EP0644334A1 - Air impeller and devices incorporating air impellers - Google Patents

Air impeller and devices incorporating air impellers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0644334A1
EP0644334A1 EP94306714A EP94306714A EP0644334A1 EP 0644334 A1 EP0644334 A1 EP 0644334A1 EP 94306714 A EP94306714 A EP 94306714A EP 94306714 A EP94306714 A EP 94306714A EP 0644334 A1 EP0644334 A1 EP 0644334A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
motor
fan
armature
impeller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94306714A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kathryn Clapp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electrolux Household Appliances Ltd
Original Assignee
Electrolux Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electrolux Ltd filed Critical Electrolux Ltd
Publication of EP0644334A1 publication Critical patent/EP0644334A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/16—Centrifugal pumps for displacing without appreciable compression
    • F04D17/164—Multi-stage fans, e.g. for vacuum cleaners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump

Definitions

  • This invention relates to air impellers, in particular electrically driven air impellers, and to devices incorporating such air impellers, for example vacuum cleaners, air-cushion-supported lawnmowers, leaf blowers, air conditioners, hand driers, hair driers, hot-air heaters and the like.
  • Such impellers comprise an electric motor driving a fan to provide the air flow.
  • the motor is normally of the induction type and requires cooling. This is generally provided by a separate flow of cooling air generated by an additional fan mounted on the armature shaft, or it may be provided by part or all of the air flow generated by the main fan being caused to pass over the outside of the motor.
  • the present invention depends on the use of a motor of the switched-reluctance type.
  • the armature of such a motor has salient poles without any windings and so presents a large "window" through which air can flow.
  • Such motors can run at high speeds, which makes them particularly suitable for driving centrifugal fans.
  • the motor is positioned upstream of the fan, so that it is not subjected to the heat generated by the fan and is, therefore, more efficiently cooled.
  • Air guides may be positioned downstream of the rotor to redirect the flow of air as it leaves the armature.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic end view of a motor to be used in the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an axial section through an air impeller according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through a wheeled domestic vacuum cleaner incorporating the invention.
  • the motor comprises a stator 1, the windings and pole structure of which are not shown in the figure, and a rotor or armature 2.
  • the motor is of the switched-reluctance type, designed to run at 40 000 rpm and areas 3 between the rotor poles, shown shaded, are not occupied by windings, and so present a large area allowing for the free passage of air through the motor.
  • the pole pieces are of a slightly oblique section, so as to exert a pumping action as they rotate.
  • FIG 2 is an axial section through an air impeller designed to form part of a domestic vacuum cleaner.
  • the impeller comprises an outer housing in two sections 10, 11, containing the motor and fan, and which define a duct for the air passing through the impeller.
  • the fan 12 is mounted on the rotor shaft 13, which rotates in ball bearings, 14, 15, respectively, in the housing sections 10,11.
  • Section 10 houses the motor stator 1 and is provided with apertures 17 for the inflow of air, while the section 11 houses the fan 12, and is provided with apertures 10 at its periphery for the outflow of the air.
  • the rotor 2 has large window areas between its poles through which the air can pass, and between the motor and the fan 12 is positioned an air guide 20 which redirects air emerging from the rotor into an axial direction of movement.
  • Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section of a wheeled vacuum cleaner machine 21 with hose attachment which includes the motor of the present invention.
  • the motor of the machine 21 draws air from the hose into the machine body 22 via a machine inlet 23.
  • the air then passes into a duct collection bag 24 which filters dust and debris from the air.
  • the air then passes into the motor unit through apertures 17 in the outer housing 10 of the motor.
  • the air experiences a pumping action from the interaction of the stator 1 and the oblique rotor or armature 2 as the rotor 2 rotates with respect to the stator 1. This causes the air to be drawn through the areas 3 between the poles of the rotor 2.
  • the rotor 2 is mounted on a rotor shaft 13 which in turn is mounted for rotation in bearings 14,15.
  • the air then passes past the air guide 20 into the section 11 which houses the fan 12.
  • the fan 12 is mounted on the rotor shaft 13 and, when the motor is operating, draws air through the motor and impels the air out of the housing section 11 through apertures 10.
  • the air is then vented to atmospheric air through a machine outlet 25 in the machine body 22.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

