EP0618564A1 - Method for the control of the noise generated by a device, and system for the implementation of the method - Google Patents

Method for the control of the noise generated by a device, and system for the implementation of the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0618564A1
EP0618564A1 EP94400688A EP94400688A EP0618564A1 EP 0618564 A1 EP0618564 A1 EP 0618564A1 EP 94400688 A EP94400688 A EP 94400688A EP 94400688 A EP94400688 A EP 94400688A EP 0618564 A1 EP0618564 A1 EP 0618564A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
noise
source
noisy
counter
room
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94400688A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Nathalie Cuny
Stephen Haentjens
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Alstom Transport SA
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GEC Alsthom Transport SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0618564A1 publication Critical patent/EP0618564A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17861—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices using additional means for damping sound, e.g. using sound absorbing panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17875—General system configurations using an error signal without a reference signal, e.g. pure feedback
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/128—Vehicles
    • G10K2210/1282—Automobiles
    • G10K2210/12821—Rolling noise; Wind and body noise
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/128—Vehicles
    • G10K2210/1283—Trains, trams or the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/321—Physical
    • G10K2210/3224—Passive absorbers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for active control of the noise produced by an apparatus. It also relates to a device for implementing this method.
  • the invention applies particularly well to the attenuation of the noises generated by the devices entering into the constitution of a train to reduce the rolling noise transmitted inside the vehicles.
  • the active noise control systems currently studied and even marketed for some consist to try to cancel the noise in the immediate vicinity of a person's ears or, if necessary, a few people.
  • Active noise control headphones have just been released. It makes it possible to superimpose, on the ears of the helmet wearer, an anti-noise signal with a surrounding noise.
  • Experiments are currently being carried out on small planes to reduce noise in the cabin. Acoustic sensors are used for this, roughly representing the ears of the passengers, and a relatively large number of speakers to generate an anti-noise signal in the cabin, this signal being superimposed on the surrounding noise.
  • the present invention provides a solution to these problems. It consists in using an active noise control process, not to cancel or reduce the noise in certain determined places of an occupied room, but to cancel or reduce the noise around the noise generating device in order to prevent its spread to the room in question. Since the noisy device generally occupies a limited space in relation to the room occupied, the noise canceling device then uses a reduced number of detectors and speakers.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a method of active control of the noise transmitted in a room by a noisy source external to the room, consisting in capturing the noise produced by the noisy source and in electronically generating a counter-noise, that is to say -to say a noise in phase opposition with the noise of the source in order to cancel it, characterized in that the counter-noise is added to the source noise in an area located between the noisy source and the room to form a silent barrier present all along said zone and whose dimensions are those of said zone, so as to prevent the transmission of noise from source to the local.
  • the transducer means can be speakers directed towards the room.
  • the noisy source can be a component of a train. It can be a bogie located under the body of a railway vehicle. It may be a median bogie connecting two rail vehicles, the transducer means being arranged on the one hand on one of the two rail vehicles and on the other hand on the other rail vehicle.
  • a rail vehicle bogie will be chosen as the noisy source and the adjacent passenger compartment (or passenger compartments) as local.
  • the rolling noise of a train is transmitted, via the bogies, to the passenger compartments.
  • insulating panels are currently used arranged between bogies and compartments. These panels weigh relatively heavy (more than 30 kg / m2) and are between 10 and 15 cm thick.
  • the bogies can be connected to rail vehicles in two different ways illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
  • Each end of a railway vehicle can rest on its own bogie. This is the case for non-articulated train sets.
  • the ends of two adjacent railway vehicles 1, 2 rest on bogies 3, 4 specific to each vehicle.
