EP0625086B1 - Improvements relating to cutting devices - Google Patents
Improvements relating to cutting devices Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0625086B1 EP0625086B1 EP93902457A EP93902457A EP0625086B1 EP 0625086 B1 EP0625086 B1 EP 0625086B1 EP 93902457 A EP93902457 A EP 93902457A EP 93902457 A EP93902457 A EP 93902457A EP 0625086 B1 EP0625086 B1 EP 0625086B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- cutting device
- cutting member
- face
- cutting edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
- B26D7/086—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by vibrating, e.g. ultrasonically
Definitions
- This invention is concerned with improvements relating to cutting devices, particularly cutting devices which are operative at high (ultrasonic) frequency.
- a cutting device comprising:
- the cutting member whilst being generally annular, is provided in its outer surface with “flats”, or surfaces curved on different centres.
- the centre of the annulus constitutes a theoretical anti-node, and vibration will occur alternately radially outwardly and inwardly from the centre of the annulus, so that the cutting member effects a "pulsation".
- the cutting edge may subtend at an angle of between 45° and 270°, although in practise a cutting edge above 180° is unlikely to be of wide value, and preferably the range of the cutting edge is between 60° and 160°, with a cutting edge vibrating radially of the annular cutting member.
- the cutting edge may be V-shape in cross-section, or two parallel cutting edges may be provided by machining a V-shape or U-shape groove into circumference of the cutting member at least over the circumferential distance thereof required to perform a cutting operation.
- Such a cutting device may be used for cutting brittle and hard materials, such a ceramics or concrete, or soft materials, such as fabric, or foodstuffs.
- Equation (1) is a well known Bessel equation and a discrete solution is obtained for radial motion (after Watson 1962 Theory of Bessel Functions; London, Cambridge University Press) for an annular ring with inner and outer radii R1 and R2 or at R1 and R2 with zero stress.
- K(R1 + R2) 2n
- n is an integer, which means that radial motion occurs when the mean circumference of the annular ring (R1 + R2) is equal to an integral number of wavelengths.
- the analysis shows that radial motion is independent of disc thickness.
- Finite Element modelling eg PAFEC'S FEA Computer Programmes, Nottingham, UK
- the disc dimensions now enables the disc dimensions to be calculated to show that the radial mode vibration of a disc 150 mm outer and 50 mm inner diameter, and of aluminium with 4% copper alloy giving vibrational frequency of 18.2 kHz.
- the device may comprise a plurality of cutting members secured (e.g. by welding or bolting) in parallel array to a single drive member, to enable a plurality of parallel cuts to be produced simultaneously.
- the device which is the first embodiment of the invention comprises an annular cutting member 6 having an inner radius of 50mm and an outer radius of 150mm, the cutting member being of aluminium with 4% copper alloy.
- the member 6 is provided with a flat drive face 8 on one side of diametral plane, by which the cutting member is attached to an ultrasonic horn 10 providing a source of ultrasonic vibrations at a frequency of 18.2 kHz.
- the face 8 will constitute an anti-node (portion of maximum displacement) and the centre of the aperture 12 of the member 6 providing a theoretical node. With such a construction, the member 6 vibrates radially inwardly and outwardly, as shown by the arrows, in a pulsating manner.
- the member 6 is provided with a circumferential cutting edge 14 subtending an angle of about 180° at the centre of the member which in the operation of the drive vibrates at a substantially uniform amplitude, allowing when the device is moved in the direction of the arrow A through a substrate 18, a cutting action to be effected.
- parallel cutting edges 20 a , 20 b are afforded by the provision of a generally U-shape groove or channel into the circumferential edge of the cutting member, to enable twin cutting tracks to be provided.
- a plurality, specifically three cutting member 6 a , 6 b , 6 c are connected in parallel to a multi-stage ultrasonic horn 28, whereby the cutting edges 14 are all caused to vibrate together, enabling a multiple cut to be obtained in the substrate.
- the cutting member is annular, if desired "flats" or alternatively curved faces may be provided on the other circumference.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention is concerned with improvements relating to cutting devices, particularly cutting devices which are operative at high (ultrasonic) frequency.
- There is disclosed in DE-A-2504019 a cutting member which is secured at an axial plane to a source of ultrasonic vibrations, the cutting member comprising a cutting element which extends radially from the cutting member.
