EP0613982A1 - Dispositif de carcassage des matériaux - Google Patents

Dispositif de carcassage des matériaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0613982A1
EP0613982A1 EP94301529A EP94301529A EP0613982A1 EP 0613982 A1 EP0613982 A1 EP 0613982A1 EP 94301529 A EP94301529 A EP 94301529A EP 94301529 A EP94301529 A EP 94301529A EP 0613982 A1 EP0613982 A1 EP 0613982A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bucket
link
arm
jaw member
mounting point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94301529A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Arthur Taylor Hawkins
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB939304556A external-priority patent/GB9304556D0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0613982A1 publication Critical patent/EP0613982A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
    • E02F3/965—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements of metal-cutting or concrete-crushing implements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/08—Wrecking of buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/08—Wrecking of buildings
    • E04G23/082—Wrecking of buildings using shears, breakers, jaws and the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/08—Wrecking of buildings
    • E04G2023/086—Wrecking of buildings of tanks, reservoirs or the like

Definitions

  • This invention relates to materials breaking apparatus, and in particular to apparatus for breaking materials such as reinforced concrete, which apparatus is suitable for mounting on the articulated arm of an excavator or the like. Breaking in this context may include crushing and/or shearing. Concrete may be crushed and steel bars may be sheared, using different embodiments of the invention.
  • Digging and materials handling machines such as 360° excavators are very versatile and are commonly used for many different purposes in addition to their prime function of digging. They are typically tracked vehicles with multiple hydraulic power supplies for a boom, which can be raised and lowered and swung from side to side, and an arm pivoted so that it can be raised and lowered on the end of the boom.
  • the distant end of the arm in turn conventionally carries a digging bucket, which can be pivoted or "crowded" about a horizontal pivot axis where it is mounted on the end of the arm.
  • the bucket is normally powered by a hydraulic actuator, which may be referred to as the bucket ram, whose cylinder is mounted on the arm and whose piston rod extends to a crowd link which in turn is pivotally connected to a mounting point on the bucket.
  • the connection between the piston rod and the crowd link is supported by a stabiliser link to the arm.
  • Each of the crowd link and stabiliser link normally comprises a parallel pair of link members, one opposite the other on each side of the centre line of the equipment, for strength.
  • the pivot mounting at the end of the arm is often used for alternative attachments in place of the bucket.
  • These may include concrete breaking jaws.
  • the upper jaw replaces the bucket, and the lower jaw, which is mounted on the same pivot point, is held stationary by a rigid stay bar connected to the underside of the arm.
  • the stay bar may be adjustable so that the angle of the lower jaw can be set according to the task in hand.
  • This invention seeks to increase the forces that can be applied to concrete and the like using the standard actuator working through a conventional crowd link and stabiliser link.
  • breaking apparatus comprises some or all of the elements and features disclosed in the following description.
  • the scope of the invention extends to all novel aspects of the apparatus and related methods, whether individually or in combination with other features as described herein.
  • breaking apparatus may comprise an articulated arm of an excavator, backhoe, front loader or the like, with a crowd link and stabiliser link for a bucket pivoted on the arm and an actuator connected between the arm and the crowd link, wherein first and second opposed jaw members are provided, and the first jaw member is powered by the actuator through the crowd link in the absence of the bucket, and the said first jaw member is pivotally mounted on the arm at an auxiliary mounting point that lies further from the crowd link than the bucket mounting point.
  • the second jaw member may be pivotally mounted on the same auxiliary mounting point or on a different mounting point, and may be braced in a desired position by bracing means such as a fixed or adjustable stay bar or may be powered by an auxiliary actuator.
  • the auxiliary mounting point may be on a mounting member welded to the arm, or may be located on a removable mounting member.
  • the member may be adjustable into different positions, and may include alternative stay bar bracing points or actuator mountings.
  • the first jaw member may have a concave rear profile whereby it passes around the end of the excavator arm between the said auxiliary mounting point and the crowd link.
  • a method of converting an excavator or the like having a bucket mounted at the end of an arm and driven by an actuator operating through a crowd link supported by a stabiliser link comprises removing the bucket, attaching an auxiliary mounting point to the arm at a location that lies further from the crowd link than the bucket mounting point, and providing first and second opposed jaw members on the arm, wherein the first jaw member is pivotally mounted at the auxiliary mounting point and operatively connected to the actuator through the crowd link.
  • the excavator shown in Figure 1 is entirely conventional and includes an operator's cabin 11 and an engine housing 12, which encloses a diesel engine and hydraulic equipment for powering boom, arm, bucket, swing and travel circuits. The whole is mounted for 360° rotation on a tracked undercarriage 14.
  • a swing boom mounting 16 In front of the cabin is a swing boom mounting 16, which carries a boom 20 and a boom cylinder 22 for raising and lowering it.
  • an arm 24 which can be raised and lowered by arm cylinder 26 mounted on the boom.
  • arm cylinder 26 mounted on the boom.
  • a bucket 30 pivotally mounted at bucket mounting point 28 and actuated by bucket cylinder 32, carried on the arm, through crowd link 34 which is supported and guided by stabiliser link 36.
  • an arm 44 mounted on an excavator boom 40 and actuated by piston rod 42 has been modified by substituting a pair of concrete crushing jaws, consisting of upper jaw 46 and lower jaw 48, for the bucket at bucket mounting point 50.
  • the upper jaw is actuated by bucket cylinder 52 by means of crowd link 54 supported and guided by stabiliser link 56.
  • the lower jaw is held static in one of three fixed positions by stay bar 58 which is located by a removable pin 60 in one of three bracing points 62 in a bracket 64 which is welded to the underside of arm 44.
  • Crowd link 54 is pivotally connected to the upper crushing jaw 46 at point 66, which is a certain distance from the bucket mounting point 50 at which the upper jaw is pivoted on the excavator arm 44.
  • the arm, the stabiliser link, the crowd link and the upper jaw together form a closed ring of four linkages whose configuration is controlled by the extension of the bucket cylinder 52, which governs the angle between the stabiliser link and the arm. If it was desired to increase the crushing force exerted by the jaws, the expedient of increasing the separation of the point 66 from the point 50 can only be of limited effectiveness, because one consequence is to increase the angle between the crowd link and the stabiliser link, which can limit the range of movement of the upper jaw to an unacceptable degree.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates one solution in accordance with the present invention.
