EP0664877B1 - Sabot a separation controlee des segments pour projectiles sous calibres - Google Patents

Sabot a separation controlee des segments pour projectiles sous calibres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0664877B1
EP0664877B1 EP94924336A EP94924336A EP0664877B1 EP 0664877 B1 EP0664877 B1 EP 0664877B1 EP 94924336 A EP94924336 A EP 94924336A EP 94924336 A EP94924336 A EP 94924336A EP 0664877 B1 EP0664877 B1 EP 0664877B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sabot
launcher
annular chamber
elements
sub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94924336A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0664877A1 (fr
Inventor
Jean-Claude Sauvestre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0664877A1 publication Critical patent/EP0664877A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0664877B1 publication Critical patent/EP0664877B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ammunition for weapons small, medium and large caliber, and more particularly a improved launcher with controlled separation of elements, for ammunition of the type comprising an undersized bullet and a launcher, especially for hunting weapons.
  • Launch techniques commonly used today use a launcher formed by two or more elements surrounding the sub-projectile.
  • the elements of launcher assembled together in joint planes by a system locking, can be made of metal alloys or plastic.
  • the aerodynamic forces which are exerted on the projectile at the exit of the weapon cause the separation of the elements of the launcher, front to back, freeing the sub-projectile.
  • This separation of the launcher can be accelerated if the projectile has a low rotational speed, resulting in example of the use of a rifled weapon.
  • the elements launcher after separation, each follow a trajectory clean and fall at varying distances from the weapon.
  • patent FR-A-2,555,728 describes an ammunition for hunting weapon comprising an under-calibrated projectile stabilized by empennage, comprising a tapered bullet dense alloy and a plastic launcher.
  • this launching technique with separation launcher from front to back, has several disadvantages.
  • the ballistics of the elements of the launcher is not controlled, and may therefore exhibit a risk for people near the shooter.
  • the separation of the elements of the launcher may disrupt the trajectory of the sub-projectile, taking support on it during separation; this results in a greater ballistic dispersion of the sub-projectile.
  • patents FR-A-2,599,828 and FR-A-2,606,500 describe hunting bullets of the type comprising a sub-projectile and a launcher made of several detachable elements, the characteristics of which are improved.
  • patent FR-A-2,599,828 describes a ball with great stability on trajectory, and providing so good shooting accuracy, but destabilizing beyond a certain distance.
  • Patent FR-A-2,606,500 (preamble to claim 1) relates to a munition providing a high initial speed and limiting the violence of the shock of recoil, consisting of an undersized ball and a launcher caliber of the weapon, comprising an external annular chamber open, separated from the propellant charge by a partition likely to rupture under the pressure of the gases generated by the combustion of the charge, and only delimited towards outside through the wall of the cartridge case.
  • This device has the advantage of reducing recoil shock felt by the shooter, and, at equal pressure, increasing the initial velocity of the projectile.
  • this external annular expansion chamber does not allow to change the opening direction, from front to the rear, elements of the launcher during separation at the exit of the weapon, but on the contrary, the risk of disruption of the trajectory of the ball during the separation of elements of the launcher may be increased.
  • US-A-5,182,419 describes a sub-projectile associated with a monoblock launching shoe, for a weapon of war with rifled barrel mounted on an airplane.
  • the purpose of this device is maintain the launch pad on a stable trajectory to avoid any impact with the aircraft reactors, after separation of the sub-projectile.
  • US-A-5,182,419 describes a projectile, comprising a sub-projectile associated with a monoblock launcher, comprising a central chamber communicating with the propellant charge.
  • This device is intended for a weapon mounted on an airplane and limits the risk of impact of the launcher with the aircraft reactors.
  • the subject of the present invention is a device comprising a launcher associated with a sub-projectile, providing a high initial speed while limiting the recoil shock, and causing an opening from the rear to the front of the launcher components, ensuring rapid and controlled ejection of its elements by the combined effects of aerodynamic forces and the expansion of the propellants.
