EP0658693A1 - A seal housing - Google Patents

A seal housing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0658693A1
EP0658693A1 EP94850196A EP94850196A EP0658693A1 EP 0658693 A1 EP0658693 A1 EP 0658693A1 EP 94850196 A EP94850196 A EP 94850196A EP 94850196 A EP94850196 A EP 94850196A EP 0658693 A1 EP0658693 A1 EP 0658693A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seal
cavity
notch
housing
pump impeller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94850196A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0658693B1 (en
Inventor
Johan Fondelius
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xylem Water Solutions AB
Original Assignee
ITT Flygt AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ITT Flygt AB filed Critical ITT Flygt AB
Publication of EP0658693A1 publication Critical patent/EP0658693A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0658693B1 publication Critical patent/EP0658693B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
    • F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/12—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings
    • F04D29/126—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/128—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings especially adapted for liquid pumps with special means for adducting cooling or sealing fluid

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a seal housing for a seal device, such as a mechanical face seal, arranged between the hydraulic part and the driving motor in a pump of the centrifugal type.
  • a seal device such as a mechanical face seal
  • a conventional centrifugal pump comprises a driving unit, such as an electric motor and a pump housing connected via a driving shaft.
  • a driving unit such as an electric motor
  • a pump housing connected via a driving shaft.
  • some sort of seal is arranged between the pump housing and the motor.
  • a common seal is the so-called mechanical face seal which consists of a rotary and a stationary seal ring which are pressed towards each other by spring force.
  • a seal of this type is very effective as long as the two seal surfaces are even and undamaged.
  • an arrangement consisting of two mechanical seals and an intermediate oil room. In this way one of the seals will always be lubricated and cooled by clean oil and the risk for damages is decreased.
  • the seal that is heading the pump housing here called the lower seal, will however always be exposed to the pumped medium and damages can easily occur if the medium contains wearing particles. This is very common in mines and certain other industrial areas.
  • the lower seal is normally mounted in a cavity which has a cylindrical or conical form. If conical, the part with the longer diameter is heading the pump housing. This form has manufacturing reasons, but it is also based on the theory that particles that enter the cavity shall be thrown out again by centrifugal force. It turns out however, that pollutions are concentrated at the inner part of the cavity, where they may damage the seal surfaces as well as the cavity walls. This phenomenon also occurs in seal housings where the cavity has a cylinder formed shape.
  • the concentration of pollutions depends on the fact that rotation of the pumped medium generates secondary flows of such a nature that rotating surfaces obtain a radially outwards directed flow, while stationary surfaces obtain a radially inwards directed flow which is superposed the tangentially directed flow.
  • Particles within the seal housing will be thrown outwards to the cylindrical or conical surface by centrifugal force, the boundary layer flow along that surface then directing particles within the seal housing towards the seal.
  • the particles are not transported back to the pump impeller at the outlet of the seal housing as the backwards directed flow is weaker than the inwards directed flow and because of the fact that the centrifugal force again throws the particles towards the inwards directed boundary layer flow.
  • the result is that particles that once have entered the seal housing will never leave it, but are concentrated in the inner part of the housing where they cause wear of the housing and the seal.
  • Fig 1 shows a schematic cut through a centrifugal pump
  • Fig 2 shows flow patterns in conventional pump housings
  • Figs 3 and 4 show two different embodiments of a seal cavity according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 stands for a driving unit and 2 the hydraulic unit in a pump with a pump impeller 3 connected to the driving unit via a shaft 4, while 5 stands for an intermediate seal housing.
  • 6 stands for a seal cavity with a mechanical face seal 7.
  • 8 and 9 stand for a rotary and a stationary seal ring respectively, 10 spring means, 11 a notch or a shoulder on the mantle surface 12 of the cavity and 13 finally stands for an insert part.
  • the cavity is designed with an increasing area in the direction of the pump impeller 3.
  • the mantle surface is provided with a notch or a shoulder 11 which goes along the surface in an essentially spiral or helix pattern.
  • the particles that have entered the cavity 6 are transported by the boundary layer flows towards the bottom of the cavity.
  • the particles hit the notch or shoulder 11 they are forced by the boundary layer flows to move radially inwards to be able to pass the notch.
  • said transport is prevented by centrifugal force.
  • the particles will instead be caught by the notch and follow that in a direction out of the cavity towards the pump impeller 3, provided that the notch has an outwards feeding direction.
  • the notch, or the shoulder may have various inclinations and profiles and also several notches or shoulders are possible according to the spirit of the invention.
  • the cavity has a plane mantle surface, the notch or the shoulder being provided by a separate detail 13.
  • the cavity is designed with an increasing area towards the pump impeller. This is to prefer for manufacturing reasons.
  • the principle is however also valid for a cylinder formed cavity and even for a cavity having a decreasing area towards the pump impeller.

