EP0612567A2 - Pressure compensation chamber comprising an insert - Google Patents

Pressure compensation chamber comprising an insert Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0612567A2
EP0612567A2 EP94102122A EP94102122A EP0612567A2 EP 0612567 A2 EP0612567 A2 EP 0612567A2 EP 94102122 A EP94102122 A EP 94102122A EP 94102122 A EP94102122 A EP 94102122A EP 0612567 A2 EP0612567 A2 EP 0612567A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner head
head according
channel
channels
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94102122A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0612567A3 (en
EP0612567B1 (en
Inventor
Franz Künzli
Erwin Hühne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FRANZ KUENZLI AG
HUEHNE, ERWIN DIETER
Original Assignee
Franz Kuenzli AG
UTP Schweissmaterial GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Franz Kuenzli AG, UTP Schweissmaterial GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Franz Kuenzli AG
Publication of EP0612567A2 publication Critical patent/EP0612567A2/en
Publication of EP0612567A3 publication Critical patent/EP0612567A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0612567B1 publication Critical patent/EP0612567B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/20—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion
    • B05B7/201—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner head for burner assemblies, with a single or multiple injector gas mixing system for the internal and / or external mixing of various combustion components, in particular fuel gases, auxiliary combustion gases and possibly liquid fuels, formed by an intermediate piece in the supply channels for the combustion components of a device connection surface up to a nozzle connection side are present, and a nozzle, which consists of a central part with channels and at least one union part, whereby for mixing at least two fuel components, the circumferentially distributed first channels assigned to a first fuel component open into first injector nozzle bores, which in turn lead to a , are connected by an annular gap between the central part and the coupling part, radial injector gap, and wherein the circumferentially distributed second channels assigned to the second combustion component are also in the radial injector gap flow out.
  • various combustion components in particular fuel gases, auxiliary combustion gases and possibly liquid fuels
  • Such a burner head is used, for example, in welding, cutting, flame or heating burners, in flame spraying devices or high-speed flame spray guns for spraying wire, rod and / or powdered spraying filler materials, as well as in high flame pressure guns, for producing synthetic diamond layers on substrate surfaces from a hydrocarbon - High speed oxygen flame with high flame pressure.
  • the burner head consists of an intermediate piece with supply channels and distributor grooves, which are connected to the supply channels, and a nozzle, which is formed from a central part with channels and a union part.
  • the fuel components are fed into the intermediate piece by means of individual, separate lines which open into the respective distributor grooves.
  • an annular gap is enclosed, which serves as a channel for a fuel component and opens into a radial injector gap, the other fuel component is also guided into the radial injector gap through nozzle channels designed as bores in the central part.
  • the distributor grooves guide the respective combustion component into the group of circumferentially distributed supply channels provided in the intermediate piece.
  • the combustion component which usually flows in at high pressure and high speed, is not distributed evenly into all the supply ducts belonging to the respective group, but rather that the combustion component in the supply ducts closest to the gas supply is led to the nozzle with higher pressure , than in the more distant supply channels.
  • This asymmetrical pressure distribution has the very disadvantageous consequence that the burner flame is not rotationally symmetrical and deviates in its flame direction from the central axis of the burner head.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a burner head which eliminates the disadvantages outlined above and which therefore produces a flame which is formed rotationally symmetrically around the burner head axis.
  • This object is achieved in that, circumferentially distributed in the intermediate piece, radial-axial pressure compensation chambers are connected on the one hand to the individual fuel component supply lines and on the other hand to the associated supply channels of the intermediate piece.
  • the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers change the flow direction of the combustion components in such a way that the more or less direct axial flow through the combustion component is prevented.
  • the cap part of the burner head according to the invention is provided with circumferentially distributed nozzle channels aligned in the installed position and completely covers the central part, towards the front side of the burner head pointing towards the flame, except for an optionally available spray additive guide channel: because with one
  • the central part of the nozzle is very hot due to the flame formation on the end face of the same, especially if, as in high-speed flame spraying, a burner chamber with an expansion nozzle is additionally attached to the end face of the burner head. Insulated cooling for the central part of the nozzle would be structurally very complex and extremely difficult because of its poor accessibility.
  • the preferred arrangement according to the invention of the central part and the union part of the nozzle shields the central part from the flame by the union part.
  • This measure in itself has the consequence that the thermal load on the central part is significantly reduced.
  • the heat generated on the end face of the burner head is dissipated inside the coupling part and thus to the outside of the nozzle, which is easily accessible to a cooling device.
  • a burner head according to the prior art which, due to the formation of the one burner component channel as an annular gap between the central part and the union part, only very few contact surfaces between these two parts, and therefore a poor heat transfer from the central part to the union part of the nozzle has eliminated in an incredibly simple manner.
  • the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers are annular. It may make sense for the individual radial-axial pressure compensation chambers of the individual burner components to be arranged on circles concentric with the central axis of the burner head. This is particularly advantageous if the individual groups of supply channels assigned to the individual fuel components are also arranged in concentric circles in the intermediate piece.
  • the radial-axial pressure compensation can take place by means of baffles integrated in the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers, which means elements which change the direction of flow and which can advantageously consist of stainless steel or brass, but which can also be formed by one or more, interchangeable filter stages.
  • baffles integrated in the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers, which means elements which change the direction of flow and which can advantageously consist of stainless steel or brass, but which can also be formed by one or more, interchangeable filter stages.
  • baffles are also designed to be annular or rotationally symmetrical.
  • the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers can also be provided with gas-permeable, porous material, which is smooth Flow through the combustion components from the distributor grooves into the nearest supply ducts is also prevented, thus ensuring the radial-axial pressure equalization.
  • the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers can be partially or completely filled with this material.
  • the gas-permeable, porous material can be a ceramic foam or a ceramic molded part; An open-pore sintered metal is advantageous for this purpose.
  • the outer fuel component guides which open into the radial injector gap, as an annular gap, but as individual, circumferentially distributed fuel component channels, the spaces between which are thermal bridges between the central part and the Form the union part.
  • This increases the heat transfer speed considerably, reduces the thermal load on the central part through better heat dissipation and prevents tensions between the central part and the union part caused by temperature differences.
  • It is structurally very simple to manufacture these fuel component channels by circumferentially distributed grooves in the central part or in the union part. The remaining, raised gaps then serve as a thermal bridge. This also has the additional advantage that an interference fit is made between the central part and the union part.
  • the throw-over part is expediently surrounded by a cooling space which holds a heat-dissipating medium, it being possible for the heat-dissipating medium to be cooling water.
  • downstream combustion chamber, the transition cone and the expansion nozzle are also surrounded by a cooling jacket, in which cooling channels are located, which are connected to the cooling space around the coupling part of the nozzle. Efficient cooling of the entire front area of the burner head is thus achieved in a simple manner with a single cooling circuit.
  • a liquid fuel component which is fed to the burner head according to the invention does not have to be an individual component, but it can advantageously also consist of a gasoline which has already been gasified and / or a liquid fuel which has already been mixed with oxygen.
  • the intermediate piece has on its device connection surface separate, gas-tightly sealed distributor grooves, into each of which a group of supply channels open.
  • These distributor grooves connect the individual fuel component supply lines to the associated supply channels of the intermediate piece or to the associated radial-axial pressure compensation chambers.
  • a spray additive guide channel is surrounded in the intermediate piece by a coaxial channel and in the central part by a coaxial ring channel, the latter opening into an annular channel which coaxially surrounds the spray additive guide channel in the coupling part: through this Channels surrounding the spray additive guide channel, the spray additive material jet emerging from the spray additive guide channel can be enveloped with a gas coaxially emerging from the end face of the burner head.
  • This gas can be a reaction gas;
  • a cooling gas which may be inert, for example, for low-melting spray additives.
  • a pressure compensation annular space is preferably arranged at least between the coaxial ring channel of the central part and the ring channel of the coupling part.
  • gas distribution bores which can be arranged between the coaxial channel of the intermediate piece and the coaxial ring channel of the central part.
  • the coaxial channels are preferably fed via an envelope gas feed line, which is connected to the coaxial channel of the intermediate piece by means of an envelope gas channel and a distributor annulus which serves for the uniform distribution of the envelope gas.
  • the coaxial channel of the intermediate piece, the coaxial ring channel of the central part and the ring channel of the coupling part are preferably flowed through with water vapor, in particular superheated water vapor.
  • water vapor in particular superheated water vapor.
  • the water vapor or the superheated water vapor which is thus fed to the flame as an additional medium, can improve the combustion, so that better energy utilization and clean, residue-free combustion result.
  • FIG. 1 shows the view of a device connection surface 6 with two fuel component feed lines 40 and a spray additive feed 41.
  • two combustion components for example oxygen and acetylene
  • a spray additive for example a metal powder
  • the fuel components flowing into the burner head through the fuel component supply lines 40 must now be passed on to the nozzle, distributed individually over the circumference, in this exemplary embodiment on circles concentric with the spray additive feed 41.
  • the combustion component flows into the distributor grooves 39, which are sealed off from one another and to the outside by O-rings inserted into the sealing grooves 46.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the solutions to the object of the invention using this special exemplary embodiment, with two fuel components and a spray additive.
  • the section of FIG. 3 runs according to AA of FIG. 1.
  • the sealing grooves 46 for receiving O-rings are clearly recognizable.
  • the other fuel component is conducted from the fuel component feed line 40 ′′ via the distributor groove 39 ′′ to the circumferentially distributed feed ducts 3 and 4 in the intermediate piece 1, which, as seen from the central axis 23, lie further inside.
  • the fuel component supply lines 40 lie only at one point on the circumference of the combustion head, but the supply ducts 2, 3, 4, 5 are evenly distributed over its circumference.
  • the combustion components from the distributor grooves 39 are first routed into rotationally symmetrical radial-axial pressure compensation chambers 19, 20 arranged concentrically around the central axis 23, where they are by means of Baffles 24, 25 are distributed equally in their dynamic pressure and in terms of quantity over the entire circumference; only then are the fuel components passed on to the supply ducts 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • the supply channels 2, 3, 4, 5 open on the nozzle connection side 7 into the respective channels 10, 11, 17, 18 of the nozzle 8, which is fastened to the intermediate piece 1 by means of a union nut 44.
  • the radially inner channels 10, 11 open into injector nozzle bores 13, 14 with a reduced cross section, as a result of which the speed of the combustion component, here for example oxygen, is extremely increased.
  • the radially outer channels 17, 18 arranged between the central part 9 and the coupling part 12 are passed on to an annular gap 15, which becomes a radial injector gap 16 due to the simultaneous opening of the injector nozzle bores 13, 14.
  • acetylene which for safety reasons can only be brought into the feed line at a low pressure, is conducted into the radial injector gap 16. There it is entrained by the high-speed oxygen jet from the injector nozzle bores 13, 14 into the alternately axially and focusing nozzle channels 28, 29. The resulting fuel gas mixture emerges from the end face 30 of the burner head and is then ignited.
  • the central part 9 of the nozzle 8 is spaced from the end face 30 of the burner head, so that its thermal load is kept within limits; the heat is dissipated from the end face 30 of the burner head within the cap 12.
  • This embodiment of a burner head according to the invention can be used for flame spraying, which is why a spray additive guide channel 38 is fitted along the central axis 23.
  • Figure 4 shows the alternating axial and focussing design of the nozzle channels 28 and 29 in section BB according to Figure 3. Furthermore, it can be clearly seen here that the radially outer channels 17, 18 are formed by circumferentially distributed grooves in the central part 9, whereby an interference fit between the coupling part 12 and the remaining thermal bridges 31 of the central part 9. It is immediately clear that the heat balance between the central part 9 and the throwing part 12 is substantially improved compared to a channel 17, 18 designed as an annular gap.
  • FIG. 5 shows a view of a device connection surface 6 of another embodiment of the burner head according to the invention, with four different fuel component supply lines 40 and a spray additive guide channel 38.
  • FIG. 6 shows the intermediate piece 1 in the section AA according to FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 5 accordingly also forms a view in the direction B of FIG. 6.
  • the spray additive guide channel 38 is also fitted here along the central axis 23.
  • FIG. 7, which shows a view in the direction C of FIG. 6, clarifies that the four different combustion components on the nozzle connection side 7 are now guided in supply channel groups 2, 3, 4, 5 which are distributed around the circumference on concentric circles.
  • FIG. 8 shows how an embodiment of the burner head according to the invention with intermediate piece 1, central part 9 and coupling part 12 is integrated into a burner gun.
  • the nozzle channels 28, 29 guiding the fuel component mixture open at the end face of the burner head 30 into a combustion chamber 33, which is continued via a transition cone 34 in an expansion nozzle 35.
  • the spray additive guide channel 38 also opens into the combustion chamber 33.
  • the device connection surface 6 of the intermediate piece 1 is connected by means of screws 48 to a connection piece 45, in which there are cooling water connections 42, as well as two fuel component supply lines 40 and a spray additive supply 41.
  • the fuel components are conducted from the fuel component supply lines 40 via the distributor grooves 39 to the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers 19, 20 with their baffles 24, 25, from where they pass through the supply ducts 2, 3, 4 , 5 are led to the nozzle 8.
  • the cooling of the nozzle 8 takes place via a cooling water circuit;
  • the cooling space 32 surrounding the coupling part 12 is connected to the cooling water connections 42.
  • the combustion chamber 33, the transition cone 34 and the expansion nozzle 35 are cooled in the cooling jacket 36 by the cooling channels 37 connected to the cooling chamber 32, and thus in the same cooling water circuit.
  • the cooling channels 37 are formed by annular gaps between the cooling jacket 36 and the expansion nozzle wall 49 on the one hand, and between the cooling jacket 36 and the outer screw sleeve 47 on the other hand.
  • the entire burner gun can be mounted by means of a mounting plate 50 attached to the burner head holder 43.
  • FIG. 10 shows a section of a burner head according to the invention, with which the spray additive jet can be provided with an enveloping gas coaxially surrounding it when it emerges from the end face 30 of the burner head:
  • Nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide or dry, oil-free compressed air, in special cases also oxygen or forming gas, as well as water vapor or superheated water vapor at a pressure which is greater than or equal to the combustion chamber pressure during the combustion are introduced into the envelope gas channel 54, from where they enter the Distributor annulus 55 pass for the purpose of uniform distribution around the spray additive guide channel 38, from there through the coaxial channel 56, the pressure compensation annular space 57, the coaxial ring channel 59 and the through holes of the centering ring 60 into the pressure compensation ring m 61 to be guided in order to finally flow out in a coaxially uniform manner through the annular channel 62 on the burner head face 30 in the form of a tube.
  • FIG. 11 a view in direction A according to FIG. 10, shows the ring channel 62, which is arranged coaxially around the spray additive guide channel 38 and from which the envelope gas emerges on the end of the burner head.
  • FIG. 12 shows, like FIG. 8, a section through a burner gun with a burner head according to the invention, the burner head corresponding to an embodiment as in FIG. 10 and the burner gun modified from the embodiment from FIG. 8:
  • the spray additive guide channel 38 is in the intermediate piece 1 , in the central part 9 and in the coupling part 12, as in FIG. 10, surrounded by a coaxial channel 56, a pressure compensation ring space 57, gas distributor bores 58, a coaxial ring channel 59, a centering ring 60 with through-bores, a pressure compensation ring space 61 and a ring channel 62.
  • a cooling gas in this illustrated embodiment a cooling gas
  • the embodiment shown is particularly suitable for high-speed (HVOF) flame spraying of low-melting, reactive injection additives that react strongly with oxygen in the melt-plastic and / or molten state:
  • HVOF high-speed flame spraying of low-melting, reactive injection additives that react strongly with oxygen in the melt-plastic and / or molten state:
  • the temperature becomes enveloped by enveloping the spray additive jet with a cooling gas applied to the envelope gas connection 52 to which the spray additive particles are heated is lowered;
  • the thermal load on the spray additive particles is further reduced due to the comparatively short design of the expansion nozzle 35. Due to the short design of the expansion nozzle 35, the expansion nozzle wall 49, the cooling jacket 36 and the outer screw sleeve 47 are also shorter.
  • FIG. 13 a view in the direction A according to FIG. 12, additionally shows the sheath gas connection 52 compared to FIG. 9, in this embodiment identified as a cooling gas connection.
  • the present invention thus provides a burner head which produces a flame which is formed rotationally symmetrically about the axis of the burner head and which, according to various embodiments, is advantageously suitable for flame spraying, in particular for high-speed flame spraying of high-melting as well as reactive, deep-melting materials, the invention not being applicable limited to the embodiments shown here.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a burner head for burner units, with a single- or multiple-injector gas-mixing system for the internal and/or external mixing of various combustion components, especially fuel gases, auxiliary combustion gases and, if required, liquid combustibles, formed by an intermediate piece in which there are feed ducts for the combustion components from one apparatus connection surface to a nozzle connection side, and with a nozzle which consists of a central part with ducts and of at least one union part, in which, for the purpose of mixing at least two combustion components, the circumferentially distributed first ducts assigned to a first combustion component open into first injector-nozzle holes which, for their part, are connected to a radial injector gap formed by an annular gap between the central part and the union part, and in which the circumferentially distributed second ducts assigned to the second combustion component likewise open into the radial injector gap, and in which radial/axial pressure compensation chambers circumferentially distributed in the intermediate piece are connected, on the one hand, to the individual distributor grooves and, on the other hand, to the associated feed ducts for the various combustion components, and in which the union part is preferably provided with nozzle ducts aligned with the injector-nozzle holes in the installed position and completely covers the central part towards the front end of the burner head pointing towards the flame, except for an additional injection guide duct which may be provided. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Brennerkopf für Brenneraggregate, mit einem Ein- oder Mehrfach-Injektor-Gasmischsystem zum Innen- und/oder Außenmischen von verschiedenen Brennkomponenten, insbesondere Brenngasen, Hilfsverbrennungsgasen und gegebenenfalls flüssigen Brennstoffen, gebildet durch ein Zwischenstück, in dem Zuleitungskanäle für die Brennkomponenten von einer Geräteanschlußfläche bis zu einer Düsenanschlußseite vorhanden sind, und einer Düse, die aus einem Zentralteil mit Kanälen und mindestens einem Überwurfteil besteht, wobei zum Mischen von mindestens zwei Brennkomponenten die einer ersten Brennkomponente zugeordneten, umfangsverteilten ersten Kanäle in erste Injektordüsenbohrungen münden, welche ihrerseits mit einem, durch einen Ringspalt zwischen dem Zentralteil und dem Überwurfteil gebildeten, Radial-Injektorspalt verbunden sind, und wobei die der zweiten Brennkomponente zugeordneten, umfangsverteilten zweiten Kanäle ebenfalls in den Radial-Injektorspalt münden.The invention relates to a burner head for burner assemblies, with a single or multiple injector gas mixing system for the internal and / or external mixing of various combustion components, in particular fuel gases, auxiliary combustion gases and possibly liquid fuels, formed by an intermediate piece in the supply channels for the combustion components of a device connection surface up to a nozzle connection side are present, and a nozzle, which consists of a central part with channels and at least one union part, whereby for mixing at least two fuel components, the circumferentially distributed first channels assigned to a first fuel component open into first injector nozzle bores, which in turn lead to a , are connected by an annular gap between the central part and the coupling part, radial injector gap, and wherein the circumferentially distributed second channels assigned to the second combustion component are also in the radial injector gap flow out.