An air impeller comprising a fan (12) situated within the air duct and driven by a switched-reluctance motor, air impelled by the fan passing through the rotor ()2) of the motor. Air guides (20) may be interposed between the motor armature and the fan. The fan may be a centrifugal fan. The impeller is applicable to vacuum cleaners, air-cushion-supported lawn mowers, leaf blowers, air conditions, hand driers, hair driers, hot-air heaters and the like.

Description

  • This invention relates to air impellers, in particular electrically driven air impellers, and to devices incorporating such air impellers, for example vacuum cleaners, air-cushion-supported lawnmowers, leaf blowers, air conditioners, hand driers, hair driers, hot-air heaters and the like.
  • Such impellers comprise an electric motor driving a fan to provide the air flow. The motor is normally of the induction type and requires cooling. This is generally provided by a separate flow of cooling air generated by an additional fan mounted on the armature shaft, or it may be provided by part or all of the air flow generated by the main fan being caused to pass over the outside of the motor.
  • The present invention, which is defined in the appended claims, depends on the use of a motor of the switched-reluctance type. The armature of such a motor has salient poles without any windings and so presents a large "window" through which air can flow. Such motors can run at high speeds, which makes them particularly suitable for driving centrifugal fans.
  • Preferably the motor is positioned upstream of the fan, so that it is not subjected to the heat generated by the fan and is, therefore, more efficiently cooled.
  • The motor armature itself produces a pumping action and this may be further increased by appropriate shaping of the pole pieces. Air guides may be positioned downstream of the rotor to redirect the flow of air as it leaves the armature.
  • The invention will be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic end view of a motor to be used in the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an axial section through an air impeller according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through a wheeled domestic vacuum cleaner incorporating the invention.
  • Referring first to Figure 1 which is a much simplified end view of the motor, the motor comprises a stator 1, the windings and pole structure of which are not shown in the figure, and a rotor or armature 2. The motor is of the switched-reluctance type, designed to run at 40 000 rpm and areas 3 between the rotor poles, shown shaded, are not occupied by windings, and so present a large area allowing for the free passage of air through the motor. The pole pieces are of a slightly oblique section, so as to exert a pumping action as they rotate.
  • Figure 2 is an axial section through an air impeller designed to form part of a domestic vacuum cleaner. The impeller comprises an outer housing in two sections 10, 11, containing the motor and fan, and which define a duct for the air passing through the impeller. The fan 12 is mounted on the rotor shaft 13, which rotates in ball bearings, 14, 15, respectively, in the housing sections 10,11.
  • Section 10 houses the motor stator 1 and is provided with apertures 17 for the inflow of air, while the section 11 houses the fan 12, and is provided with apertures 10 at its periphery for the outflow of the air. The rotor 2 has large window areas between its poles through which the air can pass, and between the motor and the fan 12 is positioned an air guide 20 which redirects air emerging from the rotor into an axial direction of movement.
  • In use of the vacuum cleaner, air entering the nozzle and passing through the hose is drawn through the dust bag into the impeller unit by way of the apertures 17, subjected to a first pumping action due to the rotor 2, re-directed axially by the air guides 20, and then pumped out through the peripheral apertures 19 by the fan 12.
  • Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section of a wheeled vacuum cleaner machine 21 with hose attachment which includes the motor of the present invention.
  • The motor of the machine 21 draws air from the hose into the machine body 22 via a machine inlet 23. The air then passes into a duct collection bag 24 which filters dust and debris from the air. The air then passes into the motor unit through apertures 17 in the outer housing 10 of the motor. The air experiences a pumping action from the interaction of the stator 1 and the oblique rotor or armature 2 as the rotor 2 rotates with respect to the stator 1. This causes the air to be drawn through the areas 3 between the poles of the rotor 2. The rotor 2 is mounted on a rotor shaft 13 which in turn is mounted for rotation in bearings 14,15.
  • The air then passes past the air guide 20 into the section 11 which houses the fan 12. The fan 12 is mounted on the rotor shaft 13 and, when the motor is operating, draws air through the motor and impels the air out of the housing section 11 through apertures 10. The air is then vented to atmospheric air through a machine outlet 25 in the machine body 22.

