EP0659208A1 - Composition de detergent et procede de production - Google Patents
Composition de detergent et procede de productionInfo
- Publication number
- EP0659208A1 EP0659208A1 EP93919218A EP93919218A EP0659208A1 EP 0659208 A1 EP0659208 A1 EP 0659208A1 EP 93919218 A EP93919218 A EP 93919218A EP 93919218 A EP93919218 A EP 93919218A EP 0659208 A1 EP0659208 A1 EP 0659208A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- anionic
- nonionic
- final
- slurry
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 134
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 29
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 19
- -1 e.g. Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 13
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LPTWEDZIPSKWDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid;dodecane Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCCCCCCCCC LPTWEDZIPSKWDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000503 Na-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010057040 Temperature intolerance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraacetylethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N(C(C)=O)CCN(C(C)=O)C(C)=O BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001253 acrylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012683 anionic precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QLULGSLAHXLKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;phosphane Chemical compound N.P QLULGSLAHXLKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carbonate;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013020 final formulation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008543 heat sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002689 maleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SUSFWSZSZWVXFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonoxybenzene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 SUSFWSZSZWVXFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical group [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/04—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents by chemical means, e.g. by sulfonating in the presence of other compounding ingredients followed by neutralising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/02—Preparation in the form of powder by spray drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
- C11D17/065—High-density particulate detergent compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/128—Aluminium silicates, e.g. zeolites
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to a process for the production of detergent powder by spray-drying.
- Liquid active blends allow for water and active together to act as a carrier for the solids.
- the active has changed its function in the slurry.
- the active instead of being a "solid additive" which must be suspended in the liquid water carrier has itself become part of the liquid carrier system. This change allows for a reduction in the amount of water needed in the slurry as a carrier, because the active substitutes for part of the water.
- U.S Patent 4,738,793 employs low moisture slurries for spray- drying but this is accomplished using nonionic surfactants in the substantial absence of anionic surfactant (less than 2% anionic is taught) .
- a method of slurry preparation and a slurry composition which exhibits exceptionally low viscosity even at low water content, thus enabling it to be spray-dried to a high surfactant concentration without unacceptable pluming has now been discovered.
- a spray-dried powder of exceptionally high density can be obtained.
- Gel formation may be avoided in producing a liquid active mixture by using a preferred order of addition: water plus caustic, then nonionic plus the acidic form of the anionic surfactant. Water plus caustic changes the characteristic viscosity curve so that when the nonionic is added an emulsion is formed in place of a gel.
- Emulsion viscosity is much less than gel viscosity.
- the acid precursor of the anionic may then be added and is preferably neutralized in situ. This makes the liquid active mixture more viscous, but still avoids the gel state.
- solids addition of the builder i.e. zeolite and/or carbonate as well as other builders such as NTA and the like may be carried out.
- a blend of surfactants may be used such as that disclosed in Hsu er al. Serial Number 07/808,314 filed 12/16/91 or
- nonionic surfactants are included.
- a low moisture content detergent slurry is manufactured utilizing liquid active surfactant blends containing anionic and nonionic surfactants. This low moisture slurry is then spray-dried using standard spray-drying techniques yielding, if desired, a concentrated or high density base powder.
- the invention provides a process for preparing by spray-drying, washing powders containing anionic active, nonionic active and builder, i.e., carbonate and zeolite, for example, crystalline and/or amorphous aluminosilicate including the zeolites disclosed in EP,384,070A and 448,297A.
- the builders are used in a proportion of at least about 5 to 50 percent of anionic to 1 to 50 percent of nonionic to 5 to 70 percent of__,a builder.
- the slurry is prepared by forming an aqueous mixture of a nonionic and anionic surfactant to which a builder and other detergent components may be added to produce the slurry for spray-drying.
- the aqueous anionic-nonionic mixture comprises water, a nonionic active and an anionic active wherein the anionic is incorporated as:
- the acid form of an anionic surfactant and the mixture further contains a neutralising agent whereby the acid is neutralised in situ to form the anionic surfactant; and/or;
- the anionic surfactant is incorportaed into the mixture as a surfactant
- the nonionic and anionic surfactant are mixed to form a surfactant blend which is then incorporated into the mixture.