Solch ein Brennerkopf findet Anwendung z.B. in Schweiß-, Schneid-, Flämm- oder Anwärmbrennern, in Flammspritzgeräten oder Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzbrennern zum Spritzen von draht-, stab- und/oder pulverförmigen Spritzzusatzwerkstoffen, sowie in Hochflammendruckbrennern, zum Erzeugen von synthetischen Diamantschichten auf Substratoberflächen aus einer Kohlenwasserstoff-Sauerstoff-Hochgeschwindigkeitsflamme mit hohem Flammendruck.Such a burner head is used, for example, in welding, cutting, flame or heating burners, in flame spraying devices or high-speed flame spray guns for spraying wire, rod and / or powdered spraying filler materials, as well as in high flame pressure guns, for producing synthetic diamond layers on substrate surfaces from a hydrocarbon - High speed oxygen flame with high flame pressure.

Aus der DE 30 33 579 ist ein Brennerkopf der eingangs genannten Art bekannt. Der Brennerkopf besteht dort aus einem Zwischenstück mit Zuleitungskanälen und Verteilernuten, die mit den Zuleitungskanälen in Verbindung stehen, sowie aus einer Düse, die aus einem Zentralteil mit Kanälen und einem Überwurfteil gebildet ist. Die Brennkomponentenzuführung in das Zwischenstück erfolgt durch einzelne, separate Leitungen, die in die jeweiligen Verteilernuten münden. Zwischen dem Zentralteil und dem Überwurfteil der Düse ist ein Ringspalt eingeschlossen, der als Kanal für eine Brennkomponente dient und in einen Radial-Injektorspalt mündet, die andere Brennkomponente wird durch als Bohrungen im Zentralteil ausgestaltete Düsenkanäle ebenfalls in den Radial-Injektorspalt geführt.From DE 30 33 579 a burner head of the type mentioned is known. There, the burner head consists of an intermediate piece with supply channels and distributor grooves, which are connected to the supply channels, and a nozzle, which is formed from a central part with channels and a union part. The fuel components are fed into the intermediate piece by means of individual, separate lines which open into the respective distributor grooves. Between the central part and the cap part of the nozzle, an annular gap is enclosed, which serves as a channel for a fuel component and opens into a radial injector gap, the other fuel component is also guided into the radial injector gap through nozzle channels designed as bores in the central part.

