EP0670029A1

EP0670029A1 - Air supply device

Info

Publication number: EP0670029A1
Application number: EP94928292A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hans-Jürgen Schöttler
Original assignee: Lunos-Lueftung & Co Ventilatoren KG GmbH
Current assignee: Lunos-Lueftung & Co Ventilatoren KG GmbH
Priority date: 1993-09-29
Filing date: 1994-09-29
Publication date: 1995-09-06
Also published as: DE4333192A1; NO952036L; WO1995009332A1; NO952036D0

Abstract

The invention pertains to an air supply device for an interior space, to be installed in an outer wall of a building, especially for a ventilation system, with an air duct that runs all the way through the device and that has a damper (2) which forms a volume flow limiter, is rotatably mounted transversely to the airflow and, when open, assumes an angular position, forming an impact surface for the airflow in the direction of closure of the damper (2), such that as of a predeterminable, airflow-induced difference in pressure between the room to be ventilated and its surroundings the damper (2) is driven by the airflow into a position that closes the air duct (1), where the crosssection of the admission port closed by the ventilation damper (2) is essentially reduced to preferably less than half of the normal crosssection of the air duct (1).

Description

Supply air device

Description

The invention relates to a supply air device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

For modern ventilation systems in residential buildings, supply air openings are required so that in the event of forced ventilation, required air quantities, preferably through a central roof ventilator, the supply of the corresponding fresh air quantity into the rooms included in the ventilation system is ensured. Wall boxes of this type have a rectangular or round cross section and are provided with an insect screen and soundproofing elements with regard to a pretreatment of the air that is suitable for use. In order to adapt to the different wall thicknesses, the length of the wall boxes can be varied by means of telescopically connected duct sections. In addition, the supply air wall boxes are provided with volume flow limiters in the form of adjustable flaps, which suitably prevent an excessive amount of air from entering the room to be ventilated if the static pressure difference between the interior and the air surrounding the building is too great, and thus in particular can contribute to undesirable energy losses.

From the DD-A-227 209 and DD-A-289 117, outer wall passages in the form of wall boxes with regulating flaps are known which begin to limit the air volume flow through the supply air opening when the wind and / or buoyancy effect increasing differential pressure between "outside" and "inside" exceeds a lower limit. A pivotable flap is provided for the automatic regulation of the air volume flow, which in the closed state essentially fills the full cross-section of the air duct. The air duct itself fills almost the full cross section of the wall box.

This flap forms an exclusively passively operated element, which means that there is no possibility of one of additional parameters dependent targeted influencing of the flap position.

The above-described design of a supply air device has the disadvantage that the flap is often activated relatively slowly, so that effective volume flow limitation is only possible when the flow values are undesirably high. In addition, there is no possibility of actively influencing the volume flow.

Based on the shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the invention is to create a supply air device of the type mentioned at the beginning which enables improved control of the air volume flow.

This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1.

The invention includes the finding that it is more favorable for sensitive volume flow limitation if only a smaller, separated area is provided with the known volume flow limiter within a given flow cross section of a longer channel. As a result, higher flow velocities in the response area of the flap can be achieved with a corresponding volume throughput, so that the latter reacts more sensitively and is also adjusted in the direction of closing the flap even with a lower air throughput. Overall, the flow resistance of the supply air device can be kept low, so that when combined with an active extract air device, the latter only has to have a relatively low output. Furthermore, it is favorable if externally operable means can be provided which, in coordination with the means operating without additional energy supply, actuate the flap in such a way that on the one hand the necessary supply air requirement is ensured but on the other hand an unnecessary one Release of energy to the environment is prevented.