- preparation of the slurry in which the surfactants are incorporated as a blend is comprised of:
- a viscosity adjuster in an amount of from 0 to 50% of said mixture, at any time during the slurry process to result in a viscosity of the final slurry mixture of about 1000 to 20,000 cps measured at a shear rate of 17 to 18 sec "1 and a temperature of 150° to 195°F.
- preparation of the slurry in which the anionic surfactant is incorporated in the acid form is comprised of:
- a viscosity adjuster in an amount of from 0 to 50% of said mixture, at any time during the slurry process to result in a viscosity of the final slurry mixture of about 1000 to 20,000 cps measured at a shear rate of 17 to 18 sec "1 and a temperature of 150° to 195°F.
- the water content will be from 10% to 40% by weight of the slurry, in which case it will be possible to spray-dry the powder to a bulk density above 500 g/liter, desirably from 500 to 900 g/liter.
- Viscosity is extremely important since for ease of operation any composition, e.g. a slurry, must be capable of being sprayed at pressures commonly used such as 10 psi to 1000 psi through nozzle sizes of about 0.1 mm to 11 mm or more at temperatures of about room temperature of about 65°F up to about 200°F. Such low temperatures avoid excess evaporation.
- the viscosity of such composition is about 1000 centipoise to 20,000 centipoise at a temperature of 150° to 185°F or even somewhat higher at a shear rate of 17 to 18 sec "1 .
- compositions having a ratio of anionic surfactant to nonionic surfactant of 1:3 to 3:1 may be employed but 1:2 to 2:1 are of especial interest.
- the composition of slurry should be formulated so that the viscosity of the final slurry is about 7,000 to 20,000 cps, preferably less than 20,000 centipoise, more preferably less than 10,000 centipoise, measured at a shear rate of 17 to 18 sees "1 at a temperature of 150° to 185°F.
- the slurry must be sufficiently fluid to allow thorough mixing of all of the components in the mixer. After mixing is finished, the slurry must remain sufficiently fluid to pump it out of a mixing vessel to a spray tower. As better and more efficient mixers become available processing of more viscous systems becomes easier. Conversely, as pumps are improved, higher viscosity slurried can be pumped.
- the viscosity must be such that the desired physical mixing and pumping can be done economically and chemical reactions if any, such as neutralization take place readily.
- the final point prior to spray-drying is the actual atomization of the slurry in the tower spray nozzles. There are many different designs of spray nozzles well known to those skilled in the art with which to achieve appropriate atomization.
- Liquid mixing can be defined as a Reynolds number (N Re ) where N Re is defined as follows:
- N Re Reynolds Number
- N impeller speed
- D impeller diameter
- p specific gravity
- ⁇ viscosity at a shear rate of N ⁇ sec "1 .
- the final slurry in the mixer should have a flow with a Reynolds Number of about 1 to 10,000 which is conveniently produced by an appropriate impeller design.
- the viscosity of the slurry thus depends upon many functional parameters.
- the viscosity to be achieved must be appropriate for the slurry to be mixed, pumped and atomized in a spray tower.
- the viscosity thus may vary within fairly wide ranges.
- the viscosity of the slurry can be adjusted by the addition of an organic or inorganic additive in a sufficient amount to result in a viscosity in the final slurry of about 1000 to 20,000 cps at a shear rate of 17 to 18 sec "1 and a temperature of 150° to 185°F.
- viscosity adjusters examples include nonionic surfactants, hydrotropes (e.g., sodium xyiene sulfonate) , polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and inorganic salts (e.g., Na 2 S0 4 ) .
- This viscosity adjuster may be introduced into the water at the beginning or optionally during the process or may even be added after the anionic precursor but it is preferably added prior to most of the zeolite or other builder solids to insure proper fluidity.
- the viscosity adjuster may also be put into any of the additives as a mixture and added in this way.
