EP0650921A1 - Industrial or semi-industrial lift-truck with short wheel-base - Google Patents

Industrial or semi-industrial lift-truck with short wheel-base Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0650921A1
EP0650921A1 EP94402367A EP94402367A EP0650921A1 EP 0650921 A1 EP0650921 A1 EP 0650921A1 EP 94402367 A EP94402367 A EP 94402367A EP 94402367 A EP94402367 A EP 94402367A EP 0650921 A1 EP0650921 A1 EP 0650921A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
industrial
trolley according
chassis
seat
driver
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EP94402367A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0650921B1 (en
Inventor
Marcel Claude Braud
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Manitou BF SA
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Manitou BF SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/0759—Details of operating station, e.g. seats, levers, operator platforms, cabin suspension
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07572—Propulsion arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to forklifts of the front mast and short wheelbase type, in contrast to said load-shifting trucks, the arm of which is articulated substantially at the axis of the rear wheels of the truck.
  • the invention relates more particularly to mast trucks of the industrial or semi-industrial type.
  • Industrial mast trolleys are mainly intended for handling inside buildings or on serviced ground: for this reason, the wheelbase of these trolleys is chosen as short as possible in order to facilitate maneuvers and turns. interior of buildings. These trolleys generally have four small diameter wheels and a ground clearance of approximately 150 mm. They have no obstacle clearance capacity even from a low height.
  • Mast trolleys of the semi-industrial type have the same destination as industrial trolleys and have the same general characteristics but are fitted with large diameter front wheels to allow them to overcome obstacles of low height such as curbs, sidewalks, gullies. or bloodletting that is commonly encountered even in a serviced environment.
  • a short wheelbase is also a desired feature of semi-industrial mast trucks.
  • the truck comprises a chassis, front drive wheels, rear wheels which can be driven and which can be driven, a heat engine arranged in the longitudinal central axis of the truck and substantially in the center of the chassis, a cockpit located between the rear wheels and front over the entire width of the carriage and in which the driver's seat is placed in the longitudinal central axis of the carriage so as to allow access to either side of the carriage.
  • the drive of the front drive wheels is obtained either by a drive axle secured to the heat engine via a gearbox, or by the use of hydraulic wheel motors connected by hoses to a hydrostatic pump driven by the thermal motor.
  • the heat engine also drives a second hydraulic pump for operating the lift mast.
  • the cockpit is generally equipped with a crankset which mainly controls the advancement of the truck (brake and slow approach pedal and accelerator pedal) and hydraulic distributor control levers for maneuvering the mast.
  • the mast is pivotally mounted at the front of the chassis with the possibility of tilting forwards and backwards over an angle sector between 6 ° and 15 °.
  • the chassis is equipped at the rear with a counterweight which forms a bodywork element.
  • the present invention aims to remedy this drawback and to provide an industrial or semi-industrial masted carriage which, while retaining a short wheelbase, has a lowered floor allowing access without steps to the cockpit and this without affecting the ground clearance necessary for crossing obstacles and without affecting the visibility of the forks from the driver's seat.
  • an industrial or semi-industrial short-mast mast-type forklift comprising a chassis, front drive wheels, rear steered wheels, a heat engine, a cockpit disposed between the front and rear wheels over the entire width of the truck and in which the driver's seat is arranged so as to allow access from either side of the driving position, the front drive wheels being hydraulic wheel motors connected by hoses to a hydrostatic pump driven by the heat engine, characterized in that the chassis has an open upward conformation between the front drive wheels, so as to define a volume inside which is arranged at least partially the control pedal and in that the hydraulic motors of the front wheels are fixed to said conformation on either side of said volume.
  • the engine is placed behind the driver's seat; and the upper plane of the box, on which the driving seat rests, is situated substantially above the upper part of the heat engine.
  • the cockpit floor can then be located at a height of less than 550 mm above the ground, which allows access without steps.
  • the driver's ascent and descent maneuvers are easier, less dangerous and less tiring.
  • the invention makes it possible to achieve this result without affecting the ground clearance of the carriage since no member projects below the bottom of the chassis. This is particularly critical for industrial or semi-industrial trucks with extremely low ground clearance (around 150 mm for industrial trucks, and from 250 to 300 mm for semi-industrial trucks).
  • the lowering of the driving position provides for cabin trucks a lowering of the roof of the cabin which is particularly sought after in an industrial environment where trolleys of this type frequently have to pass through relatively low openings.
  • the lift truck represented in FIG. 1 is a semi-industrial lift truck comprising a lifting mast 1 articulated at the front of the truck, front drive wheels 2, rear steering wheels 3, a heat engine 4, a hydrostatic pump 5 driven by the heat engine 4, said pump supplying the hydraulic motors 6 of the front wheels 2.
  • the heat engine 4 is placed in a central position under the seat 7 of the driver's cabin 8.
  • the rear of the carriage is constituted by a counterweight 9 which is generally a foundry piece attached to the chassis.
  • the chassis includes a step M for access to the cabin.