Die Verteilernuten leiten die jeweilige Brennkomponente in die jeweils vorgesehene Gruppe von umfangsverteilten Zuleitungskanälen im Zwischenstück. Dabei ergibt sich jedoch, daß die meist mit hohem Druck und hoher Geschwindigkeit einströmende Brennkomponente nicht gleichmäßig in alle zur jeweiligen Gruppe gehörenden Zuleitungskanäle verteilt wird, sondern daß die Brennkomponente in den Zuleitungskanälen, die der Gaszuführung am nächsten liegen, mit höherem Druck zur Düse geführt wird, als in den weiter beabstandeten Zuleitungskanälen. Diese asymmetrische Druckverteilung hat die sehr nachteilige Folge, daß die Brennerflamme sich nicht rotationssymmetrisch ausbildet und in ihrer Flammrichtung von der Mittelachse des Brennerkopfs abweicht.The distributor grooves guide the respective combustion component into the group of circumferentially distributed supply channels provided in the intermediate piece. However, this results in the fact that the combustion component, which usually flows in at high pressure and high speed, is not distributed evenly into all the supply ducts belonging to the respective group, but rather that the combustion component in the supply ducts closest to the gas supply is led to the nozzle with higher pressure , than in the more distant supply channels. This asymmetrical pressure distribution has the very disadvantageous consequence that the burner flame is not rotationally symmetrical and deviates in its flame direction from the central axis of the burner head.

Somit liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Brennerkopf bereitzustellen, der die oben skizzierten Nachteile eliminiert, der also eine sich rotationssymmetrisch um die Brennerkopfachse ausbildende Flamme herstellt.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a burner head which eliminates the disadvantages outlined above and which therefore produces a flame which is formed rotationally symmetrically around the burner head axis.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß, im Zwischenstück umfangsverteilt, Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern einerseits mit den einzelnen Brennkomponenten-Zuleitungen und andererseits mit den zugehörigen Zuleitungskanälen des Zwischenstücks in Verbindung stehen.This object is achieved in that, circumferentially distributed in the intermediate piece, radial-axial pressure compensation chambers are connected on the one hand to the individual fuel component supply lines and on the other hand to the associated supply channels of the intermediate piece.

Die Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern ändern die Strömungsrichtung der Brennkomponenten derart, daß das mehr oder weniger direkte axiale Durchströmen der Brennkomponente verhindert wird.The radial-axial pressure compensation chambers change the flow direction of the combustion components in such a way that the more or less direct axial flow through the combustion component is prevented.

Somit wird erreicht, daß der dynamische Druck der Brennkomponente innerhalb der Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammer in ihrem gesamten Volumen ausgeglichen wird. Dadurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß die Brennkomponentenströme in den einzelnen umfangsverteilten Zuleitungskanälen einer jeweiligen, je einer Brennkomponente zugeordneten Zuleitungskanal-Gruppe druck-, geschwindigkeits- und mengengleich sind, was nach der Mischung und Zündung der Brennkomponenten an der Brennerkopfstirnseite letztlich zu einem symmetrischen Flammenbild und einer optimalen Verbrennung führt.It is thus achieved that the dynamic pressure of the combustion component within the radial-axial pressure compensation chamber is equalized in its entire volume. This results in the advantage that the fuel component flows in the individual circumferentially distributed supply channels of a respective supply channel group assigned to each combustion component are equal in pressure, speed and quantity, which ultimately results in a symmetrical flame pattern after the mixing and ignition of the combustion components on the end face of the burner head and optimal combustion.

Besondere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn der Überwurfteil des erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs mit umfangsverteilten, in Einbauposition mit den Injektordüsenbohrungen fluchtenden Düsenkanälen versehen ist und den Zentralteil, zu der zur Flamme zeigenden Brennerkopfstirnseite hin, bis auf einen gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal, vollständig abdeckt: Denn bei einem Brennerkopf nach dem Stand der Technik wird der Zentralteil der Düse durch die Flammenausbildung an der Stirnseite desselben sehr heiß, vor allem dann, wenn, wie beim Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen, eine Brennerkammer mit Expansionsdüse an der Stirnseite des Brennerkopfs zusätzlich angebracht wird. Eine isolierte Kühlung für den Zentralteil der Düse wäre wegen seiner schlechten Zugänglichkeit jedoch konstruktiv sehr aufwendig und äußerst schwierig.There are particular advantages if the cap part of the burner head according to the invention is provided with circumferentially distributed nozzle channels aligned in the installed position and completely covers the central part, towards the front side of the burner head pointing towards the flame, except for an optionally available spray additive guide channel: because with one The burner head according to the prior art, the central part of the nozzle is very hot due to the flame formation on the end face of the same, especially if, as in high-speed flame spraying, a burner chamber with an expansion nozzle is additionally attached to the end face of the burner head. Insulated cooling for the central part of the nozzle would be structurally very complex and extremely difficult because of its poor accessibility.

Durch die erfindungsgemäß bevorzugte Anordnung von Zentralteil und Überwurfteil der Düse dagegen wird der Zentralteil durch den Überwurfteil von der Flamme abgeschirmt. Diese Maßnahme für sich hat schon die Folge, daß die thermische Belastung des Zentralteils deutlich vermindert wird. Darüber hinaus wird die an der Brennerkopfstirnseite entstehende Wärme innerhalb des Überwurfteils, und damit auf die Außenseite der Düse abgeleitet, welche für eine Kühleinrichtung leicht zugänglich ist. Somit ist auch der zusätzliche Nachteil eines Brennerkopfes nach dem Stand der Technik, der durch die Ausbildung des einen Brennerkomponentenkanals als Ringspalt zwischen dem Zentralteil und dem Überwurfteil nur sehr wenige Berührungsflächen zwischen diesen beiden Teilen, und daher eine mangelhafte Wärmeübertragung vom Zentralteil auf das Überwurfteil der Düse aufweist, in verblüffend einfacher Weise beseitigt.By contrast, the preferred arrangement according to the invention of the central part and the union part of the nozzle shields the central part from the flame by the union part. This measure in itself has the consequence that the thermal load on the central part is significantly reduced. In addition, the heat generated on the end face of the burner head is dissipated inside the coupling part and thus to the outside of the nozzle, which is easily accessible to a cooling device. Thus, there is also the additional disadvantage of a burner head according to the prior art, which, due to the formation of the one burner component channel as an annular gap between the central part and the union part, only very few contact surfaces between these two parts, and therefore a poor heat transfer from the central part to the union part of the nozzle has eliminated in an amazingly simple manner.

In einer bevorzugten, weil konstruktiv einfachen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs sind die Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern ringförmig ausgebildet. Dabei kann es sinnvoll sein, daß die einzelnen Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern der einzelnen Brennerkomponenten auf zur Mittelachse des Brennkopfs konzentrischen Kreisen angeordnet sind. Dies ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn auch die den einzelnen Brennkomponenten zugeordneten einzelnen Gruppen von Zuleitungskanälen im Zwischenstück auf konzentrischen Kreisen angeordent sind.In a preferred embodiment of the burner head according to the invention, which is simple in terms of construction, the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers are annular. It may make sense for the individual radial-axial pressure compensation chambers of the individual burner components to be arranged on circles concentric with the central axis of the burner head. This is particularly advantageous if the individual groups of supply channels assigned to the individual fuel components are also arranged in concentric circles in the intermediate piece.

Der radial-axiale Druckausgleich kann durch in den Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern integrierte Schikanen erfolgen, womit strömungsrichtungsändernde Elemente gemeint sind, die vorteilhafterweise aus nichtrostendem Stahl oder aus Messing bestehen können, die jedoch auch durch eine oder durch mehrere, auswechselbare Filterstufen gebildet werden können. Bei der Ausgestaltung der Schikanen als Filterstufen ergibt sich der zusätzliche Vorteil, daß eventuell vorhandene Verunreinigungen der Brennkomponenten aufgefangen werden, wodurch sie nicht mehr zu einer Verstopfung der Injektordüsenbohrung oder des Radial-Injektorspalts führen können.The radial-axial pressure compensation can take place by means of baffles integrated in the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers, which means elements which change the direction of flow and which can advantageously consist of stainless steel or brass, but which can also be formed by one or more, interchangeable filter stages. In the design of the baffles as filter stages, there is the additional advantage that any contaminants present in the fuel components are collected, as a result of which they can no longer lead to blockage of the injector nozzle bore or of the radial injector gap.

Im Fall einer ringförmigen Ausbildung der Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern ist es zweckmäßig, daß auch die Schikanen ringförmig, bzw. rotationssymmetrisch ausgeführt sind.In the case of an annular design of the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers, it is expedient that the baffles are also designed to be annular or rotationally symmetrical.

Außer mit labyrinthartigen Schikanen können die Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern auch mit gasdurchlässigem, porösem Material versehen sein, welches das glatte Durchströmen der Brennkomponenten von den Verteilernuten in die nächstliegenden Zuleitungskanäle ebenfalls verhindert, und somit den radial-axialen Druckausgleich gewährleistet. Die Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern können mit diesem Material teilweise oder vollständig ausgefüllt sein.In addition to labyrinthine baffles, the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers can also be provided with gas-permeable, porous material, which is smooth Flow through the combustion components from the distributor grooves into the nearest supply ducts is also prevented, thus ensuring the radial-axial pressure equalization. The radial-axial pressure compensation chambers can be partially or completely filled with this material.

Das gasdurchlässige, poröse Material kann ein Keramikschaum oder ein Keramikformteil sein; vorteilhaft ist für diesen Zweck ein offenporiges Sintermetall.The gas-permeable, porous material can be a ceramic foam or a ceramic molded part; An open-pore sintered metal is advantageous for this purpose.

