EP0599736A1 - Heat recovery boiler for hot gases in particular from a gas turbine - Google Patents
Heat recovery boiler for hot gases in particular from a gas turbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0599736A1 EP0599736A1 EP93402859A EP93402859A EP0599736A1 EP 0599736 A1 EP0599736 A1 EP 0599736A1 EP 93402859 A EP93402859 A EP 93402859A EP 93402859 A EP93402859 A EP 93402859A EP 0599736 A1 EP0599736 A1 EP 0599736A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- duct
- inlet
- boiler
- enclosure
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
- F22B1/1815—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines using the exhaust gases of gas-turbines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a boiler for recovering hot gases, in particular at the outlet of a gas turbine.
- a hot gas recovery boiler comprising a gas inlet duct of generally horizontal direction, a gas deflection duct connected to the preceding duct and leading to a substantially vertical direction enclosure and containing a set of substantially horizontal and superimposed heat exchange stages and a smoke evacuation duct at the upper end of the enclosure.
- the temperatures of the gases leaving a gas turbine are very high and can currently reach 650 ° C.
- the inlet and deflection pipes must therefore be designed to withstand these temperatures. They cannot be made entirely of stainless steel, given the problems of expansion which would result therefrom given their large size. They therefore generally consist of a so-called warm sheet made of a steel sheet, a layer of thermal insulator and stainless steel plates arranged in the form of scales. Thus the steel sheet, in particular E24 steel, is maintained at a temperature of around 320 ° C. In addition to its relatively complex constitution, such a sheet poses problems of relative fragility.
- the present invention proposes to solve these problems and to do this, at least one heat exchanger is disposed near the outlet of said inlet conduit so as to reduce the temperature of the gases at the outlet of this exchanger, said heat exchanger being inclined and its exit surface facing the entrance to the enclosure.
- the conduit where the temperature is very high, for example around 650 ° C., is limited to the inlet conduit of smaller size.
- the deflection conduit reigns a lower temperature, for example 560 ° C, allowing to release in this conduit insulation constraints and in particular no longer requiring a sheet called warm.
- the distribution of the gas flow is also improved downstream of the exchanger before the gases enter the enclosure of the boiler, thanks to the inclination of the exchanger and the arrangement made by its anti-vibration baffles.
- the exchanger thus constitutes a system for homogenizing the gas flow.
- This inclined arrangement also makes it possible to reduce the height of the boiler.
- the deflection pipe can be made of steel, preferably steel with 2.25% chromium.
- the inlet duct can be made of stainless steel.
- outlet surface of the inlet duct and the inlet surface of the deflection duct are inclined, turned towards the inlet of the enclosure and connected by an expansion joint.
- the exchanger is arranged just upstream of the expansion joint.
- the exchanger constitutes at least partially a lower heat exchange stage of the boiler.
- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a boiler according to the invention.
- Figure 2 shows schematically the water-steam circuit of the heat exchange stages in the case of a recovery boiler with three pressures and overheating and of a combined gas turbine and steam turbine cycle.
- the recovery boiler shown is disposed at the outlet of a gas turbine and conventionally comprises an inlet duct 1 for gases of generally horizontal direction, a deflection duct 2 for the gases connected to the preceding duct 1 and leading to a enclosure 3 of substantially vertical direction and containing a set of substantially horizontal and superimposed heat exchange stages and a smoke evacuation duct 4 at the upper end of enclosure 3.
- At least one heat exchanger 5 is disposed near the outlet of said inlet duct 1. It is inclined, its outlet surface 6 being turned towards the inlet 7 of the pregnant 3.
- the deflection pipe 2 is made of steel, preferably steel with 2.25% chromium and the inlet pipe 1 is made of stainless steel.
- the outlet surface of the inlet duct 1 and the inlet surface of the deflection duct 2 are inclined, turned towards the inlet of the enclosure 3 and connected by an expansion joint 8 and the exchanger 6 is arranged just upstream of the expansion joint 8.
- the exchanger 6 constitutes at least partially a lower heat exchange stage of the boiler.
