EP0605072B1 - Ship propulsion with two contra-rotating propellers - Google Patents

Ship propulsion with two contra-rotating propellers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0605072B1
EP0605072B1 EP93250358A EP93250358A EP0605072B1 EP 0605072 B1 EP0605072 B1 EP 0605072B1 EP 93250358 A EP93250358 A EP 93250358A EP 93250358 A EP93250358 A EP 93250358A EP 0605072 B1 EP0605072 B1 EP 0605072B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
gear
engine
ship
inner shaft
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93250358A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0605072A1 (en
Inventor
Günter Berger
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A Friedrich Flender AG
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Mannesmann AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/08—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers of more than one propeller
    • B63H5/10—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers of more than one propeller of coaxial type, e.g. of counter-rotative type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/02—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing
    • B63H23/10—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing for transmitting drive from more than one propulsion power unit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a letter drive with two counter-rotating screws, the rear propeller on an inner shaft and the front propeller is attached at the head end to a hollow shaft guided concentrically to the inner shaft, the shafts being connected to a transmission, the input shaft of which is connected to a drive unit.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic ship propulsion that drives maintenance-friendly and low power loss merchant ships with the greatest possible saving of fuel with structurally simple means and a minimum of components for power transmission from the drive unit.
  • the thrust bearing is an integrated component of the engine or the transmission.
  • Both motors can be operated independently of one another and each act on a propeller. This applies in particular to emergency operation, so that if one drive train is damaged, the other can continue to be used without hindrance.
  • the engine speeds and the gear ratio can be set according to the desired ratio of the propellers.
  • Fuel savings of up to 10% are expected due to the precise design options for the shape of the propellers and the rotational ratio to one another, as well as the low loss of power transmission from the drive units to the bolts.
  • a coupling between the drive unit and the gearbox is not required to use only one of the CRP propellers. Stopping an engine is sufficient here.
  • the clear and uncluttered structure of the ship propulsion system also allows simple installation of standard thrust bearings for the propeller shafts.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show the diagram of a ship's drive with the motors 11 and 12 of the drive assembly 10.
  • the motor 11 is connected via a coupling 21 to an output shaft 13, to which an inner shaft 53 is fastened, which has the rear propeller 51 at the head end Output 50 assembly.
  • the inner shaft 53 is guided through a hollow gear shaft 41 of a transmission assembly 40, a pressure bearing 31 and a brake 24 being arranged between the transmission 40 and the clutch 21.
  • the clutch 21 can be omitted.
  • a hollow shaft 54 is guided concentrically to the inner shaft 53 and has a front propeller 52 at one end and a gearwheel 41 at the other end.
  • a thrust bearing 32 is arranged between the front propeller 52 and the transmission 40.
  • a gear 42 with a smaller diameter meshes with the gear 41 and is connected via an input shaft 15 to an output shaft 14 connected to the motor 12, the shaft 14, 15 having a brake 23.
  • the output shaft 14 is connected to the motor 12 via a clutch 22 (only in FIG. 1).
  • the motor 11 is designed as a slow runner and the motor 12 as a medium speed runner.
  • the small-sized medium-speed rotor is arranged next to the propeller shafts, which leads to a very compact overall drive. It is conceivable, as is also customary in systems of this type, to connect a generator which generates the on-board current to the input-side half of the transmission. This could either work as a power take-off (PTO) or as a power take-in (PTI).
  • PTO power take-off
  • PPI power take-in

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schriffsantrieb mit zwei gegenläufigen Schrauben, deren hintere Schiffsschraube an einer Innenwelle und deren vordere Schiffsschraube an einer konzentrisch zur Innenwelle geführten Hohlwelle kopfendig befestigt ist, wobei die Wellen mit einem Getriebe in Verbindung stehen, dessen Eingangswelle an ein Antriebaggregat angeschlossen ist.The invention relates to a letter drive with two counter-rotating screws, the rear propeller on an inner shaft and the front propeller is attached at the head end to a hollow shaft guided concentrically to the inner shaft, the shafts being connected to a transmission, the input shaft of which is connected to a drive unit.

