EP0659264A1 - Artillery shell propellant gas sealing device - Google Patents
Artillery shell propellant gas sealing deviceInfo
- Publication number
- EP0659264A1 EP0659264A1 EP94909163A EP94909163A EP0659264A1 EP 0659264 A1 EP0659264 A1 EP 0659264A1 EP 94909163 A EP94909163 A EP 94909163A EP 94909163 A EP94909163 A EP 94909163A EP 0659264 A1 EP0659264 A1 EP 0659264A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- projectile
- chamber
- charge
- lining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/10—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile with self-propelled bullet
- F42B5/105—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile with self-propelled bullet propelled by two propulsive charges, the rearwardly situated one being separated from the rest of the projectile during flight or in the barrel; Projectiles with self-ejecting cartridge cases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
- F42B14/02—Driving bands; Rotating bands
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of ammunition fired by cannon and it relates, more specifically, to those fired by means of a propellant charge which may be independent of the projectile proper or not.
- the trend today is to increase the caliber (diameter of the tube) of the guns, and more particularly of the tank guns. It is thus possible to obtain higher initial projectile velocities.
- the diameter of the chamber is generally not increased in the same proportions in order to limit the diametrical size of the weapon.
- the arrow bars can penetrate relatively deeply into the powder without any problem of mechanical strength.
- the envelope of the explosive ordnance cannot penetrate inside the explosive charge without it becoming essential to increase its thickness, which leads to a decrease in stability and a reduction in the internal volume devoted to the explosive charge, therefore efficiency.
- the shutter ensuring gas tightness must therefore be at the rear of the envelope of the explosive projectile, which means that the length of the projectile load burden must be increased.
- the invention aims to allow the production of ammunition to be fired by a cannon with increased caliber, ammunition must not have excessive length or have a projectile shell too thick.
- the invention is thus likely to apply in all cases where it is sought to fire a projectile the rear part of which must not be subjected, at least initially, to the pressure of the propellant gases, that is to say to say: - a projectile with thin envelope, such as missile, cargo.
- the invention could find an application both with a munition in two bundles and with an ammunition cartridge in a single bundle.
- the object of the invention is to solve the general problem which is to allow cannon firing of projectiles sensitive to the pressure of gases without, however, requiring a reinforcement of their structure.
- the invention relates to a device comprising:
- - sealing means arranged at the periphery of the piston and comprising a seal ensuring a low pressure seal between the piston and the chamber of the weapon and a shutter ensuring a high pressure seal, between the piston and the tube.
- Such means therefore make it possible to define explosive munitions the axial size of which is relatively small since the projectile may be entirely inside the chamber.
- These means also allow firing from a tank gun of munitions sensitive to the pressure of gases such as missiles. These will be isolated of a propellant ejection charge by means of a piston according to the invention. Timed ignition means will initiate a propellant charge specific to the missile after it leaves the tube.
- Timed ignition means will ignite the solid charge of the projectile at a given time inside the tube (this known concept increases the speed by limiting the pressure).
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a projectile equipped with the device of the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation showing, on a larger scale, a constructive detail of the device.
- Fig. 3 is an elevation illustrating, on a smaller scale, an example of application.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically the tube 1 of a barrel, the rear part of which delimits a loading chamber 2 capable of being closed or opened by a movable breech 3.
- the chamber 2 is connected by a forcing cone 4 to the core 5 of the tube 1, in a way defining the caliber of the barrel in which a munition 6 must be engaged by introduction into the chamber 2.
- the ammunition 6 comprises a front load 7 which may be constituted by a projectile proper or even by an envelope 11 (Fig.2) inside which the projectile is disposed.
- the ammunition further comprises a rear burden 8 mainly constituted by a propellant charge, confined in a case 9 which may or may not be combustible.
- the sealing device according to the invention consists of a piston 10 made of any material suitable for withstanding the thermal and mechanical stresses generated by the ignition of the charge 8.
- the piston 10 is made light alloy, for example aluminum alloy or carbon fiber with or without metal insert.
- the piston 10 is adapted either to the rear part of the load 7, or directly on the casing 11, of the latter, by means of a separable connection device 12.