  • the transmission of the rolling noise coming from the bogies 3, 4 is stopped or greatly attenuated by the presence of silent barriers 5, 6 covering the bogies and separating them from the interior of the vehicles 1, 2.
  • Two adjacent ends of railway vehicles can rest on a common bogie. This is the case with articulated trains.
  • the adjacent ends of the vehicles 11 and 12 rest on a common bogie 13.
  • the adjacent ends of the vehicles 12 and 14 rest on a common bogie 15.
  • the transmission of rolling noise coming from bogies 13 and 15 is stopped or greatly attenuated by the presence of two silent barriers per bogie.
  • the silent barriers 16 and 17 oppose the propagation of the rolling noise coming from the bogie 13 and propagating towards the vehicles 11 and 12.
  • the silent barriers 18 and 19 oppose the propagation of the rolling noise coming bogie 15 and propagating towards vehicles 12 and 14.
  • Silent barriers oppose noise throughout the area between the noisy source and the room. Its dimensions are those of the area between the noisy source and the room.
  • the thickness of the acoustic barriers will depend on the problem dealt with, which is a function, for example, of the frequency range, of the extent of the source.
  • Silent barriers are present throughout the area. They therefore have dimensions corresponding to that of the wall.
  • the silent barriers have the function of fictitiously doubling the original wall.
  • the silent barrier may be equipped with control means (not shown), for example sensors. These control means are connected to the transducer means receiving the counter-noise signals and emitting the counter-noise.
  • FIGS 3 and 4 illustrate the application of the invention in the case of a two-level articulated train.
  • These figures show a bogie half 20 supporting the end of a vehicle 21.
  • a noise sensor 22 (or possibly several sensors) is placed near the bogie 20 constituting the noisy source.
  • This noise sensor delivers the detected signals to an on-board counter-noise generator which electronically produces counter-noise signals.
  • These signals are received by a set of transducers, loudspeakers 23 for FIG. 3, surrounding the part of the bogie 20 corresponding to the vehicle 21.
  • the loudspeakers emit the counter-noise in the direction of propagation of the rolling noise, that is to say towards the inhabited interior of the vehicle.
  • the loudspeakers 23 transmit a counter-noise which is equal to the rolling noise but in phase opposition, there is then at the level of the loudspeakers a silent barrier preventing the transmission of the source noise towards the interior of the vehicle.
  • the transducers consist of vibrating walls 24 surrounding the end of the bogie 20.
  • Noise control can therefore be of the aerial type by the use of loudspeakers. It can be of the integral type by the use of elements applied to the partitions adjacent to the bogie such as vibrating pots or piezoelectric elements which can be given the form of walls.
  • Active rolling noise control can be done according to known methods of active control, in open loop or closed loop.
  • the counter-noise generator 30 (see FIG. 5) can be made up of digital filters calculated by LMS algorithm (least squares method). It receives electrical signals representative of the rolling noise and transmitted by the sensor 22 and provides counter-noise signals in response to the speakers 23 (or to the other transducers used).
  • LMS algorithm least squares method
  • the invention can also be applied to the reduction of noise transmitted by other members, for example traction motors.
  • counter-noise generators can be used especially for low frequency noises. For the higher frequencies it is still necessary to interpose layers of insulating material. However, relatively thin layers are sufficient for these high noise frequencies.
  • the invention also makes it possible, if the silent barrier sufficiently envelopes the noisy source, to reduce the level of noise radiated outside the room concerned.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the active control of the noise transmitted into a space (21) by a noisy source (20) outside the space and a system for the implementation of this method. It consists in picking up the noise produced by the noisy source and in electronically generating counter-noise, that is to say noise in phase opposition with the noise from the source so as to cancel it out, characterised in that the counter-noise is added to the source noise in a region situated between the noisy source and the space so as to form a quiet barrier preventing the transmission of the source noise towards the space. Application in particular to the railway sector. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé de contrôle actif du bruit produit par un appareil. Elle concerne également un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.The present invention relates to a method for active control of the noise produced by an apparatus. It also relates to a device for implementing this method.

