EP0624768B1 - Apparatus for agitating, especially mixing and/or drying a stock - Google Patents

Apparatus for agitating, especially mixing and/or drying a stock Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0624768B1
EP0624768B1 EP94810284A EP94810284A EP0624768B1 EP 0624768 B1 EP0624768 B1 EP 0624768B1 EP 94810284 A EP94810284 A EP 94810284A EP 94810284 A EP94810284 A EP 94810284A EP 0624768 B1 EP0624768 B1 EP 0624768B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
shaft
wall section
wall
funnel
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP94810284A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0624768A1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Baumgartner
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • F26B9/08—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements
    • F26B9/082—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements mechanically agitating or recirculating the material being dried
    • F26B9/085—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements mechanically agitating or recirculating the material being dried moving the material in a substantially vertical sense using conveyors or agitators, e.g. screws or augers with vertical axis, which are positioned inside the drying enclosure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/09—Stirrers characterised by the mounting of the stirrers with respect to the receptacle
    • B01F27/091—Stirrers characterised by the mounting of the stirrers with respect to the receptacle with elements co-operating with receptacle wall or bottom, e.g. for scraping the receptacle wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws
    • B01F27/921—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle
    • B01F27/9211—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle the helices being surrounded by a guiding tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws
    • B01F27/921—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle
    • B01F27/9214—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle with additional mixing elements other than helices; having inner and outer helices; with helices surrounding a guiding tube

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a facility according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the facility serves in particular to this, powder mixtures, granules and the like, for example To produce food and powdered pharmaceuticals.
  • Means for mixing one for example Particulate components of existing goods have one vertical or horizontal axis container, in the interior at least one, several rotatable about the axis of the container Mixer having agitator is stored.
  • the good components to be mixed with one another in an Lid of the container existing opening in the interior of the Introduced container. Then the material is stirred using the agitator moved and mixed, with other components and additives, such as liquids, dyes and the like, still added to the good during the mixing process can be.
  • a device for drying a good is from the DE-B-1'063'529 known.
  • This publication which constitutes the closest prior art, discloses a device with a rotationally symmetrical container for batch drying of cereals and the like.
  • a funnel coaxial to the container axis and a screw conveyor passed through the hopper arranged.
  • the latter serves to continually one Part of the goods to be dried from the lower part of the container pull off and up through the funnel promote. From there it reaches the top of the funnel as well as between two sieve-like wall sections of Funnel and container down.
  • a drying agent for example hot air, into the container and through the sieve-like wall section the container out of this again. Doing so between the two wall sections from top to bottom The desiccant flows through the goods moving below and dries.
  • the device known from DE-B-1'063'529 enables optimal drying of grain and the like,
  • it has the disadvantage that the entire batch of the goods placed in the container the snail moves more or less evenly, but only is mixed poorly. So if you have different ones, for example components to be mixed together in succession the container, it can take a relatively long time until they are mixed to some extent homogeneously. This is particularly effective when adding small amounts of a substance very disadvantageous because the attached Amount of substance only very slowly in the presented product is distributed.
  • US-A-3,797,702 Another device for mixing at least two Components is known from US-A-3,797,702.
  • This pre-release discloses a continuously operating facility for adding recycled material to a plastic matrix.
  • the facility essentially has one cylindrical container with a vertical axis and a conical bottom that tapers downwards.
  • In the container is also a funnel with a conical wall section and a funnel neck arranged.
  • Leading through this funnel a shaft rotatably mounted on the lid of the container. This has at its upper section one to the inner wall of the conical Matching wall section and is in your section within the funnel neck as a screw conveyor educated.
  • the funnel neck finally ends in an outlet arranged on the cone-shaped base, which via a line is connected to the inlet of an extruder.
  • the recycling material through the funnel and the base mass through the the funnel surrounding sub-space is directed from top to bottom to the outlet, with a constant promotion of the recycling material through the agitator and screw conveyor is forced.
  • the outlet is then continuously recycled with the same presented basic mass mixed and then by conveyed the outlet into the extruder.
  • a mixture of the In this case, the components placed in the container can only be found in the Outlet area instead, but not in the conical part of the im Container arranged funnel. This therefore only serves the recycling material coaxial to the container axis of to convey up to the outlet.
  • the invention is now based on DE-B-1'063'529 the task of establishing a facility create the aforementioned disadvantages of the known devices does not have. In particular, this should make it possible become the components of a good relatively quickly and mix gently with each other so that the formed Accordingly, product regardless of the size of the container and regardless of the type of goods, a homogeneous composition as well as the product quality to be achieved.
  • FIG. 1 and designated 1 as a whole Facility has a simplified representation Frame 2, which is a relatively large container 3 stationary holds.
  • the latter is essentially rotationally symmetrical, So has a vertical axis 4, and has a cylindrical Wall 5, at the lower end of which is a cone-shaped adjoins wall part 6 tapering downwards.
  • a lid 7 At its top At the end of the container 3 is also provided with a lid 7, which is detachably attached to the wall 5 and at least one has lockable inlet 8 for filling the goods.
  • the conical wall part 6 finally has on its lower End an outlet 9 which is connected to an outlet member 10 is lockable.
  • the outlet member 10 is a cone valve trained and has an axially movable, conical Closure element 10a, for example with a manual or pneumatic actuator is adjustable.
  • Outlet member 10 also as a slide or ball valve can be trained.
  • the interior 11 of the container is defined by an axis 4 coaxial, essentially funnel-shaped wall 12 into a first, inner subspace 11a and a second, outer subspace 11b divided.
  • the wall 12 is by holding arms 12a held stationary and has a cone-shaped top open and downwardly tapering wall section 13 which is followed by a cylindrical wall section 14.
  • Wave 15 finally leads through the inner part space 11a.
  • the lower section 15a of the shaft 15 is with a Conveyor, namely a screw 16 provided through an uninterrupted, helical metallic Band is formed and the material to be mixed is used for this through the cylindrical wall section 14 up into the conical To promote wall section 13.
  • the outer diameter the screw helix 16 is dimensioned so that this only through a small space from the inner wall of the Wall section 14 is separated.
  • the shaft pierces 15 with its sealed end portion the cover 7 and by a motor, for example a hydraulic motor 18 of the drive device 19 via a transmission at speeds for example 10 to 50 revolutions per minute driven.
  • a motor for example a hydraulic motor 18 of the drive device 19 via a transmission at speeds for example 10 to 50 revolutions per minute driven.
  • the shaft 15 is not only in the cover 8 but also rotatably mounted on the outlet member 10.
  • To it has at its lower end a bore 15c and the closure element 10a of the outlet member 10 on its interior 11 facing surface a suitable in the bore 15c Guide pin 10b so that the shaft 15 on the Closure element 10a plugged on and thereby rotatably mounted can be.
  • the guide pin 10b can for example be designed as a needle-bearing guide head.
  • the device for example, to form a granular or powdery mix of two or more components outlet 9 is first closed. Then the good components to be mixed together through the opening 8 in the lid 7 into the container 3 are introduced, during which the shaft 15 around the Container axis 4 is rotated so that continuously part of the Good to be mixed from the lower area of the outer part 11b withdrawn and through the cylindrical wall portion 14 conveyed upwards, within the cone-shaped Wall section 13 moved and mixed with the mixing elements 17 and then over the top of the cone-shaped Wall section 13 transported back into the outer part of the room llb becomes. Because the screw spiral 16 to the deepest Can take place of the interior 11, it will the worst mix is caught by the screw and promoted upwards.
  • the material is circulated vertically by means of the screw helix 16 and inside the conical wall section 13 gently mixed.
  • the conveyance path of the goods is through arrows 21 and 22 indicated.
  • Individual components of the Good things as well as additives such as dyes and the like, can also during the rotational movement of the Shaft 15 through the inlet 8 in the cover Container 3 already submitted good part can be added.
  • the device according to the invention enables that the substances that have been added after the fact evenly distributed in the good part presented in the container so that the mixing time is significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment of the invention is therefore in the Figure 2 shown.
  • the one in this figure as a whole with 101 designated facility is largely similar to that based on The device 1 described 1 formed So like this one from a conical one wall section 113 and a cylindrical wall section 114 formed funnel-shaped wall 112.
  • the device 101 has a slightly modified one Conveyor and one formed from two half-shells 114a and 114b cylindrical wall section 114.
  • the dimensions of the devices according to the invention can vary widely, with the container usable volume for example in the size of 20 to 200,000 1 can. This allows institutions with a relatively large Usable container volume is also accessible for a service man Hatch so that cleaning, inspection and repair work can be done inside the container, without the lid of the cylindrical wall part of the Container must be separated. Especially for such big ones
  • the device shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is made of the cylindrical half shells 114a and 114b Wall section 114 useful.
  • first half shell 114a firmly connected to the conical wall section 113, while the second half-shell 114b by means of it and rotating and locking means arranged on the first half-shell 114a 118 and 119 are pivotally attached in this way is that - as shown in Figure 3 - the interior of the cylindrical wall section and the conveyor element on simple Way for the service man for repair and cleaning purposes can be made accessible.
  • the dimensions of the funnel-shaped wall 12 or 112 can be varied.
  • the length of the funnel-shaped wall should be dimensioned such that this extends over approximately 3/4 to 2/3 of the height of the interior (11).
  • the dimensions and shapes of the mixing tools depending on the material to be mixed and depending on the Vary the size of the container.
  • a device according to the invention can be used instead the wing 20 shown in Figure 1 also one of several Segments formed, helical or spiral around the Partition wall 12 arranged flow brake.
  • the facilities too may have an electronic control device to the Various control and / or regulation operations for the mixing process perform automatically.

