EP0584289B1 - Inverted filter centrifuge - Google Patents

Inverted filter centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0584289B1
EP0584289B1 EP92923345A EP92923345A EP0584289B1 EP 0584289 B1 EP0584289 B1 EP 0584289B1 EP 92923345 A EP92923345 A EP 92923345A EP 92923345 A EP92923345 A EP 92923345A EP 0584289 B1 EP0584289 B1 EP 0584289B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifugal drum
drum
base part
centrifugal
filter centrifuge
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EP92923345A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0584289A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Gerteis
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Heinkel Industriezentrifugen GmbH and Co
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Heinkel Industriezentrifugen GmbH and Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B04B3/02—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by means coaxial with the bowl axis and moving to and fro, i.e. push-type centrifuges
    • B04B3/025—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by means coaxial with the bowl axis and moving to and fro, i.e. push-type centrifuges with a reversible filtering device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inverting filter centrifuge according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such inverting filter centrifuges are known for example from DE-27 09 894 C3.
  • the sliding shaft penetrates the interior of the centrifugal drum when it is opened and can cause contamination, e.g. B. lubricant, transfer from the machine frame of the centrifugal drum into its interior.
  • contamination e.g. B. lubricant
  • suspension residues can be introduced into the machine housing through the sliding shaft.
  • the inverting filter centrifuge shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a housing 1, in which a hollow shaft 3 is rotatably supported by a roller bearing 4 on a stationary machine frame 2. At least one additional roller bearing is located on the side of the machine frame 2, which is no longer shown on the right in FIG. 1.
  • the hollow shaft 3 is set in rotation by means of drive means (likewise not shown, located on the right in FIG. 2).
  • a sliding shaft 5 is slidably guided, wherein, for. B. by a spline-keyway connection, care is taken that the shaft 5 rotates simultaneously with this hollow shaft despite its displaceability relative to the hollow shaft 3, with the latter is rotatably coupled.
  • the displacement shaft 5 is assigned drive means (not shown) which move this shaft axially back and forth as required.
  • a pot-shaped centrifugal drum 6 is flanged in the housing 1 in a rotationally fixed and self-supporting manner, in such a way that an end wall 7, which the centrifugal drum 6 at its one (in Fig. 1 right side) closes, rigidly connected to the hollow shaft 3.
  • the drum 6 has radially continuous filtrate passages 9 on its cylindrical side wall 8.
  • the centrifugal drum 6 is open on its end face opposite the end wall 7.
  • a filter cloth 11 On the opening wheel 10 surrounding the open end of the centrifugal drum 6, one edge of a filter cloth 11, which is essentially cylindrical and tubular, is tightly clamped. The other edge of the filter cloth 11 is correspondingly tightly connected to a base piece 12, which in turn is rigidly connected to the displacement shaft 5.
  • a drum cover 14 is rigidly fastened to the base piece 12 by means of stud bolts 13, leaving a clearance, which in FIG. 1 tightly closes the interior of the drum 6 by resting on its opening edge 10 and in FIG. 2 together with the base piece 12 by axially pushing out the sliding shaft 5 the hollow shaft 3 is lifted off the centrifugal drum 6.
  • a filling tube 15 is rigidly arranged on the housing 1, which is used to supply a suspension to be broken down into its solid and liquid components serves in the interior of the centrifugal drum 6 ( Figure 1) and in the operating state shown in Figure 2, the inverting filter centrifuge penetrates into a bore 16 of the displaceable shaft 5.
  • the housing 1 is tightly connected to the machine frame 2 behind the centrifugal drum 6. Furthermore, an annular seal 18 arranged in front of the roller bearing 4 seals the machine frame 2 from the centrifugal drum 6. In this way, the housing communicating with the interior of the centrifugal drum 6 is tightly separated from the machine frame 2.
  • the inverting filter centrifuge initially assumes the position shown in FIG. 1.