Claims (7)

  1. An air impeller comprising a fan situated within an air duct and driven by an electric motor, characterised in that the motor is a switched-reluctance motor and at least the armature of the motor lies within the duct so that air impelled by the fan passes through the armature.
  2. An air impeller according to claim 1 in which the motor armature is positioned upstream of the fan so that air impelled by the fan passes first through the motor armature.
  3. An air impeller according to claim 2 in which one or more air guides are interposed between the motor armature and the fan.
  4. An air impeller according to any preceding claim in which the poles of the armature are shaped so as to exert a pumping action on the air passing through them.
  5. An air impeller according to any preceding claim in which the fan is a centrifugal fan.
  6. An air impeller according to any preceding claim in which the motor is designed to operate at a speed exceeding 10 000 revolutions per minute.
  7. A vacuum cleaner incorporating an air impeller according to any preceding claim.
EP94306714A 1993-09-16 1994-09-13 Air impeller and devices incorporating air impellers Withdrawn EP0644334A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9319172 1993-09-16
GB9319172A GB2282010A (en) 1993-09-16 1993-09-16 Switched - reluctance motor driven fan

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0644334A1 true EP0644334A1 (en) 1995-03-22

Family

ID=10742087

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94306714A Withdrawn EP0644334A1 (en) 1993-09-16 1994-09-13 Air impeller and devices incorporating air impellers

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0644334A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2282010A (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0917279A2 (en) * 1997-10-16 1999-05-19 Normalair-Garrett (Holdings) Limited Motor cooling
EP1396922A2 (en) * 2002-08-08 2004-03-10 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding GmbH Reluctance motor
US8155508B2 (en) 2006-01-12 2012-04-10 Dyson Technology Limited Drying apparatus
US8341853B2 (en) 2005-07-30 2013-01-01 Dyson Technology Limited Drying apparatus
US8347522B2 (en) 2005-07-30 2013-01-08 Dyson Technology Limited Drying apparatus
US8347521B2 (en) 2005-07-30 2013-01-08 Dyson Technology Limited Drying apparatus
US8490291B2 (en) 2005-07-30 2013-07-23 Dyson Technology Limited Dryer
CN105065296A (en) * 2015-08-20 2015-11-18 陈钦先 Novel horizontal single-segment type vacuum pump

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106194790A (en) * 2016-07-14 2016-12-07 上海品星防爆电机有限公司 A kind of aerator

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB150286A (en) * 1919-08-21 1921-07-14 Stanley Stacey Cramer Improvements in and relating to centrifugal pumps for use with pneumatically operated mechanisms
DE1628318B1 (en) * 1966-11-29 1970-09-24 Licentia Gmbh MOTOR FAN UNIT FOR VACUUM CLEANER
US3730642A (en) * 1971-10-14 1973-05-01 Vernco Corp Cooling means for motor of a wet pick-up vacuum sweeper
US4074156A (en) 1976-04-19 1978-02-14 Leeson Electric Corporation Air cooling means for dynamoelectric machine
GB2090480A (en) 1980-12-31 1982-07-07 Fcf Ltd Cooling electric motors in hairdryers
US4698537A (en) 1985-01-15 1987-10-06 Kollmorgen Technologies Corporation Electrical drive systems incorporating variable reluctance motors
EP0253436A1 (en) 1986-07-10 1988-01-20 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method and electronic circuit for starting a reluctance motor and reluctance motor provided with such an electronic circuit
EP0416468A1 (en) 1989-09-04 1991-03-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Air-cooled motor for use in vehicles
EP0427145A1 (en) * 1989-11-09 1991-05-15 Balzers-Pfeiffer GmbH Pump with driving motor
JPH04281390A (en) * 1991-03-07 1992-10-06 Secoh Giken Inc High speed motor
DE4114989A1 (en) * 1991-05-08 1992-11-12 Vdo Schindling Electrically driven rotation pump e.g. for fuel - has successive armature rings with central flow channel for pumped medium
US5191247A (en) 1991-09-20 1993-03-02 Possell Clarence R Substantially noiseless fan for internally cooling electric motors
EP0531792A2 (en) * 1991-09-11 1993-03-17 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Fan, especially for vehicles
EP0569738A1 (en) 1992-05-12 1993-11-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Small commutator motor