- the connection device 12 is, for example, constituted by pins (or a thread) which shear under the effect of the pressure of the propellant gases or else of acceleration. This connecting device 12 shears at the time of firing, which allows separation of the piston 10 and the casing 11 under the influence of the aerodynamic forces which are exerted on the projectile at the outlet of the barrel of the weapon.
- the device 12 can advantageously be with controlled operation rather than automatic and in such a case, it can be advantageous to incorporate in the piston 10 a trigger 13 sensitive to pressure and / or to heat and responsible for controlling, in a deferred manner , the neutralization function of the separable connecting device 12.
- the trigger 13 is of known type and, for example of that disclosed by French patent n ° 88-10 551.
- the trigger 13 can, of course, be used to assume another function such as the delayed ignition of a load loaded inside the load 7.
- the piston 10 has at its rear part a gasket 14 called low pressure which has, in the rest state, a cross section greater than the diameter of the chamber 2 so that the engagement of the projectile 6 establishes a cooperation of surface, by deformation of the lining then able to establish a tight contact.
- the lining 14 is produced so as to comprise at least one peripheral lip 15 which is elastically deformable and chosen from a material such that its own reaction to the elastic deformation keeps it in permanent peripheral contact with the wall of the chamber 2.
- the lining 14 can be of the simple type made for example of polyethylene or possibly of the complex type including one or more elastic inserts making it possible to apply the lip 15 against the chamber 2.
- the lining 14 comprises at least one over-calibrated lip for example from 5 to 10% relative to the diameter of the chamber 2. Such a lip could for example have an axial contact length close to 10 to 20 mm for a chamber diameter of 170 mm.
- the lining 14 is fitted in a housing 16 in the rear part of the piston 10 and is held there by gluing or overmolding.
- the lining 14 is designed so as to be able to be constrained in the centripetal radial direction, in order to occupy, under maximum stress, a section compatible with the passage of the forcing cone 4 and with the caliber of the core 5. For this purpose, provision may be made to make the lining shearable during the passage of the forcing cone 4.
- the sealing device is also provided at the front with the piston
- the ignition of the charge 8 provides a quantity of pressurized gases which are confined in the chamber 9 via the gasket 14.
- the gas pressure to which the gasket 14 is subjected is a low pressure of the order of 200 MPa.
- the energy developed is therefore confined in a defined volume and acts on the useful transverse surface of the piston 10 to propel the burden 7 inside the core 5.
- the piston 10 is adapted as said above to the rear part of the burden 7 or of the casing 11, and may include appropriate means for ensuring a connection with the burden, so as to facilitate the operations of handling and loading of the projectile 6 in a unitary form.
- Such means may consist, for example, of snap-on pins or of fasteners based on additional hookable elements of the type of those known under the brand "VELCRO" and which are taught in this application by the publication FR 91-01499.
- Fig. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment according to which the piston 10 is adapted at the end of a housing 20 for example of plastic material which is fixed by a flange or internal studs 21 on a peripheral groove 22 presented by the body 23 of the projectile 6 of the tail type.
- the box 20 can thus be compared to the envelope 11.
- the housing 20, which is substantially of the caliber of the barrel 1, has a rupture initiator 24, for example an annular one located behind the rim or the studs 21.
- the housing 20 thus envelops the rear part of the ammunition or projectile which can be of the explosive type and include a stabilizing stabilizer 25 protected by the housing 20 and the piston 10.
- the piston 10 then carries a pyrotechnic composition 13 which is initiated with delay by the ignition of the charge 8, for example by means of a delay device 26.
- the gas pressure caused by the ignition of the composition 13 causes the separation of the projectile and the casing in line with the initiation of rupture 24 at the outlet of the barrel 1.
