EP0633431B1 - Device for feeding fuel to a roller grate - Google Patents

Device for feeding fuel to a roller grate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0633431B1
EP0633431B1 EP94105945A EP94105945A EP0633431B1 EP 0633431 B1 EP0633431 B1 EP 0633431B1 EP 94105945 A EP94105945 A EP 94105945A EP 94105945 A EP94105945 A EP 94105945A EP 0633431 B1 EP0633431 B1 EP 0633431B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
roller
feed
charging
discharge edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94105945A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0633431A1 (en
Inventor
Albrecht Dr. Rolf
Dieter Goldammer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Babcock Lentjes Kraftwerkstechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Babcock Lentjes Kraftwerkstechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP0633431A1 publication Critical patent/EP0633431A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0633431B1 publication Critical patent/EP0633431B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/103Furnace arrangements with roller grate
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/10Waste feed arrangements using ram or pusher
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/16Waste feed arrangements using chute

Abstract

A feed shaft (7) is connected in front of a roller grate for the incineration, in particular, of rubbish. The roller grate has several cylindrical grate rollers (1) arranged along an inclined plane. The feed shaft (7) is intended for loading the roller grate and is provided at its bottom end with a feed opening (13) and a feed table (8) defining the feed opening (13) from below. A thrust piston (10) is guided back and forth in a sliding manner over the feed table (8). The grate roller (1) adjacent to the feed shaft (7) is arranged at a lateral distance from the discharge edge (11) of the feed table (8). The top vertex (14) of this grate roller (1) lies in the plane of the feed table (8) or at most up to half the radius of the grate roller (1) above or below this plane, so that a sump is formed between the discharge edge (11) and the said grate roller (1). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Aufgabe von Brennstoff, insbesondere Müll, auf einen Walzenrost mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches. Ein derartiger Vorrichtung ist aus Dokument DE-A-3 420 020 bekannt.The invention relates to a device for feeding fuel, in particular garbage, onto a roller grate with the features of the preamble of the claim. Such a device is known from document DE-A-3 420 020.

Eine solche Schubaufgabe-Vorrichtung stellt ein störungsunanfälliges Aggregat mit einer sicheren und wartungsarmen Betriebsweise dar. Bei dieser Schubaufgabe dient die Feststoffsäule innerhalb des Aufgabeschachtes aufgrund der Querschnittsverhältnisse des Aufgabeschachtes und der Aufgabeöffnung als Luftabschluß des Feuerraumes gegenüber der Außenatmosphäre. Jedoch wird hierdurch der Müll vor dem Eintritt in den Feuerraum verdichtet. Der so komprimierte Müll fällt beim Eintritt in den Feuerraum auf die erste Rostwalze und expandiert dort. Dies kann zeitweise zu einer diskontinuierlichen Beschickung führen, die mehr oder weniger starke Schwankungen in der Temperatur des Feuerraumes hervorrufen kann.Such a thrust feeder device is a failure-prone unit with a safe and low-maintenance mode of operation. With this thrust feeder, the solid column inside the feed shaft serves as an air seal of the combustion chamber from the outside atmosphere due to the cross-sectional relationships of the feed shaft and the feed opening. However, the waste is compacted before entering the combustion chamber. The garbage compressed in this way falls onto the first grate roller when it enters the combustion chamber and expands there. At times, this can lead to discontinuous feeding, which can cause more or less strong fluctuations in the temperature of the combustion chamber.

Es ist weiterhin bekannt (DE-GM 90 14 327), den Brennstoff auf einen Walzenrost mit Hilfe eines Plattenbandes aufzugeben, das eine kontinuierlichere Dosierung zuläßt. Damit der Brennstofftransport durch die Bandaufgabe erfolgen kann, darf die Querschnittshöhe der Aufgabeöffnung nicht wesentlich kleiner als die Tiefe des Aufgabeschachtes sein. Ferner ist ein genügend großer Neigungswinkel der Schachtwand erforderlich, oder aber die Plattenbandaufgabe muß zum Feuerraum hin geneigt ausgeführt sein. Da der Müll bei dieser Bandaufgabe vergleichsweise locker zum Feuerraum hin gefördert wird, ist ein Luftabschluß zwischen dem Aufgabeschacht und dem Feuerraum nur bedingt gegeben, so daß die Gefahr besteht, daß sich der Müll vor der Aufgabeöffnung entzündet und Rückbrände in den Aufgabeschacht hinein entstehen. Ferner muß man davon ausgehen, daß mit steigender Anzahl an mechanisch bewegten Teilen, wie Wellen, Ketten, Kettenräder, Lauf-, Stützrollen, Bolzen und Platten, die Gefahr von Störungen sowie der Wartungs- und Reparaturaufwand entsprechend zunehmen.It is also known (DE-GM 90 14 327) to put the fuel on a roller grate with the aid of a plate belt, which allows a more continuous metering. So that the fuel can be transported through the belt feed, the cross-sectional height of the feed opening must not be significantly smaller than the depth of the feed shaft. In addition, a sufficiently large angle of inclination of the shaft wall is required, or else the slab feed must be inclined towards the combustion chamber. Since the garbage is conveyed comparatively loosely to the firebox in this belt task, there is only a limited amount of air between the feed chute and the firebox, so that there is a risk that the garbage will ignite before the feed opening and burns back into the feed chute. Furthermore, it must be assumed that with an increasing number of mechanically moving parts, such as shafts, chains, sprockets, rollers, support rollers, bolts and plates, the risk of malfunctions and the maintenance and repair work increase accordingly.