- the exchanger 6 is double and consists of the HT 28 superheater and the HT 37 superheater.
- this HT 28 superheater and this HT 37 superheater are arranged with the other heat exchange stages in the enclosure 3 of the boiler.
- the invention consists in transfer at least one of these elements at the outlet of the inlet duct 1.
Abstract
Description
La présente invention se rapporte à une chaudière de récupération de gaz chauds en particulier en sortie de turbine à gaz.The present invention relates to a boiler for recovering hot gases, in particular at the outlet of a gas turbine.
Elle concerne plus précisément une chaudière de récupération de gaz chauds comportant un conduit d'entrée des gaz de direction générale sensiblement horizontale, un conduit de déviation des gaz raccordé au conduit précédent et débouchant sur une enceinte de direction sensiblement verticale et contenant un ensemble d'étages d'échange thermique sensiblement horizontaux et superposés et un conduit d'évacuation des fumées à l'extrémité supérieure de l'enceinte.More specifically, it relates to a hot gas recovery boiler comprising a gas inlet duct of generally horizontal direction, a gas deflection duct connected to the preceding duct and leading to a substantially vertical direction enclosure and containing a set of substantially horizontal and superimposed heat exchange stages and a smoke evacuation duct at the upper end of the enclosure.
Les températures des gaz en sortie d'une turbine à gaz sont très élevées et peuvent actuellement atteindre 650°C. Les conduits d'entrée et de déviation doivent donc être conçus pour résister à ces températures. Ils ne peuvent être réalisés totalement en acier inoxydable compte tenu des problèmes de dilatation qui en résulteraient étant donné leur taille importante. Ils sont donc en général constituées d'une tôle dite tiède constituée d'une tôle d'acier, d'une couche d'isolant thermique et de plaquettes en acier inoxydable disposées sous forme d'écailles. Ainsi la tôle d'acier, en particulier en acier E24, est maintenue à une température d'environ 320°C. Outre sa constitution relativement complexe, une telle tôle pose des problèmes de relative fragilité.The temperatures of the gases leaving a gas turbine are very high and can currently reach 650 ° C. The inlet and deflection pipes must therefore be designed to withstand these temperatures. They cannot be made entirely of stainless steel, given the problems of expansion which would result therefrom given their large size. They therefore generally consist of a so-called warm sheet made of a steel sheet, a layer of thermal insulator and stainless steel plates arranged in the form of scales. Thus the steel sheet, in particular E24 steel, is maintained at a temperature of around 320 ° C. In addition to its relatively complex constitution, such a sheet poses problems of relative fragility.
La présente invention se propose de résoudre ces problèmes et pour ce faire, au moins un échangeur thermique est disposé à proximité de la sortie dudit conduit d'entrée de manière à réduire la température des gaz à la sortie de cet échangeur, ledit échangeur thermique étant incliné et sa surface de sortie étant tournée vers l'entrée de l'enceinte.The present invention proposes to solve these problems and to do this, at least one heat exchanger is disposed near the outlet of said inlet conduit so as to reduce the temperature of the gases at the outlet of this exchanger, said heat exchanger being inclined and its exit surface facing the entrance to the enclosure.
Ainsi, le conduit, où la température est très élevée par exemple d'environ 650°C, est limité au conduit d'entrée de dimension plus réduite. Dans le conduit de déviation règne une température plus basse, par exemple de 560°C, permettant de se dégager dans ce conduit des contraintes d'isolation et en particulier ne nécessitant plus une tôle dite tiède.Thus, the conduit, where the temperature is very high, for example around 650 ° C., is limited to the inlet conduit of smaller size. In the deflection conduit reigns a lower temperature, for example 560 ° C, allowing to release in this conduit insulation constraints and in particular no longer requiring a sheet called warm.
De plus par cet agencement, l'on obtient un meilleur écoulement des gaz en aval de l'échangeur grâce à la perte de charge créée par le passage dans les tubes de l'échangeur, ainsi que par la canalisation des gaz à travers l'échangeur.In addition, by this arrangement, a better gas flow is obtained downstream of the exchanger thanks to the pressure drop created by the passage through the tubes of the exchanger, as well as by the channeling of the gases through the exchanger.