Abstract

The invention concerns a seal housing for a mechanical seal device.
The latter is arranged within a cavity (6) provided with a spiral notch (11) at its mantle surface for feeding particles in the liquid in a direction away from the seal means (7).

Description

  • The invention concerns a seal housing for a seal device, such as a mechanical face seal, arranged between the hydraulic part and the driving motor in a pump of the centrifugal type.
  • A conventional centrifugal pump comprises a driving unit, such as an electric motor and a pump housing connected via a driving shaft. In order to prevent the pumped medium from entering the electric motor via the shaft and cause damage, some sort of seal is arranged between the pump housing and the motor. A common seal is the so-called mechanical face seal which consists of a rotary and a stationary seal ring which are pressed towards each other by spring force.
  • A seal of this type is very effective as long as the two seal surfaces are even and undamaged. In order to secure a perfect sealing there is often used an arrangement consisting of two mechanical seals and an intermediate oil room. In this way one of the seals will always be lubricated and cooled by clean oil and the risk for damages is decreased.
  • The seal that is heading the pump housing, here called the lower seal, will however always be exposed to the pumped medium and damages can easily occur if the medium contains wearing particles. This is very common in mines and certain other industrial areas.
  • The lower seal is normally mounted in a cavity which has a cylindrical or conical form. If conical, the part with the longer diameter is heading the pump housing. This form has manufacturing reasons, but it is also based on the theory that particles that enter the cavity shall be thrown out again by centrifugal force. It turns out however, that pollutions are concentrated at the inner part of the cavity, where they may damage the seal surfaces as well as the cavity walls. This phenomenon also occurs in seal housings where the cavity has a cylinder formed shape.
  • The concentration of pollutions depends on the fact that rotation of the pumped medium generates secondary flows of such a nature that rotating surfaces obtain a radially outwards directed flow, while stationary surfaces obtain a radially inwards directed flow which is superposed the tangentially directed flow. Particles within the seal housing will be thrown outwards to the cylindrical or conical surface by centrifugal force, the boundary layer flow along that surface then directing particles within the seal housing towards the seal. The particles are not transported back to the pump impeller at the outlet of the seal housing as the backwards directed flow is weaker than the inwards directed flow and because of the fact that the centrifugal force again throws the particles towards the inwards directed boundary layer flow. The result is that particles that once have entered the seal housing will never leave it, but are concentrated in the inner part of the housing where they cause wear of the housing and the seal.
  • In order to diminish the risk for wear of the seal ring surfaces and the seal housing, there have been attempts to change the flow pattern in the seal area. An example is shown in the US Pat No 4872690, where an additional means is mounted which turns the flow and thus sometimes solves the problems.
  • According to the invention the problem to change the flow pattern in the seal area of a centrifugal pump is solved by help of the device stated in the claims.
  • The invention is disclosed below with reference to the enclosed drawings.
  • Fig 1 shows a schematic cut through a centrifugal pump, Fig 2 shows flow patterns in conventional pump housings, while Figs 3 and 4 show two different embodiments of a seal cavity according to the invention.
  • In the drawings 1 stands for a driving unit and 2 the hydraulic unit in a pump with a pump impeller 3 connected to the driving unit via a shaft 4, while 5 stands for an intermediate seal housing. 6 stands for a seal cavity with a mechanical face seal 7. 8 and 9 stand for a rotary and a stationary seal ring respectively, 10 spring means, 11 a notch or a shoulder on the mantle surface 12 of the cavity and 13 finally stands for an insert part.
  • As is shown in Fig 2 the liquid goes in loops in the seal cavity which means that wearing particles stay within the cavity. This means that there is a great risk that the damages described above will occur very quickly.
  • With reference to Fig 3 a device according to the invention is described. The cavity is designed with an increasing area in the direction of the pump impeller 3. The mantle surface is provided with a notch or a shoulder 11 which goes along the surface in an essentially spiral or helix pattern.
  • The particles that have entered the cavity 6 are transported by the boundary layer flows towards the bottom of the cavity. When the particles hit the notch or shoulder 11 they are forced by the boundary layer flows to move radially inwards to be able to pass the notch. By a suitable design of the notch said transport is prevented by centrifugal force. The particles will instead be caught by the notch and follow that in a direction out of the cavity towards the pump impeller 3, provided that the notch has an outwards feeding direction.
  • The notch, or the shoulder, may have various inclinations and profiles and also several notches or shoulders are possible according to the spirit of the invention. According to a special embodiment shown in Fig 4, the cavity has a plane mantle surface, the notch or the shoulder being provided by a separate detail 13.
  • In the description the cavity is designed with an increasing area towards the pump impeller. This is to prefer for manufacturing reasons. The principle is however also valid for a cylinder formed cavity and even for a cavity having a decreasing area towards the pump impeller.

