EP0656046A4 - Concentrated liquid detergent composition comprising an alkyl ether sulphate and a process for making the composition. - Google Patents
Concentrated liquid detergent composition comprising an alkyl ether sulphate and a process for making the composition.Info
- Publication number
- EP0656046A4 EP0656046A4 EP93920103A EP93920103A EP0656046A4 EP 0656046 A4 EP0656046 A4 EP 0656046A4 EP 93920103 A EP93920103 A EP 93920103A EP 93920103 A EP93920103 A EP 93920103A EP 0656046 A4 EP0656046 A4 EP 0656046A4
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- neutralisation
- sulphate
- weight
- alkaline earth
- earth metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- -1 alkyl ether sulphate Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- GHPCICSQWQDZLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl-1-methyl-3-propylurea Chemical compound CCCNC(=O)N(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GHPCICSQWQDZLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052920 inorganic sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- XLKHNPCAOOJLJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=1(C(=CC=CC1)S(=O)(=O)O)C(C)C.C(C(C)O)O Chemical compound C=1(C(=CC=CC1)S(=O)(=O)O)C(C)C.C(C(C)O)O XLKHNPCAOOJLJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- JBVOQKNLGSOPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-ylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O JBVOQKNLGSOPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005011 alkyl ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001504 inorganic chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GIPRGFRQMWSHAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-propan-2-ylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O GIPRGFRQMWSHAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurochloridic acid Chemical compound OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/04—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents by chemical means, e.g. by sulfonating in the presence of other compounding ingredients followed by neutralising
Definitions
- This invention provides a stable concentrated aqueous or aqueous/alcohol solution of an alkyl ether sulphate useful as a component in formulating cleaning products especially dish washing liquids.
- the solution contains alkaline earth metal ions, which are known to boost performance of dish washing formulations, but very few or no chloride or sulphate ions, which have a detrimental effect on the stability of concentrated solutions and on finished products made from said concentrated solutions.
- the invention also describes a two-stage neutralising process for making such compositions.
- composition may be used as a finished product in its own right, but preferably it will be mixed with other ingredients to produce a finished product. It is intended that the sulphating/neutralising processes may be carried out at locations remote from the sites were the finished product is blended. This allows for economical and flexible manufacturing and transportation.
- compositions contain at least 1% of a semi polar nonionic surfactant
- EP 039110 published November 4th, 1981, says that chloride and sulphate ions should be avoided or minimised because additional chloride or sulphate ions can increase the chill point temperature (the temperature at which inorganic salts precipitate as crystals in the finished product) .
- EP 039110 deals with compositions of alkyl ether sulphate in combination with other surfactants, especially linear alkyl benzene sulphonate and alkyl sulphate in finished products. These finished products are not concentrated, and therefore the level of alkyl ether sulphate is around 10%. Neutralisation with mixed sodium/magnesium cations is disclosed.
- EP 181212 published on May 14th, 1986, discloses that neutralisation of the alkyl ether sulphuric acid and the alkyl sulphuric acid can be carried out with the appropriate alkali or with a magnesium oxide or hydroxide slurry which avoids the addition of chloride or sulphate ions.
- This publication also describes detergent compositions comprising 22% to 65% by weight of a surfactant system composed of a mixture of anionic, nonionic, and zwitterionic surfactants in an organic solubiliser/hydrotrope-water medium. However this disclosure is limited to less than 24% by weight of alkyl ether sulphate.
- the composition contains alkaline earth metal ions which are known performance boosters in dish washing liquids.
- the compositions contain a very low level, of chloride or sulphate ions.
- An aqueous solution comprising from 50% to 90% by weight of alkyl ether sulphate which is associated with counterions chosen from alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions or ammonium ions, or mixtures thereof, and which comprises at least 0.5% by weight of alkaline earth metal, preferably magnesium, ions and low levels of chloride or sulphate ions.
- alkaline earth metal preferably magnesium, ions and low levels of chloride or sulphate ions.
