EP0599736B1 - Heat recovery boiler for hot gases in particular from a gas turbine - Google Patents

Heat recovery boiler for hot gases in particular from a gas turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0599736B1
EP0599736B1 EP93402859A EP93402859A EP0599736B1 EP 0599736 B1 EP0599736 B1 EP 0599736B1 EP 93402859 A EP93402859 A EP 93402859A EP 93402859 A EP93402859 A EP 93402859A EP 0599736 B1 EP0599736 B1 EP 0599736B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
duct
inlet
enclosure
boiler
heat exchanger
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93402859A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0599736A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Francois Saujet
Djamel Daoud
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Stein Industrie SA
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Stein Industrie SA
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Publication of EP0599736A1 publication Critical patent/EP0599736A1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
    • F22B1/1815—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines using the exhaust gases of gas-turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a recovery boiler at the outlet of a gas turbine.
  • a recovery boiler at the outlet of a gas turbine comprising a gas inlet duct of generally horizontal direction, a gas deflection duct connected to the preceding duct and leading to a substantially vertical direction enclosure and containing a set of substantially horizontal and superimposed heat exchange stages and a smoke evacuation duct at the upper end of the enclosure, a heat exchanger being arranged upstream of said enclosure.
  • the temperatures of the gases leaving a gas turbine are very high and can currently reach 650 ° C.
  • the inlet and deflection pipes must therefore be designed to withstand these temperatures. They cannot be made entirely of stainless steel, given the problems of expansion which would result therefrom given their large size. They therefore generally consist of a so-called warm sheet made of a steel sheet, a layer of thermal insulator and stainless steel plates arranged in the form of scales. Thus the steel sheet, in particular E24 steel, is maintained at a temperature of around 320 ° C. In addition to its relatively complex constitution, such a sheet poses problems of relative fragility.
  • the present invention proposes to solve these problems and to do this, at least one heat exchanger is disposed near the outlet of said inlet conduit so as to reduce the temperature of the gases at the outlet of this exchanger, said heat exchanger being inclined, its outlet surface facing the entrance to the enclosure.
  • the conduit where the temperature is very high, for example around 650 ° C., is limited to the inlet conduit of smaller size.
  • the diversion pipe reigns a lower temperature, for example 560 ° C, allowing to release in this conduit insulation constraints and in particular no longer requiring a sheet called warm.
  • the deflection pipe can be made of steel, preferably steel with 2.25% chromium.
  • the inlet duct can be made of stainless steel.
  • outlet surface of the inlet duct and the inlet surface of the deflection duct are inclined, turned towards the inlet of the enclosure and connected by an expansion joint.
  • the exchanger is arranged just upstream of the expansion joint.
  • the exchanger constitutes at least partially a lower heat exchange stage of the boiler.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a boiler according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows schematically the water-steam circuit of the heat exchange stages in the case of a recovery boiler with three pressures and overheating and of a combined gas turbine and steam turbine cycle.
  • the recovery boiler shown is arranged at the outlet of a gas turbine and conventionally comprises an inlet duct 1 for gases of generally horizontal direction, a deflection duct 2 for gases connected to the preceding duct 1 and leading to a enclosure 3 of substantially vertical direction and containing a set of substantially horizontal and superimposed heat exchange stages and a smoke evacuation duct 4 at the upper end of enclosure 3.
  • At least one heat exchanger 5 is disposed near the outlet of said inlet duct 1. It is inclined, its outlet surface 6 being turned towards the inlet 7 of the pregnant 3.
  • the deflection pipe 2 is made of steel, preferably steel with 2.25% chromium and the inlet pipe 1 is made of stainless steel.
  • the outlet surface of the inlet duct 1 and the inlet surface of the deflection duct 2 are inclined, turned towards the inlet of the enclosure 3 and connected by an expansion joint 8 and the exchanger 5 is arranged just upstream of the expansion joint 8.
  • the exchanger 5 constitutes at least partially a lower heat exchange stage of the boiler.
  • the exchanger 5 is double and consists of the HT 28 superheater and the HT 37 superheater.
  • this HT 28 superheater and this HT 37 superheater are arranged with the other heat exchange stages in the enclosure 3 of the boiler.
  • the invention consists in transferring at least one of these elements at the outlet of the inlet duct 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à une chaudière de récupération en sortie de turbine à gaz.The present invention relates to a recovery boiler at the outlet of a gas turbine.