Gegeneinander rotierende Propeller sind bisher überwiegend bei kleineren konventionellen Schiffsantrieben, bei Außenbordmotoren sowie bei Sportbooten, vgl. dazu GB 90 00 354, eingesetzt worden. Auch bei größeren Handelsschiffen wurden sog. CRP (contra rotating propeller) Antriebe eingesetzt. So ist aus der Schrift DE 39 39 187 C2 ein Schiffsantrieb bekannt, bei dem mit einer Hauptantriebsmaschine zwei Propeller bzw. Schiffsschrauben auf der gleichen Achse angeordnet sind und eine koaxiale Doppelachse aus Innen- und Außenwelle drehzahluntersetzt ist. Als Getriebe wird dem aus dieser Schrift bekannten Schiffsantrieb ein Planetengetriebe eingesetzt. Nachteil dieser Anordnung ist zum einen die große Anzahl von Einzelelementen. Nachteilig wirkt sich hier insbesondere die hohe Anzahl von Planetenrändern aus, die beispielsweise bei der Übertragung eines Eingangsdrehmomentes von 10.000 kNM die Anzahl 7 erreichen kann. Darüber hinaus ist ein Notbetrieb bei Schwierigkeiten mit dem Antriebsaggregat nicht möglich. Gleiches gilt bei Defekten von Bauteilen des Planetengetriebes. Ein Versagen eines der Elemente des Planetengetriebes führt in der Regel unweigerlich zur Zerstörung des Gesamtsystems. Dies hätte zur Folge, daß das Schiff manövrierunfähig wird.Up to now, counter-rotating propellers have predominantly been used in smaller conventional ship propulsion systems, in outboard motors and in sports boats, cf. GB 90 00 354 has been used. So-called CRP (contra rotating propeller) drives were also used for larger merchant ships. From document DE 39 39 187 C2 a ship propulsion system is known in which two propellers or propellers are arranged on the same axis with a main propulsion machine and a coaxial double axis composed of an inner and outer shaft is speed-reduced. A planetary gear is used as the gear for the ship propulsion system known from this document. The disadvantage of this arrangement is the large number of Individual elements. The high number of planetary edges, which can reach 7, for example when transmitting an input torque of 10,000 kNM, has a particularly disadvantageous effect here. In addition, emergency operation is not possible if there are difficulties with the drive unit. The same applies to defects in components of the planetary gear. A failure of one of the elements of the planetary gear usually leads to the destruction of the entire system. This would result in the ship becoming unable to maneuver.

Ferner bedingt die Forderung nach hohen Propellerwirkungsgraden ein genau definiertes Drehzahlverhältnis der gegenläufig arbeitenden Schrauben. Günstige Wirkungsgradwerte erhält man, wenn der innere Propeller etwa 10 bis 50 % schneller dreht als der äußere. Hierdurch ergeben sich aber Übersetzungsverhältnisse für die üblicherweise eingesetzten Planetengetriebe, die technisch in einer Stufe nur noch bei etwa 1:1,3 ausführbar sind, bedingt durch den endlichen Durchmesser des Planetenrades. Dieses Problem zwingt den Konstrukteur dann zum Einsatz von Stufenplaneten, die die Anzahl der Getriebeteile in nachteiliger Weise noch weiter erhöhen.Furthermore, the demand for high propeller efficiency demands a precisely defined speed ratio of the screws working in opposite directions. Favorable efficiency values are obtained when the inner propeller rotates about 10 to 50% faster than the outer one. However, this results in gear ratios for the planetary gears usually used, which can only be carried out technically in one stage at about 1: 1.3, due to the finite diameter of the planet gear. This problem then forces the designer to use stepped planets, which disadvantageously increase the number of gear parts even further.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgemäßen Schiffsantrieb zu schaffen, der mit konstruktiv einfachen Mitteln und einem Minimum an Bauteilen zur Kraftübertragung vom Antriebsaggregatzur Schraube instandhaltungsgerecht und leistungsverlustarm Handelsschiffe antreibt bei größtmöglicher Einsparung von Brennstoff.The invention has for its object to provide a generic ship propulsion that drives maintenance-friendly and low power loss merchant ships with the greatest possible saving of fuel with structurally simple means and a minimum of components for power transmission from the drive unit.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

In weiterer Ausbildung des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist das Drucklager ein integriertes Bauteil des Motors bzw. des Getriebes.In a further development of the subject matter of the invention, the thrust bearing is an integrated component of the engine or the transmission.