- the molar ratio of the alkaline earth metal to (the sum of chloride and inorganic sulphate) is greater than 1:1, preferably greater than 3:2.
- compositions may be made by a neutralisation process comprising two stages.
- the acid form of the alkyl ether sulphate is partly neutralised by a slurry of alkaline earth metal hydroxide, preferably magnesium hydroxide or alkaline earth metal, preferably magnesium oxide.
- alkaline earth metal hydroxide preferably magnesium hydroxide or alkaline earth metal, preferably magnesium oxide.
- further neutralisation is carried out in the presence of another alkali, such as sodium hydroxide.
- either a short chain alcohol, a hydrotrope, or other surfactants may be present in either or both stages of the neutralisation for viscosity control and improved stability of the product.
- Detergent compositions in accordance with the present invention comprise from 50% to 90% by weight, preferably
- compositions comprise low levels of chloride or sulphate.
- sulphate means SO4 2 -, either as an ion or as an i' ganic salt. The term excludes the sulphates of ethoxylated alcohols or other organic surfactants
- the composition may also comprise from 0% to 20% of a short chain alcohol, a hydrotrope, other surfactants or a mixture of these.
- a short chain alcohol e.g., ethanol or propylene glycol
- the hydrotrope is preferably an anionic aromatic hydrotrope such as cumene sulphonate, xylene sulphonate, or urea
- other surfactant is preferably chosen from nonionic surfactant, polyethylene glycol or betaine.
- the alkyl ether sulphate component comprises a primary alkyl ether sulphate derived from the condensation product of a C10-C20 alcohol with an average of up to 8 ethylene oxide groups.
- the alcohol itself can be obtained from natural fats or Ziegler olefin build-up or OXO synthesis.
- Examples of synthetically derived materials include Dobanol 23 R , sold by Shell Chemicals (UK) Ltd., Ethyl 24 R sold by Ethyl Corp., a blend of C13-C15 alcohols in the ratio of 67% C13, 33% C15 sold under the trade name Lutensol by BASF GmbH and Synprol R from ICI pic, and Lial 125 R sold by Liquiche ica R Italia.
- Examples of naturally occurring materials from which the alcohols can be derived are coconut oil and palm kernel oil and the corresponding fatty acids.
- C12-15 alkyl ether sulphates are preferred, and C12-13 alkyl ether sulphates are most preferred.
- Blends can be made of material having different degrees of ethoxylation and/or different ethoxylate distributions arising from the specific ethoxylation techniques employed and subsequent processing steps such as distillation.
- the average number of ethoxylate groups per molecule of alkyl ether sulphate should be less than 8, and preferably less than 4.
- a average ethoxylation level of about 0.8 is particularly suitable for use in this invention.
- Sulphation of the alcohol ethoxylate can employ any of the conventional sulphating agents such as sulphur trioxide or chlorosulphonic acid.
- the sulphation process may be carried out in a falling film reactor, or in a batch reactor, or in any other suitable sulphating equipment.
- a continuous process using a falling film reactor is preferred in order to minimise degradation of the unstable acid surfactant prior to neutralisation.
- the neutralisation process of the present invention is carried out in two stages.
- the acid form of the sulphated ethoxylated alcohol is partly neutralised by a slurry of alkaline earth metal, preferably magnesium, hydroxide or alkaline earth metal, preferably magnesium oxide, preferably with a solids content of at least 30%.
- the neutralisation is preferably carried out continuously using a conventional neutralisation loop comprising a high shear mixer in which the acid and base are rapidly and intimately mixed, a pump and a heat exchanger. Some of the neutralised product is then allowed to pass to the next process stage, whilst the rest is returned to the high shear mixer. Normally the fraction of product allowed to leave the loop and pass to the next processing stage is from 6% to 25% by weight, preferably from 9% to 17% by weight, whilst the remainder of the product continues around the loop.