  • the dashboard and the steering wheel are lowered to provide improved visibility of the forks on the ground or at loading height; the rear counterweights 9 have a conformation providing the same visibility as that of the carriage of the prior art; the driving cabin 8 is preferably suspended on elastic shock-absorbing supports providing greater insulation for the driver; the short wheelbase is retained and the heat engine 4 is located further aft of the cabin 8 and not under the seat 7 (this arrangement minimizes the propagation of vibrations, allows the driving station to be lowered and the access step M of the prior art).
  • the carriage comprises a chassis 12 consisting of sheet metal plates shaped to have a section of C section open upwards (FIG. 5). At the front of this chassis are fixed by welding two vertical flanges 13 carrying the hydraulic motors 6 of the front wheels 2, as well as the lower articulation points 14 of the mast 1.
  • crankset 10 is according to the invention advanced and lowered substantially at and in the immediate vicinity of the axis A.
  • the heat engine 4 is arranged longitudinally, that is to say with its drive shaft directed towards the front, in the retracted position in the chassis practically between the rear steered wheels 3.
  • the hydrostatic pump 5 is connected to this motor, connected by hoses 11 to the hydraulic motors of the front drive wheels 2.
  • the driving position is constituted by a cabin 8 mounted tilting towards the front to allow access to the engine 4 and to the hydrostatic pump 5.
  • the driving seat 7 rests on a box 16 forming a partition wall with the engine compartment and the upper plane of which is situated substantially below the top of the engine.
  • the space between the front of the box 16 and the front of the cabin 8 constitutes a floor 15 which, owing to the lowering of the position of the seat, rests practically on the upper part of the chassis 12 at a height H above of the ground less than 550 mm and preferably equal to about 500 mm.
  • this arrangement makes it possible to eliminate the access step to the driving position necessarily present on known industrial or semi-industrial carriages in which the engine is in the central position and the seat above the engine.
  • the lowering of the floor and of the driving position in the trolley according to the invention does not harm visibility towards the front (line B), the driver having in a seated position seen on at least the front third of the forks 17 carried by the mast 1, when these are placed on the ground.
  • the lowering of the floor and the driving position allows the use of a cabin shape adapted to the reduction of the noise level of the trolley according to the invention.
  • the noise level perceived inside the driving position is notably reduced by installing curved front and rear windows, by tilting the sides of the cabin and by providing a padding for the driving cabin 8 mounted on elastic shock-absorbing supports.
  • the noise level transmitted to the environment is advantageously reduced, in the case where the chassis 12 is completely closed on the sides and below to increase the sound insulation with respect to the outside of the driving cabin 8.
  • the bottom bracket 10 is contained in a removable casing in which are also arranged the connection hoses 18, 19 intended for the safety and approach speed commands of the carriage. It is known in fact that, in addition to their function of controlling the brakes and the accelerator of the trolley, the pedals of a forklift are slaved to hydraulic pressure regulators.
  • the pressure regulator 20 associated with the accelerator pedal 21 ensures that, even if the driver has failed to return his reversing command to neutral, the truck cannot be driven to move forwards or backwards when the engine speed is accelerated for maneuvering the mast by the action of the control levers of the hydraulic distributor.
  • the regulator 22 associated with the brake pedal 23 performs the slow approach function. This allows the driver to raise his load at a fast speed (thus giving the engine a high speed) while advancing at a slow speed towards the point where he must deposit this load.
  • the arrangement in a removable casing of the crankset and of the hydraulic connections which are associated with it provides an important advantage during the factory assembly of the industrial trolleys according to the invention. They allow the complete assembly of the hydraulic installation without waiting for the cabin to be mounted on the chassis itself and therefore with great accessibility. The housing is then left waiting in the chassis.
  • the floor 15 of the cabin has a cutout provided with lugs on which the housing is bolted after assembly of the cabin.
  • the lifting, lowering and tilting commands are concentrated on a single lever (not shown) positioned directly to the right of the seat at a location ensuring an ergonomic arm position, so as to eliminate any fatigue in maneuvering.
  • the invention is not limited to the example of semi-industrial trolley described above. It also applies to industrial or semi-industrial trucks whose cockpit does not have a cabin and / or whose rear wheels are not only steer but also drive.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A lift truck with a mast (1) of the industrial or semi-industrial type includes a chassis, driving front wheels (2), guiding rear wheels (3), a combustion engine (4), a driver's position (8) located between the front wheels (2) and rear wheels (3) over the entire width of the truck. The driver's seat (7) is located so as to allow access from either side of the driver's position (8), the driving front wheels (2) are driven by hydraulic motors (6) connected by hoses to a hydrostatic pump (5) driven by the combustion engine (4). The pedal-operated gear (10) is located at least partially in the region of and in immmediate proximity to the axis (A) of rotation of the front wheels (2). The combustion engine (4) is placed behind the driver's seat (7). The seat part of the driver's seat (7) is located at a lower level (16) than the top of the combustion engine (4). <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne les chariots élévateurs du type à mât frontal et à empattement court, par opposition aux chariots dit à déport de charge dont le bras est articulé sensiblement au niveau de l'axe des roues arrière du chariot.The invention relates to forklifts of the front mast and short wheelbase type, in contrast to said load-shifting trucks, the arm of which is articulated substantially at the axis of the rear wheels of the truck.

