EP0627597B1 - Method for the combustion of waste products resulting from the production of paper - Google Patents
Method for the combustion of waste products resulting from the production of paper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0627597B1 EP0627597B1 EP94100663A EP94100663A EP0627597B1 EP 0627597 B1 EP0627597 B1 EP 0627597B1 EP 94100663 A EP94100663 A EP 94100663A EP 94100663 A EP94100663 A EP 94100663A EP 0627597 B1 EP0627597 B1 EP 0627597B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- process according
- layer
- combustion
- captured substances
- incineration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
- F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion by discharging the air below the fire
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for burning trapping materials from paper production, the trapping materials being burned in a layer with a downwind.
- the raw material i.e. the paper fiber damaged.
- the latter can be reused about five times before it breaks.
- the resulting pieces of fiber accumulate in the production water and are collected via flotation plants.
- the concentrate mainly consists of wood and cellulose fibers, which are called trapping materials.
- the capture materials are pre-dried and layered and then overlaid with so-called residual materials, which mainly consist of plastic in the form of adhesive tapes, foils and the like, and burned to form a slag, for which in practice the underwind is supplied stoichiometrically.
- residual materials which mainly consist of plastic in the form of adhesive tapes, foils and the like.
- the invention has for its object to burn catches alone to slag in the process of the type mentioned.
- the invention teaches that the trapping materials with a calorific value of at least 4,000 kJ / kg (based on 60% dry substance) are burned to a slag in a crumbly consistency to sub-stoichiometric.
- the invention is based on the knowledge gained from studies that the above-mentioned sole combustion of capture materials to a maximum proportion of slag is not successful because, after a drying phase, the highly volatile combustible components of the capture materials burn immediately before the combustion of the remaining components begins.
- the easily combustible (volatile) and the more difficultly combustible constituents of the capture materials are burned at the highest possible combustion temperature at practically the same time, which means practically a delayed combustion of the volatile constituents.
- the crumbly or granular structure of the capture materials is preferably achieved by mechanical compacting and / or addition of agglomeration additives, ie additives which cause the fibers to agglomerate.
- agglomeration additives ie additives which cause the fibers to agglomerate.
- care must be taken to ensure that all subsequent manipulations no longer result in disintegration into fluffy components.
- the specified minimum calorific value of 4,000 kJ / kg enables the incineration material to burn itself, if necessary, the incineration material must be pre-dried accordingly before combustion.
- the above-mentioned structural preservation of the capture material must also be ensured during the drying process. For example, no drying systems that result in grain decomposition may be used; instead, the material should be dried without mechanical action and then fed directly to the combustion grate if possible.
- Catching materials from paper production are put into a crumbly structure by mechanical compacting. After a subsequent pre-drying, in which the granular structure is retained, the calorific value is 5,000 kJ / kg.
- These capture materials are placed on an inclined vibrating grate, which is 3.2 m wide and 6 m long.
- the vibrating grate has a step of approximately 20 cm in height at a distance of approximately 1.5 m.
- the capture materials form a layer of approx. 30 cm high on the rocking grate.
- the underwind supply is adjusted so that a maximum combustion temperature is reached with slight understoichiometry. With a dwell time of around 40 minutes, flawless sintered slag forms at the end of the vibrating grate.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Fangstoffen aus der Papiererzeugung, wobei die Fangstoffe in einer Schicht mit Unterwind verbrannt werden.The invention relates to a method for burning trapping materials from paper production, the trapping materials being burned in a layer with a downwind.
Beim Altpapierrecycling wird der Rohstoff, d.h. die Papierfaser geschädigt. Letztere kann etwa fünfmal wiederverwendet werden, bevor sie bricht. Die dabei entstehenden Faserstücke reichern sich in Produktionswasser an und werden über Flotationsanlagen aufgefangen. Das Konzentrat besteht zum überwiegenden Teil aus Holz- und Zellstoffasern, die man als Fangstoffe bezeichnet.In the recycling of waste paper, the raw material, i.e. the paper fiber damaged. The latter can be reused about five times before it breaks. The resulting pieces of fiber accumulate in the production water and are collected via flotation plants. The concentrate mainly consists of wood and cellulose fibers, which are called trapping materials.