- the product at the exit of the heat exchanger shall be less than pH , preferably about pH3.
- pH control may be effected by the addition of another alkaline solution into the first neutralisation loop, as well as the alkaline earth metal hydroxide/oxide.
- the additional alkaline solution if present, is sodium, potassium, or ammonium hydroxide solution.
- Viscosity may be controlled, if necessary, by addition of short chain alcohol, hydrotropes, or other ingredients commonly used in detergents, such as surfactants, into the first neutralisation loop.
- the concentration of the intermediate product leaving the neutralisation loop may be adjusted by the addition of water to the neutralisation loop.
- detergent ingredients may be added, such as nonionic surfactants and/or betaine.
- the intermediate product leaving the first neutralisation loop is then passed directly to a second neutralisation loop where the neutralisation is completed.
- the second neutralisation loop also comprises a high shear mixer, a pump and a heat exchanger.
- the intermediate product from the first heat exchanger is mixed with an alkaline solution in the high shear mixer in order to complete the neutralisation.
- the product leaving the neutralisation loop should be at least pH7, preferably from pH7 to pH9, most preferably about pH8.
- alkaline solution Any suitable alkaline solution may be used in the second neutralisation loop, preferred alkaline solutions are sodium, potassium and ammonium hydroxide.
- Short chain alcohols, hydrotropes, water or mixtures of these may also be added into the second neutralising loop, although it will generally be more advantageous to add these components via the first neutralisation loop.
- the detergent composition made by the present invention may be stored and transported as required by manufacturing operations.
- the compositions may then be mixed with additional detergent ingredients prior to packing and shipping to consumers.
- the additional detergent ingredients used will be chosen by the formulator from a wide range of active ingredients.
- additional surfactants which are anionic, nonionic, or zwitterionic in nature, suds promoting agents such as alkanolamides, opacifiers, thickeners, anti-tarnish agents, heavy metal chelating agents are all useful in a finished dish washing liquid composition.
- the concentrated alkyl ether sulphate composition of the invention is blended with nonionic surfactant(s) in order to give formulations which are particularly suitable for dish washing liquids.
- Nonionic surfactant(s) may be present in compositions of the invention at levels of from 0% to 50% by weight.
- the present invention has been found to be particularly useful when used to make finished compositions which comprise nonionic surfactants based on polyhydroxy groups such as those derived from sugars.
- Nonionic surfactants of this type include polyhydroxy fatty acid amides and alkyl polyglucosides.
- the preferred polyhydroxy fatty acid amides include alkyl N-methyl glucamide in which the alkyl chain may contain between 8 and 22 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and in particular coconut N-methyl glucamide containing predominantly alkyl groups of 12 and 14 carbon atoms. Suitable processes for preparing these polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are disclosed in WO 92/06984.
- the preferred alkyl polyglucosides include those having an alkyl group containing from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms and a polyglucoside hydrophilic group containing, on average, from about 1.5 to 4 glucoside units.
- Suitable alkyl polyglucosides are dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, and octadecyl, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexa- glucosides and mixtures thereof. Further descriptions of alkyl poly glucosides are given in EP 70074.
- polyhydroxy fatty acid amide or alkyl poly glucoside, or mixtures thereof is present at a level of at least 1% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight.
- a detergent composition was made according to the present invention comprising:
- the acid form of the alkyl ether sulphate, with an average number of ethoxylate groups per molecule of alkyl ether sulphate of 0.8 was made by continuous sulphation of the corresponding ethoxylated alcohol on a falling film reactor.
- the alkyl chain was predominantly a mixture of C12 and C13 chain lengths (Dobanol 23 R , supplied by Shell) .
- the acid was injected into the high shear mixer of the first neutralisation loop at a rate of 1.5 tonnes/hour. All of the magnesium hydroxide needed for the final composition was added into the loop, along with 60% of the sodium hydroxide solution. The water and ethanol were also added into the first loop.
