EP0593915B1 - Method and device for illuminating the entrance portions of tunnels, particularly of tunnels in highways and motorways - Google Patents

Method and device for illuminating the entrance portions of tunnels, particularly of tunnels in highways and motorways Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0593915B1
EP0593915B1 EP93115144A EP93115144A EP0593915B1 EP 0593915 B1 EP0593915 B1 EP 0593915B1 EP 93115144 A EP93115144 A EP 93115144A EP 93115144 A EP93115144 A EP 93115144A EP 0593915 B1 EP0593915 B1 EP 0593915B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tunnel
entrance
vehicles
tunnels
external light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93115144A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0593915A1 (en
Inventor
Emilio Barlocco
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DIACON Srl
Original Assignee
DIACON Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DIACON Srl filed Critical DIACON Srl
Publication of EP0593915A1 publication Critical patent/EP0593915A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0593915B1 publication Critical patent/EP0593915B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0008—Reflectors for light sources providing for indirect lighting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
    • F21W2131/101—Outdoor lighting of tunnels or the like, e.g. under bridges

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a method of illuminating the entrance portions of tunnels in highways and motorways, in which a portion at the entrance of the tunnel is illuminated with reflected external light over a length that is sufficient for the driver's eyes to become accomodated to the conditions of a lesser degree of light in a tunnel at a predetermined maximum running speed of vehicles, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a method of this kind is known from the document DE-A-3408649. According to this document, the external light is allowed to enter the tunnel directly through openings provided in the tunnel's ceiling.
  • Document DE-A-2334951 discloses a method of illuminating the interior of a tunnel with external light which enters the tunnel on both sides by passing through inclined wells and being reflected by suitable mirrors.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method as described in the preamble of claim 1 and which can be easily carried out and avoids the dazzlement of the driver's eyes.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the external light is reflected into the interior of the tunnel through the tunnel's entrance in the same sense as the vehicles entering the tunnel, and is directed downwardly to the roadway at the internal length which is consecutive to the entrance of the tunnel.
  • the invention also concerns an arrangement for carrying out the method according to claim 1.
  • This arrangement corresponds to the one known from the document DE-A-2334951 and comprises the features that the reflecting element is a panel supported at a sufficiently high level over the roadway by a bridge framework and provided with a curved, particularly concave, reflecting surface, which is formed by mirror elements and is turned toward the entrance of the tunnel in the running direction of the vehicles.
  • the use of the method and the device according to the invention has the advantage that the external reflected light which enters the tunnel through the tunnel's entrance and is turned in the sense of the vehicle transit, strikes upon the vehicles from behind so that any risk of the drivers' eyes to be dazzled, is avoided.
  • the size of a reflecting element can be suitably determined so as to provide such an illumination in a tunnel that is sufficient for eliminating the sudden falling of light in the tunnel entrance and for preventing the vehicles transiting through the tunnel in the contrary direction, from being frontally illuminated, which would dazzle the drivers'eyes.
  • an arrangement according to the invention for illuminating, particularly during day-time, the entrance portions of tunnels comprises a bridge framework 1 of any suitable type, which at its top portion carries a reflecting element 2 in form of a panel that is placed at such a sufficiently high level as to allow the transit of vehicles thereunder.
  • the reflecting element 2 has its reflecting surface 3 turned toward the entrance I of tunnel G, and this reflecting surface is so turned that the incident external light E falling thereupon, is reflected as shown by reference letter R, into the interior of the tunnel entrance I, and on the roadway at the tunnel entrance inward portion.
  • the reflecting panel 2 is so arranged and orientated that the reflected light R is set at an angle that allows the reflected light to penetrate for a length L through and into the tunnel entrance.
  • the longitudinal extent of this length is such that at a predetermined maximum speed of vehicles transiting through a tunnel, it is sufficient for assuring a gradual accomodation of the drivers' eyes to the conditions of a lesser degree of light in the tunnel, so that the "dark orifice" effect is eliminated.
  • the framework 1 may be of a trellis or tubular construction, and on its front side which is turned toward the incoming vehicles, as indicated by arrow V, it may also carry signaling elements, such as a signaling panel.
  • the reflecting element 2 or its reflecting surface 3 may be formed by the rear side of the not shown signaling panel, which is opposite to the tunnel entrance, or the same may be supported on the said rear side of this panel.
  • the reflecting element 2 is arranged at a distance D upstream of the entrance I of tunnel G.
  • the reflecting surface 3 may be of any suitable type, and it may consist of mirror elements that can be differently composed, or of metal panels having a high coefficient of reflection.
  • the reflecting panel 2 may be carried in a shiftable and orientatable manner owing to the provision of actuating means for causing it to swing in the horizontal and vertical direction, and of actuating means for causing it to slide in the transversal or vertical direction (both not shown).
  • the actuating means can be automatically controlled by means of a control unit, such as a training unit, according to brightness sensors, and these means permit to still have optimum features of illumination even with the external light being set at a different angle, and having a different intensity, such as according to the varying position of the sun
  • the reflecting surface 3 is so orientated and arranged that no reflection of light is produced in the contrary direction to the vehicles running direction V, so that any risk of the drivers' eyes to be dazzled, is efficaciously avoided.
  • the reflecting surface 3 may be made in form of a flat, entirely or locally curved, for example concave, surface. This surface may also consist of a plurality of individually curved modules. It is also possible to make the reflecting surface 3 with an angle of curvature which may be varied in one or in two dimensions.
  • this surface may be treated with a matter that prevents the adhesion of dirt thereto. It is also possibile to have cleaning means of the manually operated, or servo-control operated, or automatic type, associated with the reflecting panel 2 for cleaning its reflecting surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Abstract