Im Rahmen der bekannten Maßnahmen der eingangs genannten Art (EP-A-347 519) werden die Fangstoffe vorgetrocknet und geschichtet sowie anschließend mit sogenannten Reststoffen, die hauptsächlich aus Kunststoff in Form von Klebebändern, Folien und dergleichen bestehen, überschichtet und zu einer Schlacke verbrannt, wozu in der Praxis der Unterwind überstöchiometrisch zugeführt wird. Verbrennt man in der beschriebenen Art und Weise die Fangstoffe allein, d.h. ohne Überschichtung mit Reststoffen, entsteht nur wenig Schlacke oder nur Schlacke, die aufgrund ihres Eluatverhaltens Einschränkungen bezüglich der Wiederverwendbarkeit unterliegt. Überwiegend wird jedoch Asche erzeugt, die im ungünstigsten Fall sogar eine Deponierung erfordert.As part of the known measures of the type mentioned at the outset (EP-A-347 519), the capture materials are pre-dried and layered and then overlaid with so-called residual materials, which mainly consist of plastic in the form of adhesive tapes, foils and the like, and burned to form a slag, for which in practice the underwind is supplied stoichiometrically. If the capture materials are burned alone in the manner described, ie without overlaying with residual materials, only a small amount of slag or only slag is formed which, due to its eluate behavior, is subject to restrictions with regard to reusability. Mostly, however, ash is generated, which in the worst case even requires landfilling.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, im Rahmen des Verfahrens der eingangs genannten Art Fangstoffe allein zu Schlacke zu verbrennen.The invention has for its object to burn catches alone to slag in the process of the type mentioned.
Hierzu lehrt die Erfindung, die Fangstoffe mit einem Heizwert von mindestens 4.000 kJ/kg (bezogen auf 60% Trockensubstanz) in einer krümeligen Konsistenz unterstöchiometrisch zu Schlacke zu verbrennen.To this end, the invention teaches that the trapping materials with a calorific value of at least 4,000 kJ / kg (based on 60% dry substance) are burned to a slag in a crumbly consistency to sub-stoichiometric.
Die Erfindung geht hierbei von der aus Untersuchungen gewonnenen Erkenntnis aus, daß die oben erwähnte alleinige Verbrennung von Fangstoffen zu einem maximalen Schlackeanteil deshalb nicht gelingt, weil nach einer Trocknungsphase sofort die hochflüchtigen brennbaren Bestandteile der Fangstoffe verbrennen, bevor die Verbrennung der restlichen Bestandteile beginnt. Für eine sichere Schlackenbildung ist es aber erforderlich, daß die leicht verbrennbaren (flüchtigen) und die schwerer verbrennbaren Bestandteile der Fangstoffe praktisch zur selben Zeit bei höchstmöglicher Verbrennungstemperatur verbrannt werden, was praktisch eine verzögerte Verbrennung der flüchtigen Bestandteile bedeutet. Erfindungsgemäß wird das einerseits durch den Einsatz der Fangstoffe in krümeliger bzw. körniger Struktur, die im Gegensatz zu einer faserigen Struktur eine praktisch gleichzeitige Verbrennung aller Bestandteile zur selben Zeit bewirkt, und andererseits durch die unterstöchiometrische Verbrennung erreicht. Unterstöchiometrische Verbrennung meint hierbei eine so nah wie möglich an die Stöchiometrie herangehende, jedenfalls eine maximale Verbrennungstemperatur ergebende Luftzufuhr, die je nach Einsatzmaterial durch Versuche leicht ermittelbar ist.The invention is based on the knowledge gained from studies that the above-mentioned sole combustion of capture materials to a maximum proportion of slag is not successful because, after a drying phase, the highly volatile combustible components of the capture materials burn immediately before the combustion of the remaining components begins. For reliable slag formation, however, it is necessary that the easily combustible (volatile) and the more difficultly combustible constituents of the capture materials are burned at the highest possible combustion temperature at practically the same time, which means practically a delayed combustion of the volatile constituents. According to the invention, this is achieved on the one hand through the use of the capture substances in a crumbly or granular structure, which, in contrast to a fibrous structure, causes practically simultaneous combustion of all components at the same time, and on the other hand through the substoichiometric combustion. Understoichiometric combustion here means a stoichiometry that comes as close as possible, or at least a maximum combustion temperature Air supply which, depending on the feed material, can easily be determined by experiments.