  • the launcher according to the present invention is therefore suitable ammunition of the type comprising a sub-projectile, in particular an undersized bullet, and a pitcher in several detachable elements, adapting to the sub-projectile, and it stands out in that it comprises, in the immediate vicinity of its rear part, a wall forming, with the surface of the sub-projectile, an inner annular chamber separate from the propellant charge by a deformable or breakable partition.
  • the device according to the present invention is applicable in all ammunition, small, medium or large caliber, of the type comprising a sub-calibrated projectile, by example an undersized ball, and a launcher made up of at least minus two detachable elements, in the field of weapons of hunting, sport or war, and preferably in that of hunting weapons.
  • the launcher includes several detachable elements, and preferably two elements, of cylindrical shape adapting to the less in part to the outer shape of the sub-calibrated bullet. When assembled on the undersized bale, these elements are joined together and form a cylinder which is secured to the socket by at least part of its outer surface.
  • Each element of the launcher can itself be divided into several sub-elements along the axis longitudinal of the ball.
  • the launcher can be produced using conventional techniques, made of metal alloy or plastic having the required physical properties, for example nylon.
  • the sub-calibrated bullet is preferably an arrow bullet of known type, stabilized by empennage, and made of metal or metallic alloy, made of metallic organic mixed alloy, or in reinforced plastic in the case of ammunition training.
  • the inner annular chamber provided in accordance with the invention in the rear part of the launcher is preferably a closed room, when the elements are assembled and set up on the undersized bale.
  • the inner annular chamber can be partially open, and include for example a opening towards the back of the ball.
  • the inner annular chamber is delimited on its rear part by a deformable partition or breakable which separates it from the charge of propellant powder contained in the socket of the complete bullet.
  • This partition is designed to deform or break under pressure propellant immediately after firing the powder. This can be achieved simply by reduction of the thickness of the partition in a given area, or by a suitable groove, so as to weaken the partition.
  • the annular chamber interior according to the invention can be combined with a external annular chamber of known type, as described by example in patent FR-A-2,606,500, and located immediately near the inner annular chamber, in the part back of the launcher.
  • the frontal part located at the front of the elements of the launcher is slightly protruding from the sub-calibrated bullet head. This results in the separation of the elements and of the sub-calibrated ball, a rocking movement which facilitates the spacing of the rear part of the elements of the launcher, from back to front.
  • the device according to the present invention has many advantages over the known technique.
  • the device of the invention improves the ballistic dispersion of the sub-calibrated ball. Attempts performed have shown that this decrease may be around 20% compared to a known type arrow pitcher bullet such as that described in patent FR-A-2,555,728.
  • mastery and control of separation and / or the ejection of the launcher elements facilitates the adjustment of the opening cone of these elements by the means usual.
  • tests performed on bales equipped of the device of the present invention have shown that varying the forces related to aerodynamic pressure Pa, the aerodynamic forces Fa and the forces generated by the expansion of the propellant Pb, a variation is obtained opening cone of the launcher elements between 10 ° and 35 ° approximately.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible the use of a high span, without training of interference between the elements of the launcher and the tail when separating the elements.
  • the device of the invention also has the advantage to be compatible with the annular chamber device external open described in patent FR-A-2,606,500, and in In this case, in addition to the advantages indicated above, one obtains also a marked reduction in the recoil shock felt by the shooter, as well as an increase in the initial speed of the ball, at equal pressure.
  • Figure 1 a half-section view of a complete bale according to the invention, comprising a sub-calibrated bullet and a launcher.
  • Figure 2 a half-section view showing the position of the launcher placed on the undersized ball.