- According to this invention there is provided a cutting device comprising:
- [a] a generally annular cutting member having on one side of a diametral plane a driving face to be attached to a source of ultrasonic vibrations, said vibrations acting in a direction radially of the member; and
- [b] a cutting edge extending circumferentially of the cutting member on the other side of said diametral plane.
- Preferably the cutting member, whilst being generally annular, is provided in its outer surface with "flats", or surfaces curved on different centres.
- By attachment of a circumferential portion of the cutting member to (e.g.) an ultrasonic horn at an anti- node, the centre of the annulus constitutes a theoretical anti-node, and vibration will occur alternately radially outwardly and inwardly from the centre of the annulus, so that the cutting member effects a "pulsation".
- Thus, the cutting edge may subtend at an angle of between 45° and 270°, although in practise a cutting edge above 180° is unlikely to be of wide value, and preferably the range of the cutting edge is between 60° and 160°, with a cutting edge vibrating radially of the annular cutting member.
- The cutting edge may be V-shape in cross-section, or two parallel cutting edges may be provided by machining a V-shape or U-shape groove into circumference of the cutting member at least over the circumferential distance thereof required to perform a cutting operation.
- Such a cutting device may be used for cutting brittle and hard materials, such a ceramics or concrete, or soft materials, such as fabric, or foodstuffs.
- A theoretical analysis of radial vibrations in thin annular discs can be found in Young, Winsper and Sansomes papers in Applied Acoustics
vol 3 1990 P212-216. The wave equation for pure radial simple harmonic motion can be written as: - Where
- W is angular velocity
- Cr is wave velocity in a radial direction
- Equation (1) is a well known Bessel equation and a discrete solution is obtained for radial motion (after Watson 1962 Theory of Bessel Functions; London, Cambridge University Press) for an annular ring with inner and outer radii R1 and R2 or at R1 and R2 with zero stress.
- In the
region 1>KR1> 0.3 a simple approximate solution can be written - Thus, preferably the ratio of the inner radius R1 to the outer radius R2 of the annular disc is determined by the equation K (R1 + R2) = 2N, to within an accuracy of plus/minum 5%.
- The device may comprise a plurality of cutting members secured (e.g. by welding or bolting) in parallel array to a single drive member, to enable a plurality of parallel cuts to be produced simultaneously.
- The invention will become more clear from the following description, to be read with reference to the accompanying drawings, of cutting devices which have been selected for the purposes of illustrating the invention by way of example.
- In the accompanying drawings:
- FIGURES 1a and 1b are respectively side and front elevations of a cutting device which is the first embodiment of the invention;
- FIGURES 2a and 2b are respectively side and front elevations of the cutting device which is the second embodiment of the invention; and
- FIGURE 3 is a schematic view showing a multi-bladed cutting device.
- The device which is the first embodiment of the invention comprises an
annular cutting member 6 having an inner radius of 50mm and an outer radius of 150mm, the cutting member being of aluminium with 4% copper alloy. Themember 6 is provided with aflat drive face 8 on one side of diametral plane, by which the cutting member is attached to anultrasonic horn 10 providing a source of ultrasonic vibrations at a frequency of 18.2 kHz. Theface 8 will constitute an anti-node (portion of maximum displacement) and the centre of theaperture 12 of themember 6 providing a theoretical node. With such a construction, themember 6 vibrates radially inwardly and outwardly, as shown by the arrows, in a pulsating manner. Themember 6 is provided with acircumferential cutting edge 14 subtending an angle of about 180° at the centre of the member which in the operation of the drive vibrates at a substantially uniform amplitude, allowing when the device is moved in the direction of the arrow A through asubstrate 18, a cutting action to be effected. - In the second embodiment,
parallel cutting edges 20a, 20b are afforded by the provision of a generally U-shape groove or channel into the circumferential edge of the cutting member, to enable twin cutting tracks to be provided. - In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 3, a plurality, specifically three
cutting member ultrasonic horn 28, whereby thecutting edges 14 are all caused to vibrate together, enabling a multiple cut to be obtained in the substrate. - It will of course be appreciated that by the utilisation of a cutting member of the kind illustrated in Figure 2, a multiple increase of the number of cuts may be obtained.