L'invention s'applique particulièrement bien à l'atténuation des bruits générés par les appareils entrant dans la constitution d'un train pour réduire le bruit de roulement transmis à l'intérieur des véhicules.The invention applies particularly well to the attenuation of the noises generated by the devices entering into the constitution of a train to reduce the rolling noise transmitted inside the vehicles.

Il est connu d'atténuer les bruits générés par des machines tournantes, des appareils comportant des organes en mouvement, etc, par des matériaux absorbant les bruits. On les utilise généralement sous forme de panneaux d'isolation disposés autour des appareils bruyants. Pour être suffisamment efficaces, ces panneaux doivent être relativement épais donc encombrants. Ils sont disposés à une certaine distance des appareils ce qui augmente l'encombrement. En outre, il y a inévitablement des zones dépourvues d'isolation (zones de transmission des mouvements, conduits de ventilation, conduits d'échappement de gaz, etc.).It is known to attenuate the noise generated by rotating machines, devices comprising moving parts, etc., by noise absorbing materials. They are generally used in the form of insulation panels arranged around noisy devices. To be sufficiently effective, these panels must be relatively thick and therefore bulky. They are arranged at a certain distance from the devices, which increases the bulk. In addition, there are inevitably areas without insulation (movement transmission areas, ventilation ducts, gas exhaust ducts, etc.).

On connaît aussi des systèmes de contrôle actif du bruit qui utilisent un procédé consistant à générer électroniquement un bruit en opposition de phase avec un bruit gênant afin d'annuler ce dernier. Bien que ce procédé utilise des principes théoriques connus depuis longtemps, ce n'est que depuis peu qu'il a donné lieu à quelques applications. La raison tient à la complexité qu'il y a à reproduire en temps réel un signal en opposition de phase avec un bruit donné. Cette difficulté peut maintenant être surmontée grâce aux progrès incessants effectués dans le domaine des microprocesseurs qui peuvent actuellement traiter des algorithmes complexes.Active noise control systems are also known which use a process consisting in electronically generating noise in phase opposition with an annoying noise in order to cancel the latter. Although this method uses theoretical principles known for a long time, it is only recently that it has given rise to some applications. The reason is due to the complexity of reproducing in real time a signal in phase opposition with a given noise. This difficulty can now be overcome thanks to the incessant progress made in the field of microprocessors which can currently process complex algorithms.

Les systèmes de contrôle actif du bruit étudiés actuellement et même commercialisés pour certains consistent à tenter d'annuler le bruit à proximité immédiate des oreilles d'une personne ou à la rigueur de quelques personnes. Un casque à contrôle actif du bruit vient d'être commercialisé. Il permet de superposer, aux oreilles du porteur du casque, un signal antibruit à un bruit environnant. Des expériences sont actuellement menées à bord de petits avions pour réduire le bruit dans la carlingue. On utilise pour cela des capteurs acoustiques, représentant grossièrement les oreilles des passagers, et un nombre relativement important de haut-parleurs pour générer un signal d'antibruit dans la carlingue, ce signal se superposant au bruit environnant.The active noise control systems currently studied and even marketed for some consist to try to cancel the noise in the immediate vicinity of a person's ears or, if necessary, a few people. Active noise control headphones have just been released. It makes it possible to superimpose, on the ears of the helmet wearer, an anti-noise signal with a surrounding noise. Experiments are currently being carried out on small planes to reduce noise in the cabin. Acoustic sensors are used for this, roughly representing the ears of the passengers, and a relatively large number of speakers to generate an anti-noise signal in the cabin, this signal being superimposed on the surrounding noise.

Ces systèmes connus de contrôle actif du bruit présentent un certain nombre d'inconvénients. En effet, ils ont pour objet d'annuler le bruit à un emplacement déterminé ou à plusieurs emplacements également bien déterminés représentant la position d'une ou de plusieurs personnes. Si le casque antibruit peut s'utiliser sans problème dans le cas d'un pilote d'avion de chasse, il n'en va pas de même des passagers d'un avion de ligne ou d'un train. Le contrôle actif du bruit dans un local de grand volume (une voiture ferroviaire par exemple) est, par ces méthodes, difficile à mettre en oeuvre. Il exige un grand nombre de hauts parleurs et de microphones détecteurs de bruit. En outre, les zones à faible bruit sont localisées. On retombe dans un espace bruyant dès qu'on s'écarte de ces zones.These known active noise control systems have a number of drawbacks. In fact, their purpose is to cancel the noise at a determined location or at several equally well determined locations representing the position of one or more people. If the noise canceling headset can be used without problem in the case of a fighter pilot, it is not the same for the passengers of an airliner or a train. Active noise control in a large volume room (a railway car for example) is, by these methods, difficult to implement. It requires a large number of loudspeakers and noise-detecting microphones. In addition, low noise areas are located. We fall back into a noisy space as soon as we move away from these areas.