Il existe de nombreux types de chariots élévateurs à mât frontal, notamment les chariots élévateurs décrits dans les documents DE 19 20 157, US 3 783 962, FR 1 475 083 et DE 39 14 839 : ces chariots élévateurs de type connu présentent un empattement relativement important et ne sont pas visés par la présente invention.There are many types of forklifts with front mast, in particular the forklifts described in the documents DE 19 20 157, US 3 783 962, FR 1 475 083 and DE 39 14 839: these forklifts of known type have a relatively wheelbase important and are not covered by the present invention.

L'invention intéresse plus spécialement les chariots à mât de type industriel ou semi-industriel. Les chariots à mât industriel sont essentiellement destinés à des manutentions à l'intérieur des bâtiments ou sur sol viabilisé : pour cette raison, l'empattement de ces chariots est choisi le plus court possible en vue de faciliter les manoeuvres et les virages à l'intérieur des bâtiments. Ces chariots ont en général quatre roues de faible diamètre et une garde au sol d'environ 150 mm. Ils n'ont aucune capacité de franchissement d'obstacle même de faible hauteur.The invention relates more particularly to mast trucks of the industrial or semi-industrial type. Industrial mast trolleys are mainly intended for handling inside buildings or on serviced ground: for this reason, the wheelbase of these trolleys is chosen as short as possible in order to facilitate maneuvers and turns. interior of buildings. These trolleys generally have four small diameter wheels and a ground clearance of approximately 150 mm. They have no obstacle clearance capacity even from a low height.

Les chariots à mât de type semi-industriel ont la même destination que les chariots industriels et présentent les mêmes caractéristiques générales mais sont équipés de roues avant de grand diamètre pour leur permettre de franchir des obstacles de faible hauteur tels que les bordures, trottoirs, rigoles ou saignées qui se rencontrent couramment même dans un environnement viabilisé. Un empattement court est également une caractéristique désirée des chariots à mât de type semi-industriel.Mast trolleys of the semi-industrial type have the same destination as industrial trolleys and have the same general characteristics but are fitted with large diameter front wheels to allow them to overcome obstacles of low height such as curbs, sidewalks, gullies. or bloodletting that is commonly encountered even in a serviced environment. A short wheelbase is also a desired feature of semi-industrial mast trucks.

Il existe sur le marché de nombreux chariots de ce type dont on peut caractériser la structure générale de la manière suivante :There are many trolleys of this type on the market, the general structure of which can be characterized as follows:

Le chariot comporte un châssis, des roues avant motrices, des roues arrière directrices et qui peuvent être motrices, un moteur thermique disposé dans l'axe longitudinal médian du chariot et sensiblement au centre du châssis, un poste de pilotage disposé entre les roues arrière et avant sur toute la largeur du chariot et dans lequel le siège du conducteur est placé dans l'axe longitudinal médian du chariot de manière à autoriser l'accès de part et d'autre du chariot.The truck comprises a chassis, front drive wheels, rear wheels which can be driven and which can be driven, a heat engine arranged in the longitudinal central axis of the truck and substantially in the center of the chassis, a cockpit located between the rear wheels and front over the entire width of the carriage and in which the driver's seat is placed in the longitudinal central axis of the carriage so as to allow access to either side of the carriage.

L'entraînement des roues avant motrices est obtenu soit par un pont moteur solidarisé au moteur thermique par l'intermédiaire d'une boîte de transmission, soit par l'emploi de moteurs-roues hydrauliques reliés par des flexibles à une pompe hydrostatique entraînée par le moteur thermique.The drive of the front drive wheels is obtained either by a drive axle secured to the heat engine via a gearbox, or by the use of hydraulic wheel motors connected by hoses to a hydrostatic pump driven by the thermal motor.

Le moteur thermique entraîne également une deuxième pompe hydraulique destinée à la manoeuvre du mât élévateur.The heat engine also drives a second hydraulic pump for operating the lift mast.

Le poste de pilotage est équipé en général d'un pédalier qui commande principalement l'avancement du chariot (pédale de frein et d'approche lente et pédale d'accélérateur) et de manettes de commande du distributeur hydraulique pour la manoeuvre du mât.The cockpit is generally equipped with a crankset which mainly controls the advancement of the truck (brake and slow approach pedal and accelerator pedal) and hydraulic distributor control levers for maneuvering the mast.

Le mât est monté à pivotement à l'avant du châssis avec possibilité de basculement vers l'avant et vers l'arrière sur un secteur d'angle compris entre 6° et 15°.The mast is pivotally mounted at the front of the chassis with the possibility of tilting forwards and backwards over an angle sector between 6 ° and 15 °.

Le châssis est équipé à l'arrière d'un contrepoids qui forme élément de carrosserie.The chassis is equipped at the rear with a counterweight which forms a bodywork element.

