Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
  • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
  • A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/002—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits
  • A01N25/008—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits molluscicidal
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
  • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a slug and snail repelling and/or killing composition and more particularly to such a composition which may be produced from materials which would otherwise considered to be waste materials.
• Slugs and snails are a considerable pest to domestic gardeners and commercial plant growers. It is known to produce snail and slug killing compositions which are attractive to the animals and which poison them when eaten. Such slug and snail killers typically comprise a food material for the animal together with a molluscicidal composition which poisons the slugs and snails.
• the present inventor has realized that an effective slug and snail repelling and/or killing composition may be produced from materials typically considered not to have molluscicidal properties and which in preferred embodiments of the invention, are obtainable from waste residues of other processing operations. Disclosure of the Invention
• the present invention consists in a slug and snail repelling and/or killing composition containing an effective amount of a pyrethrin or a mixture pyrethrins and a carrier therefor.
• the pyrethrins are a family of naturally occurring insecticidal compositions found in the flowers of pyrethrum daisies such as Pyrethrum cinerariaefolium. In the recovery of the pyrethrum compounds the daisies are harvested, dried, ground and, normally, pelletized. The dried and pelleted material is then typically subjected to solvent extraction. The present inventor has found that the marc resulting from this solvent extraction process can be used very effectively in the production of compositions which repel and/or kill slugs and snails.
• SUBSTITUTE SHEET The present invention is not limited to the use of pyrethrins contained in the marc. Natural or synthetic pyrethrins in purified or semi-purified form may be added to a suitable carrier to produce a slug and snail repelling and/or killing compositions according to the present invention.
• the use of the pyrethrin marc is preferred as it is a waste material typically having a low value.
• composition according to the invention preferably contains less than 0.1% by weight and preferably less than 0.01% by weight of pyrethrin.
• the pyrethrin could be present as a single compound but would be more likely to be a mixture of two or more of the individual compounds making up the pyrethrin family.
• the marc is preferably mixed with a solid carrier which may be pelletized.
• This carrier preferably comprises a substantial proportion of waste materials such as ground rice hulls or straw. If the material is to be pelletized then it is desirable to include compositions which are known to facilitate pelletizing.
• a suitable material is rice bran which includes oils which accelerate pelleting speeds and bentonite which acts as a binder for the formed pellets.
• the bran also comprises a food attractant for molluscs and the composition preferably includes such an attractant.
• Other suitable attractants include flour and starch.
• Other binders which could be used in the pelleting process include naturally occurring ligno sulphonates.
• the super fine material resulting from the pelleting process may be used to form a dusting powder useful for the repelling and/or killing of slugs and snails.
• composition according to the present invention is repellant to dogs and cats. This is an important advantage in slug and snail repelling and killing compositions as the conventional slug and snail killers are attractive to dogs and are also poisonous to them.
• the present invention comprises 10% of marc resulting from the solvent extraction of pelletized pyrethrum daisy meal and 90% of a carrier mixture.
• the marc contains less than half a percent of residual pyrethrins and is in material generally considered to be waste following the solvent extraction of the pyrethrins.
• the carrier mix preferably comprises 20% rice bran, 2% bentonite and 78% ground rice hulls, all of the foregoing percentages being percentages by weight. It has been found that when the above material is pelletized and the pellets sprinkled on a garden the garden is devoid of slugs and snails within a few hours of the application of the pellets.
• the composition was passed through a pellet mill to produce a pale brown coherent pellet. This material is hereinafter referred to as "Sluggo”.
• the target pest was the common garden snail Helix aspersa.
• the snails were collected from gardens in the city of Orange, New South Wales one day prior to use. Medium to large snails were used.
• SLUGGO - contains pyrethrin 25 mg/kg as the active ingredient in a bran based pellet with no colour.
• the formulation was as supplied by Pellet Technology Australia Pty Limited.
• the trial was set up as a split plot design with the treatments as the main plots and "rainfall” as the sub-plots. "Rainfall” consisted of putting the treatments out on half the plots and watering them for two hours with a soaker hose. The total water applied was 35mm. The remaining plots were treated two hours after the
• Each sub-plot was 1 m in area and contained six evenly spaced lettuce seedlings and two 17cm diameter plastic squat pots (one on the treated half and one on the untreated half of the sub-plot) .
• the total number of sub-plots was twenty four; four treatments by two moisture regimes by three replicates. the plot and sub-plot layout is described below.
• Each of the sub-plots was enclosed with a black nylon shade cloth covered timber framed cage to prevent the snails from escaping.
• the position of the snails was recorded as; on the harbourage, on the lettuce seedlings, on the cage, or on the ground. Whether they were on the treated half or the untreated half of the sub-plots was also recorded.
• the snails in the untreated plots were found mainly in the harbourages with some on the cage. Although no treatment was applied to the untreated plots, snails generally preferred the southern side of the plot. As previously mentioned, the proximity of the building may have had some effect.
• 4.3 Snail Control SLUGGO snail pellets did not knockdown or kill any snails during the three snail challenges. At the 3 day assessment of the 1st challenge it was noted that snail excreta in the SLUGGO plots was pellet coloured (observed in the harbourages on both treated and untreated halves of the plot) . Snails were consuming pellets and remaining active.
• Lettuce seedling damage was similar in the SLUGGO and BAYSOL treated plots with significantly greater damage in untreated control plots.
• the SLUGGO pellets were more desirable to snails than the lettuce seedlings.
• Seedling damage increased in the plots treated with the low rate of SLUGGO at the 3 day assessment of the 2nd challenge. The increased seedling damage may have been due to the low level of the alternative food source (SLUGGO) .

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• Plant Pathology (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Mycology (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Botany (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (4)

• 1992
  • 1992-06-09 WO PCT/AU1992/000270 patent/WO1992022205A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-06-09 EP EP19920912310 patent/EP0589976A4/en not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (6)

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