  • the displacement shaft 5 is retracted into the hollow shaft 3 by appropriate control of the drive means assigned to it, whereby the bottom piece 12 firmly connected to the displacement shaft lies in the vicinity of the closed end wall 7 of the centrifugal drum 6 and the filter cloth 11 is inserted into the drum 6 such that it lies against the inside of the cylindrical side wall of the drum.
  • the drum cover 14 lies tightly on the opening edge of the centrifugal drum 6.
  • suspension to be filtered continuously is introduced into the interior of the centrifugal drum 6 via the filling pipe 15.
  • the liquid constituents of the suspension pass through the filter cloth 11 and the radial filtrate passages 9 in a known manner and are derived from a shield 17.
  • the solid particles of the suspension are held up by the filter cloth 11 as a firmly adhering filter cake.
  • the displacement shaft 5 penetrates into the interior of the centrifugal drum 6. If in the filtration of sensitive products, such as food or pharmaceuticals, the interior of the centrifugal drum 6 must be sterilized and kept germ-free, when the centrifugal drum is opened, 5 contaminants adhering to the outside of the sliding shaft 5, e.g. B. lubricant, from the side of the machine frame 2 forth into the centrifuge interior so that it becomes contaminated. It would therefore be necessary to re-sterilize the interior of the centrifugal drum after each opening and reclosing of the centrifugal drum.
  • this partition is designed as a disk-shaped, essentially circular cylindrical fold membrane 21 in the normal state, which is connected with its outer edge to the outer edge of the end wall 7.
  • An inner edge of the fold membrane 21, which surrounds a central opening, is connected to the displacement shaft 5 in the immediate vicinity of the base piece 12.
  • the fold membrane In the (relaxed) normal state according to FIG. 1, that is to say with the centrifugal drum 6 closed, the fold membrane has an essentially flat shape, with corrugations running concentrically to one another in the plane of the membrane.
  • the fold membrane 21 consists of a flexible, elastically stretchable and tensionable material, for example rubber.
  • the pleated membrane 21 creates a sealing partition between the sliding shaft 5 carrying the base piece 12 and the suspension-receiving interior of the centrifugal drum, so that this interior of the drum is separated from the side of the machine frame 2 so that an exchange of substances is excluded.
  • the inverting filter centrifuge shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from the inverting filter centrifuge according to FIGS. 1 and 2 only in that a conventional bellows 22 is provided as a partition in FIGS. 3 and 4, one side of which is closed with the end wall 7 and the other other side is connected to the base piece 12, this base piece 12 having a corresponding protuberance 23 for receiving the collapsed bellows (FIG. 3).
  • a conventional bellows 22 is provided as a partition in FIGS. 3 and 4, one side of which is closed with the end wall 7 and the other other side is connected to the base piece 12, this base piece 12 having a corresponding protuberance 23 for receiving the collapsed bellows (FIG. 3).
  • the expanded bellows 22 separates the interior of the centrifugal drum 6 from the displacement shaft 5 in the same way as the fold membrane 21 in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a differential pressure monitoring device which monitors the partition for leaks can be assigned to the partition formed in the form of the fold membrane 21 or the bellows 22.
  • an overpressure or underpressure P1 is generated with the aid of a pump 24 in a closed space 25.
  • the space 25, as shown in particular in FIGS. 2 and 4, is connected via a line 26 to the side of the partition (pleated membrane 21 or bellows 22) facing the machine frame 2 and the sliding shaft 5, so that the pressure P1 in this space is also connected prevails.
  • the pressure P2 for example atmospheric pressure, prevails on the opposite side of the partition wall, which faces the interior of the centrifugal drum 6.
  • a measuring instrument 27 is used to monitor the pressure difference P2-P1.
  • the fold membrane 21 acting as a partition and the bellows 22 serving the same purpose are designed as a flexible, stretchable element.
  • An extensibility is not absolutely necessary, for example if the partition is designed as a flexible, inextensible cloth which folds or folds up when the drum is closed.
  • the corrugations or folds in the fold membrane 21 or a bellows 22 can also be omitted. These elements can therefore be made smooth if the required extensibility results solely from the elastic properties of the material from which the element is made. Instead of a fold membrane, a flat membrane that is more or less flat in the idle state can also be used.