Für die optimale Wärmeableitung aus dem Zentralteil in den Überwurfteil der Düse ist es vorteilhaft, die äußeren Brennkomponentenführungen, die in den Radial-Injektorspalt münden, nicht als Ringspalt, sondern als einzelne, umfangsverteilte Brennkomponenten-Kanäle auszubilden, deren Zwischenräume Wärmebrücken zwischen dem Zentralteil und dem Überwurfteil bilden. Dies erhöht die Wärmeübergangsgeschwindigkeit erheblich, verringert die thermische Belastung des Zentralteils durch bessere Wärmeableitung und verhindert durch Temperaturunterschiede hervorgerufene Verspannungen zwischen Zentralteil und Überwurfteil. Konstruktiv sehr einfach ist es, diese Brennkomponenten-Kanäle durch umfangsverteilte Nuten im Zentralteil oder im Überwurfteil herzustellen. Die stehenbleibenden, erhabenen Zwischenräume dienen dann als Wärmebrücke. Dies hat ferner den zusätzlichen Vorteil, daß dadurch eine Preßpassung zwischen Zentralteil und Überwurfteil vorgenommen wird.For optimal heat dissipation from the central part into the coupling part of the nozzle, it is advantageous not to design the outer fuel component guides, which open into the radial injector gap, as an annular gap, but as individual, circumferentially distributed fuel component channels, the spaces between which are thermal bridges between the central part and the Form the union part. This increases the heat transfer speed considerably, reduces the thermal load on the central part through better heat dissipation and prevents tensions between the central part and the union part caused by temperature differences. It is structurally very simple to manufacture these fuel component channels by circumferentially distributed grooves in the central part or in the union part. The remaining, raised gaps then serve as a thermal bridge. This also has the additional advantage that an interference fit is made between the central part and the union part.

Zweckmäßigerweise wird der Überwurfteil von einem, ein wärmeabführendes Medium fassenden, Kühlraum umgeben, wobei das wärmeabführende Medium Kühlwasser sein kann.The throw-over part is expediently surrounded by a cooling space which holds a heat-dissipating medium, it being possible for the heat-dissipating medium to be cooling water.

Insbesondere bei Verwendung einer nachgeschalteten Brennkammer mit Expansionsdüse, in der Temperaturen von bis zu 3000°C entstehen können, ist eine effiziente Kühlung der Düse, insbesondere der Brennerkopfstirnseite, von größter Bedeutung.Particularly when using a downstream combustion chamber with an expansion nozzle, in which temperatures of up to 3000 ° C can arise, efficient cooling of the nozzle, in particular the end face of the burner head, is of the utmost importance.

Vorteilhafterweise sind auch die nachgeschaltete Brennkammer, der Übergangskonus und die Expansionsdüse von einem Kühlmantel umgeben, worin sich Kühlkanäle befinden, die mit dem Kühlraum um den Überwurfteil der Düse verbunden sind. Somit ist eine effiziente Kühlung des gesamten vorderen Bereichs des Brennerkopfs auf einfache Weise mit einem einzigen Kühlkreislauf realisiert.Advantageously, the downstream combustion chamber, the transition cone and the expansion nozzle are also surrounded by a cooling jacket, in which cooling channels are located, which are connected to the cooling space around the coupling part of the nozzle. Efficient cooling of the entire front area of the burner head is thus achieved in a simple manner with a single cooling circuit.

Abweichend von der üblichen Zuordnung der Brennkomponenten zu den Kanälen und Injektordüsenbohrungen des Brennerkopfs, kann es beim erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopf zweckmäßig sein, die eventuell vorhandene Flüssigbrennstoff-Brennkomponente über die Injektordüsenbohrung unter Druck in den Radial-Injektorspalt zu leiten, in welchen Sauerstoff als Injektionsmittel gegeben wird, anstatt umgekehrt.Deviating from the usual assignment of the fuel components to the channels and injector nozzle bores of the burner head, it may be expedient in the burner head according to the invention to conduct the liquid fuel component, if any, via the injector nozzle bore under pressure into the radial injector gap into which oxygen is given as an injection medium. instead of the other way around.

Eine flüssige Brennkomponente, die dem erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopf zugeführt wird, muß keine Einzelkomponente sein, sondern sie kann vorteilhafterweise auch aus einem schon vergasten, und/oder einem bereits mit Sauerstoff vermischten Flüssigbrennstoff bestehen.A liquid fuel component which is fed to the burner head according to the invention does not have to be an individual component, but it can advantageously also consist of a gasoline which has already been gasified and / or a liquid fuel which has already been mixed with oxygen.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs weist das Zwischenstück an seiner Geräteanschlußfläche separate, nach außen gasdicht abgeschlossene Verteilernuten auf, in welche jeweils eine Gruppe von Zuleitungskanälen münden. Diese Verteilernuten verbinden die einzelnen Brennkomponenten-Zuleitungen mit den zugehörigen Zuleitungskanälen des Zwischenstücks bzw. mit den zugehörigen Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern. Dadurch ist es vorteilhafterweise möglich, verschiedene geräteseitige Brennkomponentenanschlüsse, auf annähernd einem Radius um die Brennerkopf-Mittelachse angeordnet, über die Brennkomponenten-Zuführungen in die Verteilernuten zu leiten, durch welche dann jede einzelne Brennkomponente in die ihr zugehörigen, auf jeweils verschiedenen Radien um die Brennerkopf-Mittelachse umfangsverteilt angeordneten, Zuleitungskanäle des Zwischenstücks geführt wird.According to a preferred embodiment of a burner head according to the invention, the intermediate piece has on its device connection surface separate, gas-tightly sealed distributor grooves, into each of which a group of supply channels open. These distributor grooves connect the individual fuel component supply lines to the associated supply channels of the intermediate piece or to the associated radial-axial pressure compensation chambers. As a result, it is advantageously possible to conduct various device-side fuel component connections, arranged on an approximately radius around the central axis of the burner head, via the fuel component feeds into the distributor grooves, through which each individual fuel component then passes into the associated, different radii around the burner head -Middle axis arranged circumferentially distributed, supply channels of the intermediate piece is guided.

Besondere Vorteile bietet die Erfindung, wenn ein Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal im Zwischenstück von einem Koaxial-Kanal, und im Zentralteil von einem Koaxial-Ringkanal umgeben ist, wobei letzterer in einen Ringkanal mündet, der den Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal im Überwurfteil koaxial umgibt: Durch diese den Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal koaxial umgebenden Kanäle kann der aus dem Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal austretende Spritzzusatzwerkstoff-Strahl mit einem koaxial um diesen aus der Brennerkopfstirnseite austretenden Gas umhüllt werden. Dieses Gas kann ein Reaktionsgas sein; insbesondere für niedrigschmelzende Spritzzusatzwerkstoffe ist es jedoch besonders vorteilhaft, ein Kühlgas, das beispielsweise inert sein kann, zu verwenden.The invention offers particular advantages if a spray additive guide channel is surrounded in the intermediate piece by a coaxial channel and in the central part by a coaxial ring channel, the latter opening into an annular channel which coaxially surrounds the spray additive guide channel in the coupling part: through this Channels surrounding the spray additive guide channel, the spray additive material jet emerging from the spray additive guide channel can be enveloped with a gas coaxially emerging from the end face of the burner head. This gas can be a reaction gas; However, it is particularly advantageous to use a cooling gas, which may be inert, for example, for low-melting spray additives.

Um eine genaue Zentrierung von Überwurfteil und Zentralteil trotz der Koaxial-Kanäle zu gewährleisten, ist es zweckmäßig, im Berührungsbereich von Zentralteil und Überwurfteil einen Zentrierring mit Durchgangsbohrungen im Koaxial-Ringkanal anzuordnen.In order to ensure exact centering of the union part and central part despite the coaxial channels, it is expedient to arrange a centering ring with through holes in the coaxial ring channel in the area of contact between the central part and union part.

Zur Gleichverteilung des Hüllgases über den gesamten Umfang des Ringkanals, aus dem es, den Spritzzusatzwerkstoff-Strahl umgebend, brennerkopfstirnseitig austritt, ist vorzugsweise zumindest zwischen dem Koaxial-Ringkanal des Zenralteils und dem Ringkanal des Überwurfteils ein Druckausgleichsringraum angeordnet. Dem gleichen Zweck dienen umfangsverteilte Gasverteilerbohrungen, die zwischen dem Koaxial-Kanal des Zwischenstücks und dem Koaxial-Ringkanal des Zentralteils angeordnet sein können.For equal distribution of the enveloping gas over the entire circumference of the ring channel, from which it emerges on the end of the burner head, surrounding the spraying additive material jet, a pressure compensation annular space is preferably arranged at least between the coaxial ring channel of the central part and the ring channel of the coupling part. For the same purpose serve circumferentially distributed gas distribution bores, which can be arranged between the coaxial channel of the intermediate piece and the coaxial ring channel of the central part.

Die Beschickung der Koaxial-Kanäle erfolgt vorzugsweise über eine Hüllgas-Zuleitung, die mittels einem Hüllgaskanal und einem Verteiler-Ringraum, der der Gleichverteilung des Hüllgases dient, mit dem Koaxial-Kanal des Zwischenstücks verbunden ist.The coaxial channels are preferably fed via an envelope gas feed line, which is connected to the coaxial channel of the intermediate piece by means of an envelope gas channel and a distributor annulus which serves for the uniform distribution of the envelope gas.

Bevorzugterweise werden der Koaxial-Kanal des Zwischenstücks, der Koaxial-Ringkanal des Zentralteils und der Ringkanal des Überwurfteils mit Wasserdampf, insbesondere überhitztem Wasserdampf durchströmt. Vorwiegend bei Verwendung von flüssigen Brennkomponenten kann der Wasserdampf, bzw. der überhitzte Wasserdampf, der so der Flamme als Zusatzmedium zugeführt wird, die Verbrennung verbessern, so daß eine bessere Energieausnutzung und eine saubere, rückstandsfreie Verbrennung resultieren.The coaxial channel of the intermediate piece, the coaxial ring channel of the central part and the ring channel of the coupling part are preferably flowed through with water vapor, in particular superheated water vapor. Mainly when using liquid fuel components, the water vapor or the superheated water vapor, which is thus fed to the flame as an additional medium, can improve the combustion, so that better energy utilization and clean, residue-free combustion result.

Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs werden anhand der Zeichnungen im folgenden näher erläutert und beschrieben.Exemplary embodiments of the burner head according to the invention are explained and described in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Ansicht der Geräteanschlußfläche eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs,
Figur 2
einen Schnitt durch die Geräteanschlußplatte eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs, entlang C-C nach Figur 1,
Figur 3
einen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopf, entlang A-A nach Figur 1,
Figur 4
einen Schnitt B-B nach Figur 3,
Figur 5
eine Ansicht der Geräteanschlußfläche einer anderen Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs,
Figur 6
einen Schnitt durch das Zwischenstück eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs, entlang A-A nach Figur 5,
Figur 7
eine Ansicht in Richtung C nach Figur 6,
Figur 8
einen Schnitt durch eine Brennerpistole mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopf,
Figur 9
eine Ansicht in Richtung A nach Figur 8,
Figur 10
einen Schnitt wie Figur 3, jedoch einer anderen Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs,
Figur 11
eine Ansicht in Richtung A nach Figur 10,
Figur 12
einen Schnitt wie Figur 8, jedoch einer anderen Ausführung einer Brennerpistole,
Figur 13
eine Ansicht in Richtung A nach Figur 12.
Show it:
Figure 1
a view of the device connection surface of a burner head according to the invention,
Figure 2
2 shows a section through the device connection plate of a burner head according to the invention, along CC according to FIG. 1,
Figure 3
2 shows a section through a burner head according to the invention, along AA according to FIG. 1,
Figure 4
4 shows a section BB according to FIG. 3,
Figure 5
a view of the device connection surface of another embodiment of the burner head according to the invention,
Figure 6
4 shows a section through the intermediate piece of a burner head according to the invention, along AA according to FIG. 5,
Figure 7
6 shows a view in the direction C according to FIG. 6,
Figure 8
2 shows a section through a burner gun with a burner head according to the invention,
Figure 9
8 shows a view in direction A according to FIG. 8,
Figure 10
4 shows a section as in FIG. 3, but with a different embodiment of the burner head according to the invention,
Figure 11
10 shows a view in direction A according to FIG. 10,
Figure 12
8 shows a section as in FIG. 8, but with a different version of a burner gun,
Figure 13
a view in direction A of Figure 12.

Figur 1 zeigt die Ansicht einer Geräteanschlußfläche 6 mit zwei Brennkomponenten-Zuleitungen 40, sowie einer Spritzzusatz-Zuführung 41.
Nach dieser Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs sollen also zwei Brennkomponenten, beispielsweise Sauerstoff und Acetylen, innerhalb der Düse vermischt werden, wobei der Flamme an der Brennerkopfstirnseite ein Spritzzusatz, beispielsweise ein Metallpulver, zugemischt werden soll. Die durch die Brennkomponenten-Zuleitungen 40 in den Brennerkopf einströmenden Brennkomponenten müssen nun, jede für sich, umfangsverteilt zur Düse weitergeführt werden, in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel auf zur Spritzzusatz-Zuführung 41 konzentrischen Kreisen. Zu diesem Zweck strömt die Brennkomponente in die Verteilernuten 39, die durch in die Dichtungsnuten 46 eingelegte O-Ringe gegeneinander und nach außen hin abgedichtet werden.FIG. 1 shows the view of a device connection surface 6 with two fuel component feed lines 40 and a spray additive feed 41.
According to this embodiment of a burner head according to the invention, two combustion components, for example oxygen and acetylene, are to be mixed within the nozzle, with a spray additive, for example a metal powder, being added to the flame on the end of the burner head. The fuel components flowing into the burner head through the fuel component supply lines 40 must now be passed on to the nozzle, distributed individually over the circumference, in this exemplary embodiment on circles concentric with the spray additive feed 41. For this purpose, the combustion component flows into the distributor grooves 39, which are sealed off from one another and to the outside by O-rings inserted into the sealing grooves 46.

Der Schnitt C-C in Figur 2, der zur Vereinfachung nur die Geräteanschlußplatte 51 des Zwischenstücks 1 zeigt, verdeutlicht den Verlauf der Verteilernuten 39 und ihrer zugeordneten Dichtungsnuten 46, welche O-Ring-Dichtungen aufnehmen.The section C-C in FIG. 2, which for simplification only shows the device connection plate 51 of the intermediate piece 1, illustrates the course of the distributor grooves 39 and their associated sealing grooves 46, which accommodate O-ring seals.

Figur 3 schließlich illustriert die erfindungsgemäßen Lösungen der gestellten Aufgabe an diesem speziellen Ausführungsbeispiel, mit zwei Brennkomponenten und einem Spritzzusatz. Der Schnitt von Figur 3 verläuft gemäß A-A der Figur 1. Hier sieht man deutlich die Verteilerfunktion der Verteilernut 39' die die erste Brennkomponente aus der Brennkomponenten-Zuleitung 40', separat von der anderen Brennkomponente, in die umfangsverteilten, von der Mittelachse 23 des Brennerkopfs weiter beabstandeten Zuleitungskanäle 2 und 5 leitet. Deutlich erkennbar sind die Dichtungsnuten 46 zur Aufnahme von O-Ringen.Finally, FIG. 3 illustrates the solutions to the object of the invention using this special exemplary embodiment, with two fuel components and a spray additive. The section of FIG. 3 runs according to AA of FIG. 1. Here you can clearly see the distributor function of the distributor groove 39 'which separates the first fuel component from the fuel component feed line 40', separately from the other fuel component, into the circumferentially distributed center axis 23 of the burner head further spaced Supply channels 2 and 5 conducts. The sealing grooves 46 for receiving O-rings are clearly recognizable.

Die andere Brennkomponente wird von der Brennkomponenten-Zuleitung 40'' über die Verteilernut 39'' zu den umfangsverteilten Zuleitungskanälen 3 und 4 im Zwischenstück 1 geleitet, welche, von der Mittelachse 23 gesehen, weiter innen liegen. Die Brennkomponenten-Zuleitungen 40 liegen nur auf einem Punkt des Brennkopfumfangs, die Zuleitungskanäle 2,3,4,5 jedoch sind gleichmäßig über dessen Umfang verteilt. Um nun eine gleichmäßige Verteilung auf die Zuleitungskanäle 2 und 5, bzw. 3 und 4 zu gewährleisten, werden die Brennkomponenten aus den Verteilernuten 39 zunächst in rotationssymmetrische, konzentrisch um die Mittelachse 23 angeordnete Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern 19,20 geleitet, wo sie mittels Schikanen 24,25 in ihrem dynamischen Druck sowie mengenmäßig über den gesamten Umfang gleichverteilt werden; erst danach werden die Brennkomponenten in die Zuleitungskanäle 2,3,4,5 weitergeleitet.The other fuel component is conducted from the fuel component feed line 40 ″ via the distributor groove 39 ″ to the circumferentially distributed feed ducts 3 and 4 in the intermediate piece 1, which, as seen from the central axis 23, lie further inside. The fuel component supply lines 40 lie only at one point on the circumference of the combustion head, but the supply ducts 2, 3, 4, 5 are evenly distributed over its circumference. In order to ensure a uniform distribution over the supply channels 2 and 5, or 3 and 4, the combustion components from the distributor grooves 39 are first routed into rotationally symmetrical radial-axial pressure compensation chambers 19, 20 arranged concentrically around the central axis 23, where they are by means of Baffles 24, 25 are distributed equally in their dynamic pressure and in terms of quantity over the entire circumference; only then are the fuel components passed on to the supply ducts 2, 3, 4, 5.

Die Zuleitungskanäle 2,3,4,5 münden an der Düsenanschlußseite 7 in die jeweils zugehörigen Kanäle 10,11,17,18 der Düse 8, die mittels einer Überwurfmutter 44 am Zwischenstück 1 befestigt ist. Die radial inneren Kanäle 10,11 münden in Injektordüsenbohrungen 13,14 mit vermindertem Querschnitt, wodurch die Geschwindigkeit der hierin geleiteten Brennkomponente, hier beispielsweise Sauerstoff, extrem erhöht wird. Die zwischen dem Zentralteil 9 und dem Überwurfteil 12 angeordneten, radial äußeren Kanäle 17,18 werden zu einem Ringspalt 15 weitergeleitet, der durch die gleichzeitige Einmündung der Injektordüsenbohrungen 13,14 zu einem Radial-Injektorspalt 16 wird.The supply channels 2, 3, 4, 5 open on the nozzle connection side 7 into the respective channels 10, 11, 17, 18 of the nozzle 8, which is fastened to the intermediate piece 1 by means of a union nut 44. The radially inner channels 10, 11 open into injector nozzle bores 13, 14 with a reduced cross section, as a result of which the speed of the combustion component, here for example oxygen, is extremely increased. The radially outer channels 17, 18 arranged between the central part 9 and the coupling part 12 are passed on to an annular gap 15, which becomes a radial injector gap 16 due to the simultaneous opening of the injector nozzle bores 13, 14.

In diesen äußeren Kanälen wird hier beispielsweise Acetylen, das aus Sicherheitsgründen in der Zuleitung nur mit einem niedrigen Druck herangeführt werden kann, in den Radial-Injektorspalt 16 geleitet. Dort wird es durch den Hochgeschwindigkeitssauerstoffstrahl aus den Injektordüsenbohrungen 13,14 in die alternierend axial und fokussierend gestalteten Düsenkanäle 28,29 mitgerissen. Das daraus entstandene Brenngasgemisch tritt an der Brennerkopfstirnseite 30 aus und wird anschließend gezündet.In these outer channels, for example, acetylene, which for safety reasons can only be brought into the feed line at a low pressure, is conducted into the radial injector gap 16. There it is entrained by the high-speed oxygen jet from the injector nozzle bores 13, 14 into the alternately axially and focusing nozzle channels 28, 29. The resulting fuel gas mixture emerges from the end face 30 of the burner head and is then ignited.

Der Zentralteil 9 der Düse 8 ist dabei von der Brennerkopfstirnseite 30 beabstandet, so daß seine thermische Belastung in Grenzen gehalten wird; die Wärme wird innerhalb des Überwurfteils 12 von der Brennerkopfstirnseite 30 abgeführt. Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs kann zum Flammspritzen verwendet werden, deshalb ist entlang der Mittelachse 23 ein Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal 38 eingepaßt.The central part 9 of the nozzle 8 is spaced from the end face 30 of the burner head, so that its thermal load is kept within limits; the heat is dissipated from the end face 30 of the burner head within the cap 12. This embodiment of a burner head according to the invention can be used for flame spraying, which is why a spray additive guide channel 38 is fitted along the central axis 23.