Die krümelige bzw. körnige Struktur der Fangstoffe wird vorzugsweise durch mechanische Kompaktierung und/oder Beigabe von Ballungsadditiven, d.h. eine Zusammenballung der Fasern bewirkenden Additiven erreicht. In diesem Zusammenhang ist darauf zu achten, daß alle nachfolgenden Manipulationen keine Zerlegung in fusselige Bestandteile mehr ergeben. Der angegebene Mindestheizwert von 4.000 kJ/kg ermöglicht eine selbstgängige Verbrennung der Fangstoffe, gegebenenfalls sind die Fangstoffe vor der Verbrennung entsprechend vorzutrocknen. Die vorerwähnte Strukturerhaltung des Fangstoffes muß auch während des Trocknungsvorganges gewährleistet werden. So dürfen keine Trocknungssysteme eingesetzt werden, die eine Kornzersetzung zur Folge haben, sondern das Gut sollte gegebenenfalls ohne mechanische Einwirkung getrocknet und dann möglichst direkt dem Verbrennungsrost zugeführt werden. Zum Erhalt der für maximale Verbrennungstemperatur erforderlichen unterstöchiometrischen Unterwindzufuhr empfiehlt es sich, oberhalb der verbrennenden Schicht den Sauerstoff-, Kohlendioxid- und Kohlenmonoxidgehalt zu messen und in Abhängigkeit von den gemessenen Gehalten die Unterwindzufuhr einzustellen; hierbei ist es besonders günstig, wenn die Messung der Gehalte und Einstellung der Unterwindzufuhr in in Schichtbewegungsrichtung aufeinanderfolgenden Zonen unabhängig voneinander vorgenommen werden. Zweckmäßigerweise wird man die Verbrennung der Schicht auf einem von einem Aufgabeende zu einem Abgabeende hin geneigten Schwingrost durchführen. Hierbei ist es empfehlenswert, die Fangstoffe mit Hilfe zwischengeschalteter Schwingroststufen, die vorzugsweise eine Höhe von 15 bis 20 cm aufweisen sollten, einem Umwälzeffekt zu unterwerfen, der eine Verkürzung der Verbrennungszone besorgt.The crumbly or granular structure of the capture materials is preferably achieved by mechanical compacting and / or addition of agglomeration additives, ie additives which cause the fibers to agglomerate. In this context, care must be taken to ensure that all subsequent manipulations no longer result in disintegration into fluffy components. The specified minimum calorific value of 4,000 kJ / kg enables the incineration material to burn itself, if necessary, the incineration material must be pre-dried accordingly before combustion. The above-mentioned structural preservation of the capture material must also be ensured during the drying process. For example, no drying systems that result in grain decomposition may be used; instead, the material should be dried without mechanical action and then fed directly to the combustion grate if possible. To maintain the sub-stoichiometric underwind supply required for maximum combustion temperature, it is recommended to measure the oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide content above the burning layer and to adjust the underwind supply depending on the measured contents; it is particularly favorable here if the measurement of the contents and the setting of the underwind supply are carried out independently of one another in zones which follow one another in the direction of the layer movement. Expediently, one will burn the layer on one from a feed end to a discharge end Carry out sloping rust. In this case, it is advisable to subject the trapping materials to a circulation effect with the aid of intermediate vibrating grate steps, which should preferably have a height of 15 to 20 cm, which shortens the combustion zone.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert:The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment:
