EP0663789B1 - Circuit d'amorçage, avec préchauffage, de lampes fluorescentes - Google Patents

Circuit d'amorçage, avec préchauffage, de lampes fluorescentes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0663789B1
EP0663789B1 EP94305456A EP94305456A EP0663789B1 EP 0663789 B1 EP0663789 B1 EP 0663789B1 EP 94305456 A EP94305456 A EP 94305456A EP 94305456 A EP94305456 A EP 94305456A EP 0663789 B1 EP0663789 B1 EP 0663789B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensitive
resistance
voltage
temperature
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94305456A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0663789A1 (fr
Inventor
Onn Fah Foo
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Mass Technology HK Ltd
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Mass Technology HK Ltd
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Publication of EP0663789A1 publication Critical patent/EP0663789A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a discharge lamp preheating start-up device comprising a voltage-sensitive switching element and a temperature sensitive resistance having a positive temperature coefficient, and a method of producing such a device.
  • the invention relates to a pre-heating start-up device for electronic ballast fluorescent lamps, and a method of producing same.
  • Fluorescent lamps have been widely used as an efficient lighting device and require, during normal operation, accessories such as current limiting means and start-up means.
  • Current limiting means (ballast) frequently used are electronic and lamps using such current limiting means are known as high frequency lamps. These have the advantage of a low voltage start-up.
  • the start-up means used as the operating switch in such lamps are the so-called "jumping bulb” glow starter. This is a monodirectional glow heat sensitive switch having a pair of head closing metallic electrodes sealed into a glass shell filled with an inert gas. The normal operative gas discharging voltage of the filament at the two ends of the fluorescent tube can be reached to cause glow of the light tube.
  • This method of starting glow is known as high voltage quick cold start-up under normal temperature and does not involve any apparent pre-heating process of the filaments of the light tube during the starting procedure. Accordingly the light tube can only be started under high voltage conditions together with an impulse of high current (approximately 2.5 times the operating current of the lamp).
  • high voltage quick cold starting may cause direct damage of the filament and the electron powder and may also cause the "rectifying effect" of asymmetric electron emitting, both affecting the life of the light tube.
  • fluorescent lamps which are gas charging lamps of the cathode preheating type, which are hot starting lamps.
  • gas charging lamps of the cathode preheating type which are hot starting lamps.
  • the tube is lit at a relatively low open line voltage (such as at 300 to 400 volts instantaneous peak starting voltage) after a period of preheating the filaments. This is advantageous to prevent the filament and its superficial electron emitting material from "spurting out", whereby, the life of the light tube can be prolonged.
  • Heat sensitive resistors are relatively commonly adopted in making preheating type glow starters. This is a device having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC), which has been described in detail in US patent number 3,444,399. PTC thermistors have temperature sensitive characteristics and are directly used in electronic circuits to compensate for voltage change and to provide a stable current passing through the circuit load.
  • PTC thermistors have temperature sensitive characteristics and are directly used in electronic circuits to compensate for voltage change and to provide a stable current passing through the circuit load.
  • Chinese Utility Model Patent number 92219487 discloses utilising a PTC in fluorescent lamp glow preheating.
  • the fluorescent lamp starting preheater disclosed therein is a thermistor having a positive temperature coefficient and Curie point or switching temperature.
  • the two terminals of the preheater are coupled to the two thermals of the main oscillatory circuit of the electronic ballast serially connected to the two filaments of the fluorescent lamp, respectively, as shown in Fig 1 hereof. It is necessary to match the parameters and volume of the PTC with the electronic parameters of the light tube when the PTC is utilised as a preheating device and this is difficult to achieve. In addition, the PTC itself also consumes power, its temperature rise is high and its starting time is relatively long (about three seconds).
  • a discharge lamp preheating start-up device comprising a voltage-sensitive resistance having a positive temperature coefficient is described in WO-A-93 00784.
  • the resistance is interconnected in series with the bidirectionally operating breakdown voltage-sensitive switching element.
  • the resistance and the bidirectionally operational breakdown element are thermally coupled. The purpose is to provide simple circuit for operating a discharge lamp which facilitates the substantially constant ignition of the lamp.
  • a preheating start-up device for electronic ballast fluorescent lamps constructed in the following manner.
  • Two materials are used.
  • One (referred-to below as the "V” layer) of which comprises more than 80% zinc oxide with minor additions of oxides of bismuth, antimony, cobalt and manganese.
  • the other one (referred-to below as the "T” layer) of which comprises a mixture of oxides comprising more than 70% by weight of a barium and strontium and titanium complex oxide.
  • each of the two surfaces of each sheet is then coated with a conductive layer of silver, thereafter, the two sheets obtained are hot bonded into an integrated body to form a chip.
  • the portion comprising a complex oxide of (inter-alia) barium is designated the "T” layer, while the portion mainly comprising zinc oxide is designated the "V” layer.