Figur 4 zeigt die alternierend axiale und fokussierende Gestaltung der Düsenkanäle 28 und 29 im Schnitt B-B nach Figur 3. Ferner wird hier deutlich erkennbar, daß die radial äußeren Kanäle 17,18 durch umfangsverteilte Nuten im Zentralteil 9 gebildet werden, wodurch eine Preßpassung zwischen dem Überwurfteil 12 und den stehengebliebenen Wärmebrücken 31 des Zentralteils 9 besteht. Es wird unmittelbar klar, daß dadurch der Wärmeausgleich zwischen Zentralteil 9 und Überwurfteil 12 gegenüber einem als Ringspalt ausgebildetem Kanal 17,18 wesentlich verbessert wird.Figure 4 shows the alternating axial and focussing design of the nozzle channels 28 and 29 in section BB according to Figure 3. Furthermore, it can be clearly seen here that the radially outer channels 17, 18 are formed by circumferentially distributed grooves in the central part 9, whereby an interference fit between the coupling part 12 and the remaining thermal bridges 31 of the central part 9. It is immediately clear that the heat balance between the central part 9 and the throwing part 12 is substantially improved compared to a channel 17, 18 designed as an annular gap.

Figur 5 zeigt eine Ansicht auf eine Geräteanschlußfläche 6 einer anderen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs, mit vier verschiedenen Brennkomponenten-Zuleitungen 40 und einem Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal 38.FIG. 5 shows a view of a device connection surface 6 of another embodiment of the burner head according to the invention, with four different fuel component supply lines 40 and a spray additive guide channel 38.

Hier ist schematisch dargestellt, wie die Brennkomponenten über die einzelnen Verteilernuten 39 zu den auf verschiedenen konzentrischen Kreisen liegenden, in dieser Ansicht eigentlich nicht sichtbaren Zuleitungskanäle 2,3,4,5 geleitet werden. Hier wird auch sehr klar die Problematik der rotationssymmetrischen Druckverteilung der Brennkomponenten in die verschiedenen Zuleitungskanalgruppen verdeutlicht. Die Verteilernuten 39 werden wiederum durch in die Dichtungsnuten 46 eingelegte O-Ringe abgedichtet.Here it is shown schematically how the fuel components are routed via the individual distributor grooves 39 to the supply ducts 2, 3, 4, 5 lying on different concentric circles, which are actually not visible in this view. The problem of the rotationally symmetrical pressure distribution of the combustion components in the different supply channel groups is also made very clear here. The distributor grooves 39 are in turn sealed by O-rings inserted in the sealing grooves 46.

Figur 6 zeigt das Zwischenstück 1 im Schnitt A-A nach Figur 5. Figur 5 bildet demzufolge auch eine Ansicht in Richtung B der Figur 6. Auch hier wird deutlich, wie die in den Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern 19,20,21,22 angeordneten, ringförmigen Schikanen 24,25,26,27 für den radial-axialen Druckausgleich, und somit für eine auf den gesamten Umfang des Brennerkopfs gleichmäßigen Druckverteilung der einzelnen Brennkomponenten in die Zuleitungskanäle 2,3,4,5 sorgt. Auch hier ist der Spritzzusatzführungskanal 38 entlang der Mittelachse 23 eingepaßt.FIG. 6 shows the intermediate piece 1 in the section AA according to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 accordingly also forms a view in the direction B of FIG. 6. Here too it is clear how the radial pressure compensation chambers 19, 20, 21, 22 arranged in the annular baffles 24,25,26,27 for the radial-axial pressure equalization, and thus ensures a uniform pressure distribution of the individual fuel components into the supply channels 2,3,4,5 over the entire circumference of the burner head. The spray additive guide channel 38 is also fitted here along the central axis 23.

Figur 7, die eine Ansicht in Richtung C der Figur 6 darstellt, verdeutlicht, daß die vier verschiedenen Brennkomponenten an der Düsenanschlußseite 7 nunmehr in umfangsverteilt auf konzentrischen Kreisen liegenden Zuleitungskanalgruppen 2,3,4,5 geführt werden.FIG. 7, which shows a view in the direction C of FIG. 6, clarifies that the four different combustion components on the nozzle connection side 7 are now guided in supply channel groups 2, 3, 4, 5 which are distributed around the circumference on concentric circles.

Figur 8 zeigt, wie eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopfs mit Zwischenstück 1, Zentralteil 9 und Überwurfteil 12 in eine Brennerpistole integriert wird. Die das Brennkomponentengemisch führenden Düsenkanäle 28,29 münden an der Brennerkopfstirnseite 30 in eine Brennkammer 33, welche über einen Übergangskonus 34 in einer Expansionsdüse 35 weitergeführt wird. Auch der Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal 38 mündet in die Brennkammer 33. Die Geräteanschlußfläche 6 des Zwischenstücks 1 wird mittels Schrauben 48 mit einem Anschlußstück 45 verbunden, in welchem sich Kühlwasseranschlüsse 42, sowie zwei Brennkomponenten-Zuleitungen 40 und eine Spritzzusatz-Zuführung 41 befinden. Die Brennkomponenten werden, wie in den obigen Beispielen ausgeführt, von den Brennkomponenten-Zuleitungen 40 über die Verteilernuten 39 zu den Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern 19,20 mit ihren Schikanen 24,25 geleitet, von wo sie über die Zuleitungskanäle 2,3,4,5 zur Düse 8 geführt werden. Die Kühlung der Düse 8 erfolgt über einen Kühlwasserkreislauf; zu diesem Zweck ist der das Überwurfteil 12 umgebende Kühlraum 32 mit den Kühlwasseranschlüssen 42 verbunden.FIG. 8 shows how an embodiment of the burner head according to the invention with intermediate piece 1, central part 9 and coupling part 12 is integrated into a burner gun. The nozzle channels 28, 29 guiding the fuel component mixture open at the end face of the burner head 30 into a combustion chamber 33, which is continued via a transition cone 34 in an expansion nozzle 35. The spray additive guide channel 38 also opens into the combustion chamber 33. The device connection surface 6 of the intermediate piece 1 is connected by means of screws 48 to a connection piece 45, in which there are cooling water connections 42, as well as two fuel component supply lines 40 and a spray additive supply 41. The fuel components, as stated in the examples above, are conducted from the fuel component supply lines 40 via the distributor grooves 39 to the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers 19, 20 with their baffles 24, 25, from where they pass through the supply ducts 2, 3, 4 , 5 are led to the nozzle 8. The cooling of the nozzle 8 takes place via a cooling water circuit; For this purpose, the cooling space 32 surrounding the coupling part 12 is connected to the cooling water connections 42.

Die Kühlung von Brennkammer 33, Übergangskonus 34 und Expansionsdüse 35 erfolgt im Kühlmantel 36 durch die mit dem Kühlraum 32 verbundenen Kühlkanäle 37, und somit im selben Kühlwasserkreislauf. Die Kühlkanäle 37 werden in diesem Beispiel durch Ringspalte zwischen Kühlmantel 36 und Expansionsdüsenwandung 49 einerseits, zwischen Kühlmantel 36 und Außenschraubhülse 47 andererseits gebildet. Die gesamte Brennerpistole kann mittels einer an der Brennerkopfhalterung 43 angebrachten Montageplatte 50 montiert werden.The combustion chamber 33, the transition cone 34 and the expansion nozzle 35 are cooled in the cooling jacket 36 by the cooling channels 37 connected to the cooling chamber 32, and thus in the same cooling water circuit. In this example, the cooling channels 37 are formed by annular gaps between the cooling jacket 36 and the expansion nozzle wall 49 on the one hand, and between the cooling jacket 36 and the outer screw sleeve 47 on the other hand. The entire burner gun can be mounted by means of a mounting plate 50 attached to the burner head holder 43.

In Figur 9, die eine Ansicht in Richtung A nach Figur 8 darstellt, wird der einfach zu bewerkstelligende Anschluß der Brennkomponenten an die Brennkomponenten-Zuleitungen 40, sowie des Spritzzusatzes an die Spritzzusatz-Zuführung 41 und des Kühlwassers an die Kühlwasseranschlüsse 42 am Anschlußstück 45 der Brennerpistole verdeutlicht.In Figure 9, which shows a view in the direction A of Figure 8, the easy-to-accomplish connection of the fuel components to the fuel component feed lines 40, as well as the spray additive to the spray additive feed 41 and the cooling water to the cooling water connections 42 on the connector 45 of the Burner gun clarifies.

Figur 10 zeigt im Schnitt einen erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopf, mit dem der Spritzzusatzwerkstoff-Strahl beim Austritt aus der Brennerkopfstirnseite 30 mit einem ihn koaxial umgebenden Hüllgas versehen werden kann: Zum Erzielen spezifischer Flammeneigenschaften, in Abhängigkeit der speziellen chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften der verwendeten Spritzzusatzwerkstoffe, können beispielsweise Stickstoff, Argon, Kohlendioxid oder trockene, ölfreie Druckluft, in Sonderfällen auch Sauerstoff oder Formiergas, sowie Wasserdampf oder überhitzter Wasserdampf mit einem Druck, der größer oder gleich dem Brennkammerdruck während der Verbrennung ist, in den Hüllgaskanal 54 eingeleitet werden, von wo sie in den Verteiler-Ringraum 55 zum Zweck der Gleichverteilung um den Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal 38 gelangen, um von dort durch den Koaxial-Kanal 56, den Druckausgleichsringraum 57, den Koaxial-Ringkanal 59 und die Durchgangsbohrungen des Zentrierrings 60 in den Druckausgleichsringraum 61 geleitet zu werden, um schließlich koaxial gleichverteilt durch den Ringkanal 62 an der Brennerkopfstirnseite 30 schlauchförmig auszuströmen. Um eine exakte koaxiale Gleichverteilung des Hüllgases zu erreichen, wird dieses zwischen dem Druckausgleichsringraum 57 und dem Koaxial-Ringkanal 59 über Gasverteilerbohrungen 58 geleitet. Der Schnittverlauf dieser Figur entspricht nicht exakt dem der Figur 3; daher ist die Verteilernut 39'' nicht dargestellt.FIG. 10 shows a section of a burner head according to the invention, with which the spray additive jet can be provided with an enveloping gas coaxially surrounding it when it emerges from the end face 30 of the burner head: For example, to achieve specific flame properties, depending on the special chemical and physical properties of the spray additive materials used Nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide or dry, oil-free compressed air, in special cases also oxygen or forming gas, as well as water vapor or superheated water vapor at a pressure which is greater than or equal to the combustion chamber pressure during the combustion, are introduced into the envelope gas channel 54, from where they enter the Distributor annulus 55 pass for the purpose of uniform distribution around the spray additive guide channel 38, from there through the coaxial channel 56, the pressure compensation annular space 57, the coaxial ring channel 59 and the through holes of the centering ring 60 into the pressure compensation ring m 61 to be guided in order to finally flow out in a coaxially uniform manner through the annular channel 62 on the burner head face 30 in the form of a tube. In order to achieve an exact coaxial uniform distribution of the envelope gas, it is passed between the pressure compensation annular space 57 and the coaxial annular channel 59 via gas distribution bores 58. The section of this figure does not exactly correspond to that of Figure 3; therefore the distributor groove 39 ″ is not shown.