Mit der Erfindung sind nachstehende Vorteile verbunden: Beide Motoren können unabhängig voneinander betrieben werden und wirken jeweils auf eine Schiffsschraube. Dieses gilt insbesondere beim Notbetrieb, so daß bei Schäden eines Antriebsstranges der andere unbehindert weiter eingesetzt werden kann.
Beim CRP-Betrieb lassen sich auslegegemäß die Drehzahlen der Motoren und das Übersetzungsverhältnis des Getriebes entsprechend dem gewünschten Drehverhältnis der Schiffsschrauben einstellen.The following advantages are associated with the invention: Both motors can be operated independently of one another and each act on a propeller. This applies in particular to emergency operation, so that if one drive train is damaged, the other can continue to be used without hindrance.
In CRP operation, the engine speeds and the gear ratio can be set according to the desired ratio of the propellers.

Durch die exakte Auslegemöglichkeit der Form der Schiffsschrauben und des Drehverhältnisses zueinander sowie des geringen Verlustes der Kraftübertragung von den Antriebsaggregaten zu den Schrauben werden Brennstoffeinsparungen bis 10% erwartet.
Für die Verwendung nur eines der CRP-Propeller ist keine Kupplung zwischen dem Antriebsaggregat und dem Getriebe erforderlich. Hier reicht das Stillsetzen eines Motors.
Der klare und übersichtliche Aufbau der Schiffsantriebseinrichtung erlaubt darüber hinaus einen einfachen Einbau von Standarddrucklagern für die Propellerwellen.Fuel savings of up to 10% are expected due to the precise design options for the shape of the propellers and the rotational ratio to one another, as well as the low loss of power transmission from the drive units to the bolts.
A coupling between the drive unit and the gearbox is not required to use only one of the CRP propellers. Stopping an engine is sufficient here.
The clear and uncluttered structure of the ship propulsion system also allows simple installation of standard thrust bearings for the propeller shafts.

Ein Beispiel der Erfindung ist in der beiliegenden Zeichnung dargelegt. Es zeigt die

Fig. 1
das Schema einer Schiffsantriebsanlage mit der Anordnung der Motoren auf einer Seite des Getriebes.
Fig. 2
das Schema einer Schiffsantriebsanlage mit der Anordnung der Motoren zu beiden Seiten des Getriebes.
An example of the invention is set out in the accompanying drawing. It shows the
Fig. 1
the diagram of a ship propulsion system with the arrangement of the motors on one side of the transmission.
Fig. 2
the diagram of a ship propulsion system with the arrangement of the motors on both sides of the transmission.

Die Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen das Schema eines Schiffsantriebs mit den Motoren 11 und 12 der Antriebsbaugruppe 10. Der Motor 11 ist über eine Kupplung 21 mit einer Ausgangswelle 13 verbunden, an der eine Innenwelle 53 befestigt ist, die kopfendig die hintere Schiffsschraube 51 der Baugruppe Abtrieb 50 besitzt. Die Innenwelle 53 wird dabei durch eine Zahnradhohlwelle 41 einer Getriebebaugruppe 40 geführt, wobei zwischen dem Getriebe 40 und der Kupplung 21 ein Drucklager 31 sowie eine Bremse 24 angeordnet ist. In dem dargestellten Aufbau des Schiffsantriebs kann die Kupplung 21 entfallen.1 and 2 show the diagram of a ship's drive with the motors 11 and 12 of the drive assembly 10. The motor 11 is connected via a coupling 21 to an output shaft 13, to which an inner shaft 53 is fastened, which has the rear propeller 51 at the head end Output 50 assembly. The inner shaft 53 is guided through a hollow gear shaft 41 of a transmission assembly 40, a pressure bearing 31 and a brake 24 being arranged between the transmission 40 and the clutch 21. In the structure of the ship's drive shown, the clutch 21 can be omitted.