This is possible in a particularly favorable manner if the butterfly valve is designed as a flat or even angular plate and is rotatably arranged on one of its boundary edges in such a way that the boundary edge simultaneously forms the axis of rotation. Means are provided which not only compensate for the gravitational effect of the mass of the control flap with respect to the axis of rotation, but also overcome it in such a way that the flap in the open position is at an angle with respect to the wall of the flow channel which extends parallel to the flow direction of the air supports a stop. The size of the torque applied by the additional means can be adjusted so that a threshold value for a certain pressure difference above which the control valve responds is ensured in a simple and at the same time inexpensive manner. The general possibility of adjusting the sensitivity of the regulating flap is particularly advantageous because it enables dimensions tolerances at the installation site to be easily compensated for.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inlet into the flow channel of such a air valve rotatably mounted control flap designed as a flat plate. One of the boundary edges of the plate is thickened in a cylindrical shape and serves as an axis of rotation. In order to be able to arrange the control flap functionally in an air duct to influence the media flow, the cylindrical axis is extended beyond the width of the control flap in both directions in the form of a bearing journal and can thus be easily inserted into the wall of the air duct . An additional mass is provided to bring the control flap arranged in this way out of its stable equilibrium state, in which the flow channel is closed, into a functional state. This mass is effective via a lever arm and generates a torque which counteracts the torque caused by the resulting weight of the control flap with respect to the axis of rotation of the control flap. The size of the lever arm and additional mass are selected such that the control flap is rotated against gravity in the direction of the upper wall of the flow channel and is in contact with a stop.

The lever arm is advantageously tongue-shaped, so that the additional mass can be conveniently slidably arranged on the lever arm and can be locked in a selected position. The positionability of the additional mass advantageously creates a prerequisite for selecting a specific torque which is greater than the torque required for balancing the weight of the control flap. Since the torque generated in this way can only be overcome by a torque in the opposite direction generated by the air flow to be controlled can, a threshold value dependent on the conditions of use of the supply air duct can be set in a simple manner before the control action of the flap starts.

According to a favorable development of the invention, the torque essential for the function of the control flap is generated by at least one torsion spring. The torsion springs are advantageously arranged on the journal of the axis of rotation. One of the free ends of the respective torsion spring is supported on the surface of the control flap, whereas the second free end engages in a detent point provided in the wall of the flow channel from the peripheral to the bearing point of the axis of rotation. The peripheral latching points are arranged essentially in a circle around the bearing point and allow the spring preload to be varied in a simple manner, which is necessary to overcome the weight of the control plate and to set a threshold value.

The supply air unit has two duct sections that can be telescoped against each other. One of the channel sections carries an inlet air grille on the upstream side in order to prevent foreign bodies and / or rainwater from entering the flow channel. The supply air grille is arranged on the corresponding duct section such that it can be rotated relative to the duct axis in order to be able to produce parallelism of edges on the structure in a simple manner when the supply air device is installed. The flow channel is lined with sound-insulating foam and is divided into two, essentially equally large, sections by an additional web. cuts divided. One of the channel sections has a meandering surface structure which extends essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis of the flow channel and ensures that the cross-sectional weakening makes it easy to cut to length. This constructive solution advantageously allows the length of the supply air device to be conveniently adapted to the respective wall thickness of the building masonry.

In the case of a rectangular cross section of the air duct, the area of the reduction in cross section makes up in particular part of this rectangle, so that the rest of the area to be closed by the air flap is also rectangular.

Additional drive means are provided with an external energy supply, which close the flap in response to an external actuation signal independently of the air flow. In this case, drive means and / or control means for this drive are provided adjacent to the air flap, which are located outside the remaining air duct in the area of the cross-sectional reduction.

In order to be able to apply a controlled variable (for example temperature or relative humidity in the room to be ventilated) to the control flap in addition to the supply air quantity to be controlled, control means are provided such that an actuator uses a lever arm to exert a force on the Control flap.

The actuator preferably has a bimetallic element with which even with low electrical currents Significant travel ranges can be achieved. The bimetallic element interacts with the tongue formed on the control flap for the additional mass. In particular, the drive and / or control means are arranged in a separate housing with a box-shaped cross section.

Alternatively, the actuator can also have an element made of a memory alloy, which is subject to a change in shape when heated above a certain temperature (or also when cooled below a certain temperature). An electrodynamic or electromotive drive is also advantageously possible. This makes it possible to adjust the flap in its end positions or in intermediate positions by means of electromechanical means, both directly on the supply air device and remotely by means of communication with remote control devices.