The object of the invention is a method of illuminating the entrance portions of tunnels, particularly of tunnels in highways and motorways. According to this method, the portion at the entrance (I) of tunnel (G) is illuminated over a length (L) which is sufficient for a driver's eyes to become accomodated to the conditions of a lesser degree of light in a tunnel at a predetermined, maximum running speed of vehicles, by having the light outside tunnel (G) suitably reflected toward the entrance (I) and into the interior of tunnel (G). The invention also provides a device for carrying out the said method, comprising a reflecting element (2) which is arranged at a distance from, and upstream of the entrance (I) of tunnel (G), relative to the vehicles running direction (V), and has its reflecting surface (3) turned toward the entrance (I). <IMAGE>

Description

This invention concerns a method of illuminating the entrance portions of tunnels in highways and motorways, in which a portion at the entrance of the tunnel is illuminated with reflected external light over a length that is sufficient for the driver's eyes to become accomodated to the conditions of a lesser degree of light in a tunnel at a predetermined maximum running speed of vehicles, according to the preamble of claim 1.
A method of this kind is known from the document DE-A-3408649. According to this document, the external light is allowed to enter the tunnel directly through openings provided in the tunnel's ceiling.
Document DE-A-2334951 discloses a method of illuminating the interior of a tunnel with external light which enters the tunnel on both sides by passing through inclined wells and being reflected by suitable mirrors.
The object of the invention is to provide a method as described in the preamble of claim 1 and which can be easily carried out and avoids the dazzlement of the driver's eyes.
The method according to the invention is characterized in that the external light is reflected into the interior of the tunnel through the tunnel's entrance in the same sense as the vehicles entering the tunnel, and is directed downwardly to the roadway at the internal length which is consecutive to the entrance of the tunnel.
The invention also concerns an arrangement for carrying out the method according to claim 1. This arrangement corresponds to the one known from the document DE-A-2334951 and comprises the features that the reflecting element is a panel supported at a sufficiently high level over the roadway by a bridge framework and provided with a curved, particularly concave, reflecting surface, which is formed by mirror elements and is turned toward the entrance of the tunnel in the running direction of the vehicles.
The use of the method and the device according to the invention has the advantage that the external reflected light which enters the tunnel through the tunnel's entrance and is turned in the sense of the vehicle transit, strikes upon the vehicles from behind so that any risk of the drivers' eyes to be dazzled, is avoided. The size of a reflecting element can be suitably determined so as to provide such an illumination in a tunnel that is sufficient for eliminating the sudden falling of light in the tunnel entrance and for preventing the vehicles transiting through the tunnel in the contrary direction, from being frontally illuminated, which would dazzle the drivers'eyes.
Other features further improving the above-disclosed method and device also form the object of the invention, and are the subject of the dependant claims.
The particular features of the invention, and the advantages arising therefrom, will appear more in detail from the specification of one preferred embodiment thereof, which is shown by way of a non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a side view showing the arrangement according to the invention arranged in front of, and at a distance from the entrance of a tunnel.