Konzentrisch zur Innenwelle 53 ist eine Hohlwelle 54 geführt, die einenends eine vordere Schiffsschraube 52 und anderenends ein Zahnrad 41 aufweist.A hollow shaft 54 is guided concentrically to the inner shaft 53 and has a front propeller 52 at one end and a gearwheel 41 at the other end.

Zwischen der vorderen Schiffschraube 52 und dem Getriebe 40 ist ein Drucklager 32 angeordnet.A thrust bearing 32 is arranged between the front propeller 52 and the transmission 40.

Mit dem Zahnrad 41 kämmt ein im Durchmesser kleineres Zahnrad 42, das über eine Eingangswelle 15 in eine mit dem Motor 12 verbundene Ausgangswelle 14 verbunden ist, wobei die Welle 14, 15 eine Bremse 23 besitzt. Die Ausgangswelle 14 ist über eine Kupplung 22 (nur in Fig. 1) mit dem Motor 12 verbunden.A gear 42 with a smaller diameter meshes with the gear 41 and is connected via an input shaft 15 to an output shaft 14 connected to the motor 12, the shaft 14, 15 having a brake 23. The output shaft 14 is connected to the motor 12 via a clutch 22 (only in FIG. 1).

Im vorliegenden Schema ist der Motor 11 als Langsamläufer und der Motor 12 als Mittelschnelläufer ausgebildet.In the present scheme, the motor 11 is designed as a slow runner and the motor 12 as a medium speed runner.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt ein gleicher Verwendung der Positionsziffern eine mögliche Variante der beschriebenen Anlagenkonzeption. Hierbei wird der kleiner bauende Mittelschnelläufer neben den Propellerwellen angeordnet, was zu einem sehr kompakten Gesamtantrieb führt. Denkbar ist, wie bei derartigen Anlagen auch üblich, der Anschluß eines den Bordstrom erzeugenden Generators an der eingangsseitigen Hälfte des Getriebes. Dies könnte wahlweise sowohl als Power-take-off (PTO) oder aber als Power-take-in (PTI) arbeiten.2 shows the same use of the item numbers, a possible variant of the system design described. Here, the small-sized medium-speed rotor is arranged next to the propeller shafts, which leads to a very compact overall drive. It is conceivable, as is also customary in systems of this type, to connect a generator which generates the on-board current to the input-side half of the transmission. This could either work as a power take-off (PTO) or as a power take-in (PTI).

Darüber hinaus wurde auf die Kupplung 22 verzichtet.In addition, the clutch 22 was dispensed with.

Claims (4)