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB150286A (en) * 1919-08-21 1921-07-14 Stanley Stacey Cramer Improvements in and relating to centrifugal pumps for use with pneumatically operated mechanisms
DE1628318B1 (en) * 1966-11-29 1970-09-24 Licentia Gmbh MOTOR FAN UNIT FOR VACUUM CLEANER
US3730642A (en) * 1971-10-14 1973-05-01 Vernco Corp Cooling means for motor of a wet pick-up vacuum sweeper
US4074156A (en) 1976-04-19 1978-02-14 Leeson Electric Corporation Air cooling means for dynamoelectric machine
GB2090480A (en) 1980-12-31 1982-07-07 Fcf Ltd Cooling electric motors in hairdryers
US4698537A (en) 1985-01-15 1987-10-06 Kollmorgen Technologies Corporation Electrical drive systems incorporating variable reluctance motors
EP0253436A1 (en) 1986-07-10 1988-01-20 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method and electronic circuit for starting a reluctance motor and reluctance motor provided with such an electronic circuit
EP0416468A1 (en) 1989-09-04 1991-03-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Air-cooled motor for use in vehicles
EP0427145A1 (en) * 1989-11-09 1991-05-15 Balzers-Pfeiffer GmbH Pump with driving motor
JPH04281390A (en) * 1991-03-07 1992-10-06 Secoh Giken Inc High speed motor
DE4114989A1 (en) * 1991-05-08 1992-11-12 Vdo Schindling Electrically driven rotation pump e.g. for fuel - has successive armature rings with central flow channel for pumped medium
EP0531792A2 (en) * 1991-09-11 1993-03-17 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Fan, especially for vehicles
US5191247A (en) 1991-09-20 1993-03-02 Possell Clarence R Substantially noiseless fan for internally cooling electric motors
EP0569738A1 (en) 1992-05-12 1993-11-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Small commutator motor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 17, no. 85 (E - 1322) 19 February 1993 (1993-02-19) *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0917279A2 (en) * 1997-10-16 1999-05-19 Normalair-Garrett (Holdings) Limited Motor cooling
EP0917279B1 (en) * 1997-10-16 2004-09-22 Normalair-Garrett (Holdings) Limited Motor cooling
EP1396922A2 (en) * 2002-08-08 2004-03-10 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding GmbH Reluctance motor
EP1396922A3 (en) * 2002-08-08 2004-03-24 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding GmbH Reluctance motor
US8341853B2 (en) 2005-07-30 2013-01-01 Dyson Technology Limited Drying apparatus
US8347522B2 (en) 2005-07-30 2013-01-08 Dyson Technology Limited Drying apparatus
US8347521B2 (en) 2005-07-30 2013-01-08 Dyson Technology Limited Drying apparatus
US8490291B2 (en) 2005-07-30 2013-07-23 Dyson Technology Limited Dryer
US8155508B2 (en) 2006-01-12 2012-04-10 Dyson Technology Limited Drying apparatus
CN105065296A (en) * 2015-08-20 2015-11-18 陈钦先 Novel horizontal single-segment type vacuum pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2282010A (en) 1995-03-22
GB9319172D0 (en) 1993-11-03

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