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP91/00849 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 7, 1993 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 7, 1993 PCT Filed May 4, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO92/19381 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 12, 1992.A sleeve filter centrifuge comprises between the closed end wall of a centrifugal drum and a base portion movable relative to this end wall a flexible, extendible dividing wall, for example in the form of a bellows or a folded membrane. This dividing wall provides a seal between a displacing shaft bearing the base portion and the inner chamber of the centrifugal drum accommodating the suspension and prevents any exchange of substances, which, for example, impairs sterilization, between the process area of the centrifugal drum and the machine frame side of the sleeve filter centrifuge.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an inverting filter centrifuge according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Derartige Stülpfilter-Zentrifugen sind beispielsweise aus der DE-27 09 894 C3 bekannt.Such inverting filter centrifuges are known for example from DE-27 09 894 C3.

Bei der bekannten Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge durchdringt die Verschiebewelle beim Öffnen der Schleudertrommel deren Innenraum und kann dabei Verschmutzungen, z. B. Schmiermittel, von dem Maschinengestell der Schleudertrommel in deren Innenraum überführen. Umgekehrt können beim Verschließen der Schleudertrommel Suspensionsreste durch die Verschiebewelle in das Maschinengehäuse eingeführt werden. Beides ist nachteilig, denn die Verschmutzungen können die für die Behandlung von sensiblen Suspensionen, beispielsweise Lebensmittel oder Pharmazeutika, erforderliche Sterilisation des Innenraums der Trommel beeinträchtigen, während in das Maschinengestell gelangte Suspensionsreste den Schleuderbetrieb, insbesondere das Bewegen der Verschiebewelle stören können.In the known inverting filter centrifuge, the sliding shaft penetrates the interior of the centrifugal drum when it is opened and can cause contamination, e.g. B. lubricant, transfer from the machine frame of the centrifugal drum into its interior. Conversely, when the centrifugal drum is closed, suspension residues can be introduced into the machine housing through the sliding shaft. Both are disadvantageous because the soiling can impair the sterilization of the interior of the drum required for the treatment of sensitive suspensions, for example food or pharmaceuticals, while residues of suspension that have entered the machine frame can disrupt the centrifuging operation, in particular the movement of the displacement shaft.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, den geschilderten Mängeln abzuhelfen und eine gattungsgemäße Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge so zu gestalten, daß der die Suspension aufnehmende Innenraum der Schleudertrommel mit Bezug auf den Übergang von festen, flüssigen und gasförmigen Stoffen gegenüber der Maschinengestellseite isoliert ist.It is an object of the invention to remedy the shortcomings described and to design a generic inverting filter centrifuge in such a way that the interior of the centrifugal drum receiving the suspension is insulated from the machine frame side with respect to the transition from solid, liquid and gaseous substances.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Die nachstehende Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der Erfindung dient im Zusammenhang mit beiliegender Zeichnung der weiteren Erläuterung. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
schematisch und abgebrochen eine Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge mit Trennwand in geschlossenem Zustand der Schleudertrommel;
Figur 2
die Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge aus Figur 1 mit geöffneter Schleudertrommel;
Figur 3
eine Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge ähnlich Figur 1 mit einer abgewandelten Trennwand und
Figur 4
die Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge aus Figur 3 mit geöffneter Schleudertrommel.
The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention serves in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for further explanation. Show it:
Figure 1
schematically and broken an inverting filter centrifuge with partition in the closed state of the centrifugal drum;
Figure 2
the inverting filter centrifuge from Figure 1 with the centrifugal drum open;
Figure 3
an inverting filter centrifuge similar to Figure 1 with a modified partition and
Figure 4
the inverting filter centrifuge from Figure 3 with the centrifugal drum open.