Elle concerne plus précisément une chaudière de récupération en sortie d'une turbine à gaz comportant un conduit d'entrée des gaz de direction générale sensiblement horizontale, un conduit de déviation des gaz raccordé au conduit précédent et débouchant sur une enceinte de direction sensiblement verticale et contenant un ensemble d'étages d'échange thermique sensiblement horizontaux et superposés et un conduit d'évacuation des fumées à l'extrémité supérieure de l'enceinte, un échangeur thermique étant disposé en amont de ladite enceinte.More precisely, it relates to a recovery boiler at the outlet of a gas turbine comprising a gas inlet duct of generally horizontal direction, a gas deflection duct connected to the preceding duct and leading to a substantially vertical direction enclosure and containing a set of substantially horizontal and superimposed heat exchange stages and a smoke evacuation duct at the upper end of the enclosure, a heat exchanger being arranged upstream of said enclosure.

Une chaudière de ce type est décrite dans le document de brevet FR-A-1 065 284.A boiler of this type is described in patent document FR-A-1 065 284.

Les températures des gaz en sortie d'une turbine à gaz sont très élevées et peuvent actuellement atteindre 650°C. Les conduits d'entrée et de déviation doivent donc être conçus pour résister à ces températures. Ils ne peuvent être réalisés totalement en acier inoxydable compte tenu des problèmes de dilatation qui en résulteraient étant donné leur taille importante. Ils sont donc en général constituées d'une tôle dite tiède constituée d'une tôle d'acier, d'une couche d'isolant thermique et de plaquettes en acier inoxydable disposées sous forme d'écailles. Ainsi la tôle d'acier, en particulier en acier E24, est maintenue à une température d'environ 320°C. Outre sa constitution relativement complexe, une telle tôle pose des problèmes de relative fragilité.The temperatures of the gases leaving a gas turbine are very high and can currently reach 650 ° C. The inlet and deflection pipes must therefore be designed to withstand these temperatures. They cannot be made entirely of stainless steel, given the problems of expansion which would result therefrom given their large size. They therefore generally consist of a so-called warm sheet made of a steel sheet, a layer of thermal insulator and stainless steel plates arranged in the form of scales. Thus the steel sheet, in particular E24 steel, is maintained at a temperature of around 320 ° C. In addition to its relatively complex constitution, such a sheet poses problems of relative fragility.

La présente invention se propose de résoudre ces problèmes et pour ce faire, au moins un échangeur thermique est disposé à proximité de la sortie dudit conduit d'entrée de manière à réduire la température des gaz à la sortie de cet échangeur, ledit échangeur thermique étant incliné, sa surface de sortie étant tournée vers l'entrée de l'enceinte.The present invention proposes to solve these problems and to do this, at least one heat exchanger is disposed near the outlet of said inlet conduit so as to reduce the temperature of the gases at the outlet of this exchanger, said heat exchanger being inclined, its outlet surface facing the entrance to the enclosure.

Ainsi, le conduit, où la température est très élevée par exemple d'environ 650°C, est limité au conduit d'entrée de dimension plus réduite. Dans le conduit de déviation règne une température plus basse, par exemple de 560°C, permettant de se dégager dans ce conduit des contraintes d'isolation et en particulier ne nécessitant plus une tôle dite tiède.Thus, the conduit, where the temperature is very high, for example around 650 ° C., is limited to the inlet conduit of smaller size. In the diversion pipe reigns a lower temperature, for example 560 ° C, allowing to release in this conduit insulation constraints and in particular no longer requiring a sheet called warm.

De plus par cet agencement, l'on obtient un meilleur écoulement des gaz en aval de l'échangeur grâce à la perte de charge créée par le passage dans les tubes de l'échangeur, ainsi que par la canalisation des gaz à travers l'échangeur.In addition, by this arrangement, a better gas flow is obtained downstream of the exchanger thanks to the pressure drop created by the passage through the tubes of the exchanger, as well as by the channeling of the gases through the exchanger.