- the partly neutralised sulphate leaving the neutralisation loop, just after the exit of the heat exchanger had a temperature of 40°C and pH3. This sulphate was then injected directly into the high shear mixer of the second neutralisation loop.
- the remaining 40% of the sodium hydroxide solution was also pumped into the second loop, and neutralisation of the sulphate was completed.
- the product leaving the second neutralisation loop, after the heat exchanger had a temperature of 40°C and pH8.
- the product made in this example was analysed and found to contain 1.1% by weight of magnesium, 0.6% of chloride, and 1.0% of sulphate. Expressed in moles% this is 0.045mol% magnesium, 0.016mol% chloride and 0.01mol% sulphate.
- the molar ratio of magnesium to sulphate and chloride being (0.045) : (0.01 + 0.016) which is 1.7 : 1 (or 1 : 0.6). It was stable upon storage, showing no phase separation or viscosity drift even after storage at 50°C for one week.
- the high active surfactant composition of this example was further processed to make a finished product by mixing with an ethoxylated alcohol with an average of 8 ethoxylate groups per molecule and a carbon chain length of 10 (CIO AE8) , with a coconut N-methyl glucamide, and with other ingredients as defined below (all % are by weight of finished product) :
- the concentrated surfactant composition in example 1 was remade, replacing magnesium hydroxide by magnesium chloride in order to get the same level of magnesium (1.1%) in the surfactant composition:
- the product made in this example was analysed and found to contain 1.1% by weight of magnesium, 3.71% of chloride, and 0.32% of sulphate. Expressed in moles% this is 0.045mol% magnesium, 0.11mol% chloride and 0.003mol% sulphate. The molar ratio of magnesium to sulphate and chloride being (0.045) : (0.11 + 0.003) which is 1 : 2.5.
- the product made in this example was analysed and found to contain 2.2% by weight of magnesium, 6.9% of chloride, and 0.32% of sulphate. Expressed in moles% this is 0.092mol% magnesium, 0.2mol% chloride and 0.003mol% sulphate.
- the molar ratio of magnesium to sulphate and chloride being (0.092): (0.2 + 0.003) which is 1 : 2.2.
- This concentrated surfactant composition was not stable and showed phase separation.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP93920103A EP0656046A4 (en) | 1992-08-21 | 1993-08-12 | Concentrated liquid detergent composition comprising an alkyl ether sulphate and a process for making the composition. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP92202559 | 1992-08-21 | ||
EP92202559 | 1992-08-21 | ||
PCT/US1993/007700 WO1994004640A1 (en) | 1992-08-21 | 1993-08-12 | Concentrated liquid detergent composition comprising an alkyl ether sulphate and a process for making the composition |
EP93920103A EP0656046A4 (en) | 1992-08-21 | 1993-08-12 | Concentrated liquid detergent composition comprising an alkyl ether sulphate and a process for making the composition. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0656046A1 EP0656046A1 (en) | 1995-06-07 |
EP0656046A4 true EP0656046A4 (en) | 1995-09-20 |
Family
ID=8210873
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93920103A Ceased EP0656046A4 (en) | 1992-08-21 | 1993-08-12 | Concentrated liquid detergent composition comprising an alkyl ether sulphate and a process for making the composition. |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0656046A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH08500388A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1047615C (en) |
AU (1) | AU5015293A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9306927A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2142913C (en) |
MA (1) | MA22957A1 (en) |
TR (1) | TR27633A (en) |
TW (1) | TW246686B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1994004640A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9314410D0 (en) * | 1993-07-13 | 1993-08-25 | Jeyes Group Plc | Cleansing compositions |
DE69633116T3 (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 2009-07-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati | Dishwashing detergent with a reduced tendency to gel |
DE102005042604A1 (en) | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-08 | Basf Ag | Neutralization process |
DE102005042606A1 (en) | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-08 | Basf Ag | Neutralization process |
DE102005042605A1 (en) | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-08 | Basf Ag | Neutralization process |