La présente invention propose une solution à ces problèmes. Elle consiste à utiliser un procédé de contrôle actif du bruit, non pas pour annuler ou diminuer le bruit à certains endroits déterminés d'un local occupé, mais pour annuler ou diminuer le bruit autour de l'appareil générateur de bruit afin d'empêcher sa propagation vers le local en question. L'appareil bruyant occupant généralement un espace restreint par rapport au local occupé, le dispositif antibruit utilise alors un nombre réduit de détecteur et de haut-parleurs.The present invention provides a solution to these problems. It consists in using an active noise control process, not to cancel or reduce the noise in certain determined places of an occupied room, but to cancel or reduce the noise around the noise generating device in order to prevent its spread to the room in question. Since the noisy device generally occupies a limited space in relation to the room occupied, the noise canceling device then uses a reduced number of detectors and speakers.

L'invention a donc pour objet un procédé de contrôle actif du bruit transmis dans un local par une source bruyante extérieure au local, consistant à capter le bruit produit par la source bruyante et à générer électroniquement un contre-bruit, c'est-à-dire un bruit en opposition de phase avec le bruit de la source afin de l'annuler, caractérisé en ce que le contre-bruit est ajouté au bruit de source dans une zone située entre la source bruyante et le local pour former une barrière silencieuse présente tout le long de ladite zone et dont les dimensions sont celles de ladite zone, de manière à empécher la transmission du bruit de source vers le local.The subject of the invention is therefore a method of active control of the noise transmitted in a room by a noisy source external to the room, consisting in capturing the noise produced by the noisy source and in electronically generating a counter-noise, that is to say -to say a noise in phase opposition with the noise of the source in order to cancel it, characterized in that the counter-noise is added to the source noise in an area located between the noisy source and the room to form a silent barrier present all along said zone and whose dimensions are those of said zone, so as to prevent the transmission of noise from source to the local.

L'invention a aussi pour objet un dispositif de mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :

  • des moyens de captage du bruit de source placés à proximité de la source bruyante et délivrant des signaux représentatifs du bruit de source,
  • des moyens recevant les signaux représentatifs du bruit de source et générant électroniquement en réponse des signaux de contre-bruit,
  • des moyens transducteurs recevant les signaux de contre-bruit et émettant le contre-bruit, ces moyens transducteurs étant situés dans ladite zone entre la source bruyante et le local,
  • des moyens de contrôle, reliés aux moyens transducteurs, assurant la minimisation du niveau de bruit, ces moyens de contrôle étant situés dans ladite zone entre la source bruyante et le local, et caractérisé par la formation d'une barrière silencieuse présente tout le long de ladite zone et dont les dimensions sont celles de ladite zone.
The invention also relates to a device for implementing this method, characterized in that it comprises:
  • means for capturing the source noise placed near the noisy source and delivering signals representative of the source noise,
  • means receiving the signals representative of the source noise and generating electronically in response to counter-noise signals,
  • transducer means receiving the counter-noise signals and emitting the counter-noise, these transducer means being located in said zone between the noisy source and the room,
  • control means, connected to the transducer means, ensuring the minimization of the noise level, these control means being located in said zone between the noisy source and the room, and characterized by the formation of a silent barrier present all along said zone and whose dimensions are those of said zone.

Les moyens transducteurs peuvent être des haut-parleurs dirigés vers le local.The transducer means can be speakers directed towards the room.

Ils peuvent constituer des parois vibrantes enveloppant la source bruyante.They can constitute vibrating walls enveloping the noisy source.