Fangstoffe aus der Papiererzeugung werden durch mechanische Kompaktierung in eine krümelige Struktur versetzt. Nach einer anschließenden Vortrocknung, bei der die körnige Struktur erhalten bleibt, beträgt der Heizwert 5.000 kJ/kg. Diese Fangstoffe werden auf einen schräggestellten Schwingrost aufgegeben, der eine Breite von 3,2 m und eine Länge von etwa 6 m besitzt. Außerdem weist der Schwingrost im Abstand von ca. 1,5 m je eine Stufe von etwa 20 cm Höhe auf. Auf dem Schwingrost bilden die Fangstoffe eine Schicht von ca.30 cm Höhe. Die Unterwindzufuhr wird so eingestellt, daß sich bei leichter Unterstöchiometrie eine maximale Verbrennungstemperatur einstellt. Bei einer Verweilzeit von etwa 40 Minuten bildet sich am Ende des Schwingrostes einwandfreie angesinterte Schlacke.Catching materials from paper production are put into a crumbly structure by mechanical compacting. After a subsequent pre-drying, in which the granular structure is retained, the calorific value is 5,000 kJ / kg. These capture materials are placed on an inclined vibrating grate, which is 3.2 m wide and 6 m long. In addition, the vibrating grate has a step of approximately 20 cm in height at a distance of approximately 1.5 m. The capture materials form a layer of approx. 30 cm high on the rocking grate. The underwind supply is adjusted so that a maximum combustion temperature is reached with slight understoichiometry. With a dwell time of around 40 minutes, flawless sintered slag forms at the end of the vibrating grate.
Claims (7)
- A process for the incineration of captured substances from paper production, wherein the captured substances are incinerated in a layer with underblast, characterised in that captured substances with a calorific value of at least 4000 kJ/kg and with a crumb-like consistency are incinerated substoichiometrically to form clinker.
- A process according to claim 1, characterised in that the captured substances are mechanically compacted before incineration.
- A process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that agglomeration additives are added to the captured substances before incineration.
- A process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide content above the burning layer is measured and the underblast feed is adjusted depending on the measured contents.
- A process according to claim 4, characterised in that the measurement of the contents and the adjustment of the underblast feed are effected independently of each other in successive zones in the direction of movement of the layer.
- A process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the incineration of the layer is carried out on a sloping oscillating bar grate, characterised in that the captured substances are circulated with the aid of inserted oscillating bar grate steps.
- A process according to claim 6, characterised in that the oscillating bar grate steps have a height of 15 to 20 cm.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4318272 | 1993-06-03 | ||
| DE4318272 | 1993-06-03 | ||
| DE4337420A DE4337420A1 (en) | 1993-06-03 | 1993-11-03 | Process for burning trapping materials from paper production |
| DE4337420 | 1993-11-03 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0627597A1 EP0627597A1 (en) | 1994-12-07 |
| EP0627597B1 true EP0627597B1 (en) | 1996-07-24 |
Family
ID=25926410
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94100663A Expired - Lifetime EP0627597B1 (en) | 1993-06-03 | 1994-01-18 | Method for the combustion of waste products resulting from the production of paper |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0627597B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE140784T1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2264248A1 (en) * | 1974-03-15 | 1975-10-10 | Pigeon Maurice | Waste incinerator with movable grate - has grate bars rotatable to move ash over inclined grate path |
| JPS5989921A (en) * | 1982-11-11 | 1984-05-24 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Sludge feeding method in sludge incinerator system with drying machine |
| JPS60166397A (en) * | 1984-02-07 | 1985-08-29 | Tsutomu Matsuzaki | Production of fuel from residue in recycling waste paper |
| JPS62591A (en) * | 1986-06-13 | 1987-01-06 | Shintaro Igawa | Production of solid fuel |
| EP0347519B1 (en) * | 1988-06-24 | 1993-12-29 | Oschatz Gmbh | Process for eliminating waste products resulting from the recycling of waste paper in the paper and cardboard industry |
-
1994
- 1994-01-18 EP EP94100663A patent/EP0627597B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-18 AT AT94100663T patent/ATE140784T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0627597A1 (en) | 1994-12-07 |
| ATE140784T1 (en) | 1996-08-15 |
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