  • Connecting leads are led out from the surfaces of the two layers, respectively, and together they form a fluorescent lamp automatic preheating/switch device, referred to as a VT device.
  • the VT device is serially connected into the fluorescent lighting circuit.
  • the above-mentioned chip of the VT device is then sealed into a coating of burn - resistant epoxy powder with is integrated by heating to form a complete device.
  • the fluorescent lamp automatic preheating/switching device thus formed is serially connected in the loop of the filament of the fluorescent lamp after the parallel connection of the two leads with a resonant capacitor.
  • the "V” layer in the VT device behaves as a voltage sensitive switching resistor, it operates as a voltage sensitive switch and increases the initial current, speeds up the variation of resistance of the "T” layer and improves the starting speed of the light tube.
  • the "T” layer in the VT device behaves as a PTC, which functions to delay the rise of the voltage in the light tubes circuit and prevents the exceeded current from passing through the "V" layer.
  • the selection of materials constituting the VT device and the ranges of its electric parameters can be varied accordingly depending on the features of the lamps with which they are used.
  • voltage is applied to the two terminals of a fluorescent lamp.
  • the cold state conducting voltage of the light tube is higher than 600V, when the conducting voltage of said VT device is only approximately 150V, the VT device is first made conductive at a relatively low voltage, thus, the two terminals of the VT device lower the peak voltage.
  • the lamp Since the voltage at the two terminals of the light tube is maintained only at the voltage value of the voltage sensitive switch of the VT device, that is approximately 180V, therefore the lamp is not conductive. During this period, the current in the whole circuit passing through the VT device (approximately 80 mA) and the charging and discharging currents of the resonant capacitor C heat the filaments, and at the same time, the VT device is also heated.
  • the power consumption of the preheating starter of the present invention during the normal working period of the fluorescent lamp is only 0.4 to 5% of that of the PTC.
  • the consequent advantages are that the rise of temperature of said device is low, it is easy to realise parameter matching with the light tube and the starting time is also appropriate.
  • the reliability of the operation of the light tube can be improved, and the life of the light tube can be prolonged.
  • the device indicated by the symbol VT is a fluorescent lamp preheating starting device or automatic glow starter/switch device of the present invention, which constitutes a serial circuit with the electronic ballast and the filaments and is connected in parallel with the resonant capacitor C.
  • Fig 3 shows a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a fluorescent lamp preheating starting device, wherein the temperature sensitive resistance layer or "T" layer or sheet 1 comprises a mixture of oxides comprising more than 70% by weight of a barium and strontium and titanium complex oxide.
  • the complex oxide has the molecular formula (0.878 Ba + 0.122 Sr + Ti) 0 3 .
  • the mixture contains oxides in the proportions given by one mole of this latter oxide mixed with the mole percentages now indicated of the following additional oxides : 0.05-0.3mol% NB 2 O 5 and 0.8-3mol% SiO2 and 0.2-0.8mol% Al203 and 0.4-1.5mol% TiO2 and 0.03-0.08mol%CaO and 0.005 (or 0.05) - 0.01mol% MnO2 and 0.04-0.8mol%MgO.
  • the resistance layer has the properties of a heat sensitive resistor and is coated with a conductive layer, the Curie Point of which is 60°C to 100°C, and its resistance at normal temperature is 700 to 1200 . It corresponds to an MZ11PTC heat sensitive resistor.
  • the voltage sensitive switching resistance V layer or sheet 2 comprises a mixture comprising more than 80% zinc oxide with minor additions of oxides of bismuth, antimony, cobalt and manganese.
  • the molecular percentages are as follows : 95-98mol% ZnO plus 0.1-5mol% of each of Bi2O, Sb2O3, CoO and MnO.
  • the V layer or sheet is a voltage sensitive structure, the voltage value of the voltage sensitivity is 120-160 volts, and the mean features of which are similar to that of an MYD-07K95 voltage sensitive resistor.
  • this voltage sensitive switching resistance layer (sheet) 2 is hot bonded with the above-mentioned temperature sensitive resistance layer (sheet) 1 by solder 4.
  • Said solder is a tin plated brass wire solder attached with D4D-87 silver epoxy conductive glue.
  • the thickness of the silver layer is 0.06 mm and being able to withstand temperatures of 300°C, it is in fact a conductive layer.
  • Leads 3 are connected to the temperature sensitive resistance layer (sheet) 1 and the voltage sensitive switching resistance layer (sheet) 2 respectively. The two layers 1 and 2 are hot bonded together to form an integrated body.
  • the above apparatus is sealed by a coating film 5 comprising epoxy powder to form an automatic starter/switch VT device having both temperature controlled impedance characteristics and voltage switching characteristics.
  • the main parameters of the automatic starter/switch VT device are as follows :
  • the above-mentioned materials constitute a fluorescent lamp starting device having both the function of a voltage switch and the characteristic of self-overload-current-protection, which is capable of automatic preheating, automatic switching, and self-protection.
  • the lamp starting time of this automatic preheating/switching device (VT) is appropriate, ie 0.6 to 1.5 second, the life of the switch can be controlled in 20,000 to 100,00 times.
  • Fig 4 illustrates an embodiment of another structure of the fluorescent lamp preheating starter of the present invention as a modification of the above-mentioned structure.