Les chariots à mât industriels ou semi-industriels doivent répondre aux contraintes suivantes :

  • en raison de leur utilisation dans un environnement encombré et aux voies étroites ils doivent être très maniables donc avoir un empattement le plus court possible compris entre 1.700 et 2.000 mm,
  • le conducteur doit avoir vers l'avant un angle de vue qui lui permette d'avoir une vue directe sur au moins le tiers avant des fourches en position de repos sur le sol,
  • l'accessibilité au poste de conduite doit être possible aisément de part et d'autre du chariot car le conducteur est fréquemment amené à monter et descendre de son engin pour régler ses fourches, déplacer un obstacle, changer un outil ou intervenir sur le chargement,
  • en outre, dans le cas des chariots semi-industriels, la garde au sol doit être augmentée et être comprise entre 250 et 300 mm de manière à permettre le franchissement de petits obstacles.
Industrial or semi-industrial mast trucks must meet the following constraints:
  • due to their use in a congested environment and with narrow tracks they must be very maneuverable therefore have a shortest wheelbase possible between 1,700 and 2,000 mm,
  • the driver must have a forward angle of view which allows him to have a direct view of at least the front third of the forks in the rest position on the ground,
  • accessibility to the driving position must be possible easily on both sides of the truck because the driver is frequently brought in and out of his machine to adjust his forks, move an obstacle, change a tool or intervene on the load,
  • in addition, in the case of semi-industrial trucks, the ground clearance must be increased and be between 250 and 300 mm so as to allow the crossing of small obstacles.

En raison de leur nécessaire compacité, les chariots à mât industriels ou semi-industriels disposent de peu de place à l'intérieur de leur châssis pour loger tous les organes nécessaires à leur fonctionnement et le siège du conducteur est disposé au-dessus du moteur à une hauteur telle qu'il est obligatoire de prévoir une marche pour accéder au plancher du poste de pilotage.Due to their necessary compactness, industrial or semi-industrial mast trucks have little space inside their chassis to accommodate all the components necessary for their operation and the driver's seat is arranged above the engine. a height such that it is mandatory to provide a step to access the cockpit floor.

La présence de cette marche nuit considérablement à l'accessibilité du poste de pilotage et affecte la sécurité du conducteur lors de ses fréquents déplacements.The presence of this step considerably affects the accessibility of the cockpit and affects the safety of the driver during his frequent trips.

La présente invention vise à remédier à cet inconvénient et à procurer un chariot industriel ou semi-industriel à mât qui, tout en conservant un empattement court, dispose d'un plancher surbaissé autorisant un accès sans marche au poste de pilotage et cela sans affecter la garde au sol nécessaire au franchissement des obstacles et sans nuire à la visibilité des fourches depuis le poste de conduite.The present invention aims to remedy this drawback and to provide an industrial or semi-industrial masted carriage which, while retaining a short wheelbase, has a lowered floor allowing access without steps to the cockpit and this without affecting the ground clearance necessary for crossing obstacles and without affecting the visibility of the forks from the driver's seat.

Selon l'invention, cet objectif est atteint par un chariot élévateur à mât de type industriel ou semi-industriel à empattement court comportant un châssis, des roues avant motrices, des roues arrière directrices, un moteur thermique, un poste de pilotage disposé entre les roues avant et arrière sur toute la largeur du chariot et dans lequel le siège du conducteur est disposé de manière à autoriser un accès de part et d'autre du poste de conduite, les roues avant motrices étant des moteurs-roues hydrauliques reliées par des flexibles à une pompe hydrostatique entraînée par le moteur thermique, caractérisé en ce que le châssis présente une conformation ouverte vers le haut entre les roues avant motrices, de manière à définir un volume à l'intérieur duquel est disposé au moins partiellement le pédalier de commande et en ce que les moteurs hydrauliques des roues avant sont fixés à ladite conformation de part et d'autre dudit volume.According to the invention, this objective is achieved by an industrial or semi-industrial short-mast mast-type forklift comprising a chassis, front drive wheels, rear steered wheels, a heat engine, a cockpit disposed between the front and rear wheels over the entire width of the truck and in which the driver's seat is arranged so as to allow access from either side of the driving position, the front drive wheels being hydraulic wheel motors connected by hoses to a hydrostatic pump driven by the heat engine, characterized in that the chassis has an open upward conformation between the front drive wheels, so as to define a volume inside which is arranged at least partially the control pedal and in that the hydraulic motors of the front wheels are fixed to said conformation on either side of said volume.

Le fait d'utiliser le volume disponible entre les moteurs hydrauliques des roues avant permet ainsi d'avancer le pédalier pratiquement dans l'axe de rotation des roues avant et à ce niveau, au-dessus du sol.The fact of using the volume available between the hydraulic motors of the front wheels thus makes it possible to advance the crankset practically in the axis of rotation of the front wheels and at this level, above the ground.

Selon deux caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention :
   - le moteur thermique est placé derrière le siège de conduite; et le plan supérieur du caisson, sur lequel repose le siège de conduite, est situé sensiblement au-dessus de la partie supérieure du moteur thermique.According to two advantageous features of the invention:
- the engine is placed behind the driver's seat; and the upper plane of the box, on which the driving seat rests, is situated substantially above the upper part of the heat engine.

Le fait de reculer le moteur au maximum vers l'arrière en combinaison avec l'avancement et l'abaissement du pédalier permet ainsi de dégager un espace suffisant pour descendre le siège du conducteur à un niveau inférieur à celui de la partie supérieure du moteur.Backing the engine as far back as possible in combination with advancing and lowering the crankset thus provides sufficient space to lower the driver's seat to a level lower than that of the upper part of the engine.