Abstract

The apparatus has a container (3), in the inner space (11) of which an essentially funnel-shaped wall (12) coaxial to the container axis (4) is arranged. The wall (12) has a top, conical section (13) tapering towards the bottom. A cylindrical wall section (14) adjoins the wall section (13). In addition, a shaft (15) coaxial to the container axis (4) leads through the sectional space (11a) defined by the funnel-shaped wall (12). In this arrangement, the bottom section (15a) of the shaft (15) is provided with a conveying member, namely a worm helix (16), and the top section (15b) of the shaft (15) is provided with mixing members (17). To mix the stock, the shaft (15) is rotated about the container axis (4) so that a portion of the stock to be mixed is continuously drawn off from the bottom area of the outer sectional space (11b) and conveyed through the cylindrical wall section (14) into the conical wall section (13), is agitated and mixed in the latter by the mixing members (17), and is then conveyed back again into the outer sectional space (11b). With the apparatus according to the invention, substances which are added during the mixing operation to stock predetermined in the container (3) are already uniformly distributed in the predetermined stock during the feeding. <IMAGE>

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a facility according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die Einrichtung dient insbesondere dazu, Pulvermischungen, Granulate und dergleiches, beispielsweise Nahrungsmittel und pulverförmige Arzneimittel herzustellen.The facility serves in particular to this, powder mixtures, granules and the like, for example To produce food and powdered pharmaceuticals.

Auf dem Markt bekannte, für den chargenweisen Betrieb vorgesehene Einrichtungen zum Mischen eines beispielsweise aus teilchenförmigen Komponenten bestehenden Gutes weisen einen vertikal- oder horizontalachsigen Behälter auf, in dessen Innenraum mindestens ein um die Behälterachse drehbares, mehrere Mischorgane aufweisendes Rührwerk gelagert ist.Known on the market for batch operation Means for mixing one for example Particulate components of existing goods have one vertical or horizontal axis container, in the interior at least one, several rotatable about the axis of the container Mixer having agitator is stored.