- the amount of viscosity adjuster employed is sufficient to insure slurry fluidity and varied from about 0.5% of the slurry weight to about 30% of the slurry weight. It also must be realised that when an anionic sulfated or sulfonated precursor is prepared, a certain amount of free or acidic sulfate will be formed. Due to these impurities in the precursor, some sulfate salt will be present. In normal commercial products, this is usually insufficient to fully fluidize the slurry.
- the slurry should contain a nonionic surfactant.
- the nonionic surfactant will be an ethoxylated or ethoxylated propoxylated primary or secondary linear or branched chain alcohol having a carbon chain length in the hydrophobic portion of from 5 to 25, and containing from about 5 to about 35 moles of ethylene/oxide and/or propylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
- examples of such materials are ethoxylates the Dobanol and Neodol (Registered Trade Mark) alcohols, sold by Shell Chemicals and the Tergitol (Registered Trade Mark) ethoxylated alcohols sold by Union Carbide Corporation.
- nonionic surfactants can also be used, alkyl phenol ethoxylates for example, including in particular the reaction products of alkylene osices, usually ethylene oxide, with alkyl (C 6 -C 22 ) phenols, generally 5-25 EO, i.e. 5-25 units of ethylene oxide per molecule; and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylene diamine.
- alkyl phenol ethoxylates for example, including in particular the reaction products of alkylene osices, usually ethylene oxide, with alkyl (C 6 -C 22 ) phenols, generally 5-25 EO, i.e. 5-25 units of ethylene oxide per molecule; and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylene diamine.
- nonionic surfact-actives that may be used include alkyl polyglycosides, long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary
- the amount of nonionic in the final powder will be about 5 to 50%, preferably 10 to 30%.
- Anionic surfactants which may be formed from precursors (e.g., sulfonic acids) are also essential.
- Typical anionic surfactants include sodium alkylbenzene sulphonates, sodium alkyl sulphates, sodium alkane sulphonates and sodium alkyl ether sulphates. More particularly, C 8 -C 24 primary and secondary alkyl or alcohol sulfates C 8 -C 24 secondary alkane sulfonates, C 8 -C 24 olefin sulfonates, C 10 -C 22 soaps and the like may be employed, preferably, sodium or potassium alkylbenzene sulfonates or alkyl sulfates are employed.
- alkylbenzene -sulfonates are sodium C ⁇ -C ⁇ 5 alkylbenzene sulfonates.
- Suitable alkyl sulfates are C ⁇ -C 15 alkyl sulfates, although other alkyl sulfates and sulfonates outside this carbon chain length range, may also be used.
- the acid form of the precursor is neutralized in the mixture with sodium, potassium or ammonium hydroxide.
- the amount of anionic in the final powder will be about 5 to 50%, preferably about 10 to 40%.
- the method of preparation of the blend is important . Simple admixture of normally 50% aqueous neutralized alkylbenzene sulphonate paste and liquid nonionic surfactant in the desired proportions will give not a mobile isotropic liquid but a highly viscous gel which is difficult to handle. Liquid nonionic surfactant may be gradually added to an alkylbenzene sulphonate paste (neutral salt) which will typically have an active matter content of about 50% by weight. The resulting viscous material, containing more than 10% water, is then heated to a sufficiently high temperature for a sufficient period of time for the water content to fall below 10% by evaporation. A clear mobile liquid is obtained and this remains clear and mobile when allowed to cool to ambient temperature.
- alkylbenzene sulphonic acid may be mixed with nonionic surfactant, and the mixture treated with concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide to effect partial or complete neutralization.
- Mixtures fluid at 20° to 80°C and containing about 6 to 7% by weight of water may be produced by this method.
- the alkylbenzene sulphonic acid starting material may be in partially neutralized form.
- compositions containing anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant and water in relatively high amounts up to about 35% may be prepared containing sodium or potassium hydroxide in excess of that necessary to neutralize the anionic sulfonic acid if a precursor is used.
- These compositions are sufficiently mobile at temperatures no higher than about 90°C.
- the blends employed are liquid surfactant compositions mobile at a temperature within the range of about 15° to 90°C or if the anionic to nonionic ratio is appropriate and the type of nonionic is appropriate even down to about 5°C.