  • a current limiting resistance film 6 in parallel with the temperature sensitive device is coated on the peripheral (one or more peripheral surfaces) thereof.
  • the resistance of this film is 12K Ohms to 20K Ohms.
  • a current limiting resistor having the same resistance range may also be connected in parallel with the temperature sensitive device.
  • a further embodiment of the VT device of the present invention is one in which the voltage sensitive resistance layer (sheet) 2 and the temperature sensitive resistance layer (sheet) 1 in the above-mentioned structure are made separated, and the same effect is achieved merely by connecting them in series with a conductor and then mounting them in the location indicated by VT as shown in Fig 2.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Dispositif d'amorçage avec préchauffage pour lampe à décharge, comprenant un élément de commutation sensible à la tension et une résistance sensible à la température ayant un coefficient de température positif, caractérisé en ce que, liée à chaud en un corps intégré avec l'élément de commutation sensible à la tension, comprenant une couche de résistance de commutation (2) qui contient plus de 80% d'oxyde de zinc, et avec la résistance sensible à la température comprenant une couche (1) d'un mélange d'oxydes qui contient plus de 70% en poids d'oxyde complexe de baryum, strontium et titane, il est prévu une couche conductrice à revêtement d'argent entre lesdites deux couches de résistance (2, 1), ledit dispositif comportant des conducteurs (3) et les dites couches (2,1) étant scellées dans un film de revêtement (5) pour constituer un dispositif de préchauffage/ commutation automatique.
  2. Dispositif d'amorçage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre desdites deux couches de résistance (2,1) est approximativement dans la plage de 4 mm à 7 mm.
  3. Dispositif d'amorçage selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la dite couche de résistance sensible à la tension (2) et ladite couche de résistance sensible à la température (1) sont des dispositifs séparés connectés en série par un conducteur.
  4. Dispositif d'amorçage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la périphérie de ladite couche sensible à la température (1) est revêtue avec un film de résistance de limitation de courant (6) couplé en parallèle avec elle.
  5. Dispositif d'amorçage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une résistance de limitation de courant est connectée en parallèle avec ladite couche sensible à la température (1).
  6. Dispositif d'amorçage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de résistance sensible à la tension dudit dispositif de commutation sensible à la tension est dans la plage de 120 volts à 160 volts;
  7. Dispositif d'amorçage selon une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la dite couche de résistance sensible à la température comprend un mélange contenant de l'oxyde de titane, dont le point de Curie est situé dans la plage de 65°C à 100°C, et la résistance dans des conditions de température normale est de 700 Ω à 1200 Ω.
  8. Dispositif d'amorçage selon une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dit oxyde contenant du baryum est un oxyde complexe de baryum, strontium et titane.
  9. Dispositif d'amorçage selon une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde contenant du baryum est un carbonate de baryum.
  10. Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif d'amorçage avec préchauffage pour lampe à décharge, comprenant un élément de commutation sensible à la tension et une résistance sensible à la température ayant un coefficient de température positif, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de commutation sensible à la tension est une couche (2) contenant plus de 80% d'oxyde de zinc comprimée pour former une feuille circulaire de 4 mm à 7 mm de diamètre etmise en forme par frittage, en ce que la résistance sensible à la température est une couche (1) comprenant un mélange d'oxydes qui contient plus de 70% en poids d'oxyde complexe de baryum, strontium et titane, comprimée pour former une feuille circulaire de 4 mm à 7 mm de diamètre et mise en forme par frittage, en ce que des conducteurs (3) sont connectés à la couche de résistance sensible à la température (1) et à la couche de résistance de commutation sensible à la tension (2) respectivement, et en ce que les deux couches (1,2) sont liées à chaud par une couche conductrice en argent pour former un corps intégré.
EP94305456A 1994-01-18 1994-07-22 Circuit d'amorçage, avec préchauffage, de lampes fluorescentes Expired - Lifetime EP0663789B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN94202144 1994-01-18
CN94202144U CN2183650Y (zh) 1994-01-18 1994-01-18 荧光灯预热启动器件

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0663789A1 EP0663789A1 (fr) 1995-07-19
EP0663789B1 true EP0663789B1 (fr) 1999-12-15

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94305456A Expired - Lifetime EP0663789B1 (fr) 1994-01-18 1994-07-22 Circuit d'amorçage, avec préchauffage, de lampes fluorescentes

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EP (1) EP0663789B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN2183650Y (fr)
AT (1) ATE187864T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69422145T2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10226899A1 (de) * 2002-06-17 2003-12-24 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Vorrichtung zum Betreiben von Entladungslampen
US6756745B1 (en) * 2003-03-27 2004-06-29 Tieng-Fu Lin Four-electrode fluorescent lamp and the circuit for arranging the same
CN102789893A (zh) * 2011-05-14 2012-11-21 欧阳施孝 荧光灯预热启辉专用电容器

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4121009C2 (de) * 1991-06-21 1994-01-13 Prolux Maschinenbau Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Entladungslampe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69422145T2 (de) 2002-06-27
CN2183650Y (zh) 1994-11-23
ATE187864T1 (de) 2000-01-15
EP0663789A1 (fr) 1995-07-19
DE69422145D1 (de) 2000-01-20

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