  • Figure 3 a half front view showing the part rear of the launcher in Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 a half-view in elevation showing the position an element of the launcher in relation to the undersized ball, during separation.
  • Figure 5 a partial view, in section, of a variant of realization of the annular launcher chamber.
  • the cartridge (1) shown in Figure 1 includes a primed socket (2), a charge of propellant powder (3), as well as the complete bullet consisting of the sub-calibrated bullet (4), and the launcher (5) in two identical elements arranged symmetrically about the longitudinal axis of the ball, and separable longitudinally.
  • the launcher (5) has on its internal face, teeth (6) cooperating with circular grooves (7) made at the sub-calibrated ball surface (4) facilitating the implementation place of the launcher and ensuring the mechanical strength of the assembly during the launch phase, in the barrel of the weapon.
  • the launcher (5) On its outer surface, the launcher (5) has annular grooves (8) intended to ensure a good seal during the launch phase, playing the role of decompression. These annular grooves (8) also have the effect to limit the friction surface in the tube, and allow the use of heavily choked weapons.
  • the launcher has in its rear part an outer groove (9) of triangular and very elongated section, ensuring the flexibility of the part (10) in the passage of the choke of the tube.
  • the partition (12) has zones of reduced thickness forming rounded lunules (14) shown on the figure 3. These lunules, of less resistance than the others parts of the launcher (5), are deformed and broken during the rise in pressure of the propellant gases, which then penetrate in the interior annular chamber (13). The force of relaxation thus created is exerted on the inner face of the part (10) and tends to push out the entire launcher.
  • the front part (15) of the launcher (5) shown in the Figure 2, includes a peripheral face (16) substantially perpendicular to the axis of the ball (4), a conical part outer (17), and a central face (18) also perpendicular to the axis of the ball.
  • the sub-calibrated bullet (4) consists of a body of bullet (19), for example of lead alloy, and a part tail (20) which may be made of plastic.
  • the body (19) of the sub-calibrated bullet has circular grooves (7), formed perpendicular to the axis of the ball (4), cooperating with the adents (6) of the launcher (5).
  • the head (21) of the bullet body (19) is substantially shaped biconical, and is placed slightly behind of the central face (18) of the launcher (5).
  • the tail portion (20) attached to the rear of the body ball (19) includes the tail (22) provided with four wings formed on the tail body (23).
  • the latter includes a cylindrical rib (24) of outside diameter equal to the diameter interior of the partition (12) comprising the lunules (14), so that when the launcher (5) is in place on the sub-calibrated bullet (4) in the cartridge, good sealing is ensured between the launcher (5) and the interior wall the sleeve (2) on the one hand, and between the launcher (5) and the sub-calibrated bullet (4) at the interface between the partition (12) and the cylindrical rib (24) on the other hand.
  • An outer circular recess (25) in front of the rib (24) in the tail body (23) allows, in this embodiment, to increase the volume of the chamber annular (13).
  • the tail body has still a second cylindrical rib (26) having a shoulder (27) cooperating with the first external adent (28) of the launcher (5).
  • the partition (12) having been repelled by the expansion of the propellant gases, the elements of the launcher (5) separate from the sub-calibrated ball (4), at the out of the barrel, in a tilting movement of back to front, under the action of trigger forces propellant Pb in the annular chamber (13) which is greater than the sum of the aerodynamic forces Fa acting on the front part (15) of the launcher (5) and of the forces linked to the aerodynamic pressure Pa exerted in the cavity formed by the biconical head (21) of the ball (4) and the central face (18) of the launcher (5).
  • FIG. 5 shows the combination of the inner annular chamber (13) with an outer annular chamber (29).
  • partition (12) is of low height, and extends, on the other side of the rear part (10), by a second partition (30) delimiting the outer annular chamber (29).
  • This room annular (29) is open to the outside. This opening is masked by the wall of the socket before firing, then through the inner wall of the gun barrel in the first launch phase.
  • the partition (30) is broken at the same time as the partition (12) by the rise in pressure of the propellant gases.
  • the front part of the launcher elements (5) may have a shape different from that shown in the figure (2), depending on the desired effects, according to the techniques known.