Die in Figur 1 und 2 dargestellte Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge umfaßt ein Gehäuse 1, in dem auf einem stationären Maschinengestell 2 eine Hohlwelle 3 durch ein Wälzlager 4 drehbar gelagert ist. Wenigstens ein weiteres Wälzlager befindet sich auf der in Figur 1 rechts nicht mehr dargestellten Seite des Maschinengestells 2. Die Hohlwelle 3 wird mit Hilfe (ebenfalls nicht dargestellter, in Figur 2 rechts gelegener) Antriebsmittel in Rotation versetzt.The inverting filter centrifuge shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a housing 1, in which a hollow shaft 3 is rotatably supported by a roller bearing 4 on a stationary machine frame 2. At least one additional roller bearing is located on the side of the machine frame 2, which is no longer shown on the right in FIG. 1. The hollow shaft 3 is set in rotation by means of drive means (likewise not shown, located on the right in FIG. 2).

In der Hohlwelle 3 ist eine Verschiebewelle 5 gleitverschieblich geführt, wobei, z. B. durch eine Keil-Keilnut-Verbindung, dafür Sorge getragen ist, daß die Welle 5 trotz ihrer Verschieblichkeit relativ zur Hohlwelle 3 gleichzeitig mit dieser Hohlwelle umläuft, mit letzterer also drehfest gekoppelt ist. Der Verschiebewelle 5 sind (nicht dargestellte) Antriebsmittel zugeordnet, welche diese Welle bedarfsweise axial hin- oder her bewegen.In the hollow shaft 3, a sliding shaft 5 is slidably guided, wherein, for. B. by a spline-keyway connection, care is taken that the shaft 5 rotates simultaneously with this hollow shaft despite its displaceability relative to the hollow shaft 3, with the latter is rotatably coupled. The displacement shaft 5 is assigned drive means (not shown) which move this shaft axially back and forth as required.

An dem in Figur 1 und 2 links gelegenen, über das Lager 4 hinausragenden Ende der Hohlwelle 3 ist im Gehäuse 1 drehfest und freitragend eine topfförmige Schleudertrommel 6 angeflanscht, und zwar so, daß eine Stirnwand 7, welche die Schleudertrommel 6 an ihrer einen (in Fig. 1 rechten) Stirnseite verschließt, starr mit der Hohlwelle 3 verbunden ist. An ihrer zylindrischen Seitenwand 8 weist die Trommel 6 radial durchgehende Filtratdurchlässe 9 auf. An ihrer der Stirnwand 7 gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite ist die Schleudertrommel 6 offen.At the left in Figures 1 and 2, projecting beyond the bearing 4 end of the hollow shaft 3, a pot-shaped centrifugal drum 6 is flanged in the housing 1 in a rotationally fixed and self-supporting manner, in such a way that an end wall 7, which the centrifugal drum 6 at its one (in Fig. 1 right side) closes, rigidly connected to the hollow shaft 3. The drum 6 has radially continuous filtrate passages 9 on its cylindrical side wall 8. The centrifugal drum 6 is open on its end face opposite the end wall 7.

An dem die offene Stirnseite der Schleudertrommel 6 umgebenden Öffnungsrad 10 ist der eine Rand eines im wesentlichen zylindrisch-schlauchförmig ausgebildeten Filtertuchs 11 dicht eingespannt. Der andere Rand des Filtertuchs 11 ist in entsprechender Weise dicht mit einem Bodenstück 12 verbunden, das seinerseits starr mit der Verschiebewelle 5 verbunden ist. Am Bodenstück 12 ist über Stehbolzen 13 unter Freilassung eines Abstandes starr ein Trommeldeckel 14 befestigt, der in Figur 1 den Innenraum der Trommel 6 durch Auflage an deren Öffnungsrand 10 dicht verschließt und in Figur 2 gemeinsam mit dem Bodenstück 12 durch axiales Herausschieben der Verschiebewelle 5 aus der Hohlwelle 3 von der Schleudertrommel 6 abgehoben ist.On the opening wheel 10 surrounding the open end of the centrifugal drum 6, one edge of a filter cloth 11, which is essentially cylindrical and tubular, is tightly clamped. The other edge of the filter cloth 11 is correspondingly tightly connected to a base piece 12, which in turn is rigidly connected to the displacement shaft 5. A drum cover 14 is rigidly fastened to the base piece 12 by means of stud bolts 13, leaving a clearance, which in FIG. 1 tightly closes the interior of the drum 6 by resting on its opening edge 10 and in FIG. 2 together with the base piece 12 by axially pushing out the sliding shaft 5 the hollow shaft 3 is lifted off the centrifugal drum 6.