- This composition contains preferably; (a) a sodium or potassium salt of an alkylbenzene sulfonate or alkyl sulfate in an amount not exceeding 80% by weight and preferably 5 to 80% or even 20% to 60% by weight,
- Viscosity of the blend is extremely important since for ease of operation any composition must be capable of being processed. Typically, the viscosity of such compositions is about 50 centipoise to 5000 centipoise at a temperature of 60°C or even somewhat higher.
- compositions having a ration of anionic surfactant to nonionic surfactant of 0.125:1 to 4:1 may be employed but 1:1 to 3:1 are of especial interest.
- an improvement with regard to the processability properties may be obtained in the blend if 0.5-80% by weight of a C 8 -C 22 fatty acid is incorporated in the liquid surfactant composition.
- the blend provides a liquid surfactant composition which is mobile at a temperature within the range of 20 to 80°C and which comprises a sodium or potassium salt of an alkylbenzene sulfphonate or alkyl sulphate in an amount preferably not exceeding 70% by weight; an ethoxylated nonionic surfactant in an amount preferably not exceeding 80% by weight; and water in an amount preferably not exceeding 20% by weight, more preferably not exceeding 10% by weight; characterized in that it further comprises 0.5 to 80% by weight of a fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
- a process for the manufacture of the above liquid surfactant composition by mixing said nonionic surfactant with a concentrated aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution having about 80% to 98% of the stoichiometric amount of said alkali metal hydroxide necessary to neutralize an acid precursor of said sulphate or sulphonate, to form a nonionic alkali dispersion; mixing said acid precursor with said dispersion form a blend; adjusting the pH to about 7; and then mixing the blend with the fatty acid to form the mobile composition.
- the compositions include in addition 0.5-70%, preferably 2- 15%, more preferably 2-7% by weight of a fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. It is preferred if the fatty acid possesses 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and more in particular 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
- a suitable fatty acid is coconut fatty acid.
- Selected builder materials are added to the slurry.
- the builders are preferably zeolite and/or sodium carbonate.
- Other substantially solution materials which have a detergency builder action may be used by including them in the slurry.
- these builders may be added by post dosing to the composition produced by the spray-drying step.
- substantially soluble detergency builders are sodium tiproly-, pyro- and orothophosphates, sodium citrate and various organic detergency builders such as sodium nitrilotriacetate, ODS; TMS/TDS homopolymers of acrylic acid and copolymers of acrylic and maleic acids.
- Substantially insoluble builders are, for example, sodium aluminosilicates including zeolites, crystalline, amorphous, as well as calcite, and the like.
- Generally detergency builders will be present in amounts of from 5 to 70% by weight of the final product, amounts of from 25 to 40% by weight being more general.
- the slurries can also contain a number of optional components such as lather controllers, anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethlycellulose, fabric softening agents such as quaternary ammonium salts either alone or in combination with clays, anti-ashing aids, starches, slurry stabiliziers such as homopolymers of acrylic acid and copolymers of acrylic acid and maleic acid; ethylene and maleic anhydride, and of vinyl methyl ether and maleic anhydride, usually in salt form; antioxidants and fluorescers.
- lather controllers anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethlycellulose
- fabric softening agents such as quaternary ammonium salts either alone or in combination with clays
- anti-ashing aids starches
- slurry stabiliziers such as homopolymers of acrylic acid and copolymers of acrylic acid and maleic acid; ethylene and maleic anhydride, and of vinyl methyl ether and maleic anhydride, usually in salt form;
- the spray-dried powder produced can be dosed with ingredients that are incompatible with the spray-drying process conditions in the amounts required to produce a finished powder.
- Components may be incompatible for many reasons, including heat sensitivity, pH sensitivity, degradation in aqueous systems and the like.
- the usual heat-sensitive zwitterionic surfactants such as derivatives of alphiphatic quanternary ammonium phosphonium acid, sulphonium compounds in which one of the aliphatic constituents contains an anionic water solubilizing group may be added.
- Additional components which may be added in this manner are sodium perborate mono- and tetrahydrates, sodium percarbonates and acid bleach precursors such as tetracetylethylene diamine, tetracetylglycouril and sodium nonyl oxybenzene sulphonate, perfumes, enzymes and composite adjuncts.