  • the excavator arm 44 retains bucket cylinder 52, crowd link 54 and stabiliser link 56, but bucket mounting point 50 at the leading end 70 of the arm is not used at all. Instead, an auxiliary mounting point 72 is provided on a mounting member 74, made up of a pair of steel plates welded side by side on the underside of arm 44, that is to say the side remote from the crowd link 54.
  • a pair of cooperating jaw members consisting of upper jaw 76 and lower jaw 78, are pivotally mounted at the common auxiliary mounting point 72.
  • Crowd link 54 is connected to the upper jaw at point 80, which corresponds approximately to the location of point 66 in Figure 2, but the distance between point 80 and the new auxiliary mounting point 72, measured in a straight line passing through the bucket mounting point 50, is about twice the distance between point 66 and point 50.
  • the radius of the arc on which point 80 moves is about twice the radius of the arc on which point 66 moves, and when they are aligned, point 66 is midway between point 80 and point 72.
  • the upper jaw includes a concave rear profile, passing around the leading end of arm 44.
  • the lower jaw 78 is braced by stay bar 82 located by pin 92 in one of three alternative bracing points 84 in mounting member 74.
  • the bracing point chosen is determined by the maximum size of material that is to be brought between the fully opened jaws.
  • FIG 3 the upper and lower jaws are shown in profile. Each consists of a laterally separated pair of side plates of the conformation shown in the drawing, connected by two transverse plates (dashed outlines) located by pegs 85 which are formed on opposite side edges of the transverse plates and received in corresponding slots in the respective side plates before the plates are welded together.
  • One transverse plate 87 in the lower jaw member carries two laterally spaced apart blocks (dotted outline) of replaceable teeth 86, and the corresponding transverse plate 89 in the upper jaw member carries a replaceable central large tooth or pick 88, positioned so as to pass between the two blocks 86 when the jaws are fully closed.
  • Abrasion resistant high tensile steel is the preferred material, at least for the teeth 86 and pick 88.
  • parts subjected to heavy wear may be given a coating of a suitable hard facing material, such as tungsten carbide particles in a carrier medium.
  • a pair of jaw members is always required to convert an excavator into a concrete breaker.
  • the apparatus provided by the invention can be used to break materials other than concrete.
  • alternative cooperating jaws including a pair of shear blades provided with corresponding connection points, can be fitted.
  • the lower jaw mounting member 74 for other attachments, such as a bucket or a fork, which can be braced by the stay bar 82.
  • the pivot point 50 in arm 44 can then be used for another bucket or fork opposed to the first one, so that the whole assembly can then be put to use as a grab, when a breaking action is not required.
  • Other variations are possible.
  • the original bucket might be replaced in pivot point 50 after removal of the upper jaw member 76, while lower jaw member 78 is retained to cooperate with the bucket in holding material and forcing it into the bucket by crowding the bucket towards the lower jaw.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention utilising the same excavator arm 44 which is articulated on boom 40 by actuator piston rod 42 and carries bucket cylinder 52 for working a bucket, normally mounted at pivot point 50, by means of crowd link 54 supported and guided by stabiliser link 56.
  • Figure 4 shows a replaceable and adjustable mounting member 104 carrying upper jaw member 106 at pivotal mounting point 110 and carrying lower jaw member 108 at a different pivotal mounting point 112.
  • the upper and lower jaw members 106, 108 are similar to the corresponding jaw members 76, 78 of the embodiment shown in Figure 3.
  • upper jaw member 106 has a concave rear profile to pass around the end of arm 44, and each jaw member is formed from steel side plates and transverse plates which are interlocked by means of edge pegs and corresponding slots prior to welding.
  • Adjustable stay bar 126 braces the lower jaw member in a selected position, and crowd link 54 drives the upper jaw member.
  • replaceable tooth sets 114 which are also formed by welding together interlocking steel side plates and transverse plates of abrasion resistant or hard faced steel. These are fitted to the corresponding jaw member by removable pins 116, and can be removed, reversed and replaced with the pins in alternative fitting holes 118.
  • the side plates are edge profiled to form the tooth-like projections needed for the concrete breaking action, and the tooth set in the upper jaw member can be given a central pick 119 for stressing concrete held across the side plate projections 117 of the tooth set in the lower jaw member.
  • Mounting member 104 is not welded to arm 44 but is held thereto by pins 120, 122 in respective brackets 121, 123 which are welded to the underside of the arm. This allows ready removal of the whole jaw and mounting assembly when it is not required, and ready replacement when it is. As a result, the dead weight of the arm without the removable fittings is increased only by the weight of the two brackets 121 and 122, allowing it to be used as a conventional excavator arm when so required.
  • a further advantage of this method of adapting an excavator for concrete breaking is that the geometry of the mounting member can readily be changed.
  • a replacement mounting member with different jaw pivot points 110, 112 can be provided.
  • the illustrated two pin mounting also allows the geometry to be changed by releasing one pin, swinging the mounting member on the remaining pin to a new orientation with respect to the arm, and supporting it there by inserting an extension piece between the free end of the mounting member and the bracket at which it had previously been attached to the arm. Such an arrangement is shown in Figure 5.
  • the arrangement shown is suitable for breaking large rocks, concrete or the like. Although the jaw opening is greatly increased, there is no change in the applied power of the upper jaw member.
  • the lower jaw member is shown braced not by a stay bar but by a hydraulic actuator 136. This is used to enable the apparatus to grip a rock before attempting to break it.
  • Actuator 136 closes the lower jaw on to a rock, after which the actuator ports are closed in a known manner to lock the drive side of the cylinder full of hydraulic fluid and avoid straining other parts of the hydraulic system by excessive back pressure. When this is done, actuator 136 behaves as a rigid brace, and only a small movement of upper jaw member 106 is needed to crack the rock.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
EP94301529A 1993-03-05 1994-03-03 Dispositif de carcassage des matériaux Withdrawn EP0613982A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9304556 1993-03-05
GB939304556A GB9304556D0 (en) 1993-03-05 1993-03-05 Breaking apparatus
GB9314183A GB2275628A (en) 1993-03-05 1993-07-09 Materials breaking apparatus
GB9314183 1993-07-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0613982A1 true EP0613982A1 (fr) 1994-09-07