Claims (4)

1 A device at a seal housing for a rotary machine such as a pump or a mixer for liquids, which comprises a driving motor (1) a hydraulic part (2) with a rotary impeller (3) or propeller connected to the motor via a shaft (4) and a seal housing (5) between the motor and the hydraulic part which housing contains at least one seal such as a mechanical face seal arranged within a cavity (6) in the seal housing, characterized in that the cavity (6), which is open towards the pump impeller (3) or the propeller, has a mantle surface (12) which is provided with at least one internal notch or shoulder (11) which goes along a part of or entire turns, the notch or shoulder (11) having such a winding direction that the part of the liquid present near the mantle surface (12) is fed in the direction of the pump impeller (3) by the rotary movement that the liquid obtains when the shaft and the seal parts (8) and (10) rotate.
2 A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity (6) has an increasing area in the direction of the pump impeller (3).
3 A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity (6) has an unchanged or decreasing area in the direction of the pump impeller (3).
4 A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity (6) has a plane mantle surface and that the notch or the shoulder (11) is formed as an insert part (13).
EP94850196A 1993-11-17 1994-11-02 A seal housing Expired - Lifetime EP0658693B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9303791A SE505262C2 (en) 1993-11-17 1993-11-17 Sealing
SE9303791 1993-11-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0658693A1 true EP0658693A1 (en) 1995-06-21
EP0658693B1 EP0658693B1 (en) 1998-03-11

Family

ID=20391774

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94850196A Expired - Lifetime EP0658693B1 (en) 1993-11-17 1994-11-02 A seal housing

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (2) US5513856A (en)
EP (1) EP0658693B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3724826B2 (en)
AU (1) AU674453B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9404468A (en)
CA (1) CA2135713C (en)
DE (1) DE69408951T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0658693T3 (en)
FI (1) FI101008B (en)
SE (1) SE505262C2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA949061B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0807776A1 (en) * 1996-05-15 1997-11-19 ITT Flygt Aktiebolag A seal housing
FR2765923A1 (en) * 1997-07-14 1999-01-15 Tsurumi Manufacturing Co Ltd Immersion pump oil chamber shaft seal
WO2013017181A1 (en) * 2011-08-04 2013-02-07 Wilo Se Multi-stage centrifugal pump having a collecting chamber

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4776851B2 (en) * 2000-07-19 2011-09-21 株式会社鶴見製作所 Lubricating oil retaining device for sliding surface of oil chamber shaft seal device in submersible pump
DE10103575B4 (en) * 2000-12-05 2006-05-11 Emu Unterwasserpumpen Gmbh Pump or stirrer has impeller or propeller mounted in cup-shaped housing, propeller hub having spiral rib around it and space between hub and housing widening towards top of housing
US6877950B2 (en) 2001-11-29 2005-04-12 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Method and device for minimizing oil consumption in a gas turbine engine
US7555658B2 (en) * 2004-09-30 2009-06-30 Regents Of The University Of California Embedded electronics building blocks for user-configurable monitor/control networks
US10113644B2 (en) * 2014-08-29 2018-10-30 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Self-lubricating and draining, contacting face, rotating shaft seal