- acid bleach precursors such as tetracetylethylene diamine, tetracetylglycouril and sodium nonyl oxybenzene sulphonate
- perfumes enzymes and composite adjuncts.
- the process is especially suitable for use where it is intended to add composite adjuncts to the spray-dried powder in a dry-dosing step, since such adjuncts normally have very high bulk density and tend to separate from lighter powders.
- composite adjuncts are antifoam granules, for instance, granules based on a starch core having a coating of a mixture of liquid and waxy hydrocarbons; composite colored speckles prepared in any way, e.g., containing spray-dried base powder granulated with a colored binder solution; and adjuncts containing calcium carbonate seed crystals such as high surface area calcite (80-90 m 2 g _1 ) .
- the mixer includes a Lightnin (R) A-320 impeller to promote mixing. 252 lbs. of water is charged into the mixer and heated to 100-120°F. The agitator is set at 40 RPM. 121 lbs. of 50% caustic solution (enough for the neutralisation reactions of precursor alkylbenzene sulfonic acid and citric acid) is added next while maintaining the agitator at about 40 RPM. A temperature rise to 130-140°F is observed.
- R Lightnin
- nonionic surfactant in this case, Neodol 25-7, a 7EO nonionic
- the temperature is observed to decrease approximately 10°F to 120-130°F.
- the agitator may be increased to about 50 RPM, 196 lbs. of alkylbenzene sulfonic acid is then added.
- the acid neutralizes the temperature increases and the mixture turns from a transparent emulsion to a brown liquid to a white paste. As the mixture reaches the white paste stage, the slurry mixture becomes significantly thicker.
- the temperature increase from the neutralisation reaction is about 30-40°F resulting in a slurry temperature of 160-165°F.
- citric acid for example, Citrosol ⁇ R 503, a 50% solution
- a 50% solution is charged into the mixer.
- a second neutralisation reaction takes place and the temperature rises 10-20°F to 175-185°F.
- Increasing the agitation to about 70 RPM and a two minute hold time is beneficial after the citric acid addition in order to facilitate mixing and completion of the reaction.
- 58 lbs. of sodium sulfate, a viscosity adjuster is added at this point. A few minutes may be necessary for complete mixing of the sodium sulfate. No effective temperature change is observed.
- 0.16 lbs. of Silicone defoamer is added in order to help remove entrapped air bubbles from the slurry. Removal of entrapped air results in a denser slurry which in turn will result in a denser spray-dried powder.
- the agitator should be increased to about 80 RPM.
- a powder is prepared from the slurry of this invention containing the following ingredients:
- This slurry formulation will yield an approximate Slurry Moisture Content (SMC) of 30%. Water losses due to evaporation may result in a lower SMC measuremen . Extra water can be added to compensate.
- SMC Slurry Moisture Content
- compositions of Example I, II, III and IV A through F all use separate mixing of the anionic and nonionic actives.
- Example IVG is a prepared neutralized blend.
- the surfactant mixtures were prepared as taught herein. Premanufactured or prepared blends either neutralized or not could be employed in place of the individual addition.
- the blends may be prepared as follows:
- Nonionic surfactant (C 12 -C 15 alcohol ethoxylates),
- N13EO Nonionic surfactant (C 12 -C 14 alcohol ethoxylates) , Shell trademark Neodol 25-3
- the neutralized mobile liquid surfactant mixture listed in Example V is prepared by mixing the nonionic surfactant with the indicated amount of concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (50 w/w%) and subsequently mixing with alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, Stepan Bio-Soft S-100.
- Examples V-VII indicate that a higher NaOH content maintains the liquid state for a higher level of water present in the composition. The percentages reported in the following Table are based on the final total content of materials.
- liquid surfactant mixtures are prepared by mixing the nonionic surfactant with concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (50 w/w%) in an amount stoichiometric to the alkylbenzene sulfonic acid plus the excess quantity of NaOH solution. This mixture is then mixed with the alkylbenzene sulfonic acid. The viscosity is measured by a Contraves Rheomat model 108E at room temperature. Examples VIII-X demonstrate the effect of the excess of sodium hydroxide in reducing the viscosity of the surfactant compositions.