The air flap can also be actuated manually by means of a corresponding actuating device, for example a rod to be adjusted from the interior, a cable pull or an electrical switching device which interacts with an electrically controlled actuator of the type mentioned above.

It is also advantageous to connect to a bus system via which a remote control, for example from a central control room of a hotel, retirement home or the like. can be used to ventilate the rooms.

With the measures according to the invention, a supply air device can be created, since it is limited by wind pressure Air throughput enabled. The flow cross-section has optimal sound and heat insulation. The arrangement can be designed to be resistant to driving rain and snow while being easy to install. Furthermore, easy-to-clean filters and also an insect screen can be provided. With easy adjustability, simple measures can be used to adapt to a wide variety of space conditions at the installation site. In the case of initially passive operation, the active part can easily be retrofitted later.

Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are shown below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures. Show it:

FIGS. 1 and 2 show the preferred embodiment of the invention in schematic representations,

FIG. 3 shows the schematic representation of the detail E in FIG. 2,

FIGS. 4 and 4a show an advantageous development of the invention in a schematic representation,

FIG. 5 shows an additional development of the invention shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 in a schematic representation,

FIG. 6 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the invention in a schematic representation, FIG. 7 shows a schematic sectional illustration along the line A ... A according to FIG. 6,

Figures 7a and 7b further detailed views of the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 6 in a schematic representation and

Figures 8 and 9 a further preferred embodiment of the invention in perspective or sectional view.

In the partial longitudinal section shown in FIG. 1 through a supply air device according to the invention, a flow channel 1 is provided, through which the supply air 9 is conveyed into a room to be air-conditioned by a fan (not shown). A volume flow limiter designed as a control flap 2 is arranged transversely to the direction of extent of the flow channel 1 and is designed as a flat plate 3 (see also FIG. 2) and rotatable about one of the boundary edges 4 (axis of rotation 17) on the vertical (not shown) Boundary walls of the flow channel 1 is attached. For this purpose, the edge 4 is formed to be thickened in a cylindrical manner and protrudes from the plate 3 in an axially identical extension to form a cylindrical pin 18 (FIG. 2).

A narrow tongue 5 is formed on the cylindrical thickened edge 4, on which an additional mass 6 is arranged displaceably in the direction of the tongue longitudinal axis. The additional mass 6 consists of a material with a - in relation to the sprayable plastic of the control flap 2 - high specific weight, preferably Metal, glass or ceramic and generates a torque with respect to the rotary axis 17, which at least eliminates the torque caused by the inherent weight of the control flap 2 with respect to the rotary axis 17. As a result, the control flap is pressed against a stop 7 on the upper cover of the flow channel 1 in the non-flowed state while maintaining a certain angle of attack. From a certain size, the air volume 9 conveyed into the building through the supply air wall box causes a pivoting movement of the control flap 2 about the axis of rotation 17 (FIG. 2) in the closing direction and reduces the free flow cross section of the channel 1. By suitable choice of the attachment point of the additional mass 6 on the tongue 5, a threshold value for the inflowing air quantity 9 can be specified at which the control flap 2 responds. The range of rotation angle of the control flap 2 is limited by the stops 7 and 8 to an angle of less than 90 °.

FIG. 3 shows, as a partial section, the detail E according to FIG. 2 the size relationships of the cylinder-like thickened boundary edge 4 of the plate 3 of the control flap 2 with respect to the plate thickness. The tongue 5 is cuboid and is perpendicular to the axis of rotation 17 as well as to the surface normal of the plate 3 (not shown). This construction advantageously enables an optimal pivoting range of the control flap 2 with a relatively small additional mass 6 or shorter Tongue 5. For reasons of strength of the connection between tongue 5 and the edge 4 and in view of a high area moment of inertia, the tongue 5 is upright with its smallest side surface molded onto the cylindrical edge 4 of the control flap 2 at the edge end next to the pin 18. The additional mass 6 can be locked in a selected position on the tongue 5 in a simple manner by means of an adjusting screw 13.