Wenn man mit den bekannten Einrichtungen zum Beispiel ein als Nahrungsmittel vorgesehenes, trockenes Gut herstellt, werden die miteinander zu mischenden Gutkomponenten durch eine im Deckel des Behälters vorhandene Öffnung in den Innenraum des Behälters eingebracht. Danach wird das Gut mittels des Rührwerkes bewegt und vermischt, wobei weitere Komponenten und Zusatzstoffe, wie beispielsweise Flüssigkeiten, Farbstoffe und dergleichen, dem Gut während des Mischvorganges noch beigefügt werden können.If one with the known facilities for example produces dry goods intended as food the good components to be mixed with one another in an Lid of the container existing opening in the interior of the Introduced container. Then the material is stirred using the agitator moved and mixed, with other components and additives, such as liquids, dyes and the like, still added to the good during the mixing process can be.

Eine Einrichtung zum Trocknen eines Gutes ist aus der DE-B-1'063'529 bekannt. Diese, den nächstkommenden Stand der Technik bildende Publikation offenbart nämlich eine Einrichtung mit einem rotationssymmetrischen Behälter zum chargenweisen Trocknen von Getreide und dergleichen. Im Innenraum des Behälters ist ein zur Behälterachse koaxialer Trichter und eine durch den Trichter hindurchgeführte Förderschnecke angeordnet. Letztere dient dazu, fortlaufend einen Teil des zu trocknenden Gutes aus dem unteren Teil des Behälters abzuziehen und durch den Trichter hindurch nach oben zu fördern. Von dort gelangt es über den oberen Rand des Trichters sowie zwischen zwei siebartigen Wandabschnitten von Trichter und Behälter hindurch nach unten. Zum Trocknen des Gutes wird ein Trocknungsmittel, beispielsweise heisse Luft, in den Behälter hinein und durch den siebartigen Wandabschnitt des Behälters aus diesem wieder hinaus geleitet. Dabei wird das sich zwischen den beiden Wandabschnitten von oben nach unten bewegende Gut vom Trocknungsmittel durchströmt und getrocknet.A device for drying a good is from the DE-B-1'063'529 known. This publication, which constitutes the closest prior art, discloses a device with a rotationally symmetrical container for batch drying of cereals and the like. In the interior of the container is a funnel coaxial to the container axis and a screw conveyor passed through the hopper arranged. The latter serves to continually one Part of the goods to be dried from the lower part of the container pull off and up through the funnel promote. From there it reaches the top of the funnel as well as between two sieve-like wall sections of Funnel and container down. To dry the Good things become a drying agent, for example hot air, into the container and through the sieve-like wall section the container out of this again. Doing so between the two wall sections from top to bottom The desiccant flows through the goods moving below and dries.

Die aus der DE-B-1'063'529 bekannte Einrichtung ermöglicht zwar eine optimale Trocknung von Getreide und dergleichen, weist aber beim Einsatz als Mischer den Nachteil auf, dass die gesamte Charge des in den Behälter eingebrachten Gutes durch die Schnecke mehr oder weniger gleichmässig bewegt, jedoch nur mangelhaft vermischt wird. Wenn man also zum Beispiel verschiedene miteinander zu mischende Komponenten nacheinander in den Behälter einbringt, kann es verhältnismässig lange dauern, bis diese einigermassen homogen miteinander vermischt sind. Dies wirkt sich insbesondere bei der Zugabe von kleinen Mengen eines Stoffes sehr nachteilig aus, weil dabei die beigefügte Stoffmenge nur sehr langsam im vorgelegten Gut gleichmässig verteilt wird.The device known from DE-B-1'063'529 enables optimal drying of grain and the like, However, when used as a mixer, it has the disadvantage that the entire batch of the goods placed in the container the snail moves more or less evenly, but only is mixed poorly. So if you have different ones, for example components to be mixed together in succession the container, it can take a relatively long time until they are mixed to some extent homogeneously. This is particularly effective when adding small amounts of a substance very disadvantageous because the attached Amount of substance only very slowly in the presented product is distributed.

Zudem besteht nicht nur bei den eingangs diskutierten Mischern sondern auch bei der Einrichtung gemäss DE-B-1'063'529 abhängig von der Art und Menge des zu mischenden Gutes die Gefahr, dass sich die im unteren Teil des Behälters vorhandenen Gutkomponenten durch die Drehbewegung des Rührwerkes bzw. durch die Rotation der Schnecke und durch den im unteren Bereich des Behälters herrschenden und von der Chargenmasse ab hängigen, verhältnismässig hohen Innendruck relativ stark gegenseitig abreiben, was sich nachteilig auf die Produktequalität auswirkt.In addition, there is not only the mixer discussed at the beginning but also for the device according to DE-B-1'063'529 depending on the type and quantity of the material to be mixed, the risk that there are in the lower part of the container Good components due to the rotary movement of the agitator or by the rotation of the screw and by the one in the lower area of the container and from the batch mass dependent, relatively high internal pressure relatively strong each other rub off, which adversely affects product quality affects.