Figur 11, eine Ansicht in Richtung A nach Figur 10, zeigt den koaxial um den Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal 38 angeordneten Ringkanal 62, aus dem das Hüllgas brennerkopfstirnseitig austritt.FIG. 11, a view in direction A according to FIG. 10, shows the ring channel 62, which is arranged coaxially around the spray additive guide channel 38 and from which the envelope gas emerges on the end of the burner head.

Figur 12 zeigt, wie Figur 8, einen Schnit durch eine Brennerpistole mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkopf, wobei der Brennerkopf einer Ausführung wie in Figur 10 entspricht, und die Brennerpistole gegenüber der Ausführung aus Figur 8 modifiziert ist: Der Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal 38 ist im Zwischenstück 1, im Zentralteil 9 und im Überwurfteil 12, wie in Figur 10, von einem Koaxial-Kanal 56, einem Druckausgleichsringraum 57, Gasverteilerbohrungen 58, einem Koaxial-Ringkanal 59, einem Zentrierring 60 mit Durchgangsbohrungen, einem Druckausgleichsringraum 61 und einem Ringkanal 62 umgeben. Diese Kanäle und Ringräume sind über einen Verteiler-Ringraum 55 und einen Hüllgaskanal 54 mit einer Hüllgas-Zuleitung 53 verbunden, so daß ein Hüllgas, in dieser dargestellten Ausführungsform ein Kühlgas, über den Hüllgasanschluß 52 in den Flammenbereich eingebracht werden kann. Die dargestellte Ausführungsform eignet sich besonders zum Hochgeschwindigkeits-(HVOF)-Flammspritzen von tiefschmelzenden, reaktionsfreudigen Spritzzusatzwerkstoffen, die im schmelzplastischen und/oder schmelzflüssigen Zustand stark mit Sauerstoff reagieren: Einerseits wird durch Umhüllen des Spritzzusatzwerkstoff-Strahls mit einem am Hüllgasanschluß 52 anliegenden Kühlgas die Temperatur, auf die die Spritzzusatzwerkstoffteilchen erhitzt werden, erniedrigt; zum anderen wird die thermische Belastung der Spritzzusatzwerkstoffteilchen aufgrund der vergleichsweise kurzen Ausbildung der Expansionsdüse 35 weiter vermindert. Aufgrund der kurzen Ausführung der Expansionsdüse 35 fallen auch die Expansionsdüsenwandung 49, der Kühlmantel 36 und die Außenschraubhülse 47 kürzer aus.FIG. 12 shows, like FIG. 8, a section through a burner gun with a burner head according to the invention, the burner head corresponding to an embodiment as in FIG. 10 and the burner gun modified from the embodiment from FIG. 8: the spray additive guide channel 38 is in the intermediate piece 1 , in the central part 9 and in the coupling part 12, as in FIG. 10, surrounded by a coaxial channel 56, a pressure compensation ring space 57, gas distributor bores 58, a coaxial ring channel 59, a centering ring 60 with through-bores, a pressure compensation ring space 61 and a ring channel 62. These channels and annular spaces are connected via a distributor annular space 55 and an enveloping gas channel 54 to an enveloping gas supply line 53, so that an enveloping gas, in this illustrated embodiment a cooling gas, can be introduced into the flame region via the enveloping gas connection 52. The embodiment shown is particularly suitable for high-speed (HVOF) flame spraying of low-melting, reactive injection additives that react strongly with oxygen in the melt-plastic and / or molten state: On the one hand, the temperature becomes enveloped by enveloping the spray additive jet with a cooling gas applied to the envelope gas connection 52 to which the spray additive particles are heated is lowered; on the other hand, the thermal load on the spray additive particles is further reduced due to the comparatively short design of the expansion nozzle 35. Due to the short design of the expansion nozzle 35, the expansion nozzle wall 49, the cooling jacket 36 and the outer screw sleeve 47 are also shorter.

Figur 13, eine Ansicht in Richtung A nach Figur 12, zeigt gegenüber Figur 9 zusätzlich den Hüllgasanschluß 52, in dieser Ausführungsform als Kühlgasanschluß gekennzeichnet.FIG. 13, a view in the direction A according to FIG. 12, additionally shows the sheath gas connection 52 compared to FIG. 9, in this embodiment identified as a cooling gas connection.

Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird also ein Brennerkopf bereitgestellt, der eine sich rotationssymmetrisch um die Brennerkopfsachse ausbildende Flamme herstellt, die vorteilhafterweise nach verschiedenen Ausführungsformen zum Flammspritzen, insbesondere zum Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen von hochschmelzenden, sowie von reaktionsfreudigen, tiefschmelzenden Werkstoffen geeignet ist, wobei sich die Erfindung nicht auf die hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt.The present invention thus provides a burner head which produces a flame which is formed rotationally symmetrically about the axis of the burner head and which, according to various embodiments, is advantageously suitable for flame spraying, in particular for high-speed flame spraying of high-melting as well as reactive, deep-melting materials, the invention not being applicable limited to the embodiments shown here.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
ZwischenstückSpacer
22nd
ZuleitungskanalSupply channel
33rd
ZuleitungskanalSupply channel
44th
ZuleitungskanalSupply channel
55
ZuleitungskanalSupply channel
66
GeräteanschlußflächeDevice connection area
77
DüsenanschlußseiteNozzle connection side
88th
Düsejet
99
ZentralteilCentral part
1010th
Kanalchannel
1111
Kanalchannel
1212th
ÜberwurfteilCap part
1313
InjektordüsenbohrungInjector nozzle bore
1414
InjektordüsenbohrungInjector nozzle bore
1515
RingspaltAnnular gap
1616
Radial-InjektorspaltRadial injector gap
1717th
Kanalchannel
1818th
Kanalchannel
1919th
Radial-Axial-DruckausgleichskammerRadial-axial pressure compensation chamber
2020th
Radial-Axial-DruckausgleichskammerRadial-axial pressure compensation chamber
2121
Radial-Axial-DruckausgleichskammerRadial-axial pressure compensation chamber
2222
Radial-Axial-DruckausgleichskammerRadial-axial pressure compensation chamber
2323
MittelachseCentral axis
2424th
Schikanechicane
2525th
Schikanechicane
2626
Schikanechicane
2727
Schikanechicane
2828
DüsenkanalNozzle channel
2929
DüsenkanalNozzle channel
3030th
BrennerkopfstirnseiteFace of the burner head
3131
WärmebrückeThermal bridge
3232
KühlraumCold room
3333
BrennkammerCombustion chamber
3434
ÜbergangskonusTransition cone
3535
ExpansionsdüseExpansion nozzle
3636
KühlmantelCooling jacket
3737
KühlkanäleCooling channels
3838
Spritzzusatz-FührungskanalSpray additive guide channel
3939
VerteilernutenDistributor grooves
4040
Brennkomponenten-ZuleitungFuel component supply line
4141
Spritzzusatz-ZuführungSpray additive feeder
4242
KühlwasseranschlüsseCooling water connections
4343
BrennerkopfhalterungBurner head holder
4444
ÜberwurfmutterCap nut
4545
AnschlußstückConnector
4646
DichtungsnutSealing groove
4747
AußenschraubhülseExternal screw sleeve
4848
Schraubescrew
4949
ExpansionsdüsenwandungExpansion nozzle wall
5050
MontageplatteMounting plate
5151
GeräteanschlußplatteDevice connection plate
5252
HüllgasanschlußEnvelope gas connection
5353
Hüllgas-ZuleitungEnvelope gas supply line
5454
HüllgaskanalEnvelope gas channel
5555
Verteiler-RingraumManifold annulus
5656
Koaxial-KanalCoaxial channel
5757
DruckausgleichsringraumPressure equalization annulus
5858
GasverteilerbohrungenGas distribution bores
5959
Koaxial-RingkanalCoaxial ring channel
6060
Zentrierring mit DurchgangsbohrungenCentering ring with through holes
6161
DruckausgleichsringraumPressure equalization annulus
6262
RingkanalRing channel

Claims (26)