La source bruyante peut être un organe constitutif d'un train. Il peut s'agir d'un bogie situé sous la caisse d'un véhicule ferroviaire. Il peut s'agir d'un bogie médian reliant deux véhicules ferroviaires, les moyens transducteurs étant disposés d'une part sur l'un des deux véhicules ferroviaires et d'autre part sur l'autre véhicule ferroviaire.The noisy source can be a component of a train. It can be a bogie located under the body of a railway vehicle. It may be a median bogie connecting two rail vehicles, the transducer means being arranged on the one hand on one of the two rail vehicles and on the other hand on the other rail vehicle.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages et particularités apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre non limitatif, accompagnée des dessins annexés parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente une fraction d'une rame ferroviaire non articulée sur laquelle est monté le dispositif selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 représente une fraction d'une rame ferroviaire articulée sur laquelle est monté le dispositif selon l'invention,
  • la figure 3 illustre une première variante de mise en oeuvre de l'invention sur une rame ferroviaire articulée,
  • la figure 4 illustre une deuxième variante de mise en oeuvre de l'invention sur une rame ferroviaire articulée,
  • la figure 5 représente schématiquement la partie électrique du dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages and particularities will appear on reading the description which follows, given without limitation, accompanied by the appended drawings among which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a fraction of a non-articulated railway train on which the device according to the invention is mounted,
  • FIG. 2 represents a fraction of an articulated railway train on which the device according to the invention is mounted,
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a first variant of implementation of the invention on an articulated railway train,
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a second variant of implementation of the invention on an articulated railway train,
  • FIG. 5 schematically represents the electrical part of the device for implementing the method according to the invention.

Dans la suite de la description, on choisira comme source bruyante un bogie de véhicule ferroviaire et comme local le compartiment voyageurs (ou les compartiments voyageurs) adjacents.In the following description, a rail vehicle bogie will be chosen as the noisy source and the adjacent passenger compartment (or passenger compartments) as local.

Le bruit de roulement d'un train est transmis, par l'intermédiaire des bogies, aux compartiments voyageurs. Pour atténuer ce bruit de roulement, on utilise actuellement des panneaux isolants disposés entre bogies et compartiments. Ces panneaux pèsent relativement lourds (plus de 30 kg/m²) et ont entre 10 et 15 cm d'épaisseur.The rolling noise of a train is transmitted, via the bogies, to the passenger compartments. To attenuate this rolling noise, insulating panels are currently used arranged between bogies and compartments. These panels weigh relatively heavy (more than 30 kg / m²) and are between 10 and 15 cm thick.

Les bogies peuvent être reliés aux véhicules ferroviaires de deux façons différentes illustrées par les figures 1 et 2.The bogies can be connected to rail vehicles in two different ways illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.

Chaque extrémité d'un véhicule ferroviaire peut reposer sur un bogie qui lui est propre. C'est le cas des rames ferroviaires non articulées. Ainsi à la figure 1, les extrémités de deux véhicules ferroviaires adjacents 1, 2 reposent sur des bogies 3, 4 propres à chaque véhicule. Selon l'invention, la transmission du bruit de roulement venant des bogies 3, 4 est arrêtée ou fortement atténuée par la présence de barrières silencieuses 5, 6 recouvrant les bogies et les séparant de l'intérieur des véhicules 1, 2.Each end of a railway vehicle can rest on its own bogie. This is the case for non-articulated train sets. Thus in FIG. 1, the ends of two adjacent railway vehicles 1, 2 rest on bogies 3, 4 specific to each vehicle. According to the invention, the transmission of the rolling noise coming from the bogies 3, 4 is stopped or greatly attenuated by the presence of silent barriers 5, 6 covering the bogies and separating them from the interior of the vehicles 1, 2.

Deux extrémités adjacentes de véhicules ferroviaires peuvent reposer sur un bogie commun. C'est le cas des rames articulées. Ainsi à la figure 2, les extrémités adjacentes des véhicules 11 et 12 reposent sur un bogie commun 13. De même, les extrémités adjacentes des véhicules 12 et 14 reposent sur un bogie commun 15. Selon l'invention, la transmission du bruit de roulement venant des bogies 13 et 15 est arrêtée ou fortement atténuée par la présence de deux barrières silencieuses par bogie. Les barrières silencieuses 16 et 17 s'opposent à la propagation du bruit de roulement venant du bogie 13 et se propageant vers les véhicules 11 et 12. De même, les barrières silencieuses 18 et 19 s'opposent à la propagation du bruit de roulement venant du bogie 15 et se propageant vers le véhicules 12 et 14.Two adjacent ends of railway vehicles can rest on a common bogie. This is the case with articulated trains. Thus in FIG. 2, the adjacent ends of the vehicles 11 and 12 rest on a common bogie 13. Similarly, the adjacent ends of the vehicles 12 and 14 rest on a common bogie 15. According to the invention, the transmission of rolling noise coming from bogies 13 and 15 is stopped or greatly attenuated by the presence of two silent barriers per bogie. The silent barriers 16 and 17 oppose the propagation of the rolling noise coming from the bogie 13 and propagating towards the vehicles 11 and 12. Likewise, the silent barriers 18 and 19 oppose the propagation of the rolling noise coming bogie 15 and propagating towards vehicles 12 and 14.