Le plancher du poste de pilotage peut alors être situé à une hauteur inférieure à 550 mm au-dessus du sol ce qui autorise un accès sans marche. Ainsi, les manoeuvres de montée et de descente du conducteur sont facilitées, moins dangereuses et moins fatigantes.The cockpit floor can then be located at a height of less than 550 mm above the ground, which allows access without steps. Thus, the driver's ascent and descent maneuvers are easier, less dangerous and less tiring.

On remarquera que l'invention permet d'atteindre ce résultat sans affecter la garde au sol du chariot puisqu'aucun organe ne fait saillie au-dessous du bas du châssis. Ceci est particulièrement critique pour les chariots industriels ou semi-industriels dont la garde au sol est extrêmement faible (environ 150 mm pour les chariots industriels, et de 250 à 300 mm pour les chariots semi-industriels).It will be noted that the invention makes it possible to achieve this result without affecting the ground clearance of the carriage since no member projects below the bottom of the chassis. This is particularly critical for industrial or semi-industrial trucks with extremely low ground clearance (around 150 mm for industrial trucks, and from 250 to 300 mm for semi-industrial trucks).

De plus, le recul du moteur vers l'arrière par rapport aux chariots industriels ou semi-industriels existant permet d'alléger très sensiblement le contrepoids arrière, ce qui procure une économie sur le coût de ce composant.In addition, the rearward movement of the engine compared to existing industrial or semi-industrial trucks makes it possible to very significantly lighten the rear counterweight, which provides savings on the cost of this component.

Enfin, l'abaissement du poste de conduite procure pour les chariots à cabine un abaissement du toit de la cabine ce qui est particulièrement recherché en milieu industriel où les chariots de ce type ont fréquemment à franchir des ouvertures relativement basses.Finally, the lowering of the driving position provides for cabin trucks a lowering of the roof of the cabin which is particularly sought after in an industrial environment where trolleys of this type frequently have to pass through relatively low openings.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui va suivre d'un exemple non limitatif de réalisation en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue schématique de côté d'un chariot élévateur semi-industriel connu,
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique de côté d'un chariot semi-industriel selon l'invention,
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique de dessus du chariot de la figure 2,
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique de dessus du châssis du chariot de la figure 2 avec figuration de l'implantation des organes qu'il supporte, la cabine étant omise,
  • la figure 5 est une vue schématique de l'avant du chariot de la figure 2, le mât élévateur étant omis.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows of a nonlimiting exemplary embodiment with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a known semi-industrial forklift,
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a semi-industrial carriage according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the carriage of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view from above of the chassis of the carriage of FIG. 2 with a representation of the location of the members that it supports, the cabin being omitted,
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the front of the carriage of Figure 2, the lift mast being omitted.

Le chariot élévateur représenté à la figure 1 est un chariot élévateur semi-industriel comportant un mât de levage 1 articulé à l'avant du chariot, des roues avant motrices 2, des roues arrière directrices 3, un moteur thermique 4, une pompe hydrostatique 5 entraînée par le moteur thermique 4, ladite pompe alimentant les moteurs hydrauliques 6 des roues avant 2.The lift truck represented in FIG. 1 is a semi-industrial lift truck comprising a lifting mast 1 articulated at the front of the truck, front drive wheels 2, rear steering wheels 3, a heat engine 4, a hydrostatic pump 5 driven by the heat engine 4, said pump supplying the hydraulic motors 6 of the front wheels 2.

On remarque que le moteur thermique 4 est disposé en position centrale sous le siège 7 de la cabine de conduite 8. L'arrière du chariot est constitué par un contrepoids 9 qui est généralement une pièce de fonderie rapportée sur le châssis.It will be noted that the heat engine 4 is placed in a central position under the seat 7 of the driver's cabin 8. The rear of the carriage is constituted by a counterweight 9 which is generally a foundry piece attached to the chassis.

On remarque également que, compte tenu de la position du siège du conducteur au-dessus du moteur, le châssis comporte une marche M d'accès à la cabine.It is also noted that, given the position of the driver's seat above the engine, the chassis includes a step M for access to the cabin.

Sur les figures 2 à 5, les parties du chariot selon l'invention qui ont des fonctions similaires à celles du chariot de la figure 1 portent les mêmes références.In FIGS. 2 to 5, the parts of the carriage according to the invention which have functions similar to those of the carriage in FIG. 1 have the same references.