La répartition du flux de gaz est également améliorée en aval de l'échangeur avant l'entrée des gaz dans l'enceinte de la chaudière, grâce à l'inclinaison de l'échangeur et à la disposition que prennent ses chicanes antivibratoires. L'échangeur constitue ainsi un système d'homogénéisation de l'écoulement de gaz.The distribution of the gas flow is also improved downstream of the exchanger before the gases enter the enclosure of the boiler, thanks to the inclination of the exchanger and the arrangement made by its anti-vibration baffles. The exchanger thus constitutes a system for homogenizing the gas flow.
Cette disposition inclinée permet de plus de réduire la hauteur de la chaudière.This inclined arrangement also makes it possible to reduce the height of the boiler.
La température y étant diminuée, le conduit de déviation peut être en acier, de préférence en acier à 2,25% de chrome.The temperature being lowered there, the deflection pipe can be made of steel, preferably steel with 2.25% chromium.
Sa dimension étant limitée, le conduit d'entrée peut être en acier inoxydable.Its size being limited, the inlet duct can be made of stainless steel.
Avantageusement, la surface de sortie du conduit d'entrée et la surface d'entrée du conduit de déviation sont inclinées, tournées vers l'entrée de l'enceinte et raccordées par un joint de dilatation.Advantageously, the outlet surface of the inlet duct and the inlet surface of the deflection duct are inclined, turned towards the inlet of the enclosure and connected by an expansion joint.
Une telle inclinaison du joint de dilatation entraîne qu'il ne travaille pas en pur cisaillement sous l'effet de la dilatation verticale de la chaudière supportée en partie haute mais en compression cisaillement ce qui le rend plus fiable.Such an inclination of the expansion joint means that it does not work in pure shear under the effect of the vertical expansion of the boiler supported in the upper part but in shear compression which makes it more reliable.
Dans ce cas de préférence, l'échangeur est disposé juste en amont du joint de dilatation.In this case preferably, the exchanger is arranged just upstream of the expansion joint.
De préférence, l'échangeur constitue au moins partiellement un étage inférieur d'échange thermique de la chaudière.Preferably, the exchanger constitutes at least partially a lower heat exchange stage of the boiler.
L'invention est décrite ci-dessous en référence aux figures qui ne représentent qu'un mode préféré de l'invention.The invention is described below with reference to the figures which represent only a preferred embodiment of the invention.
La figure 1 est une vue en coupe verticale d'une chaudière conforme à l'invention.Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a boiler according to the invention.
La figure 2 schématise le circuit eau-vapeur des étages d'échange thermique dans le cas d'une chaudière de récupération à trois pressions et resurchauffe et d'un cycle combiné de turbine à gaz et de turbine à vapeur.Figure 2 shows schematically the water-steam circuit of the heat exchange stages in the case of a recovery boiler with three pressures and overheating and of a combined gas turbine and steam turbine cycle.