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view of the arrangement according to Figure 1.
    • Referring to the Figures, an arrangement according to the invention for illuminating, particularly during day-time, the entrance portions of tunnels comprises a bridge framework 1 of any suitable type, which at its top portion carries a reflecting element 2 in form of a panel that is placed at such a sufficiently high level as to allow the transit of vehicles thereunder. The reflecting element 2 has its reflecting surface 3 turned toward the entrance I of tunnel G, and this reflecting surface is so turned that the incident external light E falling thereupon, is reflected as shown by reference letter R, into the interior of the tunnel entrance I, and on the roadway at the tunnel entrance inward portion.
    The reflecting panel 2 is so arranged and orientated that the reflected light R is set at an angle that allows the reflected light to penetrate for a length L through and into the tunnel entrance. The longitudinal extent of this length is such that at a predetermined maximum speed of vehicles transiting through a tunnel, it is sufficient for assuring a gradual accomodation of the drivers' eyes to the conditions of a lesser degree of light in the tunnel, so that the "dark orifice" effect is eliminated.
    The framework 1 may be of a trellis or tubular construction, and on its front side which is turned toward the incoming vehicles, as indicated by arrow V, it may also carry signaling elements, such as a signaling panel. The reflecting element 2 or its reflecting surface 3 may be formed by the rear side of the not shown signaling panel, which is opposite to the tunnel entrance, or the same may be supported on the said rear side of this panel.
    The reflecting element 2 is arranged at a distance D upstream of the entrance I of tunnel G.
    The reflecting surface 3 may be of any suitable type, and it may consist of mirror elements that can be differently composed, or of metal panels having a high coefficient of reflection.
    The reflecting panel 2 may be carried in a shiftable and orientatable manner owing to the provision of actuating means for causing it to swing in the horizontal and vertical direction, and of actuating means for causing it to slide in the transversal or vertical direction (both not shown). The actuating means can be automatically controlled by means of a control unit, such as a training unit, according to brightness sensors, and these means permit to still have optimum features of illumination even with the external light being set at a different angle, and having a different intensity, such as according to the varying position of the sun
    The reflecting surface 3 is so orientated and arranged that no reflection of light is produced in the contrary direction to the vehicles running direction V, so that any risk of the drivers' eyes to be dazzled, is efficaciously avoided.
    Moreover, the reflecting surface 3 may be made in form of a flat, entirely or locally curved, for example concave, surface. This surface may also consist of a plurality of individually curved modules. It is also possible to make the reflecting surface 3 with an angle of curvature which may be varied in one or in two dimensions.
    In order to efficaciously eliminate any loss in the reflection efficiency, resulting from the reflecting surface 3 being soiled, this surface may be treated with a matter that prevents the adhesion of dirt thereto. It is also possibile to have cleaning means of the manually operated, or servo-control operated, or automatic type, associated with the reflecting panel 2 for cleaning its reflecting surface.