Les barrières silencieuses s'opposent au bruit tout le long de la zone entre la source bruyante et le local. Ses dimensions sont celles de la zone située entre la source bruyante et le local.Silent barriers oppose noise throughout the area between the noisy source and the room. Its dimensions are those of the area between the noisy source and the room.

L'épaisseur des barrières accoustiques dépendra du problème traité qui est fonction, par exemple, de la gamme de fréquence, de l'étendu de la source.The thickness of the acoustic barriers will depend on the problem dealt with, which is a function, for example, of the frequency range, of the extent of the source.

Les barrières silencieuses sont présentes tout le long de la zone. Elles ont donc des dimensions correspondant à celle de la paroi.Silent barriers are present throughout the area. They therefore have dimensions corresponding to that of the wall.

En d'autres termes, les barrières silencieuses ont comme fonction de doubler, de façon fictive, la paroi d'origine.In other words, the silent barriers have the function of fictitiously doubling the original wall.

La barrière silencieuse est susceptible d'être équipée de moyens de contrôle (non représentés), par exemples des capteurs. Ces moyens de contrôle sont reliés aux moyens transducteurs recevant les signaux de contre-bruit et émettant le contre-bruit.The silent barrier may be equipped with control means (not shown), for example sensors. These control means are connected to the transducer means receiving the counter-noise signals and emitting the counter-noise.

Ces capteurs ont pour fonction d'assurer la minimisation du niveau de bruit dans la zone de silence.These sensors have the function of ensuring the minimization of the noise level in the zone of silence.

Les figures 3 et 4 illustrent l'application de l'invention au cas d'une rame articulée à deux niveaux. Ces figures montrent une moitié de bogie 20 supportant l'extrémité d'un véhicule 21. Un capteur de bruit 22 (ou éventuellement plusieurs capteurs) est placé à proximité du bogie 20 constituant la source bruyante. Ce capteur de bruit délivre les signaux détectés à un générateur de contre-bruit embarqué qui élabore électroniquement des signaux de contre-bruit. Ces signaux sont reçus par un ensemble de transducteurs, des haut-parleurs 23 pour la figure 3, entourant la partie du bogie 20 correspondant au véhicule 21. Les haut-parleurs émettent le contre-bruit dans la direction de propagation du bruit de roulement, c'est-à-dire vers l'intérieur habité du véhicule.Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the application of the invention in the case of a two-level articulated train. These figures show a bogie half 20 supporting the end of a vehicle 21. A noise sensor 22 (or possibly several sensors) is placed near the bogie 20 constituting the noisy source. This noise sensor delivers the detected signals to an on-board counter-noise generator which electronically produces counter-noise signals. These signals are received by a set of transducers, loudspeakers 23 for FIG. 3, surrounding the part of the bogie 20 corresponding to the vehicle 21. The loudspeakers emit the counter-noise in the direction of propagation of the rolling noise, that is to say towards the inhabited interior of the vehicle.

Si les haut-parleurs 23 transmettent un contre-bruit qui est égal au bruit de roulement mais en opposition de phase, il existe alors au niveau des haut-parleurs une barrière silencieuse empêchant la transmission du bruit de source vers l'intérieur du véhicule.If the loudspeakers 23 transmit a counter-noise which is equal to the rolling noise but in phase opposition, there is then at the level of the loudspeakers a silent barrier preventing the transmission of the source noise towards the interior of the vehicle.