Die Anzahl dieser Teile ist bei der Bandaufgabe erheblich größer als bei der Schubaufgabe, so daß dadurch ein weiterer Nachteil der Bandaufgabe gegenüber der Schubaufgabe gegeben ist. Der Vorteil einer kontinuierlicheren Brennstoffaufgabe wird daher mit Nachteilen erkauft.The number of these parts is considerably greater in the tape feed than in the pushing job, so that there is another disadvantage of the tape job compared to the push job. The advantage of a more continuous fuel feed is therefore bought with disadvantages.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die gattungsgemäße Schubaufgabe so zu gestalten, daß die Beschickung des Walzenrostes kontinuierlicher wird.The invention has for its object to design the generic thrust task so that the loading of the roller grate is continuous.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer gattungsgemäßen Vorrichtung erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches gelöst.This object is achieved in a generic device according to the invention by the characterizing features of the claim.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung der ersten Rostwalze wird ein Sumpf gebildet, in den der durch die Aufgabeöffnung austretende, verdichtete Müll expandieren kann, ohne dabei in den Feuerraum zu stürzen oder auf die erste Rostwalze zu fallen. Vielmehr wird der Müll aus dem Sumpf kontinuierlich und aufgelockert der ersten Rostwalze zum weiteren Transport zugeführt. Durch das in dem Sumpf entstehende Brennstoffreservoir ist der Schubkolben so gut geschützt, daß dieser betriebssicher weiter zum Feuerraum hin als bisher üblich vorgeschoben werden kann. Hierdurch wird es möglich, den zu verdichtenden Müllbereich auf die für einen sicheren Luftabschluß erforderliche Größe zu begrenzen und damit die Menge je Aufgabehub noch feiner dosiert dem Walzenrost zuzuführen. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist es, daß der bis zum Weitertransport in dem Sumpf lagernde Müll während seiner Verweilzeit durch die in dem Feuerraum herrschenden Temperaturen bereits vorgetrocknet wird.The arrangement of the first grate roller according to the invention forms a sump into which the compacted garbage emerging through the feed opening can expand without falling into the combustion chamber or falling onto the first grate roller. Rather, the garbage from the sump is fed continuously and loosely to the first grate roller for further transport. Due to the fuel reservoir created in the sump, the thrust piston is so well protected that it can be advanced to the combustion chamber in a more reliable manner than was previously the case. This makes it possible to limit the garbage area to be compacted to the size required for a safe air seal and thus to feed the quantity per feed stroke to the roller grate in even finer doses. Another advantage is that the garbage stored in the sump until further transport is already pre-dried during its dwell time by the temperatures prevailing in the combustion chamber.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt den Längsschnitt durch einen Walzenrost mit einer Aufgabevorrichtung. Der Walzenrost besteht aus mehreren achsparallel nebeneinander und mit Abstand voneinander angeordneten, hohlzylindrischen, in der gleichen Drehrichtung angetriebenen Rostwalzen 1. Zwischen den Rostwalzen 1 befindet sich jeweils ein Stauraum 2, der unten durch Abstreifer 3 begrenzt ist. Der äußere Abschluß des Walzenkörpers der Rostwalzen 1 ist, wie an sich bekannt, durch Roststabträger gebildet, in die gebogene Roststäbe eingehängt sind. Unterhalb jeder Rostwalze 1 ist ein Aschetrichter 4 angeordnet, über den Verbrennungsluft zugeführt und durch den der Rostdurchfall abgeführt wird. Über eine später beschriebene Schubaufgabe wird dem Walzenrost Brennstoff, im vorliegenden Fall Müll, zugeführt. Der aufgegebene Müll wird von der ersten Rostwalze 1 erfaßt, gelangt in den Stauraum 2 zwischen der ersten und der nachfolgenden Rostwalze 1, wo er durch den Abstreifer 3 von der ersten Rostwalze 1 abgestreift und in dem Stauraum 2 umgewälzt wird, bevor er von der nachfolgenden Rostwalze 1 erfaßt und weitertransportiert wird.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below. The drawing shows the longitudinal section through a roller grate with a feed device. The roller grate consists of several, parallel to one another and spaced apart from each other, hollow cylindrical, in the same direction of rotation driven grate rollers 1. Between the grate rollers 1 there is a storage space 2 which is delimited at the bottom by wipers 3. The outer end of the roller body of the grate rollers 1 is, as is known per se, formed by grate bar supports in which curved grate bars are suspended. An ash funnel 4 is arranged below each grate roller 1, through which combustion air is fed and through which the grate diarrhea is removed. Fuel, in the present case garbage, is fed to the roller grate via a thrust task described later. The abandoned garbage is detected by the first grate roller 1, enters the storage space 2 between the first and the subsequent grate roller 1, where it is stripped by the scraper 3 from the first grate roller 1 and circulated in the storage space 2 before being removed by the subsequent one Grate roller 1 is detected and transported on.