Eine weitere Einrichtung zum Mischen mindestens zweier Komponenten ist aus der US-A-3'797'702 bekannt. Diese Vorveröffentlichung offenbart eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Einrichtung zum Beimischen von Recycling-Material zu einer Kunststoffgrundmasse. Die Einrichtung besitzt einen im wesentlichen zylindrischen Behälter mit einer vertikalen Achse und einem konusförmigen, sich nach unten verjüngenden Boden. Im Behälter ist ferner ein Trichter mit einem konusförmigen Wandabschnitt und einem Trichterhals angeordnet. Durch diesen Trichter führt eine am Deckel des Behälters drehbar gelagerte Welle. Diese besitzt an ihrem oberen Abschnitt ein zur Innenwand des konusförmigen Wandabschnittes passendes Rührwerk und ist in ihrem innerhalb des Trichterhalses liegenden Abschnitt als Förderschnecke ausgebildet. Der Trichterhals mündet schliesslich in einen am konusförmigen Boden angeordneten Auslass, der über eine Leitung mit dem Einlass eines Extruders verbunden ist. Beim Betrieb dieser Einrichtung wird das Recycling-Material durch den Trichter und die Grundmasse durch den den Trichter umgebende Teilraum von oben nach unten zum Auslass geleitet, wobei eine konstante Förderung des Recycling-Materials durch das Rührwerk und die Förderschnecke erzwungen wird. Vor dem Auslass wird dann fortlaufend Recycling-Material mit der ebenfalls vorgelegten Grundmasse vermengt und anschliessend durch den Auslass in den Extruder gefördert. Eine Vermischung der im Behälter vorgelegten Komponenten findet in diesem Fall nur im Auslassbereich statt, nicht aber im konusförmigen Teil des im Behälter angeordneten Trichters. Dieser dient daher lediglich dazu, das Recycling-Material koaxial zur Behälterachse von oben nach unten zum Auslass hin zu befördern. Von einer homogenen Vermischung von Gut-Komponenten, wie dies bei bekannten Mischern zur Herstellung von zum Beispiel pharmazeutischen Produkten und dergleichen nötig ist, kann in diesem Fall nicht die Rede sein, da das aus dem Recycling-Material und der Grundmasse gebildete Gut nach der Vermengung sofort einem Extruder zugeführt wird.Another device for mixing at least two Components is known from US-A-3,797,702. This pre-release discloses a continuously operating facility for adding recycled material to a plastic matrix. The facility essentially has one cylindrical container with a vertical axis and a conical bottom that tapers downwards. In the container is also a funnel with a conical wall section and a funnel neck arranged. Leading through this funnel a shaft rotatably mounted on the lid of the container. This has at its upper section one to the inner wall of the conical Matching wall section and is in your section within the funnel neck as a screw conveyor educated. The funnel neck finally ends in an outlet arranged on the cone-shaped base, which via a line is connected to the inlet of an extruder. When operating this facility, the recycling material through the funnel and the base mass through the the funnel surrounding sub-space is directed from top to bottom to the outlet, with a constant promotion of the recycling material through the agitator and screw conveyor is forced. Before the The outlet is then continuously recycled with the same presented basic mass mixed and then by conveyed the outlet into the extruder. A mixture of the In this case, the components placed in the container can only be found in the Outlet area instead, but not in the conical part of the im Container arranged funnel. This therefore only serves the recycling material coaxial to the container axis of to convey up to the outlet. From a homogeneous Mixing of good components, as is the case with known ones Mixers for the production of, for example, pharmaceuticals Products and the like is not necessary in this case be talked about, as that from the recycling material and the Base mass formed good immediately after mixing Extruder is fed.

Der Erfindung liegt nun ausgehend von der DE-B-1'063'529 die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung zu schaffen, die die vorgenannten Nachteile der bekannten Einrichtungen nicht aufweist. Dabei soll insbesondere ermöglicht werden, die Komponenten eines Gutes verhältnismässig schnell und schonend miteinander zu vermischen, so dass das gebildete Produkt dementsprechend unabhängig von der Grösse des Behälters und unabhängig von der Art des Gutes eine homogene Zusammensetzung sowie die zu erzielende Produktequalität aufweist.The invention is now based on DE-B-1'063'529 the task of establishing a facility create the aforementioned disadvantages of the known devices does not have. In particular, this should make it possible become the components of a good relatively quickly and mix gently with each other so that the formed Accordingly, product regardless of the size of the container and regardless of the type of goods, a homogeneous composition as well as the product quality to be achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Einrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.This task is accomplished by a device with the features of the claim 1 solved. Advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the dependent claims.

Der Erfindungsgegenstand wird nun anhand von zwei in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Hierbei zeigt

  • die Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten, zum Teil in Ansicht und zum Teil im Querschnitt dargestellten Einrichtung zum Mischen eines Gutes,
  • die Figur 2 einen Teil einer zweiten, zum Teil in Ansicht und zum Teil im Querschnitt dargestellten Einrichtung mit einem aus zwei Halbschalen gebildeten zylindrischen Wandabschnitt und
  • die Figur 3 den in der Figur 3 dargestellte zylindrische Wandabschnitt in vergrössertem Massstab und mit einer herausgeschwenkten Halbschale.
    • The object of the invention will now be described with reference to two exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Here shows
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first device for mixing a good, shown partly in view and partly in cross section,
  • 2 shows part of a second device, partly in view and partly in cross section, with a cylindrical wall section formed from two half-shells and
  • 3 shows the cylindrical wall section shown in FIG. 3 on an enlarged scale and with a half-shell pivoted out.