Landscapes

  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
EP94924336A 1993-08-06 1994-08-05 Sabot a separation controlee des segments pour projectiles sous calibres Expired - Lifetime EP0664877B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9309708 1993-08-06
FR9309708A FR2708730B1 (fr) 1993-08-06 1993-08-06 Lanceur à séparation contrôlée d'éléments pour munitions.
PCT/FR1994/000984 WO1995004913A1 (fr) 1993-08-06 1994-08-05 Sabot a separation controlee des segments pour projectiles sous calibres

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0664877A1 EP0664877A1 (fr) 1995-08-02
EP0664877B1 true EP0664877B1 (fr) 1998-07-08

Family

ID=9450005

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94924336A Expired - Lifetime EP0664877B1 (fr) 1993-08-06 1994-08-05 Sabot a separation controlee des segments pour projectiles sous calibres

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US5589658A (sv)
EP (1) EP0664877B1 (sv)
JP (1) JPH08503295A (sv)
KR (1) KR100331776B1 (sv)
AT (1) ATE168186T1 (sv)
AU (1) AU681432B2 (sv)
BR (1) BR9405544A (sv)
CA (1) CA2146443C (sv)
CZ (1) CZ290180B6 (sv)
DE (1) DE69411529T2 (sv)
ES (1) ES2120630T3 (sv)
FI (1) FI111296B (sv)
FR (1) FR2708730B1 (sv)
HU (1) HU217231B (sv)
NO (1) NO307232B1 (sv)
PL (1) PL174512B1 (sv)
SK (1) SK280301B6 (sv)
WO (1) WO1995004913A1 (sv)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5668347A (en) * 1996-09-13 1997-09-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Kinetic energy projectile with fin leading edge protection mechanisms
FR2769700B1 (fr) * 1997-10-13 1999-12-24 Jean Claude Sauvestre Lanceur a etancheite amelioree pour munitions du type comportant un lanceur associe a un sous-projectile
FR2786562B1 (fr) 1998-11-26 2001-02-09 Jean Noel Letellier Adaptateur pour balle sous calibree utilisee dans une arme a canon lisse
US20040045671A1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-03-11 Ed Rejda Selective etching device
US6782830B1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2004-08-31 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Obturator for large caliber smooth bore ammunition
FR2867267B1 (fr) * 2004-03-08 2006-05-26 Jean Claude Sauvestre Balle de chasse a bague d'expansion
WO2008097392A2 (en) 2006-10-28 2008-08-14 Integrity Ballistic, Llc Sabot for elastomeric projectile
US9714819B1 (en) * 2013-07-15 2017-07-25 The Boeing Company Stepped sabots for projectiles

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3905299A (en) * 1972-08-08 1975-09-16 Pacific Technica Corp Discarding sabot projectiles
US5182419A (en) * 1978-05-26 1993-01-26 Asi Systems International Saboted projectile
FR2521717B1 (fr) * 1982-02-16 1986-11-21 France Etat Projectile a energie cinetique et procede de lancement de celui-ci
FR2555728B1 (fr) * 1983-11-29 1987-03-20 Sauvestre Jean Claude Munition pour arme de chasse
FR2599828B1 (fr) * 1986-06-05 1990-08-24 Sauvestre Jean Claude Munition de petit ou moyen calibre a efficacite amelioree et portee limitee, en particulier pour la chasse
FR2606500B1 (fr) * 1986-06-05 1990-07-06 Sauvestre Jean Claude Munition de chasse a volume de combustion augmente
US4802415A (en) * 1987-12-28 1989-02-07 Ford Aerospace Corporation Telescoped ammunition round having subcaliber projectile sabot with integral piston

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SK44295A3 (en) 1995-09-13
AU681432B2 (en) 1997-08-28
CZ86295A3 (en) 1995-10-18
FR2708730B1 (fr) 1995-10-20
FR2708730A1 (fr) 1995-02-10
JPH08503295A (ja) 1996-04-09
US5589658A (en) 1996-12-31
NO951331D0 (no) 1995-04-05
ATE168186T1 (de) 1998-07-15
KR100331776B1 (ko) 2002-11-30
WO1995004913A1 (fr) 1995-02-16
PL174512B1 (pl) 1998-08-31
HU9500998D0 (en) 1995-06-28
CA2146443C (fr) 2005-06-14
CA2146443A1 (fr) 1995-02-16
AU7463894A (en) 1995-02-28
BR9405544A (pt) 1999-09-08
PL308299A1 (en) 1995-07-24
KR950703725A (ko) 1995-09-20
HUT72879A (en) 1996-05-28
CZ290180B6 (cs) 2002-06-12
SK280301B6 (sk) 1999-11-08
NO307232B1 (no) 2000-02-28
HU217231B (hu) 1999-12-28
DE69411529T2 (de) 1999-02-18
FI111296B (sv) 2003-06-30
ES2120630T3 (es) 1998-11-01
NO951331L (no) 1995-04-05
FI951626A (sv) 1995-04-05
EP0664877A1 (fr) 1995-08-02
FI951626A0 (sv) 1995-04-05
DE69411529D1 (de) 1998-08-13

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