  1. A ship's propulsion engine having two counter-rotating screws, the rear ship's screw of which is fastened at the top end to an inner shaft and the front ship's screw of which is fastened at the top end to a hollow shaft guided concentrically to the inner shaft, the inner shaft being guided by a spur-wheel step-down gear and being able to be connected to an output shaft of a first engine, and with a gear wheel having a larger number of teeth being arranged on the bottom end of the hollow shaft, which wheel meshes with an additional gear wheel having a smaller number of teeth, which is attached to a input shaft guided parallel to the inner shaft and which can be connected to the output of a second engine and the hollow shaft (54) has a thrust bearing (32) arranged between the front screw (52) and the gear (40) and which is integrated in the housing of the gear and a thrust bearing (31) is provided on the inner shaft (53),
    characterised in that
    the gear wheel (41) attached to the hollow shaft (54) has a number of teeth (Z) relative to the gear wheel (42) arranged on the input shaft (15) which, taking into account the different starting speeds (N) of the engines (11, 12) and the required speed difference between the front (52) and rear (51) ship's screw yields a gear ratio of the gear wheel (41) to the gear wheel (42) of Z41/42 of 3.5 to 7.5, and the inner shaft (53) is connected at the bottom end directly to the output shaft (13) of the first engine and the thrust bearing (31) supporting the inner shaft (53) is arranged between the gear (40) and the first engine (11), that a switchable clutch (21) is provided on the output shaft (13) of the first engine (11) and that the gear (40) has an input shaft (15) which is connected to the second engine (12).
  2. A ship's propulsion engine according to Claim 1, characterised in that the thrust bearing (31) is an integral part of the engine (11).
  3. A ship's propulsion engine according to Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the output shaft (13) of the first engine (11) in addition to the switchable clutch (21) has a braking means (24) which permits stopping of the inner shaft (53) and the output shaft (13) connected thereto.
  4. A ship's propulsion engine according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the input shaft (15) of the gear (40) has a braking means (23).
EP93250358A 1992-12-28 1993-12-22 Ship propulsion with two contra-rotating propellers Expired - Lifetime EP0605072B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4244586A DE4244586C2 (en) 1992-12-28 1992-12-28 Ship propulsion with two counter-rotating screws
DE4244586 1992-12-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0605072A1 EP0605072A1 (en) 1994-07-06
EP0605072B1 true EP0605072B1 (en) 1996-02-28

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EP93250358A Expired - Lifetime EP0605072B1 (en) 1992-12-28 1993-12-22 Ship propulsion with two contra-rotating propellers

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US (1) US5441388A (en)
EP (1) EP0605072B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06278690A (en)
DE (2) DE4244586C2 (en)

Families Citing this family (13)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4430409C2 (en) * 1994-08-26 1997-08-14 Siemens Ag Process for optimizing the efficiency of ships with a bow and stern propeller and arrangement for adjusting the speed of the bow propeller
US5954479A (en) * 1996-12-16 1999-09-21 Smith; Ronald A. Twin engine, coaxial, dual-propeller propulsion system
DE102004053108B4 (en) * 2004-10-28 2008-06-19 Alexander Rubinraut Arrangement for power transmission for a marine propulsion with counter-rotating screws
KR20090004577U (en) * 2007-11-08 2009-05-13 이경수 Double Screw
FR2962109B1 (en) * 2010-07-05 2013-04-12 Snecma TURBOMOTEUR WITH NON CARINEES PROPELLERS
KR101225179B1 (en) * 2010-07-06 2013-01-22 삼성중공업 주식회사 Propulsion apparatus and ship including the same
US20120156066A1 (en) * 2010-12-16 2012-06-21 Eaton Corporation Concentric multi-stage centrifugal pump with start stage
WO2017158205A1 (en) 2016-03-18 2017-09-21 Rolls-Royce Marine As Steerable grim-vane propulsion system
CN106122452B (en) * 2016-06-30 2018-10-16 杭州发达齿轮箱集团有限公司 A kind of lightweight heavy duty marine gearbox
EP3590821B1 (en) * 2018-07-05 2021-02-24 OXE Marine AB Outboard motor
CN113710574B (en) * 2018-11-28 2023-05-02 沃尔沃遍达公司 Mounting device for propulsion unit
CN111017180A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-17 武昌船舶重工集团有限公司 Ship hybrid propulsion method and system
CN113320669A (en) * 2021-06-30 2021-08-31 刘志刚 Propeller power device and ship

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GB591492A (en) * 1939-12-30 1947-08-20 United Aircraft Corp Improvements in or relating to counter-rotating propellers
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EP0132220B1 (en) * 1983-07-18 1988-01-07 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Marine contra-rotating propeller apparatus
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JPH0680997A (en) * 1992-08-31 1994-03-22 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Lowly foaming alkali detergent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4244586C2 (en) 1996-09-05
DE59301732D1 (en) 1996-04-04
EP0605072A1 (en) 1994-07-06
US5441388A (en) 1995-08-15
DE4244586A1 (en) 1994-07-07
JPH06278690A (en) 1994-10-04

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