    • Die in der Figur 1 dargestellte und als ganzes mit 1 bezeichnete Einrichtung besitzt ein vereinfacht dargestelltes Gestell 2, das einen verhältnismässig grossen Behälter 3 ortsfest hält. Letzterer ist im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch, hat also eine vertikale Achse 4, und besitzt eine zylindrische Wand 5, an deren unterem Ende sich ein konusförmiger, sich nach unten verjüngender Wandteil 6 anschliesst. An seinem oberen Ende ist der Behälter 3 zudem mit einem Deckel 7 versehen, der lösbar an der Wand 5 befestigt ist und mindestens einen abschliessbaren Einlass 8 zum Einfüllen des Gutes aufweist. Der konusförmige Wandteil 6 weist schliesslich an seinem unteren Ende einen Auslass 9 auf, der mit einem Auslass-Organ 10 absperrbar ist. Das Auslass-Organ 10 ist dabei als Kegelventil ausgebildet und besitzt ein axial bewegbares, kegelförmiges Verschlusselement 10a, das beispielsweise mit einer manuellen oder pneumatischen Stellvorrichtung verstellbar ist. Hierzu sei erwähnt, dass bei verhältnismässig kleinen Behältern das Auslass-Organ 10 auch als Schiebe- oder Kugelventil ausgebildet sein kann.The one shown in FIG. 1 and designated 1 as a whole Facility has a simplified representation Frame 2, which is a relatively large container 3 stationary holds. The latter is essentially rotationally symmetrical, So has a vertical axis 4, and has a cylindrical Wall 5, at the lower end of which is a cone-shaped adjoins wall part 6 tapering downwards. At its top At the end of the container 3 is also provided with a lid 7, which is detachably attached to the wall 5 and at least one has lockable inlet 8 for filling the goods. The conical wall part 6 finally has on its lower End an outlet 9 which is connected to an outlet member 10 is lockable. The outlet member 10 is a cone valve trained and has an axially movable, conical Closure element 10a, for example with a manual or pneumatic actuator is adjustable. For this it should be mentioned that with relatively small containers that Outlet member 10 also as a slide or ball valve can be trained.

    Der Innenraum 11 des Behälters ist durch eine zur Achse 4 koaxiale, im wesentlichen trichterförmige Wand 12 in einen ersten, inneren Teilraum 11a und einen zweiten, äusseren Teilraum 11b unterteilt. Die Wand 12 wird dabei durch Haltearme 12a ortsfest gehalten und besitzt einen konusförmigen, oben offenen und sich nach unten verjüngenden Wandabschnitt 13, an den sich ein zylindrischer Wandabschnitt 14 anschliesst.The interior 11 of the container is defined by an axis 4 coaxial, essentially funnel-shaped wall 12 into a first, inner subspace 11a and a second, outer subspace 11b divided. The wall 12 is by holding arms 12a held stationary and has a cone-shaped top open and downwardly tapering wall section 13 which is followed by a cylindrical wall section 14.

    Eine im Deckel 7 und am Auslass-Organ 10 drehbar gelagerte Welle 15 führt schliesslich durch den inneren Teilraum 11a. Dabei wird der mindestens zum Teil innerhalb des zylindrischen Wandabschnittes 14 liegenden, untere Teil der Welle 15 mit 15a und der innerhalb des konusförmigen Wandabschnittes 13 liegende, obere Teil der Welle 15 mit 15b bezeichnet.One rotatably mounted in the cover 7 and on the outlet member 10 Wave 15 finally leads through the inner part space 11a. The at least partially within the cylindrical Wall section 14 lying, lower part of the shaft 15 with 15a and the one lying within the conical wall section 13 upper part of the shaft 15 designated 15b.

    Der untere Teilabschnitt 15a der Welle 15 ist mit einem Förderorgan, nämlich einer Schnecken-Wendel 16 versehen, die durch ein unterbruchloses, schraubenlinienförmiges metallisches Band gebildet ist und dazu dient das zu mischende Gut durch den zylindrischen Wandabschnitt 14 nach oben in den konusförmigen Wandabschnitt 13 zu fördern. Der äussere Durchmesser der Schnecken-Wendel 16 ist dabei so bemessen, dass diese nur durch einen geringen Zwischenraum von der Innenwand des Wandabschnittes 14 getrennt ist.The lower section 15a of the shaft 15 is with a Conveyor, namely a screw 16 provided through an uninterrupted, helical metallic Band is formed and the material to be mixed is used for this through the cylindrical wall section 14 up into the conical To promote wall section 13. The outer diameter the screw helix 16 is dimensioned so that this only through a small space from the inner wall of the Wall section 14 is separated.

    Am oberen Teilabschnitt 15b der Welle 15 sind schliesslich Mischorgane 17 angeordnet, die dazu dienen, den in den konusförmigen Abschnitt 13 beförderte Teil des Gutes optimal und schonend zu vermischen.Finally, at the upper section 15b of the shaft 15 Mixing elements 17 are arranged, which serve the in the conical Section 13 transported part of the goods optimally and to mix gently.

    Wie aus der Figur 1 ersichtlich ist, durchstösst die Welle 15 mit ihrem abgedichteten Endabschnitt den Deckel 7 und wird von einem, beispielsweise als Hydromotor ausgebildeten Motor 18 der Antriebsvorrichtung 19 über ein Getriebe mit Geschwindigkeiten von beispielsweise 10 bis 50 Umdrehungen pro Minute angetrieben.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the shaft pierces 15 with its sealed end portion the cover 7 and by a motor, for example a hydraulic motor 18 of the drive device 19 via a transmission at speeds for example 10 to 50 revolutions per minute driven.

    Wie bereits erwähnt, ist die Welle 15 nicht nur im Deckel 8 sondern auch am Auslass-Organ 10 drehbar gelagert. Dazu weist sie an ihrem unteren Ende eine Bohrung 15c und das Verschlusselement 10a des Auslass-Organes 10 an seiner dem Innenraum 11 zugewandten Oberfläche einen in die Bohrung 15c passenden Führungsbolzen 10b auf, so dass die Welle 15 auf das Verschlusselement 10a aufgesteckt und dadurch drehbar gelagert werden kann. Der Führungsbolzen 10b kann dabei beispielsweise als nadelgelagerter Führungskopf ausgebildet sein.As already mentioned, the shaft 15 is not only in the cover 8 but also rotatably mounted on the outlet member 10. To it has at its lower end a bore 15c and the closure element 10a of the outlet member 10 on its interior 11 facing surface a suitable in the bore 15c Guide pin 10b so that the shaft 15 on the Closure element 10a plugged on and thereby rotatably mounted can be. The guide pin 10b can for example be designed as a needle-bearing guide head.