Etant donné que ledit échangeur thermique est incliné, sa surface de sortie étant tournée vers l'entrée de l'enceinte, la répartition du flux de gaz est améliorée en aval de l'échangeur avant l'entrée des gaz dans l'enceinte de la chaudière. Cette disposition permet de plus de réduire la hauteur de la chaudière.Since said heat exchanger is inclined, its outlet surface facing the inlet of the enclosure, the distribution of the gas flow is improved downstream of the exchanger before the gases enter the enclosure of the boiler. This arrangement also makes it possible to reduce the height of the boiler.

La température y étant diminuée, le conduit de déviation peut être en acier, de préférence en acier à 2,25% de chrome.The temperature being lowered there, the deflection pipe can be made of steel, preferably steel with 2.25% chromium.

Sa dimension étant limitée, le conduit d'entrée peut être en acier inoxydable.Its size being limited, the inlet duct can be made of stainless steel.

Avantageusement, la surface de sortie du conduit d'entrée et la surface d'entrée du conduit de déviation sont inclinées, tournées vers l'entrée de l'enceinte et raccordés par un joint de dilatation.Advantageously, the outlet surface of the inlet duct and the inlet surface of the deflection duct are inclined, turned towards the inlet of the enclosure and connected by an expansion joint.

Une telle inclinaison du joint de dilatation entraîne qu'il ne travaille pas en pur cisaillement sous l'effet de la dilatation verticale de la chaudière supportée en partie haute mais en compression cisaillement ce qui le rend plus fiable.Such an inclination of the expansion joint means that it does not work in pure shear under the effect of the vertical expansion of the boiler supported in the upper part but in shear compression, which makes it more reliable.

Dans ce cas de préférence, l'échangeur est disposé juste en amont du joint de dilatation.In this case preferably, the exchanger is arranged just upstream of the expansion joint.

De préférence, l'échangeur constitue au moins partiellement un étage inférieur d'échange thermique de la chaudière.Preferably, the exchanger constitutes at least partially a lower heat exchange stage of the boiler.

L'invention est décrite ci-dessous en référence aux figures qui ne représentent qu'un mode préféré de l'invention.The invention is described below with reference to the figures which represent only a preferred embodiment of the invention.

La figure 1 est une vue en coupe verticale d'une chaudière conforme à l'invention.Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a boiler according to the invention.

La figure 2 schématise le circuit eau-vapeur des étages d'échange thermique dans le cas d'une chaudière de récupération à trois pressions et resurchauffe et d'un cycle combiné de turbine à gaz et de turbine à vapeur.Figure 2 shows schematically the water-steam circuit of the heat exchange stages in the case of a recovery boiler with three pressures and overheating and of a combined gas turbine and steam turbine cycle.

La chaudière de récupération représentée est disposée en sortie d'une turbine à gaz et comporte de façon classique un conduit d'entrée 1 des gaz de direction générale sensiblement horizontale, un conduit de déviation 2 des gaz raccordé au conduit précédent 1 et débouchant sur une enceinte 3 de direction sensiblement verticale et contenant un ensemble d'étages d'échange thermique sensiblement horizontaux et superposés et un conduit d'évacuation 4 des fumées à l'extrémité supérieure de l'enceinte 3.The recovery boiler shown is arranged at the outlet of a gas turbine and conventionally comprises an inlet duct 1 for gases of generally horizontal direction, a deflection duct 2 for gases connected to the preceding duct 1 and leading to a enclosure 3 of substantially vertical direction and containing a set of substantially horizontal and superimposed heat exchange stages and a smoke evacuation duct 4 at the upper end of enclosure 3.