JP5465872B2 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2014-04-09 | 花王株式会社 | Anionic surfactant composition |
EP3044297A1 (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2016-07-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process of making a liquid cleaning composition |
EP2975107A1 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2016-01-20 | Hayat Kimya Sanayi Anonim Sirketi | Hand dishwashing composition with improved foaming properties |
JP6688613B2 (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2020-04-28 | 株式会社ニイタカ | Liquid detergent composition |
EP4249578A1 (en) | 2022-03-07 | 2023-09-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Processes for making concentrated surfactant blends |
WO2023172859A1 (en) | 2022-03-07 | 2023-09-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Processes for making concentrated surfactant blends |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2296688A1 (en) * | 1975-01-06 | 1976-07-30 | Procter & Gamble | DETERGENT COMPOSITION CONTAINING A NON-IONIC SEMI-POLAR DETERGENT AND AN ANIONIC DETERGENT BASED ON AN ALKALINO-EARTH METAL |
FR2324723A1 (en) * | 1975-09-22 | 1977-04-15 | Kao Corp | DETERGENT COMPOSITION |
US4129515A (en) * | 1976-09-13 | 1978-12-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Heavy-duty liquid detergent and process |
GB2078246A (en) * | 1980-06-26 | 1982-01-06 | Procter & Gamble | Liquid detergent compositions |
EP0062371A1 (en) * | 1981-04-03 | 1982-10-13 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Liquid detergent compositions |
EP0107946A1 (en) * | 1982-10-28 | 1984-05-09 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Liquid detergent compositions |
WO1992006156A1 (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1992-04-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent compositions containing anionic surfactants, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides and magnesium |
WO1992006171A1 (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1992-04-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid detergent compositions |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4133779A (en) * | 1975-01-06 | 1979-01-09 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent composition containing semi-polar nonionic detergent and alkaline earth metal anionic detergent |
DE3168008D1 (en) * | 1980-04-24 | 1985-02-14 | Procter & Gamble | Liquid detergent compositions |
JPS6011593A (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-01-21 | ライオン株式会社 | Liquid detergent composition |
IE58219B1 (en) * | 1984-11-07 | 1993-08-11 | Procter & Gamble | Liquid detergent compositions |
US4923635A (en) * | 1987-07-06 | 1990-05-08 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Liquid detergent composition containing alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl ethanol ether sulfate, alkanolamide foam booster and magnesium and triethanolammonium ions |
US5096622A (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1992-03-17 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Liquid detergent composition containing alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl ethonal ether sulfate, alkanolamide foam booster and magnesium and triethanolammonium ions |
NZ240395A (en) * | 1990-11-21 | 1993-10-26 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Process for manufacture of concentrated liquid detergent containing magnesium alkylbenzene sulphonate and alkanolamide suds booster |
-
1993
- 1993-08-12 TR TR00720/93A patent/TR27633A/en unknown
- 1993-08-12 JP JP6506467A patent/JPH08500388A/en active Pending
- 1993-08-12 EP EP93920103A patent/EP0656046A4/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-08-12 AU AU50152/93A patent/AU5015293A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-08-12 WO PCT/US1993/007700 patent/WO1994004640A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-08-12 BR BR9306927A patent/BR9306927A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-08-12 CA CA002142913A patent/CA2142913C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-08-19 MA MA23264A patent/MA22957A1/en unknown
- 1993-08-21 CN CN93118314A patent/CN1047615C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-04 TW TW82109241A patent/TW246686B/zh active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2296688A1 (en) * | 1975-01-06 | 1976-07-30 | Procter & Gamble | DETERGENT COMPOSITION CONTAINING A NON-IONIC SEMI-POLAR DETERGENT AND AN ANIONIC DETERGENT BASED ON AN ALKALINO-EARTH METAL |