    Am zylindrischen Wandabschnitt 14 sind schliesslich acht längliche und im Querschnitt dreieckige, in den Teilraum 11b hinausragende Flügel 20 befestigt, von denen jeweils vier radial zueinander angeordnet sind. Die Flügel 20 dienen im wesentlichen dazu, das im Teilraum 11b hinunterströmende Gut durch Abbremsen der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zu verteilen und dadurch die Mischzeit zu verkürzen.Finally, there are eight on the cylindrical wall section 14 elongated and triangular in cross section, in the subspace 11b protruding wings 20 attached, four of which are radial are arranged to each other. The wings 20 serve essentially in addition, the material flowing down in sub-space 11b distribute by braking the flow velocity and thereby shortening the mixing time.

    Wenn die Einrichtung beispielsweise zur Bildung eines körnigen oder pulverförmigen Mischgutes aus zwei oder mehr Komponenten verwendet werden soll, wird zunächst der Auslass 9 geschlossen. Danach können die miteinander zu mischenden Gutkomponenten durch die im Deckel 7 vorhandene Öffnung 8 in den Behälter 3 eingebracht werden, während dem die Welle 15 um die Behälterachse 4 gedreht wird, so dass fortlaufend ein Teil des zu mischenden Gutes aus dem unteren Bereich des äusseren Teilraumes 11b abgezogen und durch den zylindrischen Wandabschnittes 14 hindurch nach oben befördert, innerhalb des konusförmigen Wandabschnittes 13 mit den Mischorganen 17 bewegt und vermischt und anschliessend über den oberen Rand des konusförmigen Wandabschnittes 13 wieder in den äusseren Teilraum llb zurückbefördert wird. Da die Schnecken-Wendel 16 bis zur tiefsten Stelle des Innenraumes 11 greifen kann, wird auch das sich zunterst befindende Mischgut von der Schnecke erfasst und nach oben befördert.If the device, for example, to form a granular or powdery mix of two or more components outlet 9 is first closed. Then the good components to be mixed together through the opening 8 in the lid 7 into the container 3 are introduced, during which the shaft 15 around the Container axis 4 is rotated so that continuously part of the Good to be mixed from the lower area of the outer part 11b withdrawn and through the cylindrical wall portion 14 conveyed upwards, within the cone-shaped Wall section 13 moved and mixed with the mixing elements 17 and then over the top of the cone-shaped Wall section 13 transported back into the outer part of the room llb becomes. Because the screw spiral 16 to the deepest Can take place of the interior 11, it will the worst mix is caught by the screw and promoted upwards.

    Falls das sich im Behälter 3 befindende Gut statt gemischt oder zusätzlich zum Mischen getrocknet werden soll, kann über einen in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Einlass-Stutzen Wasserdampf oder Lösungsmitteldampf evakuiert werden. If the goods in container 3 are mixed instead or should be dried in addition to mixing, can over an inlet port, not shown in the drawing Water vapor or solvent vapor can be evacuated.

    Wenn das Mischen und/oder Trocknen des Gutes abgeschlossen ist, kann beispielsweise ein zum Aufnehmen des behandelten Gutes dienender Behälter lösbar und dicht am unteren Ende des Auslass-Organes 10 befestigt werden. Danach kann der Auslass 9 durch vertikales Verschieben des Verschlusselementes 10a grösstenteils freigegeben werden. Da für die Entnahme des Mischgutes der Führungsbolzen 10b des Verschlusselementes 10a nicht vollständig aus der Bohrung 15c der Welle 15 gefahren werden muss, kann die Welle 15 auch während der Entnahme des Mischgutes um die Behälterachse 4 gedreht werden, wobei die Welle 15 dazu am Auslass-Organ 10 gelagert bleibt, so dass das Mischgut gleichmässig und vollständig auslaufen kann.When the mixing and / or drying of the good is completed is, for example, one for picking up the treated goods serving container detachable and close to the bottom of the Outlet member 10 are attached. Then the outlet 9 largely by vertically shifting the closure element 10a be released. As for the removal of the mix the guide pin 10b of the closure element 10a is not completely out of the bore 15c of the shaft 15 must, the shaft 15 can also during the removal of the mix can be rotated around the container axis 4, the shaft 15 remains stored on the outlet member 10 so that the Mix can run out evenly and completely.

    Nachdem nun der allgemeine Ablauf des Mischvorganges beschrieben wurde, sollen die Vorteile der Erfindung näher erläutert werden.Now that the general sequence of the mixing process has been described the advantages of the invention have been explained in more detail become.

    Das Gut wird mittels der Schnecken-Wendel 16 vertikal umgewälzt und innerhalb des konusförmigen Wandabschnittes 13 schonend vermischt. Der Förderweg des Gutes ist dabei durch die Pfeile 21 und 22 angedeutet. Einzelnen Komponenten des Gutes sowie auch Zusatzstoffe, wie beispielsweise Farbstoffe und dergleichen, können auch während der Drehbewegung der Welle 15 durch den im Deckel vorhandenen Einlass 8 einem im Behälter 3 bereits vorgelegten Gutteil beigefügt werden. In diesem Fall ermöglicht die erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung, dass die nachträglich eingebrachten Stoffe bereits beim Eintragen in dem im Behälter vorgelegten Gutteil gleichmässig verteilt werden, so dass sich dadurch die Mischzeit wesentlich verkürzt.The material is circulated vertically by means of the screw helix 16 and inside the conical wall section 13 gently mixed. The conveyance path of the goods is through arrows 21 and 22 indicated. Individual components of the Good things as well as additives such as dyes and the like, can also during the rotational movement of the Shaft 15 through the inlet 8 in the cover Container 3 already submitted good part can be added. In In this case, the device according to the invention enables that the substances that have been added after the fact evenly distributed in the good part presented in the container so that the mixing time is significantly reduced.