    Claims (9)

    1. Method of illuminating the entrance portions of tunnels, particularly of tunnels in highways and motorways, in which a portion at the entrance (I) of the tunnel (G) is illuminated with reflected external light over a length (L) that is sufficient for the driver's eyes to become accustomed to the conditions of a lesser degree of light in a tunnel at a predetermined maximum running speed of vehicles, characterized in that the external light is reflected into the interior of the tunnel (G) through the tunnel's entrance (I) in the same sense as the transit (V) of the vehicles entering the tunnel (G), and is directed downwardly to the roadway over the internal length (L) of to the entrance (I) of the tunnel (G).
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that simultaneously with such an external light reflection, the external light may be condensed into a beam of a higher light density.
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as external light the natural ambient light from the sun is used.
    4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reflected light is so directed that any dazzlement is avoided of vehicles transiting in a direction which is concordant with, or is contrary to the direction of reflection.
    5. An arrangement for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising at least one reflecting element (2) arranged outside the tunnel (G) and oriented so as to reflect external light into the interior of the tunnel (G), whereby the reflecting element (2) is a panel supported at a sufficiently high level over the roadway as to allow the transit of vehicles there under by a bridge framework (1) and provided with a curved, particularly concave, reflecting surface (3), which is formed by mirror elements and is turned toward the entrance (I) of the tunnel (G) in the running direction (V) of the vehicles.
    6. An arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the curvature of the reflecting surface (3) is adjustable.
    7. An arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the reflecting element (2) is supported so as to be swingable around at least one vertical axis and at least one horizontal axis, so as to be horizontally and vertically shiftable by hand-operated or servo-control operated or preferably automatic actuating means.
    8. An arrangement according to any of the claims 5-7, characterized in that the reflecting element (2) forms the rear side of a signaling element having its front side turned toward the incoming vehicles.
    9. An arrangement according to any of the claims 5-8, characterized in that hand-operated or automatic cleaning means are associated with the reflecting surface (3) of the reflecting element (2).
    EP93115144A 1992-10-05 1993-09-21 Method and device for illuminating the entrance portions of tunnels, particularly of tunnels in highways and motorways Expired - Lifetime EP0593915B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    ITGE92103 1992-10-05
    ITGE920103A IT1257449B (en) 1992-10-05 1992-10-05 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE ILLUMINATION OF THE GALLERY GALLERY ZONES, IN PARTICULAR ROAD AND MOTORWAYS.

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0593915A1 EP0593915A1 (en) 1994-04-27
    EP0593915B1 true EP0593915B1 (en) 1998-01-14

    Family

    ID=11354331

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP93115144A Expired - Lifetime EP0593915B1 (en) 1992-10-05 1993-09-21 Method and device for illuminating the entrance portions of tunnels, particularly of tunnels in highways and motorways

    Country Status (4)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0593915B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE162288T1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2114987T3 (en)
    IT (1) IT1257449B (en)

    Families Citing this family (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE202006011988U1 (en) * 2006-08-03 2007-12-06 Korsch, Alfred guiding arrangement
    CN103423698A (en) * 2013-08-08 2013-12-04 山西天脊山电动车船有限公司 Non-energy-consumption road tunnel entrance reflective mirror
    CN113464893B (en) * 2021-07-14 2022-11-18 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 Roadside installation method for tunnel sunlight projection illumination with shadowless function

    Family Cites Families (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE2334951A1 (en) * 1973-07-10 1975-01-30 Siebenbrock Genannt Thier Paul CONVERSION OF NATURAL LIGHT BY MEANS OF MIRROR REFLECTIONS THROUGH POINTS THAT LEAVE FROM THE EARTH SURFACE INTO UNDERGROUND FACILITIES (FACTORY FACILITIES, TUNNELS, APARTMENTS, COMMUNITY ROOMS ETC.)
    DE3408649A1 (en) * 1984-03-09 1985-09-12 Ed. Züblin AG, 7000 Stuttgart Supports for daylight grids and process for the production thereof
    JPS6127517A (en) * 1984-07-18 1986-02-07 P S Kankyo Giken Kk Solar light reflective device

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    ITGE920103A1 (en) 1994-04-05
    EP0593915A1 (en) 1994-04-27
    ES2114987T3 (en) 1998-06-16
    ITGE920103A0 (en) 1992-10-05
    ATE162288T1 (en) 1998-01-15
    IT1257449B (en) 1996-01-25