Family

ID=26302540

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94301529A Withdrawn EP0613982A1 (fr) 1993-03-05 1994-03-03 Dispositif de carcassage des matériaux

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP0613982A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5664734A (en) * 1995-02-23 1997-09-09 Nippon Pneumatic Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Crusher apparatus
EP0825312A1 (fr) * 1996-08-19 1998-02-25 Nippon Pneumatic Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Outil briseur
EP0947295A1 (fr) * 1998-04-06 1999-10-06 Thyssen Henschel Gmbh Outil pouvant etre monté sur un manipulateur en vue de la manutention ou le travail de pièces en particulier de pièces de fonderie

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0404229A2 (fr) * 1989-06-20 1990-12-27 Verachtert Beheer B.V. Dispositif pour casser des éléments en béton ou matière similaire
US5142779A (en) * 1991-12-02 1992-09-01 Labounty Manufacturing, Inc. Mobile wood and tire shear
GB2258854A (en) * 1991-07-26 1993-02-24 David William Wilson Attachment for face shovel and back hoe excavators.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0404229A2 (fr) * 1989-06-20 1990-12-27 Verachtert Beheer B.V. Dispositif pour casser des éléments en béton ou matière similaire
GB2258854A (en) * 1991-07-26 1993-02-24 David William Wilson Attachment for face shovel and back hoe excavators.
US5142779A (en) * 1991-12-02 1992-09-01 Labounty Manufacturing, Inc. Mobile wood and tire shear

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5664734A (en) * 1995-02-23 1997-09-09 Nippon Pneumatic Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Crusher apparatus
EP0825312A1 (fr) * 1996-08-19 1998-02-25 Nippon Pneumatic Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Outil briseur
EP0947295A1 (fr) * 1998-04-06 1999-10-06 Thyssen Henschel Gmbh Outil pouvant etre monté sur un manipulateur en vue de la manutention ou le travail de pièces en particulier de pièces de fonderie

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