Zwischen dem Walzenrost, einer aus gasdicht miteinander verbundenen und von Wasser oder Wasserdampf durchströmten Rohren 5 aufgebauten Decke und nicht dargestellten Seitenwänden ist ein Feuerraum 6 gebildet. Der Feuerraum 6 dient der Nachverbrennung und der Abführung der durch die Verbrennung des Mülls entstandenen Rauchgase.A combustion chamber 6 is formed between the roller grate, a ceiling constructed from tubes 5, which are connected to one another in a gastight manner and through which water or steam flows, and side walls, not shown. The combustion chamber 6 is used for the afterburning and the removal of the flue gases resulting from the combustion of the waste.

Dem Walzenrost ist ein Aufgabeschacht 7 vorgeschaltet, der unten durch einen waagerechten Aufgabetisch 8 begrenzt ist. Über den Aufgabetisch 8 gleitet ein durch eine Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung 9 angetriebener Schubkolben 10. In der Zeichnung ist der Schubkolben 10 in der zurückgezogenen Ruhestellung dargestellt. Die gestrichelten Linienzüge geben die Betriebsstellung des Schubkolbens 10 wieder. Dabei wird der Schubkolben 10 aus der linken, rückwärtigen Stellung bis in die Nähe der Abwurfkante 11 des Aufgabetisches 8 verschoben. Zwischen der Abwurfkante 11 des Aufgabetisches 8 und der ersten Rostwalze 1 befindet sich ein abgestufter oder schräg nach unten weisender Boden 12.A feed chute 7 is connected upstream of the roller grate and is delimited at the bottom by a horizontal feed table 8. A thrust piston 10 driven by a piston-cylinder arrangement 9 slides over the feed table 8. In the drawing, the thrust piston 10 is shown in the retracted rest position. The dashed lines represent the operating position of the thrust piston 10. The thrust piston 10 is shifted from the left, rearward position to the vicinity of the discharge edge 11 of the feed table 8. A stepped or obliquely downward-pointing floor 12 is located between the discharge edge 11 of the feed table 8 and the first grate roller 1.

Im unteren Teil weist der Aufgabeschacht 7 eine Aufgabeöffnung 13 auf, die sich über die gesamte Breite des Aufgabeschachtes 7 erstreckt und unten durch den Aufgabetisch 8 begrenzt ist. Die Höhe der Aufgabeöffnung 13 ist wesentlich kleiner als die Tiefe des Aufgabeschachtes 7. Dadurch wird der Müll vor der Aufgabeöffnung 13 verdichtet und bildet einen luftdichten Stopfen zwischen dem Feuerraum 6 der Außenatmosphäre oberhalb des offenen Aufgabeschachtes 7.In the lower part, the feed chute 7 has a feed opening 13 which extends over the entire width of the feed chute 7 and is delimited at the bottom by the feed table 8. The The height of the feed opening 13 is substantially smaller than the depth of the feed shaft 7. As a result, the garbage is compacted in front of the feed opening 13 and forms an airtight plug between the combustion chamber 6 of the outside atmosphere above the open feed shaft 7.