Par rapport au chariot de l'art antérieur de la figure 1, le tableau de bord et le volant de direction sont abaissés pour procurer une visibilité améliorée des fourches au sol ou à hauteur de chargement; les contrepoids arrière 9 présentent une conformation procurant la même visibilité que celle du chariot de l'art antérieur; la cabine de conduite 8 est de préférence suspendue sur des appuis élastiques amortisseurs procurantune plus grande isolation du conducteur; l'empattement court est conservé et le moteur thermique 4 est situé plus à l'arrière de la cabine 8 et non sous le siège 7 (cette disposition minimise la propagation des vibrations, permet l'abaissement du poste de conduite et la suppression de la marche M d'accès de l'art antérieure).Compared to the carriage of the prior art of FIG. 1, the dashboard and the steering wheel are lowered to provide improved visibility of the forks on the ground or at loading height; the rear counterweights 9 have a conformation providing the same visibility as that of the carriage of the prior art; the driving cabin 8 is preferably suspended on elastic shock-absorbing supports providing greater insulation for the driver; the short wheelbase is retained and the heat engine 4 is located further aft of the cabin 8 and not under the seat 7 (this arrangement minimizes the propagation of vibrations, allows the driving station to be lowered and the access step M of the prior art).

Le chariot comporte un châssis 12 constitué de plaques de tôle conformées pour avoir en coupe une section en C ouvert vers le haut (figure 5). A l'avant de ce châssis sont fixés par soudage deux flasques verticaux 13 portant les moteurs hydrauliques 6 des roues avant 2, ainsi que les points d'articulation inférieurs 14 du mât 1.The carriage comprises a chassis 12 consisting of sheet metal plates shaped to have a section of C section open upwards (FIG. 5). At the front of this chassis are fixed by welding two vertical flanges 13 carrying the hydraulic motors 6 of the front wheels 2, as well as the lower articulation points 14 of the mast 1.

L'axe de rotation des roues avant motrices en condition de déplacement en ligne droite est matérialisé par la ligne A.The axis of rotation of the front drive wheels in a straight line travel condition is shown by line A.

On voit sur les figures 2 et 5 que le pédalier 10 est selon l'invention avancé et abaissé sensiblement au niveau et à proximité immédiate de l'axe A.We see in Figures 2 and 5 that the crankset 10 is according to the invention advanced and lowered substantially at and in the immediate vicinity of the axis A.

Le moteur thermique 4 est disposé longitudinalement, c'est-à-dire avec son arbre d'entraînement dirigé vers l'avant, en position reculée dans le châssis pratiquement entre les roues arrière directrices 3.The heat engine 4 is arranged longitudinally, that is to say with its drive shaft directed towards the front, in the retracted position in the chassis practically between the rear steered wheels 3.

A ce moteur est accolée la pompe hydrostatique 5 reliée par des flexibles 11 aux moteurs hydrauliques des roues avant motrices 2.The hydrostatic pump 5 is connected to this motor, connected by hoses 11 to the hydraulic motors of the front drive wheels 2.

Dans cet exemple de réalisation, le poste de conduite est constitué par une cabine 8 montée basculante vers l'avant pour permettre l'accès au moteur 4 et à la pompe hydrostatique 5.In this exemplary embodiment, the driving position is constituted by a cabin 8 mounted tilting towards the front to allow access to the engine 4 and to the hydrostatic pump 5.

Le siège de conduite 7 repose sur un caisson 16 formant paroi de séparation avec le compartiment moteur et dont le plan supérieur est situé sensiblement au-dessous de la partie supérieure du moteur.The driving seat 7 rests on a box 16 forming a partition wall with the engine compartment and the upper plane of which is situated substantially below the top of the engine.

L'espace entre l'avant du caisson 16 et l'avant de la cabine 8 constitue un plancher 15 qui en raison de l'abaissement de la position du siège repose pratiquement sur la partie supérieure du châssis 12 à une hauteur H au-dessus du sol inférieure à 550 mm et de préférence égale à environ 500 mm.The space between the front of the box 16 and the front of the cabin 8 constitutes a floor 15 which, owing to the lowering of the position of the seat, rests practically on the upper part of the chassis 12 at a height H above of the ground less than 550 mm and preferably equal to about 500 mm.

Comme indiqué précédemment, cette disposition permet de supprimer la marche d'accès au poste de conduite nécessairement présente sur les chariots industriels ou semi-industriels connus dans lesquels le moteur est en position centrale et le siège au-dessus du moteur.As indicated above, this arrangement makes it possible to eliminate the access step to the driving position necessarily present on known industrial or semi-industrial carriages in which the engine is in the central position and the seat above the engine.

On voit sur la figure 2 que l'abaissement du plancher et de la position de conduite dans le chariot selon l'invention ne nuit pas à la visibilité vers l'avant (ligneB), le conducteur ayant en position assise vue sur au moins le tiers avant des fourches 17 portées par le mât 1, lorsque celles-ci sont posées sur le sol. En outre, l'abaissement de plancher et du poste de conduite permet l'utilisation d'une forme de cabine adaptée à la diminution du niveau sonore du chariot selon l'invention. Le niveau sonore perçu à l'intérieur du poste de conduite est notablement diminué en installant des vitres avant et arrière bombées, en inclinant les côtés de cabine et en prévoyant un capitonnage de la cabine de conduite 8 montée sur appuis élastiques amortisseurs. Le niveau sonore transmis à l'environnement est avantageusement réduit, dans le cas où le châssis 12 est entièrement fermé sur les côtés et dessous pour accroître l'isolement phonique par rapport à l'extérieur de la cabine de conduite 8.It can be seen in FIG. 2 that the lowering of the floor and of the driving position in the trolley according to the invention does not harm visibility towards the front (line B), the driver having in a seated position seen on at least the front third of the forks 17 carried by the mast 1, when these are placed on the ground. In addition, the lowering of the floor and the driving position allows the use of a cabin shape adapted to the reduction of the noise level of the trolley according to the invention. The noise level perceived inside the driving position is notably reduced by installing curved front and rear windows, by tilting the sides of the cabin and by providing a padding for the driving cabin 8 mounted on elastic shock-absorbing supports. The noise level transmitted to the environment is advantageously reduced, in the case where the chassis 12 is completely closed on the sides and below to increase the sound insulation with respect to the outside of the driving cabin 8.