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1800888A1 (en) * 1967-10-06 1969-05-08 Konink Nl Machf Voorheen E H B Pump seal
DE3137692A1 (en) * 1980-09-23 1982-04-22 Scanpump AB, 43102 Mölndal Device on seals, e.g. for the shafts in centrifugal pumps
US5188509A (en) * 1990-07-31 1993-02-23 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Water pump for internal combustion engine
US5195867A (en) * 1992-03-05 1993-03-23 Barrett, Haentjens & Co. Slurry pump shaft seal flushing

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1826057A (en) * 1928-05-19 1931-10-06 James G Dobbins Packing ring for pumps
US2329990A (en) * 1942-02-12 1943-09-21 Ingersoll Rand Co Sealing device
US3004782A (en) * 1957-11-13 1961-10-17 Garrett Corp Shaft seal
US3076412A (en) * 1959-03-04 1963-02-05 Bell & Gossett Co Method and apparatus for maintaining rotating pump seals
US3273906A (en) * 1963-08-15 1966-09-20 James A Pennington Rotating shaft seal
US3693985A (en) * 1971-05-12 1972-09-26 Arthur M Dillner End face fluid seal unit
JPS55151196A (en) * 1979-05-16 1980-11-25 Hitachi Ltd Vertical type pump
US4243230A (en) * 1979-10-01 1981-01-06 Crane Packing Co. Low energy tandem seal
JPH0247314Y2 (en) * 1987-06-26 1990-12-12
US5336048A (en) * 1992-12-22 1994-08-09 Goulds Pumps, Incorporated Fluid directing device for seal chamber
US5553868A (en) * 1994-11-03 1996-09-10 Dunford; Joseph R. Seal cavity throat bushing
US8230077B2 (en) * 2008-06-06 2012-07-24 International Business Machines Corporation Hypervisor-based facility for communicating between a hardware management console and a logical partition

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1800888A1 (en) * 1967-10-06 1969-05-08 Konink Nl Machf Voorheen E H B Pump seal
DE3137692A1 (en) * 1980-09-23 1982-04-22 Scanpump AB, 43102 Mölndal Device on seals, e.g. for the shafts in centrifugal pumps
US5188509A (en) * 1990-07-31 1993-02-23 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Water pump for internal combustion engine
US5195867A (en) * 1992-03-05 1993-03-23 Barrett, Haentjens & Co. Slurry pump shaft seal flushing

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0807776A1 (en) * 1996-05-15 1997-11-19 ITT Flygt Aktiebolag A seal housing
AU709408B2 (en) * 1996-05-15 1999-08-26 Itt Flygt Ab A seal housing
FR2765923A1 (en) * 1997-07-14 1999-01-15 Tsurumi Manufacturing Co Ltd Immersion pump oil chamber shaft seal
WO2013017181A1 (en) * 2011-08-04 2013-02-07 Wilo Se Multi-stage centrifugal pump having a collecting chamber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2135713A1 (en) 1995-05-18
ZA949061B (en) 1995-07-19
USRE35909E (en) 1998-09-29
FI945419A0 (en) 1994-11-17
SE505262C2 (en) 1997-07-28
EP0658693B1 (en) 1998-03-11
CA2135713C (en) 2000-03-07
SE9303791L (en) 1995-05-18
FI101008B (en) 1998-03-31
US5513856A (en) 1996-05-07
DE69408951T2 (en) 1998-07-09
AU7765894A (en) 1995-05-25
AU674453B2 (en) 1996-12-19
DE69408951D1 (en) 1998-04-16
FI945419A (en) 1995-05-18
JP3724826B2 (en) 2005-12-07
BR9404468A (en) 1995-07-11
SE9303791D0 (en) 1993-11-17
DK0658693T3 (en) 1998-04-06
JPH07280104A (en) 1995-10-27

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