HP signifiant haute pression, IP pression intermédiaire, LP basse pression, HT haute température, IT température intermédiaire et LT basse température, sont schématisés sur la figure 2:

  • un préchauffeur condensateur 10
  • un réservoir d'alimentation 11
  • un évaporateur déaérateur 12 en parallèle à ce dernier
  • une pompe alimentaire HP 20 en sortie du réservoir 11
  • une pompe alimentaire IP/LP 30 en sortie du réservoir 11
  • des économiseurs HP1,HP2 et HP3, 21, 22 et 23 en série et en sortie de la pompe 20
  • un réservoir HP 24
  • un évaporateur HP 25 en parallèle au réservoir 24
  • des surchauffeurs LT, IT et HT, 26, 27 et 28 en série et en sortie desquels la vapeur est envoyée au corps HP d'une turbine à vapeur
  • un économiseur IP1/LP 31 en sortie de la pompe 30
  • un économiseur IP2 32 en sortie de l'économiseur 31
  • un réservoir IP 33
  • un évaporateur IP 34 en parallèle au réservoir 33
  • un surchauffeur IP 35
  • un resurchauffeur LT 36
  • un resurchauffeur HT 37 en sortie duquel la vapeur est envoyée au corps IP d'une turbine à vapeur
  • un réservoir LP 40 en sortie de l'économiseur 31
  • un évaporateur LP 41 en parallèle du réservoir 40
  • un surchauffeur LP 42 en sortie duquel la vapeur est envoyée au corps LP d'une turbine à vapeur.
HP meaning high pressure, IP intermediate pressure, LP low pressure, HT high temperature, IT intermediate temperature and LT low temperature, are shown diagrammatically in Figure 2:
  • a condenser preheater 10
  • a supply tank 11
  • a deaerator evaporator 12 parallel to the latter
  • an HP food pump 20 at the outlet of the reservoir 11
  • an IP / LP food pump 30 at the outlet of the tank 11
  • economizers HP1, HP2 and HP3, 21, 22 and 23 in series and at the output of pump 20
  • an HP 24 tank
  • an HP evaporator 25 parallel to the tank 24
  • LT, IT and HT superheaters, 26, 27 and 28 in series and at the outlet of which the steam is sent to the HP body of a steam turbine
  • an IP1 / LP economizer 31 at the outlet of pump 30
  • an IP2 economizer 32 at the output of economizer 31
  • an IP 33 tank
  • an IP 34 evaporator in parallel with the tank 33
  • an IP 35 superheater
  • an LT 36 reheater
  • a HT 37 reheater at the outlet of which the steam is sent to the IP body of a steam turbine
  • an LP tank 40 at the outlet of the economizer 31
  • an LP 41 evaporator in parallel with the tank 40
  • an LP 42 superheater at the outlet of which the steam is sent to the LP body of a steam turbine.

Si l'on se réfère à la figure 1, au moins un échangeur thermique 5 est disposé à proximité de la sortie dudit conduit d'entrée 1. Il est incliné, sa surface de sortie 6 étant tournée vers l'entrée 7 de l'enceinte 3.Referring to Figure 1, at least one heat exchanger 5 is disposed near the outlet of said inlet duct 1. It is inclined, its outlet surface 6 being turned towards the inlet 7 of the pregnant 3.

Le conduit de déviation 2 est en acier, de préférence en acier à 2,25% de chrome et le conduit d'entrée 1 en acier inoxydable. La surface de sortie du conduit d'entrée 1 et la surface d'entrée du conduit de déviation 2 sont inclinées, tournées vers l'entrée de l'enceinte 3 et raccordés par un joint de dilatation 8 et l'échangeur 5 est disposé juste en amont du joint de dilatation 8.The deflection pipe 2 is made of steel, preferably steel with 2.25% chromium and the inlet pipe 1 is made of stainless steel. The outlet surface of the inlet duct 1 and the inlet surface of the deflection duct 2 are inclined, turned towards the inlet of the enclosure 3 and connected by an expansion joint 8 and the exchanger 5 is arranged just upstream of the expansion joint 8.

L'échangeur 5 constitue au moins partiellement un étage inférieur d'échange thermique de la chaudière. Dans le cas décrit, l'échangeur 5 est double et constitué du surchauffeur HT 28 et du resurchauffeur HT 37.The exchanger 5 constitutes at least partially a lower heat exchange stage of the boiler. In the case described, the exchanger 5 is double and consists of the HT 28 superheater and the HT 37 superheater.