    Wie bereits in der Einleitung erwähnt, kann es abhängig von der Art der Ausgangsstoffe und der Grösse des Behälters vorkommen, dass bei der Herstellung von Mischungen die Gutteilchen durch Scherkräfte gegenseitig abreiben, wodurch sich die Qualität des herzustellenden Produktes verschlechtert. Ein derartiges Abreiben der Gutteilchen wir durch die erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung weitgehend vermieden.As mentioned in the introduction, it can be dependent on the type of raw materials and the size of the container occur that in the production of mixtures the good particles rub each other by shear forces, causing the quality of the product to be manufactured deteriorates. A We rub off the particles of this kind by means of the inventive Setup largely avoided.

    Die anhand der Figur 1 beschriebene Einrichtung stellt nur eine Auswahl von mehreren möglichen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung dar und kann in verschiedener Hinsicht geändert werden.The device described with reference to Figure 1 only provides a selection of several possible embodiments of the invention and can be changed in several ways become.

    Ein andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist daher in der Figur 2 dargestellt. Die in dieser Figur als ganzes mit 101 bezeichnete Einrichtung ist weitgehend ähnlich wie die anhand der Figur 1 beschriebene Einrichtung 1 ausgebildet, besitzt also wie diese unter anderem eine aus einem konusförmigen wandabschnitt 113 und einem zylindrischen Wandabschnitt 114 gebildete trichterförmige Wand 112. Im Gegensatz zur Einrichtung 1 weist die Einrichtung 101 aber ein etwas modifizertes Förderorgan sowie einen aus zwei Halbschalen 114a und 114b gebildeten zylindrischen Wandabschnitt 114 auf.Another embodiment of the invention is therefore in the Figure 2 shown. The one in this figure as a whole with 101 designated facility is largely similar to that based on The device 1 described 1 formed So like this one from a conical one wall section 113 and a cylindrical wall section 114 formed funnel-shaped wall 112. In contrast to the device 1, the device 101 has a slightly modified one Conveyor and one formed from two half-shells 114a and 114b cylindrical wall section 114.

    Wie auch in der Einrichtung 1 so ist auch in der Einrichtung 101 die Welle 115 mit einer zum Befördern des Gutes dienenden Schnecken-Wendel 116 versehen. Wie nun aus der Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, weist das Förderorgan der Einrichtung 101 an seinem aus dem zylindrischen Wandabschnitt 114 herausragenden Endabschnitt noch zusätzlich eine zur Schnecken-Wendel 116 achsensymetrisch angeordnete zweite Schnecken-Wendel 117 auf. Diese doppleflügige Ausbildungsform der Förderschnecke mindestens im unteren Eintragungs-Bereich dient insbesondere dazu, einseitige Druckbelastungen auf die Welle 115 weitgehend zu vermeiden.As in the facility 1, so is the facility 101 the shaft 115 with one used to convey the goods Screw helix 116 provided. As now from Figure 2 is visible, instructs the funding body 101 its protruding from the cylindrical wall portion 114 End section in addition to the helix 116 Axially symmetrically arranged second screw helix 117. This double-winged form of training of the screw conveyor at least in the lower area of the entry serves in particular to one-sided pressure loads on the shaft 115 largely avoid.

    Die Abmessungen der erfindungsgemässen Einrichtungen können in weiten Grenzen variieren, wobei das Behälter-Nutzvolumen beispielsweise in der Grösse von 20 bis 200'000 1 liegen kann. So können Einrichtungen mit einem verhältnismässig grossen Behälter-Nutzvolumen auch eine für einen Servicemann begehbare Luke aufweisen, so dass Reinigungs- Kontroll- und Reparaturarbeiten im Innern des Behälters verrichtet werden können, ohne dass dazu der Deckel vom zylindrischen Wandteil des Behälters getrennt werden muss. Speziell für derart grosse Einrichtungen ist der in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellte, aus den zwei Halbschalen 114a und 114b gebildete, zylindrische Wandabschnitt 114 zweckmässig. Hierbei ist die erste Halbschale 114a fest mit dem konusförmigen Wandabschnitt 113 verbunden, während die zweite Halbschale 114b mittels an ihr und an der ersten Halbschale 114a angeordneten Dreh- und Verschlusselmitteln 118 bzw. 119 derart verschwenkbar befestigt ist, dass - wie in der Figur 3 dargestellt - das Innere des zylindrischen Wandabschnittes und das Förderorgan auf einfache Art und Weise dem Servicemann für Reparatur- und Reinigungszwecke zugänglich gemacht werden kann.The dimensions of the devices according to the invention can vary widely, with the container usable volume for example in the size of 20 to 200,000 1 can. This allows institutions with a relatively large Usable container volume is also accessible for a service man Hatch so that cleaning, inspection and repair work can be done inside the container, without the lid of the cylindrical wall part of the Container must be separated. Especially for such big ones The device shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is made of the cylindrical half shells 114a and 114b Wall section 114 useful. Here is the first half shell 114a firmly connected to the conical wall section 113, while the second half-shell 114b by means of it and rotating and locking means arranged on the first half-shell 114a 118 and 119 are pivotally attached in this way is that - as shown in Figure 3 - the interior of the cylindrical wall section and the conveyor element on simple Way for the service man for repair and cleaning purposes can be made accessible.