A la figure 4 les transducteurs sont constitués de parois vibrantes 24 entourant l'extrémité du bogie 20.In FIG. 4 the transducers consist of vibrating walls 24 surrounding the end of the bogie 20.

Le contrôle du bruit peut donc être du type aérien par l'emploi de haut-parleurs. Il peut être de type solidien par l'emploi d'éléments appliqués sur les cloisons adjacentes au bogie comme des pots vibrants ou des éléments piézoélectriques auxquels on peut donner la forme de parois.Noise control can therefore be of the aerial type by the use of loudspeakers. It can be of the integral type by the use of elements applied to the partitions adjacent to the bogie such as vibrating pots or piezoelectric elements which can be given the form of walls.

Le contrôle actif du bruit de roulement peut se faire selon les procédés connus de contrôle actif, en boucle ouverte ou en boucle fermée.Active rolling noise control can be done according to known methods of active control, in open loop or closed loop.

Le générateur de contre-bruit 30 (voir la figure 5) peut être constitué de filtres numériques calculés par algorithme LMS (méthode des moindres carrés). Il reçoit des signaux électriques représentatifs du bruit de roulement et transmis par le capteur 22 et fournit en réponse des signaux de contre-bruit aux haut-parleurs 23 (ou aux autres transducteurs utilisés).The counter-noise generator 30 (see FIG. 5) can be made up of digital filters calculated by LMS algorithm (least squares method). It receives electrical signals representative of the rolling noise and transmitted by the sensor 22 and provides counter-noise signals in response to the speakers 23 (or to the other transducers used).

Dans le domaine ferroviaire l'invention peut encore s'appliquer à la réduction du bruit transmis par d'autres organes, par exemple les moteurs de traction.In the railway sector, the invention can also be applied to the reduction of noise transmitted by other members, for example traction motors.

Actuellement les générateurs de contre-bruit sont utilisables surtout pour les bruits de basse fréquence. Pour les plus hautes fréquences il faut encore interposer des couches de matériau isolant. Néanmoins, des couches d'épaisseur relativement faible suffisent pour ces hautes fréquences de bruit.Currently, counter-noise generators can be used especially for low frequency noises. For the higher frequencies it is still necessary to interpose layers of insulating material. However, relatively thin layers are sufficient for these high noise frequencies.

L'invention permet également, si la barrière silencieuse enveloppe suffisamment la source bruyante, de réduire le niveau de bruit rayonné à l'extérieur du local concerné.The invention also makes it possible, if the silent barrier sufficiently envelopes the noisy source, to reduce the level of noise radiated outside the room concerned.

Claims (7)