La chaudière de récupération représentée est disposée en sortie d'une turbine à gaz et comporte de façon classique un conduit d'entrée 1 des gaz de direction générale sensiblement horizontale, un conduit de déviation 2 des gaz raccordé au conduit précédent 1 et débouchant sur une enceinte 3 de direction sensiblement verticale et contenant un ensemble d'étages d'échange thermique sensiblement horizontaux et superposés et un conduit d'évacuation 4 des fumées à l'extrémité supérieure de l'enceinte 3.The recovery boiler shown is disposed at the outlet of a gas turbine and conventionally comprises an inlet duct 1 for gases of generally horizontal direction, a deflection duct 2 for the gases connected to the preceding duct 1 and leading to a
HP signifiant haute pression, IP pression intermédiaire, LP basse pression, HT haute température, IT température intermédiaire et LT basse température, sont schématisés sur la figure 2:
- un
préchauffeur condenseur 10 - un réservoir d'alimentation 11
- un évaporateur déaérateur 12 en parallèle à ce dernier
- une pompe alimentaire HP 20 en sortie du
réservoir 11 - une pompe alimentaire IP/LP 30 en sortie du
réservoir 11 - des économiseurs HP1,HP2 et HP3, 21, 22 et 23 en série et en sortie de la
pompe 20 - un réservoir HP 24
- un évaporateur HP 25 en parallèle au
réservoir 24 - des surchauffeurs LT, IT et HT, 26, 27 et 28 en série et en sortie desquels la vapeur est envoyée au corps HP d'une turbine à vapeur
- un économiseur IP1/LP 31 en sortie de la
pompe 30 - un économiseur IP2 32 en sortie de l'économiseur 31
- un réservoir IP 33
- un
évaporateur IP 34 en parallèle auréservoir 33 - un surchauffeur IP 35
- un resurchauffeur LT 36
- un resurchauffeur HT 37 en sortie duquel la vapeur est envoyée au corps IP d'une turbine à vapeur
- un réservoir LP 40 en sortie de l'économiseur 31
- un
évaporateur LP 41 en parallèle duréservoir 40 - un surchauffeur LP 42 en sortie duquel la vapeur est envoyée au corps LP d'une turbine à vapeur.
- a condenser
preheater 10 - a
supply tank 11 - a
deaerator evaporator 12 parallel to the latter - an HP
food pump 20 at the outlet of thereservoir 11 - an IP /
LP food pump 30 at the outlet of thetank 11 - economizers HP1, HP2 and HP3, 21, 22 and 23 in series and at the output of
pump 20 - an HP 24 tank
- an HP
evaporator 25 parallel to thetank 24 - LT, IT and HT superheaters, 26, 27 and 28 in series and at the outlet of which the steam is sent to the HP body of a steam turbine
- an IP1 /
LP economizer 31 at the outlet ofpump 30 - an IP2
economizer 32 at the output of economizer 31 - an IP 33 tank
- an
IP 34 evaporator in parallel with thetank 33 - an IP 35 superheater
- an LT 36 reheater
- a
HT 37 reheater at the outlet of which the steam is sent to the IP body of a steam turbine - an
LP tank 40 at the outlet of theeconomizer 31 - an
LP 41 evaporator in parallel with thetank 40 - an
LP 42 superheater at the outlet of which the steam is sent to the LP body of a steam turbine.
Si l'on se réfère à la figure 1, au moins un échangeur thermique 5 est disposé à proximité de la sortie dudit conduit d'entrée 1. Il est incliné, sa surface de sortie 6 étant tournée vers l'entrée 7 de l'enceinte 3.Referring to Figure 1, at least one heat exchanger 5 is disposed near the outlet of said inlet duct 1. It is inclined, its outlet surface 6 being turned towards the inlet 7 of the pregnant 3.
Le conduit de déviation 2 est en acier, de préférence en acier à 2,25% de chrome et le conduit d'entrée 1 en acier inoxydable. La surface de sortie du conduit d'entrée 1 et la surface d'entrée du conduit de déviation 2 sont inclinées, tournées vers l'entrée de l'enceinte 3 et raccordés par un joint de dilatation 8 et l'échangeur 6 est disposé juste en amont du joint de dilatation 8.The deflection pipe 2 is made of steel, preferably steel with 2.25% chromium and the inlet pipe 1 is made of stainless steel. The outlet surface of the inlet duct 1 and the inlet surface of the deflection duct 2 are inclined, turned towards the inlet of the
L'échangeur 6 constitue au moins partiellement un étage inférieur d'échange thermique de la chaudière. Dans le cas décrit, l'échangeur 6 est double et constitué du surchauffeur HT 28 et du resurchauffeur HT 37.The exchanger 6 constitutes at least partially a lower heat exchange stage of the boiler. In the case described, the exchanger 6 is double and consists of the
Selon l'art antérieur, ce surchauffeur HT 28 et ce resurchauffeur HT 37 sont disposés avec les autres étages d'échange thermique dans l'enceinte 3 de la chaudière. Dans ce cas de réalisation précis, l'invention consiste à transférer au moins l'un de ces éléments en sortie du conduit d'entrée 1.According to the prior art, this