FR2324723A1 (en) * | 1975-09-22 | 1977-04-15 | Kao Corp | DETERGENT COMPOSITION |
US4129515A (en) * | 1976-09-13 | 1978-12-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Heavy-duty liquid detergent and process |
GB2078246A (en) * | 1980-06-26 | 1982-01-06 | Procter & Gamble | Liquid detergent compositions |
EP0062371A1 (en) * | 1981-04-03 | 1982-10-13 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Liquid detergent compositions |
EP0107946A1 (en) * | 1982-10-28 | 1984-05-09 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Liquid detergent compositions |
WO1992006156A1 (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1992-04-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent compositions containing anionic surfactants, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides and magnesium |
WO1992006171A1 (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1992-04-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid detergent compositions |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO9404640A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2142913C (en) | 1999-05-18 |
BR9306927A (en) | 1999-01-12 |
WO1994004640A1 (en) | 1994-03-03 |
AU5015293A (en) | 1994-03-15 |
TR27633A (en) | 1995-06-14 |
TW246686B (en) | 1995-05-01 |
EP0656046A1 (en) | 1995-06-07 |
CN1086538A (en) | 1994-05-11 |
JPH08500388A (en) | 1996-01-16 |
CA2142913A1 (en) | 1994-03-03 |
CN1047615C (en) | 1999-12-22 |
MA22957A1 (en) | 1994-04-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5922670A (en) | Dimeric alcohol-bis and trimeric alcohol-tris-sulphates and ether sulphates thereof | |
US4435317A (en) | Dishwashing liquid including alkyl sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate, alkylbenzene sulfonate and magnesium | |
US8338358B2 (en) | Compositions comprising sulfonated estolides and alkyl ester sulfonates, methods of making them, and compositions and processes employing them | |
EP0399752B1 (en) | Light-duty liquid or gel dishwashing detergent composition containing an alkyl ethoxy carboxylate surfactant | |
US5635466A (en) | Concentrated liquid detergent composition comprising an alkyl ether sulphate and a process for making the composition | |
CA2142913C (en) | Concentrated liquid detergent composition comprising an alkyl ether sulphate and a process for making the composition | |
EP0482687B1 (en) | Concentrated, liquid, pourable composition | |
EP0518925B1 (en) | Light-duty liquid dishwashing detergent compositions | |
EP0673994A1 (en) | Concentrated all-purpose light duty liquid cleaning composition and method of use | |
EP2277860A1 (en) | Compositions comprising sulfonated estolides and alkyl ester sulfonates, methods of making them, and compositions and processes employing them | |
EP0107946B1 (en) | Liquid detergent compositions | |
WO2014072840A1 (en) | Flowable, high active, aqueous fatty alkyl sulfates | |
US5446188A (en) | Process for the production of highly concentrated fatty alcohol sulfate pastes | |
DE4216453A1 (en) | Process for the preparation of pasty detergents | |
EP3680316B1 (en) | A process for preparing a narrow range alcohol alkoxylate | |
EP3532590B1 (en) | 2-ethylhexanol ethoxylate as a hydrotrope in liquid detergents | |
US5847183A (en) | Fatty alcohol (ether) sulfates with improved low-temperature behavior | |
US4261850A (en) | Process for manufacture of powdered detergent compositions containing fatty acid soaps | |
NO179077B (en) | Process for the preparation of a concentrated liquid detergent composition containing magnesium alkylbenzenesulfonate and alkanolamide | |
EP0167337A2 (en) | Alkoxylated ether sulfate anionic surfactants | |
CA1160133A (en) | Liquid detergent compositions | |
EP3622046B1 (en) | Liquid laundry detergent composition | |
JPH07303825A (en) | Nonionic surfactant | |
EP0431653A2 (en) | Liquid surface active compositions | |
EP0596957B1 (en) | Free-flowing aqueous alkyl sulphate slurries |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19950120 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI NL PT SE |
|
A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 19950803 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A4 Designated state(s): CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI NL PT SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19970425 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED |
|
18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 19980725 |