Die erste, also die dem Aufgabeschacht 7 benachbarte Rostwalze 1 ist in einem seitlichen Abstand von der Abwurfkante 11 des Aufgabetisches 8 angeordnet. Ihr oberer Scheitelpunkt 14 liegt vorzugsweise etwa in der Ebene des Aufgabetisches 8. Dabei sind Abweichung von dieser Ebene um einen halben Radius der Rostwalze 1 nach unten oder oben möglich. Bedingt durch diese Anordnung der ersten Rostwalze 1 bildet sich oberhalb des Bodens 12 ein Sumpf 15 aus, in den der aus der Aufgabeöffnung 13 herausgedrückte Müll expandiert. Dadurch wird der Müll aufgelockert und kontinuierlich der ersten Rostwalze 1 zugeführt.The first, that is, the grate roller 1 adjacent to the feed chute 7 is arranged at a lateral distance from the discharge edge 11 of the feed table 8. Its upper apex 14 is preferably approximately in the plane of the feed table 8. Deviations from this plane by half a radius of the grate roller 1 downwards or upwards are possible. Due to this arrangement of the first grate roller 1, a sump 15 is formed above the bottom 12, into which the garbage pressed out of the feed opening 13 expands. As a result, the waste is loosened and continuously fed to the first grate roller 1.

Claims (1)

  1. Device for the charging of fuel, in particular of refuse, onto a roller grate with several cylindrical grate rollers (1) arranged along an inclined plane, wherein a charging shaft (7), which is provided at its lower end with a charging opening (13) and with a charging table (8), which bounds the charging opening (13) and displays a discharge edge (11) and across which a pusher piston (10) is guided to slide to and fro, is connected upstream of the roller grate, wherein a base (12), which is stepped or points obliquely downwards, is disposed between the discharge edge (11) and the first grate roller and wherein the cross-section of the charging opening (13) is smaller than the cross-section of the charging shaft (7), characterised thereby, that the grate roller (1) neighbouring the charging shaft (7) is arranged at a lateral spacing from the discharge edge (11) of the charging table (8) and that the upper crest point (14) of this grate roller (1) lies either in the plane of the charging table (8) or above or below this plane by at most half the radius of the grate roller (1), whereby a sump (15) of the fuel is formed between the discharge edge (11) and the first grate roller.
EP94105945A 1993-07-09 1994-04-16 Device for feeding fuel to a roller grate Expired - Lifetime EP0633431B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4322909 1993-07-09
DE4322909A DE4322909A1 (en) 1993-07-09 1993-07-09 Device for feeding fuel onto a roller grate

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0633431A1 EP0633431A1 (en) 1995-01-11
EP0633431B1 true EP0633431B1 (en) 1996-07-17

Family

ID=6492354

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94105945A Expired - Lifetime EP0633431B1 (en) 1993-07-09 1994-04-16 Device for feeding fuel to a roller grate

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0633431B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE140526T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4322909A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0633431T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2091063T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19707914A1 (en) * 1997-02-27 1998-09-03 Babcock Anlagen Gmbh Expresso brewing head unit
CN101532669B (en) * 2008-12-17 2011-02-16 伟明环保设备有限公司 Intermediate compensation mechanism for multi-row garbage incinerator grates
CN102563660B (en) * 2012-02-10 2013-11-20 袁永扬 Closed garbage incinerator

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1401889A1 (en) * 1960-04-22 1969-03-13 Stadt Duesseldorf Waste incineration plant
DE1551906B2 (en) * 1966-03-01 1976-05-06 Martin, Johannes Josef, Dr.-Ing., 8000 München FEEDING DEVICE FOR LARGE FIRES, IN PARTICULAR WASTE INCINERATION PLANTS
DE1260665B (en) * 1967-05-23 1968-02-08 Ver Kesselwerke Ag Grate covering for the grate rollers of a roller grate in waste incineration plants
JPS59107116A (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-06-21 Kubota Ltd Incinerator
DE3324627A1 (en) * 1983-07-08 1985-01-24 Müllverbrennungsanlage Wuppertal GmbH, 5600 Wuppertal Process for the combustion of refuse
DE3420020A1 (en) * 1983-12-23 1985-07-04 Müllverbrennungsanlage Wuppertal GmbH, 5600 Wuppertal RUST BAR AND RUST ROLLER FOR THE ROLL GRID e.g. A WASTE COMBUSTION PLANT OR THE LIKE
SU1756741A1 (en) * 1989-11-21 1992-08-23 Научно-Производственное Объединение По Исследованию И Проектированию Энергетического Оборудования Им.И.И.Ползунова Furnace for burning household garbage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59400432D1 (en) 1996-08-22
EP0633431A1 (en) 1995-01-11
ATE140526T1 (en) 1996-08-15
DK0633431T3 (en) 1996-11-25
ES2091063T3 (en) 1996-10-16
DE4322909A1 (en) 1995-01-12

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