De manière particulièrement avantageuse, le pédalier 10 est contenu dans un boîtier amovible dans lequel sont également disposés les flexibles de raccordement 18, 19 destinés aux commandes de sécurité et de vitesse d'approche du chariot. On sait en effet que, outre leur fonction de commande des freins et de l'accélérateur du chariot, les pédales d'un chariot élévateur sont asservies à des régulateurs de pression hydraulique.In a particularly advantageous manner, the bottom bracket 10 is contained in a removable casing in which are also arranged the connection hoses 18, 19 intended for the safety and approach speed commands of the carriage. It is known in fact that, in addition to their function of controlling the brakes and the accelerator of the trolley, the pedals of a forklift are slaved to hydraulic pressure regulators.

Le régulateur de pression 20 associé à la pédale d'accélérateur 21 assure que, même si le conducteur a omis de remettre sa commande d'inversion au point neutre, le chariot ne peut être entraîné à avancer ou reculer lorsque le régime du moteur thermique est accéléré pour la manoeuvre du mât par l'action des leviers de commande du distributeur hydraulique.The pressure regulator 20 associated with the accelerator pedal 21 ensures that, even if the driver has failed to return his reversing command to neutral, the truck cannot be driven to move forwards or backwards when the engine speed is accelerated for maneuvering the mast by the action of the control levers of the hydraulic distributor.

Le régulateur 22 associé à la pédale de frein 23 assure la fonction d'approche lente. Ceci permet au conducteur d'élever sa charge à une vitesse rapide (donc en donnant au moteur thermique un régime élevé) tout en avançant à une vitesse ralentie vers le point où il doit déposer cette charge.The regulator 22 associated with the brake pedal 23 performs the slow approach function. This allows the driver to raise his load at a fast speed (thus giving the engine a high speed) while advancing at a slow speed towards the point where he must deposit this load.

Ces dispositifs et leur fonctionnement sont bien connus de la technique et ne seront pas décrits en détail.These devices and their operation are well known in the art and will not be described in detail.

La disposition dans un boîtier amovible du pédalier et des raccordements hydrauliques qui lui sont associés procure un important avantage lors du montage en usine des chariots industriels selon l'invention. Ils permettent en effet de procéder au montage complet de l'installation hydraulique sans attendre que la cabine soit elle-même montée sur le châssis et donc avec une très grande accessibilité. Le boîtier est ensuite laissé en attente dans le châssis. Le plancher 15 de la cabine comporte une découpe munie de pattes sur lesquelles le boîtier est boulonné après montage de la cabine.The arrangement in a removable casing of the crankset and of the hydraulic connections which are associated with it provides an important advantage during the factory assembly of the industrial trolleys according to the invention. They allow the complete assembly of the hydraulic installation without waiting for the cabin to be mounted on the chassis itself and therefore with great accessibility. The housing is then left waiting in the chassis. The floor 15 of the cabin has a cutout provided with lugs on which the housing is bolted after assembly of the cabin.

Avantageusement, les commandes de levée, de descente et d'inclinaison sont concentrées sur un levier unique (non représenté) positionné directement à droite du siège à un emplacement assurant une position de bras ergonomique, de manière à supprimer toute fatigue de manoeuvre.Advantageously, the lifting, lowering and tilting commands are concentrated on a single lever (not shown) positioned directly to the right of the seat at a location ensuring an ergonomic arm position, so as to eliminate any fatigue in maneuvering.

L'invention n'est pas limitée à l'exemple de chariot semi-industriel décrit ci-dessus. Elle s'applique également aux chariots industriels ou semi-industriels dont le poste de pilotage est dépourvu de cabine et/ou dont les roues arrière sont non seulement directrices mais également motrices.The invention is not limited to the example of semi-industrial trolley described above. It also applies to industrial or semi-industrial trucks whose cockpit does not have a cabin and / or whose rear wheels are not only steer but also drive.