    Similar Documents

    Publication Publication Date Title
    US6144158A (en) Adaptive/anti-blinding headlights
    US6877879B2 (en) Process for improving the visibility in vehicles
    EP0213168A1 (en) A device for automatic selective light control for vehicles
    US7798659B2 (en) Vehicle mirror having a light source
    EP0574359B1 (en) Street-lamp with fog lighting device
    ES2130955B1 (en) &#34;LIGHTING DEVICE FOR VEHICLES&#34;.
    DE19907943C2 (en) Motor vehicle headlight with a deflection device for changing the direction of at least part of a light beam
    JP2018058412A (en) Vehicle lamp
    EP0533508A2 (en) Apparatus and system for controlling vehicle&#39;s headlights
    EP0593915B1 (en) Method and device for illuminating the entrance portions of tunnels, particularly of tunnels in highways and motorways
    KR100608302B1 (en) Rearview mirror, with camera
    FR2791759A1 (en) INSTALLATION OF ADJUSTABLE PROJECTORS FOR VEHICLES
    NL1006156C2 (en) Lighting device with adjustable lighting pattern.
    US4120566A (en) Rearview apparatus for vehicles
    DE69303107T2 (en) Windscreen wiper system with wind deflector
    US2062512A (en) Motor vehicle vision-preserver
    EP0999408A2 (en) Double headlamp adaptive lighting device for motor-vehicles, having a variable diaphragm
    US2783683A (en) Device for providing the driver of an automobile with a clear view in both directions of a street he is about to enter
    EP0479693B1 (en) Road lighting process and device using horizontal luminous flux directed toward rear of vehicles
    ITTO930720A0 (en) REAR VIEW MIRROR FOR A VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH A DEVICE FOR REMOVING WATER AND DIRT FROM THE REFLECTIVE PANEL.
    NO996537L (en) Device for directing a particular light beam to a photosensitive area
    US20020089747A1 (en) Techniques for reducing observed glare by using polarized optical transmission &amp; reception devices
    US2221054A (en) Automobile headlighting
    US3947096A (en) Rear-view mirror system for road vehicles
    JPH06162804A (en) Headlight device for vehicle

    Legal Events

    Date Code Title Description
    PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: A1

    Designated state(s): AT CH ES FR GB LI MC

    17P Request for examination filed

    Effective date: 19941025

    17Q First examination report despatched

    Effective date: 19950912

    GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

    GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

    GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

    GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

    GRAA (expected) grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: B1

    Designated state(s): AT CH ES FR GB LI MC

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: AT

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

    Effective date: 19980114

    REF Corresponds to:

    Ref document number: 162288

    Country of ref document: AT

    Date of ref document: 19980115

    Kind code of ref document: T

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: EP

    ET Fr: translation filed
    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: ES

    Ref legal event code: FG2A

    Ref document number: 2114987

    Country of ref document: ES

    Kind code of ref document: T3

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: GB

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 19980921

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: NV

    Representative=s name: PATENTANWALTSBUERO FELDMANN AG

    PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

    STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

    Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

    26N No opposition filed
    GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

    Effective date: 19980921

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: PUE

    Owner name: DIACON S.R.L. TRANSFER- BARLOCCO, EMILIO

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: ES

    Ref legal event code: PC2A

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: PFA

    Owner name: BARLOCCO, EMILIO

    Free format text: BARLOCCO, EMILIO#LOC. CONTRADA 33#17040 STELLA (IT) -TRANSFER TO- BARLOCCO, EMILIO#LOC. CONTRADA 33#17040 STELLA (IT)

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: MC

    Payment date: 20090922

    Year of fee payment: 17

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: FR

    Payment date: 20101014

    Year of fee payment: 18

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: CH

    Payment date: 20101227

    Year of fee payment: 18

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: MC

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20100930

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: ES

    Payment date: 20101022

    Year of fee payment: 18

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: PL

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: ST

    Effective date: 20120531

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: LI

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20110930

    Ref country code: CH

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20110930

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: FR

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20110930

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: ES

    Ref legal event code: FD2A

    Effective date: 20130531

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: ES

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20110922