- the following mobile liquid surfactant mixtures are prepared by mixing the nonionic surfactant with concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (50% w/v) in an amount which is slightly less than stoichiometric to the alkylbenzene sulphonic acid, adding the C 10 -C 13 alkyl benzene sulphonic acid and then a small amount of a 50% (w/v) sodium hydroxide solution to bring the pH to a value of about 8. Due to the exothermic neutralization reaction, the temperature is raised to about 80°C.
- the pH of the mixtures of Examples XII-XV was between 5.5 and 7 at a temperature of about 80°C.
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Abstract
On prépare des poudres détergentes de masse volumique en vrac élevée, qui contiennent des agents tensioactifs anioniques et non ioniques et des adjuvants, en séchant par pulvérisation une pâte à faible teneur en humidité qui contient des agents tensioactifs intervenant à l'état liquide pour mettre en suspension des solides inorganiques englobant des adjuvants sélectionnés. L'adjonction éventuelle d'un modulateur de viscosité améliore leur faculté de mise en ÷uvre.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US94199592A | 1992-09-08 | 1992-09-08 | |
US94151092A | 1992-09-08 | 1992-09-08 | |
US941995 | 1992-09-08 | ||
US941510 | 1992-09-08 | ||
PCT/EP1993/002340 WO1994005767A1 (fr) | 1992-09-08 | 1993-08-28 | Composition de detergent et procede de production |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0659208A1 true EP0659208A1 (fr) | 1995-06-28 |
Family
ID=27130160
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP93919218A Withdrawn EP0659208A1 (fr) | 1992-09-08 | 1993-08-28 | Composition de detergent et procede de production |
Country Status (6)
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EP (1) | EP0659208A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH08501118A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU688277B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9307023A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2143869C (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1994005767A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE4425968A1 (de) * | 1994-07-25 | 1996-02-01 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tensidgranulaten |
GB2318584A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 1998-04-29 | Procter & Gamble | Process for preparing detergent compositions by spray drying |
DE10212169A1 (de) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-10-02 | Sued Chemie Ag | Waschmittelzusatz mit hohem Gehalt an nichtionischen Tensiden und schnellem Auflösevermögen |
AU2003227595A1 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2003-11-03 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Foam control agents |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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ATE10010T1 (de) * | 1981-03-20 | 1984-11-15 | Unilever Nv | Verfahren zur herstellung von reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen, die natriumaluminiumsilikate enthalten. |
ES8607378A1 (es) * | 1984-08-06 | 1986-05-16 | Kao Corp | Una composicion detergente en polvo de gran densidad |
DE3545947A1 (de) * | 1985-12-23 | 1987-07-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Phosphatfreies, granulares waschmittel |
DE3630533A1 (de) * | 1986-09-08 | 1988-03-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Neue tensidgemische und ihre verwendung |
GB8625104D0 (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1986-11-26 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
GB8626082D0 (en) * | 1986-10-31 | 1986-12-03 | Unilever Plc | Detergent powders |
US4923630A (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1990-05-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Extractant composition |
GB9008013D0 (en) * | 1990-04-09 | 1990-06-06 | Unilever Plc | High bulk density granular detergent compositions and process for preparing them |
-
1993
- 1993-08-28 CA CA002143869A patent/CA2143869C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-08-28 WO PCT/EP1993/002340 patent/WO1994005767A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-08-28 BR BR9307023A patent/BR9307023A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-08-28 EP EP93919218A patent/EP0659208A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-08-28 JP JP6506859A patent/JPH08501118A/ja active Pending
- 1993-08-28 AU AU49553/93A patent/AU688277B2/en not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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See references of WO9405767A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPH08501118A (ja) | 1996-02-06 |
WO1994005767A1 (fr) | 1994-03-17 |
AU4955393A (en) | 1994-03-29 |
CA2143869C (fr) | 2000-02-29 |
BR9307023A (pt) | 1999-06-29 |
AU688277B2 (en) | 1998-03-12 |
CA2143869A1 (fr) | 1994-03-17 |
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