Claims (9)

Chariot élévateur à mât de type industriel ou semi-industriel à empattement court, comportant un châssis, des roues avant motrices, des roues arrière directrices, un moteur thermique, un poste de pilotage disposé entre les roues avant et arrière sur toute la largeur du chariot et dans lequel le siège du conducteur est disposé de manière à autoriser un accès de part et d'autre du poste de conduite, les roues avant motrices étant entraînées par des moteurs-roues hydrauliques reliés par des flexibles à une pompe hydrostatique entraînée par le moteur thermique, caractérisé en ce que le châssis (12) présente une conformation ouverte vers le haut entre les roues avant (2) motrices, de manière à définir un volume à l'intérieur duquel est disposé au moins partiellement le pédalier de commande (10) et en ce que les moteurs hydrauliques des roues avant sont fixés à ladite conformation de part et d'autre dudit volume.Industrial or semi-industrial short-wheelbase mast-type forklift, comprising a chassis, front-wheel drive, rear-wheel steering, a heat engine, a cockpit located between the front and rear wheels over the entire width of the truck and in which the driver's seat is arranged so as to allow access from either side of the driving position, the front drive wheels being driven by hydraulic wheel motors connected by hoses to a hydrostatic pump driven by the engine thermal, characterized in that the chassis (12) has an open upward conformation between the front drive wheels (2), so as to define a volume inside which the control pedal (10) is disposed at least partially and in that the hydraulic motors of the front wheels are fixed to said conformation on either side of said volume. Chariot à empattement court selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moteur thermique (4) est placé derrière le siège de conduite (7).Short wheelbase trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat engine (4) is located behind the driving seat (7). Chariot à empattement court selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le plan supérieur du caisson (16) sur lequel repose le siège de conduite (7) est situé sensiblement au-dessous de la partie supérieure du moteur thermique (4).Short wheelbase trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper plane of the box (16) on which the driving seat (7) rests is situated substantially below the upper part of the heat engine (4). Chariot selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moteur thermique (4) est disposé longitudinalement et le siège de conduite (7) est situé au-dessus de la pompe hydrostatique (5).Trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat engine (4) is arranged longitudinally and the driving seat (7) is located above the hydrostatic pump (5). Chariot selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le châssis (12) de section est en forme de C ouvert vers le haut.Trolley according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the section chassis (12) is C-shaped open upwards. Chariot selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le plancher (15) du poste de conduite repose sur la partie supérieure du châssis (12).Trolley according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the floor (15) of the driving position rests on the upper part of the chassis (12). Chariot selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le plancher (15) se trouve à une hauteur au-dessus du sol inférieure à 550 mm.Trolley according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the floor (15) is at a height above the ground less than 550 mm. Chariot selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le poste de conduite est constitué par une cabine (8) basculante vers l'avant.Trolley according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the driving position consists of a cab (8) tilting forward. Chariot selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le pédalier (10) est monté dans un boîtier amovible contenant les raccordements des dispositifs de sécurité hydrauliques (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23), ledit boîtier étant fixé dans une ouverture du plancher (15).Trolley according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pedal (10) is mounted in a removable housing containing the connections of the hydraulic safety devices (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23), said housing being fixed in a floor opening (15).
EP19940402367 1993-10-27 1994-10-21 Industrial or semi-industrial lift-truck with short wheel-base Expired - Lifetime EP0650921B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9312803A FR2711636B1 (en) 1993-10-27 1993-10-27 Improvement to industrial and semi-industrial forklifts.
FR9312803 1993-10-27

Publications (2)

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EP0650921A1 true EP0650921A1 (en) 1995-05-03
EP0650921B1 EP0650921B1 (en) 1997-09-03

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DE (1) DE69405343T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2711636B1 (en)

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EP1038826A1 (en) 1999-03-19 2000-09-27 Sambron Hoisting device with a mast having a carrying equipment
WO2007059393A2 (en) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-24 Crown Equipment Corporation A materials handling vehicle with a manifold apparatus including a valve structure mounted on the mast assembly
US12006195B2 (en) * 2018-01-24 2024-06-11 Jungheinrich Aktiengesellschaft Reach truck having a counterweight

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DE19908201B4 (en) * 1999-02-25 2016-03-03 Linde Material Handling Gmbh Forklift and method for assembling a forklift
DE202009014866U1 (en) * 2009-12-16 2011-04-28 Hubtex Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Vehicle for transporting plate-shaped goods
FR3103481B1 (en) 2019-11-27 2021-10-29 Manitou Bf Load handling machine

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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1038826A1 (en) 1999-03-19 2000-09-27 Sambron Hoisting device with a mast having a carrying equipment
WO2007059393A2 (en) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-24 Crown Equipment Corporation A materials handling vehicle with a manifold apparatus including a valve structure mounted on the mast assembly
WO2007059393A3 (en) * 2005-11-10 2007-08-02 Crown Equip Corp A materials handling vehicle with a manifold apparatus including a valve structure mounted on the mast assembly
US8104583B2 (en) 2005-11-10 2012-01-31 Crown Equipment Corporation Materials handling vehicle with improved visibility
US8678138B2 (en) 2005-11-10 2014-03-25 Crown Equipment Corporation Materials handling vehicle with improved visibility
US9550660B2 (en) 2005-11-10 2017-01-24 Crown Equipment Corporation Materials handling vehicle with improved visibility
US12006195B2 (en) * 2018-01-24 2024-06-11 Jungheinrich Aktiengesellschaft Reach truck having a counterweight

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2711636B1 (en) 1995-12-01
DE69405343T2 (en) 1998-04-02
DE69405343D1 (en) 1997-10-09
EP0650921B1 (en) 1997-09-03
FR2711636A1 (en) 1995-05-05

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