1) Procédé de contrôle actif du bruit transmis dans un local (1, 2) par une source bruyante (3, 4) extérieure au local, consistant à capter le bruit produit par la source bruyante et à générer électroniquement un contre-bruit, c'est-à-dire un bruit en opposition de phase avec le bruit de la source afin de l'annuler, caractérisé en ce que le contre-bruit est ajouté au bruit de source dans une zone située entre la source bruyante et le local pour former une barrière silencieuse (5, 6) présente tout le long de ladite zone et dont les dimensions sont celles de ladite zone, de manière à empécher la transmission du bruit de source vers le local. 1) Method for active control of the noise transmitted in a room (1, 2) by a noisy source (3, 4) outside the room, consisting in capturing the noise produced by the noisy source and in electronically generating a counter-noise, c '' is to say a noise in phase opposition with the noise of the source in order to cancel it, characterized in that the counter-noise is added to the source noise in an area located between the noisy source and the room for forming a silent barrier (5, 6) present all along said zone and whose dimensions are those of said zone, so as to prevent the transmission of source noise to the local. 2) Dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : - des moyens de captage (22) du bruit de source placés à proximité de la source bruyante (20) et délivrant des signaux représentatifs du bruit de source, - des moyens (30) recevant les signaux représentatifs du bruit de source et générant électroniquement en réponse des signaux de contre-bruit, - des moyens transducteurs (23, 24) recevant les signaux de contre-bruit et émettant le contre-bruit, ces moyens transducteurs étant situés dans ladite zone entre la source bruyante et le local, - des moyens de contrôle, reliés aux moyens transducteurs (23, 24), assurant la minimisation du niveau de bruit, ces moyens de contrôle étant situés dans ladite zone entre la source bruyante et le local, et caractérisé par la formation d'une barrière silencieuse (5, 6) présente tout le long de ladite zone et dont les dimensions sont celles de ladite zone. 2) Device for implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: - source noise capture means (22) placed close to the noisy source (20) and delivering signals representative of the source noise, - means (30) receiving the signals representative of the source noise and generating electronically in response to counter-noise signals, - transducer means (23, 24) receiving the counter-noise signals and emitting the counter-noise, these transducer means being located in said zone between the noisy source and the room, - control means, connected to the transducer means (23, 24), ensuring the minimization of the noise level, these control means being located in said zone between the noisy source and the room, and characterized by the formation of a silent barrier (5, 6) present all along said zone and whose dimensions are those of said zone. 3) Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens transducteurs sont des haut-parleurs dirigés vers le local. 3) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the transducer means are speakers directed towards the room. 4) Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens transducteurs constituent des parois vibrantes enveloppant la source bruyante. 4) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the transducer means constitute vibrating walls enveloping the noisy source. 5) Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la source bruyante est un organe constitutif d'un train, le local étant une voiture passagers. 5) Device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the noisy source is a component of a train, the local being a passenger car. 6) Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit organe est un bogie (3, 4) situé sous une caisse de véhicule ferroviaire. 6) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that said member is a bogie (3, 4) located under a body of a railway vehicle. 7) Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit organe étant un bogie médian (13, 15) reliant deux véhicules ferroviaires, les moyens transducteurs sont disposés d'une part sur l'un des deux véhicules ferroviaires et d'autre part sur l'autre véhicule ferroviaire. 7) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that said member being a median bogie (13, 15) connecting two rail vehicles, the transducer means are arranged on the one hand on one of the two rail vehicles and on the other hand on the other rail vehicle.
EP94400688A 1993-04-02 1994-03-30 Method for the control of the noise generated by a device, and system for the implementation of the method Withdrawn EP0618564A1 (en)

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DE19824125C1 (en) * 1998-05-29 1999-09-16 Eras Entwicklung Und Realisati Active vibration suppression method for rail vehicle passenger carriage
DE10049819A1 (en) * 2000-10-09 2002-04-18 Siemens Ag Bogie for railway traction stock has two engines fastened to central bogie strut at right angles to direction of travel, and devices to compensate for momentum reaction forces
US6490696B1 (en) 1999-12-15 2002-12-03 Electronics For Imaging, Inc. System and method for printer output regression testing using display lists
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WO1997016048A1 (en) * 1995-10-20 1997-05-01 C.R.F. Societa' Consortile Per Azioni Sound reproduction system for vehicles
DE19824125C1 (en) * 1998-05-29 1999-09-16 Eras Entwicklung Und Realisati Active vibration suppression method for rail vehicle passenger carriage
US6490696B1 (en) 1999-12-15 2002-12-03 Electronics For Imaging, Inc. System and method for printer output regression testing using display lists
DE10049819A1 (en) * 2000-10-09 2002-04-18 Siemens Ag Bogie for railway traction stock has two engines fastened to central bogie strut at right angles to direction of travel, and devices to compensate for momentum reaction forces
EP2477073A1 (en) 2002-02-13 2012-07-18 Fujifilm Corporation Resist composition for electron beam, EUV or X-ray
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EP2278399A2 (en) 2002-05-31 2011-01-26 Fujifilm Corporation Positive-working resist composition
EP1693704A2 (en) 2005-02-02 2006-08-23 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Resist composition and pattern forming method using the same
EP1700890A2 (en) 2005-03-08 2006-09-13 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Ink composition, inkjet recording method, printed material, method of producing planographic printing plate, and planographic printing plate
EP1757635A1 (en) 2005-08-23 2007-02-28 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Curable modified oxetane compound and ink composition comprising it
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FR2703553A1 (en) 1994-10-07
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CA2120409A1 (en) 1994-10-03

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