According to the development of the invention shown in FIG. 4, the additional torque required for the function of the control flap 2 is generated by a torsion spring 10. The spring 10 is advantageously pushed onto the extension pin 18 of the cylindrically shaped edge 4, the central axis of the spring 10 coinciding with the rotation axis 17 of the control flap 2. The free end 11 of the torsion spring 10 is supported on the plate 3 of the control flap 2, while the free end 12 of the spring 10 is introduced into a recess 30 in the wall 32 of the flow channel according to FIG. 4a. By selecting one of the recesses 30, the pretensioning of the torsion spring 10 can be carried out in a simple manner to determine the inflow threshold value of the control flap 2. The recesses 30 in the channel wall 32 are arranged on a circular arc around the bearing bush 31 for receiving the pin 18. For increased accuracy requirements, it is advantageous to equip each of the two bearing journals 18 with a torsion spring 10.

FIG. 5 shows the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3 with the possibility of having an additional variable act in a regulating manner on the regulating flap 2. As additional control variable X are room air parameters of the room to be air-conditioned, preferably the room temperature or the relative humidity or the prevailing in the room Values characterizing air quality, suitable. Due to the action of the actuator 19 of an additional control circuit 14 with the mass 6 on the tongue 5 of the control flap 2, a further torque can act on the control flap 2 by a force F and move it into the closed position if the room air parameters require it. The actuator 19 advantageously has a bimetallic element 15, by means of which, with relatively little heating (triggered by a heating current emitted from the comparator 20 to the winding 16), considerable adjustment paths can be achieved. Alternatively, an actuator made of a memory alloy can be used.

The supply air wall box shown in perspective in FIG. 6 has two duct sections 21 and 22 with a rectangular flow cross section that can be connected telescopically to one another. The channel section 22 is structured in a meandering manner on all upstream surfaces. It flows on the downstream side into a control complex 25, in which the volume flow limiter 2 is arranged in the flow channel 1 in the manner described above. The meandering structuring is achieved by alternately lining up areas 24 and 24a with different edge lengths. The areas 24a with reduced cross-section advantageously serve to conveniently cut the channel section 25 to length when adapting the length of the wall box to the existing masonry or to introduce binders for the firm fit of the supply air wall box in the masonry.

The length compensation of a possibly existing curtain wall enables the axially telescopic Channel section 22. As weather protection (rainwater) and to prevent the penetration of solid foreign bodies with the supply air 9, the channel section 22 is closed on the inflow side by a grille 23.

FIGS. 7, 7a and 7b show constructive details of the supply air wall box as a section along the line A ... A in FIG. 6, as a top view of the upstream side of the duct section 22 and on the outflow side of the supply air grille 23. The duct section 22 has a sound insulation 26 which separates the flow duct into two sub-ducts 27 of the same size. A foamed plastic is used for sound insulation. Provided on the cover grille 23 on the outflow side are two curved lugs 28 (FIG. 7a) which point in the flow direction of the supply air and each engage in a similarly shaped recess 29 (FIG. 7b) on the upstream side of the channel section 22 when the grille 23 is mounted. The difference in length between the lugs 28 and the recesses 29 ensures in a simple manner that the cover grille 23 can be rotated relative to the channel section 22 and thus an optical parallelism adjustment of existing building edges.

The structure of the exhaust unit according to the invention can be seen in detail in the exploded perspective view shown in FIG. A corresponding unit is additionally shown in section in FIG. 9. From the top right to the bottom left in the drawing according to FIG. 8, there follows a removable inner closure IV, which acts as a decorative cover toward the interior, on which one Filter mat is attached, which is accessible by removing the closure. Seen from the inside, the control part RG according to the invention with the flap K for limiting the wind pressure is located behind the inner closure. With active control, energy is supplied via an NK mains cable. An outer casing AG made of plastic has an internal sound insulation insert SE made of foam, which is provided with two air channels crossing it in the longitudinal direction. The outer housing also has circumferential grooves in the transverse direction as predetermined breaking points, which allow the outer housing to be shortened in accordance with the wall thickness. A transition piece US, which accommodates an outer cover panel designed as a rain protection RS, is adapted to be inserted into the sound insulation insert SE. The outer end of the sound insulation insert SE is provided with a gauze-like network as an insect screen IZ.