Brennerkopf für Brenneraggregate, mit einem Ein- oder Mehrfach-Injektor-Gasmischsystem zum Innen- und/oder Außenmischen von verschiedenen Brennkomponenten, insbesondere Brenngasen, Hilfsverbrennungsgasen und gegebenenfalls flüssigen Brennstoffen,
gebildet durch ein Zwischenstück (1), in dem Zuleitungskanäle (2,3,4,5) für die Brennkomponenten, von einer Geräteanschlußfläche (6) bis zu einer Düsenanschlußseite (7), vorhanden sind,
und einer Düse (8), die aus einem Zentralteil (9) mit Kanälen (10,11) und mindestens einem Überwurfteil (12) besteht,
wobei zum Mischen von mindestens zwei Brennkomponenten die einer ersten Brennkomponente zugeordneten, umfangsverteilten ersten Kanäle (10,11) in erste Injektordüsenbohrungen (13,14) münden, welche ihrerseits mit einem, durch einen Ringspalt (15) zwischen dem Zentralteil (9) und dem Überwurfteil (12) gebildeten, Radial-Injektorspalt (16) verbunden sind, und wobei die der zweiten Brennkomponente zugeordneten, umfangsverteilten zweiten Kanäle (17,18) ebenfalls in den Radial-Injektorspalt (16) münden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß im Zwischenstück (1) umfangsverteilt Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern (19,20,21,22) einerseits mit den einzelnen Brennkomponenten-Zuleitungen (40) und andererseits mit den zugehörigen Zuleitungskanälen (2,3,4,5) des Zwischenstücks (1) in Verbindung stehen.Burner head for burner units, with a single or multiple injector gas mixing system for the internal and / or external mixing of various combustion components, in particular fuel gases, auxiliary combustion gases and possibly liquid fuels,
formed by an intermediate piece (1) in which there are supply ducts (2, 3, 4, 5) for the fuel components, from a device connection surface (6) to a nozzle connection side (7),
and a nozzle (8), which consists of a central part (9) with channels (10, 11) and at least one coupling part (12),
wherein for mixing at least two fuel components, the circumferentially distributed first channels (10, 11) assigned to a first fuel component open into first injector nozzle bores (13, 14), which in turn have an annular gap (15) between the central part (9) and the Radial injector gap (16) are formed, and the circumferentially distributed second channels (17, 18) assigned to the second burning component also open into the radial injector gap (16),
characterized,
that in the intermediate piece (1) circumferentially distributed radial-axial pressure compensation chambers (19,20,21,22) on the one hand with the individual fuel component supply lines (40) and on the other hand with the associated supply channels (2, 3, 4, 5) of the intermediate piece (1). Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Überwurfteil (12) mit, in Einbauposition mit den Injektordüsenbohrungen (13,14) fluchtenden, Düsenkanälen (28,29) versehen ist und den Zentralteil (9) zu der zur Flamme zeigenden Brennerkopfstirnseite (30) hin, bis auf einen gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal (31), vollständig abdeckt.Burner head according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the coupling part (12) is provided with nozzle channels (28, 29) aligned in the installation position with the injector nozzle bores (13, 14) and the central part (9) to the burner head end face (30) pointing to the flame, except for one that may be present Spray additive guide channel (31), completely covered. Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern (19,20,21,22) ringförmig ausgebildet sind.Burner head according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers (19, 20, 21, 22) are annular. Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die einzelnen Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern (19,20,21,22) der einzelnen Brennkomponenten auf zur Mittelachse (23) des Brennerkopfs konzentrischen Kreisen angeordnet sind.Burner head according to claim 3,
characterized,
that the individual radial-axial pressure compensation chambers (19, 20, 21, 22) of the individual combustion components are arranged on circles concentric to the central axis (23) of the burner head. Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern (19,20,21,22) mit Schikanen (24,25,26,27) versehen sind.Burner head according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers (19, 20, 21, 22) are provided with baffles (24, 25, 26, 27). Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schikanen (24,25,26,27) aus nichtrostendem Stahl oder aus Messing bestehen.Burner head according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the baffles (24, 25, 26, 27) are made of stainless steel or brass. Brennerkopf nach den Ansprüchen 3 und 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schikanen (24,25,26,27) ringförmig ausgebildet sind.Burner head according to claims 3 and 5,
characterized,
that the baffles (24,25,26,27) are ring-shaped. Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schikanen (24,25,26,27) aus einer oder aus mehreren, auswechselbaren Filterstufen bestehen.Burner head according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the baffles (24, 25, 26, 27) consist of one or more interchangeable filter stages. Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Radial-Axial-Druckausgleichskammern (19,20,21,22) mit gasdurchlässigem, porösem Material zumindest teilweise ausgefüllt sind.Burner head according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the radial-axial pressure compensation chambers (19, 20, 21, 22) are at least partially filled with gas-permeable, porous material. Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das gasdurchlässige, poröse Material ein Keramikschaum oder ein Keramikformteil ist.Burner head according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the gas-permeable, porous material is a ceramic foam or a ceramic molding. Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das gasdurchlässige, poröse Material aus einem offenporigen Sintermetall besteht.Burner head according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the gas-permeable, porous material consists of an open-pore sintered metal. Brennerkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwischen den umfangsverteilten Brennkomponenten-Kanälen (17,18) Wärmebrücken (31) vom Zentralteil (9) zum Überwurfteil (12) angeordnet sind.Burner head according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized,
that thermal bridges (31) are arranged between the circumferentially distributed fuel component channels (17, 18) from the central part (9) to the cap part (12). Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Brennkomponenten-Kanäle (17,18) durch umfangsverteilte Nuten im Zentralteil (9) oder im Überwurfteil (12) gebildet sind.Burner head according to claim 12,
characterized,
that the fuel component channels (17, 18) are formed by circumferentially distributed grooves in the central part (9) or in the union part (12). Brennerkopf nach einem der Anspruche 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Überwurfteil (12) von einem, ein wärmeabführendes Medium fassenden, Kühlraum (32) umgeben ist.Burner head according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the coupling part (12) is surrounded by a cooling space (32) containing a heat-dissipating medium. Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das wärmeabführende Medium Wasser ist.Burner head according to claim 14,
characterized,
that the heat-dissipating medium is water. Brennerkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an der Brennerkopfstirnseite (30) eine Brennkammer (33) mit Übergangskonus (34) und Expansionsdüse (35) angebracht ist.Burner head according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized,
that a combustion chamber (33) with transition cone (34) and expansion nozzle (35) is attached to the burner head end face (30). Brennerkopf nach den Ansprüchen 14 und 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Brennkammer (33), Übergangskonus (34) und Expansionsdüse (35) mit einem Kühlmantel (36) umgeben sind, in dem sich Kühlkanäle (37) befinden, die mit dem Kühlraum (32) in Verbindung stehen.Burner head according to claims 14 and 16,
characterized,
that the combustion chamber (33), transition cone (34) and expansion nozzle (35) are surrounded by a cooling jacket (36) in which there are cooling channels (37) which are in communication with the cooling chamber (32). Brennerkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß mindestens eine erste Brennkomponente, die den ersten Kanälen (10,11) und den Injektordüsenbohrungen (13,14) zugeordnet ist, ein Flüssigbrennstoff ist, und die den zweiten Kanälen (17,18), welche gemeinsam mit den Injektordüsenbohrungen (13,14) in den Radial-Injektorspalt (16) münden, zugeordnete zweite Brennkomponente Sauerstoff ist.Burner head according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized,
that at least one first fuel component, which is assigned to the first channels (10, 11) and the injector nozzle bores (13, 14), is a liquid fuel, and that to the second channels (17, 18), which together with the injector nozzle bores (13, 14 ) open into the radial injector gap (16), the assigned second combustion component is oxygen. Brennerkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß mindestens eine Brennkomponente aus vergastem und/oder mit Sauerstoff vermischtem Flüssigbrennstoff besteht.Burner head according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized,
that at least one fuel component consists of gasified and / or mixed with oxygen liquid fuel. Brennerkopf nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Zwischenstück (1) an seiner Geräteanschlußfläche (6) separate, nach außen gasdicht abgeschlossene Verteilernuten (3) aufweist, in welche jeweils eine Gruppe von Zuleitungskanälen (2,3,4,5) münden.Burner head according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the intermediate piece (1) has on its device connection surface (6) separate, gas-tightly sealed distributor grooves (3), into each of which a group of supply channels (2, 3, 4, 5) open. Brennerkopf nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal (38) im Zwischenstück (1) von einem Koaxial-Kanal (56) und im Zentralteil (9) von einem Koaxial-Ringkanal (59) umgeben ist, wobei letzterer in einen Ringkanal (62) mündet, welcher den Spritzzusatz-Führungskanal (38) im Überwurfteil (12) koaxial umgibt.Burner head according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that a spray additive guide channel (38) in the intermediate piece (1) is surrounded by a coaxial channel (56) and in the central part (9) by a coaxial ring channel (59), the latter opening into an annular channel (62) which the Spray additive guide channel (38) coaxially surrounds in the union part (12). Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 21,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß im Berührungsbereich von Zentralteil (9) und Überwurfteil (12) ein Zentrierring (60) mit Durchgangsbohrungen im Koaxial-Ringkanal (59) angeordnet ist.Burner head according to claim 21,
characterized,
that a centering ring (60) with through holes in the coaxial ring channel (59) is arranged in the contact area between the central part (9) and the union part (12). Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 21,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zumindest zwischen dem Koaxial-Ringkanal (59) und dem Ringkanal (62) ein Druckausgleichsringraum (61) angeordnet ist.Burner head according to claim 21,
characterized,
that a pressure compensation annular space (61) is arranged at least between the coaxial annular channel (59) and the annular channel (62). Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 21,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwischen dem Koaxial-Kanal (56) des Zwischenstücks (1) und dem Koaxial-Ringkanal (59) des Zentralteils (9) umfangsverteilte Gasverteilerbohrungen (58) angeordnet sind.Burner head according to claim 21,
characterized,
that circumferentially distributed gas distribution bores (58) are arranged between the coaxial channel (56) of the intermediate piece (1) and the coaxial ring channel (59) of the central part (9). Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 21,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Koaxial-Kanal (56) über einen Verteiler-Ringraum (55) und einen Hüllgaskanal (54) mit der Hüllgas-Zuleitung (53) verbunden ist.Burner head according to claim 21,
characterized,
that the coaxial channel (56) is connected via a distributor annulus (55) and an envelope gas channel (54) to the envelope gas supply line (53). Brennerkopf nach Anspruch 21,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Koaxial-Kanal (56), der Koaxial-Ringkanal (59) und der Ringkanal (62) mit Wasserdampf, insbesondere überhitztem Wasserdampf durchströmbar ist.Burner head according to claim 21,
characterized,
that water can flow through the coaxial channel (56), the coaxial ring channel (59) and the ring channel (62), in particular superheated steam.
EP94102122A 1993-02-26 1994-02-11 Pressure compensation chamber comprising an insert Expired - Lifetime EP0612567B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4305896 1993-02-26
DE4305896A DE4305896A1 (en) 1993-02-26 1993-02-26 Pressure compensation chamber with insert element

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0612567A2 true EP0612567A2 (en) 1994-08-31
EP0612567A3 EP0612567A3 (en) 1995-08-02
EP0612567B1 EP0612567B1 (en) 1998-04-29

Family

ID=6481356

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94102122A Expired - Lifetime EP0612567B1 (en) 1993-02-26 1994-02-11 Pressure compensation chamber comprising an insert

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5513801A (en)
EP (1) EP0612567B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE165533T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4305896A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0612567T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2118989T3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0825273A1 (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-02-25 The BOC Group plc Coating substrates with high temperature ceramics

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US6076748A (en) * 1998-05-04 2000-06-20 Resch; Darrel R. Odor control atomizer utilizing ozone and water
DE60239397D1 (en) * 2001-05-30 2011-04-21 Prysmian Spa METHOD AND BURNER FOR PRODUCING A GLASS FORM FOR OPTICAL FIBERS BY SEPARATION FROM THE STEAM PHASE
DE10357440B4 (en) * 2003-02-05 2006-02-09 Hühne, Erwin Dieter Low-temperature high-speed flame spraying system for preparing surfaces and / or for thermal spraying of pulverulent spray additives
US20050145270A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-07 Ray R. K. Pressure washer with injector
CN101363626B (en) 2007-08-06 2015-05-20 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Method of manufacturing a burner front face
CN101363623B (en) * 2007-08-06 2010-12-08 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Burner

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5513801A (en) 1996-05-07
EP0612567A3 (en) 1995-08-02
DK0612567T3 (en) 1999-02-15
DE4305896A1 (en) 1994-09-01
EP0612567B1 (en) 1998-04-29
ES2118989T3 (en) 1998-10-01
DE59405819D1 (en) 1998-06-04
ATE165533T1 (en) 1998-05-15

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