Selon l'art antérieur, ce surchauffeur HT 28 et ce resurchauffeur HT 37 sont disposés avec les autres étages d'échange thermique dans l'enceinte 3 de la chaudière. Dans ce cas de réalisation précis, l'invention consiste à transférer au moins l'un de ces éléments en sortie du conduit d'entrée 1.According to the prior art, this HT 28 superheater and this HT 37 superheater are arranged with the other heat exchange stages in the enclosure 3 of the boiler. In this specific embodiment, the invention consists in transferring at least one of these elements at the outlet of the inlet duct 1.

Claims (7)

  1. A boiler for recovering heat from the outlet of a gas turbine including a gas inlet duct (1) extending generally horizontally, a gas deflection duct (2) connected to the inlet duct (1) and opening out to a substantially vertical enclosure (3) that contains a set of superposed and substantially horizontal heat exchanger stages plus a flue gas exhaust duct (4) at the top of the enclosure (3), a heat exchanger (5) being disposed upstream from said enclosure (3), the boiler being characterized in that the heat exchanger (5) is disposed in the proximity of the outlet of said inlet duct (1), said heat exchanger (5) being inclined and its outlet surface (6) facing towards the inlet (7) of the enclosure (3).
  2. A boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflection duct (2) is made of steel.
  3. A boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that the deflection duct is made of steel having 2.25% chromium.
  4. A boiler according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the inlet duct (1) is made of stainless steel.
  5. A boiler according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the outlet surface of the inlet duct (1) and the inlet surface of the deflection duct (2) are inclined, both facing towards the inlet of the enclosure (3) and connected together by an expansion joint (8).
  6. A boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that the heat exchanger (5) is disposed immediately upstream of the expansion joint (8).
  7. A boiler according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the heat exchanger (5) constitutes at least a portion of a bottom heat exchange stage of the boiler.
EP93402859A 1992-11-27 1993-11-25 Heat recovery boiler for hot gases in particular from a gas turbine Expired - Lifetime EP0599736B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9214317A FR2698681B1 (en) 1992-11-27 1992-11-27 Recovery boiler at the outlet of the gas turbine.
FR9214317 1992-11-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0599736A1 EP0599736A1 (en) 1994-06-01
EP0599736B1 true EP0599736B1 (en) 1997-05-21

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93402859A Expired - Lifetime EP0599736B1 (en) 1992-11-27 1993-11-25 Heat recovery boiler for hot gases in particular from a gas turbine

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US5370086A (en)
EP (1) EP0599736B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69310875T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2101270T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2698681B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103672841A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-03-26 乐山市乐锅锅炉有限公司 Vertical water pipe gas (yellow phosphorus) steam boiler

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT410473B (en) * 1995-10-16 2003-05-26 Ae Energietechnik Gmbh Support structure for metal-jacketed suspended devices
US5762031A (en) * 1997-04-28 1998-06-09 Gurevich; Arkadiy M. Vertical drum-type boiler with enhanced circulation
EP1684010A1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-26 Oschatz Gmbh Furnace unit and seal ring

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1666276A (en) * 1927-04-16 1928-04-17 Nat Tube Co Boiler
FR1065284A (en) * 1951-06-18 1954-05-21 Method and apparatus for improving the use of waste heat
FR1065234A (en) * 1952-03-04 1954-05-21 Alsthom Cgee Manual control combined with the use of an additional power source
US3356159A (en) * 1966-02-16 1967-12-05 Bros Inc Hihg pressure vapor generator
GB1573439A (en) * 1976-12-15 1980-08-20 Foster Wheeler Power Prod Waste heat steam generation
JPS6017967B2 (en) * 1978-01-18 1985-05-08 株式会社日立製作所 Exhaust heat recovery boiler equipment
JPS6155501A (en) * 1984-08-24 1986-03-20 株式会社日立製作所 Waste-heat recovery boiler
DE4038813C2 (en) * 1990-12-05 1998-01-29 Siemens Ag Boiler arrangement

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103672841A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-03-26 乐山市乐锅锅炉有限公司 Vertical water pipe gas (yellow phosphorus) steam boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2698681A1 (en) 1994-06-03
DE69310875T2 (en) 1997-08-28
US5370086A (en) 1994-12-06
FR2698681B1 (en) 1994-12-30
DE69310875D1 (en) 1997-06-26
ES2101270T3 (en) 1997-07-01
EP0599736A1 (en) 1994-06-01

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