- By the use of the invention a significantly deeper cut than may conventionally be obtained may be made, and the device may be used to cut a wide variety of materials, including those with which difficulty may otherwise be experienced.
- Whilst in the preferred embodiment the cutting member is annular, if desired "flats" or alternatively curved faces may be provided on the other circumference.
Claims (9)
- A cutting device comprising(a) a generally annular cutting member (6, 6a, 6b, 6c) having on one side of a diametral plane a driving face (8) to be attached to a source (10) of ultrasonic vibrations, said vibrations acting in a direction radially of the member; and(b) a cutting edge (14, 20a, 20b) extending circumferentially of the cutting member (6) on the other side of said diametral plane.
- A cutting device according to Claim 1 wherein the cutting member is provided on its outer surface with a flat, or a surface curved on a different centre, constituting said driving face (8).
- A cutting device according to one of Claims 1 and 2 wherein the cutting edge subtends an angle of between 45° and 270°, preferably between 60° and 160°.
- A cutting device according to any one of the preceding claims wherein he cutting edge is V-shape in cross section.
- A cutting device according to any one of Claims 1, 2 and 3 wherein to parallel cutting edges (20a, 20b) are provided by machining a V-shape or U-shape groove into the circumference of the cutting member at least over part of the circumferential distance thereof.
- A cutting device according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a plurality of cutting members (6a, 6b, 6c) secured in parallel array to a single drive member 28.
- A cutting device according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the values of the inner radius R1 and the outer radius R2 are in approximate accordance with the equation K (R1 + R2) = 2N.
- A cutting device according to Claim 7 wherein said approximation is to within plus/minus 5%.
- A cutting mechanism comprising a cutting device according to any one of the preceding claims and an ultrasonic device (10) attached to a flat drive surface (8) on the circumference of the cutting device with the circumferentially extending cutting edge (14, 20) located generally opposite to the drive face.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB929201785A GB9201785D0 (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1992-01-28 | Improvements relating to cutting devices |
GB9201785 | 1992-01-28 | ||
PCT/GB1993/000159 WO1993014912A1 (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1993-01-25 | Improvements relating to cutting devices |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0625086A1 EP0625086A1 (en) | 1994-11-23 |
EP0625086B1 true EP0625086B1 (en) | 1997-04-02 |
Family
ID=10709381
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93902457A Expired - Lifetime EP0625086B1 (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1993-01-25 | Improvements relating to cutting devices |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0625086B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE151004T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU3363693A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69309445T2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9201785D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993014912A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2282559B (en) * | 1993-10-07 | 1998-04-15 | Rawson Francis F H | Ultrasonic cutting device |
GB9610417D0 (en) * | 1996-05-17 | 1996-07-24 | Rawson Francis F H | Horn tuning and adjustment |
GB2325192B (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 2001-03-07 | Rawson Francis F H | Cutting devices |
GB2325874B (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 2000-08-16 | Rawson Francis F H | Ultrasonic cutting device |
GB9711538D0 (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 1997-07-30 | Rawson Francis F H | Improvements relating to cutting devices |
DE102022102942A1 (en) | 2022-02-08 | 2023-08-10 | Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cutting sonotrode for cutting rubber sheets |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4373412A (en) * | 1980-07-10 | 1983-02-15 | Gerber Garment Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cutting sheet material with a cutting wheel |
GB2219245A (en) * | 1988-06-03 | 1989-12-06 | Rawson Francis F H | Ultrasonic cutting |
-
1992
- 1992-01-28 GB GB929201785A patent/GB9201785D0/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-01-25 AT AT93902457T patent/ATE151004T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-01-25 DE DE69309445T patent/DE69309445T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-01-25 EP EP93902457A patent/EP0625086B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-25 AU AU33636/93A patent/AU3363693A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-01-25 WO PCT/GB1993/000159 patent/WO1993014912A1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3363693A (en) | 1993-09-01 |
WO1993014912A1 (en) | 1993-08-05 |
DE69309445D1 (en) | 1997-05-07 |
DE69309445T2 (en) | 1997-10-30 |
GB9201785D0 (en) | 1992-03-11 |
ATE151004T1 (en) | 1997-04-15 |
EP0625086A1 (en) | 1994-11-23 |
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