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9214317 | 1992-11-27 | ||
FR9214317A FR2698681B1 (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1992-11-27 | Recovery boiler at the outlet of the gas turbine. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0599736A1 true EP0599736A1 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
EP0599736B1 EP0599736B1 (en) | 1997-05-21 |
Family
ID=9435993
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93402859A Expired - Lifetime EP0599736B1 (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-25 | Heat recovery boiler for hot gases in particular from a gas turbine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5370086A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0599736B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69310875T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2101270T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2698681B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT410473B (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 2003-05-26 | Ae Energietechnik Gmbh | Support structure for metal-jacketed suspended devices |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5762031A (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 1998-06-09 | Gurevich; Arkadiy M. | Vertical drum-type boiler with enhanced circulation |
EP1684010A1 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-07-26 | Oschatz Gmbh | Furnace unit and seal ring |
CN103672841A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 乐山市乐锅锅炉有限公司 | Vertical water pipe gas (yellow phosphorus) steam boiler |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1065284A (en) * | 1951-06-18 | 1954-05-21 | Method and apparatus for improving the use of waste heat | |
FR2374588A1 (en) * | 1976-12-15 | 1978-07-13 | Foster Wheeler Power Prod | STEAM GENERATORS IMPROVEMENTS |
DE4038813A1 (en) * | 1990-12-05 | 1992-06-11 | Siemens Ag | Boiler unit for gas and steam turbine plant - incorporates flue gas channel over which is fitted boiler cover and hot surface arrangement |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1666276A (en) * | 1927-04-16 | 1928-04-17 | Nat Tube Co | Boiler |
FR1065234A (en) * | 1952-03-04 | 1954-05-21 | Alsthom Cgee | Manual control combined with the use of an additional power source |
US3356159A (en) * | 1966-02-16 | 1967-12-05 | Bros Inc | Hihg pressure vapor generator |
JPS6017967B2 (en) * | 1978-01-18 | 1985-05-08 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Exhaust heat recovery boiler equipment |
JPS6155501A (en) * | 1984-08-24 | 1986-03-20 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Waste-heat recovery boiler |
-
1992
- 1992-11-27 FR FR9214317A patent/FR2698681B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-11-24 US US08/156,698 patent/US5370086A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-25 ES ES93402859T patent/ES2101270T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-25 DE DE69310875T patent/DE69310875T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-25 EP EP93402859A patent/EP0599736B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1065284A (en) * | 1951-06-18 | 1954-05-21 | Method and apparatus for improving the use of waste heat | |
FR2374588A1 (en) * | 1976-12-15 | 1978-07-13 | Foster Wheeler Power Prod | STEAM GENERATORS IMPROVEMENTS |
DE4038813A1 (en) * | 1990-12-05 | 1992-06-11 | Siemens Ag | Boiler unit for gas and steam turbine plant - incorporates flue gas channel over which is fitted boiler cover and hot surface arrangement |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
GANAPATHY: "Heat-recovery boiler design for cogeneration", OIL AND GAS JOURNAL, vol. 83, no. 48, December 1985 (1985-12-01), TULSA US, pages 116 - 125 * |
GERICKE: "Abhitzedampf-Erzeugersysteme: Bauelemente in verfahrenstechnischen Prozessen", BWK BRENNSTOFF WARME KRAFT, vol. 35, no. 12, December 1983 (1983-12-01), WüRZBURG DE, pages 499 - 504, XP002103730 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT410473B (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 2003-05-26 | Ae Energietechnik Gmbh | Support structure for metal-jacketed suspended devices |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5370086A (en) | 1994-12-06 |
DE69310875D1 (en) | 1997-06-26 |
DE69310875T2 (en) | 1997-08-28 |
ES2101270T3 (en) | 1997-07-01 |
FR2698681A1 (en) | 1994-06-03 |
FR2698681B1 (en) | 1994-12-30 |
EP0599736B1 (en) | 1997-05-21 |
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