In Figure 9, a V-shaped hanging version is provided instead of a flat flap. It can also be seen here how the control part RG is designed to be insertable into a housing front part GF which can be separated from the outer housing AG and which in turn connects to the outer housing AG.

The embodiment of the invention is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiment specified above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable which make use of the solution shown, even in the case of fundamentally different types.

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Claims

Expectations

1. Supply air device for an interior space for attachment in an outer wall of a building, in particular for a ventilation system, with an air duct which extends through the device and which has a volume flow limiter which has a flap which is rotatably mounted transversely to the air flow and has a flap also assumes an angular position in an open position, which forms an attack surface for the air flow in the direction of a closing of the flap, so that the air flow in from a predetermined pressure difference caused by air flow between the space to be ventilated and the surroundings by the air flow in a position closing the air duct is driven,

characterized ,

that the cross-section of the passage opening closed by the air flap is reduced substantially, preferably to less than half, compared to the remaining cross-section of the air duct.

2. Supply air device according to claim 1, dadurchge ¬ indicates that with a rectangular cross section of the air duct, the area of the cross-sectional reduction forms part of this rectangle, so that the rest of the area to be closed by the air flap is also rectangular.

3. Supply air device according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that additional drive means are provided with external energy supply, which close the flap (3) in response to an external actuation signal regardless of the air flow.

4. Supply air device according to claim 3, d a d u r c h g e - k e n n z e i c h n e t that drive means and / or

Control means for this drive are provided adjacent to the air flap, which is located outside the remaining air duct in the area of the cross-sectional reduction.

5. Supply air device according to one of the preceding claims, that the drive and / or control means are arranged in a separate housing with a box-shaped cross-section.

6. Supply air device according to claim 4, so that the drive means with energy supply counteract such restoring means without energy supply which hold the flap (3) in an open position deviating from its stable equilibrium position when there is no pressure difference.

7. Supply air device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the on drive means with energy supply act on a lever arm which is connected to the flap as an actuating element.

8. Supply air device according to claim 7, so that the lever near its free end has a mass which forms the restoring means without the supply of energy.

9. supply air device according to claim 8, dadurchge ¬ indicates that the lever arm is designed as a tongue (5) or plate and on the plate axis forming the axis of rotation (4) is formed and which is in particular perpendicular to the axis of rotation (17) of the volume flow limiter (2nd ) and extends parallel to its surface normal.

10. Supply air device according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that at least one spring (10) is provided as the drive means without energy supply for the volume flow limiter (2).

11. Supply air device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one stop (7, 8) is provided in the flow channel (1) of the supply air device, which stops the angular range of the volume flow limiter (2) to a value of less than 90 ° limited.

12. Supply air device according to one of the preceding claims, that a control system (14) is provided, the actuator (19) of which is in operative engagement with the lever arm.

13. Supply air device according to claim 12, that the actuator (19) has a bimetallic element (15) which can be heated by a heating winding (16).

14. Supply air device according to claim 12, so that the actuator (19) has an element made of a memory alloy, which changes its shape when the temperature changes.

15. The supply air device according to claim 12, that the actuator (19) can be positioned electrodynamically or can be positioned between its end or intermediate positions.

16. Supply air device according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the rotatably mounted flap is remotely operable by hand and / or via the actuator.

17. Supply air device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that te- Individual parts (22, 24) of the air shaft (1) which can be connected to each other in a telescopic manner, a cover grille (23) and flap (2) including the molded tongue (5) are made of plastic.

18. Supply air device according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the upstream section (22) of the air shaft (1) on the inner wall has a sound-insulating lining (26).

19. Supply air device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply-side cover grille has two arc-shaped insertion lugs (28) which, in order to achieve a holder which can be rotated in the flow direction, with the cover grille (23) in two arc-shaped recesses (29). of the duct part (22) in which they are slidably mounted.

20. Supply air device according to one of the preceding claims, that a connection to a bus system is provided via which the supply air device can be remotely controlled.

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