- the lining 14 is disposed at the rear of the piston and of the shutter 3. An inverted arrangement could be envisaged consisting of place the lining 14 in front of the shutter 3 which then receives the gas pressure as soon as the explosive charge is ignited.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9303096 | 1993-03-18 | ||
FR9303096A FR2702833B1 (en) | 1993-03-18 | 1993-03-18 | Propulsion gas tightness device for artillery ammunition. |
PCT/FR1994/000254 WO1994021981A1 (en) | 1993-03-18 | 1994-03-08 | Artillery shell propellant gas sealing device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0659264A1 true EP0659264A1 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
EP0659264B1 EP0659264B1 (en) | 1998-07-29 |
Family
ID=9445079
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94909163A Expired - Lifetime EP0659264B1 (en) | 1993-03-18 | 1994-03-08 | Artillery shell propellant gas sealing device |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5492064A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0659264B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69412048T2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2702833B1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL109018A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1994021981A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT407921B (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2001-07-25 | Intertechnik Tech Produktionen | Projectile which can be fired from a tube |
US6860187B2 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2005-03-01 | Metal Storm Limited | Projectile launching apparatus and methods for fire fighting |
DE10157668B4 (en) * | 2001-11-24 | 2014-05-22 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | bullet |
AU2003902297A0 (en) * | 2003-05-13 | 2003-07-24 | Metal Storm Limited | External propellant initiation system and projectile |
GB0713369D0 (en) * | 2007-07-04 | 2008-03-12 | Bae Systems Plc | Charge Mount |
DE102008026645A1 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-10 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | propellant |
DE102009032158B4 (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2013-03-14 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | weapon system |
US20120321413A1 (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2012-12-20 | Fernando Masas | Apparatus for installing fasteners and explosive loads for use therewith |
DE202014005442U1 (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-08-12 | Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das BMVg, vertreten durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr | Artillery shell with a sealing ring |
CN114909951A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-16 | 南京理工大学 | Air-tight ring structure of small-caliber smooth-bore gun launching sub-caliber hulling projectile for test |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US648243A (en) * | 1899-12-18 | 1900-04-24 | Vickers Sons & Maxim Ltd | Gas-check for projectiles. |
FR373960A (en) * | 1906-04-03 | 1907-05-31 | Schneider & Cie | Shutter belts for projectiles |
FR380063A (en) * | 1906-07-19 | 1907-11-28 | Carl Puff | Barrel for handguns and artillery pieces, with deep scratches |
US868938A (en) * | 1907-07-25 | 1907-10-22 | Carl Puff | Barrel for portable firearms and cannon with deepened grooves. |
US3216356A (en) * | 1964-01-30 | 1965-11-09 | Jr William F Kaufmann | Projectile |
US4043269A (en) * | 1976-05-27 | 1977-08-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Sealed sabot projectile |
US4384529A (en) * | 1981-02-02 | 1983-05-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Projectile seal |
DE3243430C2 (en) * | 1982-11-24 | 1987-01-08 | Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Gmbh, 7238 Oberndorf | Projectile with a tubular body |
US4800816A (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1989-01-31 | Honeywell Inc. | Delay discarding sabot projectile |
GB8630848D0 (en) * | 1986-12-24 | 1988-02-03 | Royal Ordnance Plc | Discarding sabots |
USH403H (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-01-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Gun launched kinetic energy penetrator |
FR2635178B1 (en) * | 1988-08-04 | 1990-10-12 | France Etat Armement | LOCKING OPENING DEVICE FOR SHELLS |
FR2672672B1 (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 1993-04-16 | Giat Ind Sa | CONTAINER THAT CAN RECEIVE A PROPULSIVE CHARGE. |
-
1993
- 1993-03-18 FR FR9303096A patent/FR2702833B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-03-08 EP EP94909163A patent/EP0659264B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-08 US US08/325,317 patent/US5492064A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-08 WO PCT/FR1994/000254 patent/WO1994021981A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-03-08 DE DE69412048T patent/DE69412048T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-17 IL IL10901894A patent/IL109018A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9421981A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0659264B1 (en) | 1998-07-29 |
WO1994021981A1 (en) | 1994-09-29 |
DE69412048D1 (en) | 1998-09-03 |
US5492064A (en) | 1996-02-20 |
FR2702833A1 (en) | 1994-09-23 |
FR2702833B1 (en) | 1995-05-12 |
DE69412048T2 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
IL109018A (en) | 1998-09-24 |
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