    Abhängig vom Behälter-Nutzvolumen können selbstverständlich auch die Abmessungen der trichterförmigen Wand 12 bzw. 112 variiert werden. So kann beispielsweise die Länge der trichterförmigen Wand derart bemessen sein, dass sich diese über ungefähr 3/4 bis 2/3 der Höhe des Innenraumes (11) erstreckt. Ebenso können die Abmessungen und Formen der Mischwerkzeuge abhängig vom zu mischenden Gut und abhängig von der Grösse des Behälters variieren.Of course, depending on the usable volume of the container also the dimensions of the funnel-shaped wall 12 or 112 can be varied. For example, the length of the funnel-shaped wall should be dimensioned such that this extends over approximately 3/4 to 2/3 of the height of the interior (11). Likewise, the dimensions and shapes of the mixing tools depending on the material to be mixed and depending on the Vary the size of the container.

    Die erfindungsgemässen Einrichtungen können abgesehen von ihren unterschiedlichen Abmessungen auch noch in anderer Hinsicht variieren. So können diese beispielsweise auch einen doppelwandigen Behälter aufweisen, um das im Behälter vorhandene Gut durch Einleiten eines Kühl- oder Heizfluides zwischen die beiden Wände des Behälters wahlweise zu kühlen oder zu erwärmen.Apart from their different dimensions in other respects vary. For example, they can include one have double-walled containers to the existing in the container Good by introducing a cooling or heating fluid between either cool or heat the two walls of the container.

    Ferner kann eine erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung anstelle der in der Figur 1 dargestellten Flügel 20 auch eine aus mehreren Segmenten gebildete, wendel- oder spiralförmig um die Trennwand 12 herum angeordnete Strömungsbremse aufweisen. Furthermore, a device according to the invention can be used instead the wing 20 shown in Figure 1 also one of several Segments formed, helical or spiral around the Partition wall 12 arranged flow brake.

    Schliesslich sei noch erwähnt, dass die Einrichtungen auch eine elektronische Steuervorrichtung aufweisen können, um die für den Mischvorgang verschiedenen Steuer- und/oder Regeloperationen automatisch durchzuführen.Finally, it should be mentioned that the facilities too may have an electronic control device to the Various control and / or regulation operations for the mixing process perform automatically.

    Claims (8)

    1. Apparatus for the batchwise mixing and/or drying of a material, having
      a container (3) with a vertical axis,
      a top material inlet (8), which opens out into the interior of the container (3), and a bottom material outlet (9), which leads out of the container interior,
      a funnel-shaped wall (12) which is arranged coaxially to the container axis (4), in the interior of the container (3), and has a conically downwardly tapering, top wall section (13) and a cylindrical, bottom wall section (14) adjoining the top wall section, and
      a conveying element which is routed through the cylindrical wall section (14),
      characterized in that at least one rotatable mixing element (17) is arranged within the conical wall section (13), in that there is a shaft (15) which is coaxial with the container axis, in that the conveying element and the at least one mixing element (17) are arranged on said shaft (15), and in that the outlet (9), which is arranged at the bottom end of the container (3), has an outlet element (10) which can be optionally shut off, it also being possible for the shaft (15) to be rotated about the container axis (4) during removal of the mixed material, and the shaft, for this purpose, remaining mounted on the outlet element (10), with the result that the mixed material can run out uniformly and in its entirety.
    2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the shaft (15) is routed through the two wall sections (13, 14), which form the funnel-shaped wall (12).
    3. Apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that the two ends of the shaft (15), routed through the inner part-chamber (lla), are mounted in a rotatable manner.
    4. Apparatus according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the conveying element is formed by a screw helix (16).
    5. Apparatus according to Claim 4, characterized in that, at least on its end section which projects out of the cylindrical wall section (14, 114), the conveying element has a second screw helix (117), which is arranged in an axially symmetrical manner in relation to the first-mentioned screw helix (16, 116).
    6. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the container (3) has a cylindrical wall (5) which is adjoined at the bottom end by a conical, downwardly tapering wall part (6).
    7. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the length of the essentially funnel-shaped wall (12, 112) is such that the funnel-shaped wall (12, 112) extends over more or less 3/4 to 2/3 of the height of the interior (11).
    8. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cylindrical wall section (114) of the funnel-shaped wall (112) comprises a first and a second half-shell (114a, 114b), the first half-shell (114a) being connected fixedly to the conical wall section (113), and the second half-shell (114b) being arranged on the first half-shell (114a) such that it can be pivoted by rotary and closure means (118, 119) arranged on it and on the first half-shell (114a).
    EP94810284A 1993-05-13 1994-05-13 Apparatus for agitating, especially mixing and/or drying a stock Expired - Lifetime EP0624768B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    CH1457/93 1993-05-13
    CH145793 1993-05-13
    CH145793 1993-05-13

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0624768A1 EP0624768A1 (en) 1994-11-17
    EP0624768B1 true EP0624768B1 (en) 1999-12-22

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    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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    AT (1) ATE188028T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE59409018D1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR3009487B1 (en) * 2013-08-09 2016-02-26 Maurice Guillot DEVICE FOR DRYING HOLLOW FRUIT AND SEED
    CN108568919B (en) * 2018-04-28 2020-02-04 重庆瑞霆塑胶有限公司 Plastic raw material stirring device

    Family Cites Families (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US2207360A (en) * 1937-08-20 1940-07-09 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Drier
    DE1063529B (en) * 1958-06-12 1959-08-13 Dr Walther Fischer Ground dryer for grain or similar grainy goods
    US3563399A (en) * 1967-05-15 1971-02-16 Charles C Shivers Method for circulating grain stored in a circular bin
    US3797702A (en) * 1971-03-29 1974-03-19 J Robertson Scrap recovery and feed system
    DE2228429A1 (en) * 1972-06-10 1973-12-20 Cramer & Soehne Maschf Mixer for dyed plastics - is divided vessel with one part swinging open for easy cleaning

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    EP0624768A1 (en) 1994-11-17
    ATE188028T1 (en) 2000-01-15
    DE59409018D1 (en) 2000-01-27

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