An der in Figur 1 und 2 links gelegenen Vorderseite der Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge ist ein Füllrohr 15 starr am Gehäuse 1 angeordnet, welches zum Zuführen einer in ihre Feststoff- und Flüssigkeitsbestandteile zu zerlegenden Suspension in den Innenraum der Schleudertrommel 6 dient (Figur 1) und bei dem in Figur 2 dargestellten Betriebszustand der Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge in eine Bohrung 16 der verschiebbaren Welle 5 eindringt.On the left in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the front of the inverting filter centrifuge, a filling tube 15 is rigidly arranged on the housing 1, which is used to supply a suspension to be broken down into its solid and liquid components serves in the interior of the centrifugal drum 6 (Figure 1) and in the operating state shown in Figure 2, the inverting filter centrifuge penetrates into a bore 16 of the displaceable shaft 5.

Wie aus der Zeichnung ersichtlich, ist das Gehäuse 1 hinter der Schleudertrommel 6 dicht mit dem Maschinengestell 2 verbunden. Weiterhin dichtet eine vor dem Wälzlager 4 angeordnete Ringdichtung 18 das Maschinengestell 2 zur Schleudertrommel 6 hin ab. Auf diese Weise ist das mit dem Innenraum der Schleudertrommel 6 kommunizierende Gehäuse vom Maschinengestell 2 dicht abgetrennt.As can be seen from the drawing, the housing 1 is tightly connected to the machine frame 2 behind the centrifugal drum 6. Furthermore, an annular seal 18 arranged in front of the roller bearing 4 seals the machine frame 2 from the centrifugal drum 6. In this way, the housing communicating with the interior of the centrifugal drum 6 is tightly separated from the machine frame 2.

Im Betrieb nimmt die Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge zunächst die in Figur 1 gezeichnete Stellung ein. Die Verschiebewelle 5 ist in die Hohlwelle 3 durch entsprechende Steuerung der ihr zugeordneten Antriebsmittel zurückgezogen, wodurch das mit der Verschiebewelle fest verbundene Bodenstück 12 in der Nähe der geschlossenen Stirnwand 7 der Schleudertrommel 6 liegt und das Filtertuch 11 derart in die Trommel 6 eingestülpt ist, daß es sich an die Innenseite der zylindrischen Seitenwand der Trommel anlegt. Der Trommeldeckel 14 legt sich dabei dicht auf den Öffnungsrand der Schleudertrommel 6 auf. Bei rasch rotierender Schleudertrommel, beispielsweise mit einer Drehzahl von 2000 U/min, wird über das Füllrohr 15 kontinuierlich zu filtrierende Suspension in den Innenraum der Schleudertrommel 6 eingeführt. Die flüssigen Bestandteile der Suspension treten in bekannter Weise durch das Filtertuch 11 und die radialen Filtratdurchlässe 9 hindurch und werden von einer Abschirmung 17 abgeleitet. Die Feststoffteilchen der Suspension werden als fest haftender Filterkuchen vom Filtertuch 11 aufgehalten.In operation, the inverting filter centrifuge initially assumes the position shown in FIG. 1. The displacement shaft 5 is retracted into the hollow shaft 3 by appropriate control of the drive means assigned to it, whereby the bottom piece 12 firmly connected to the displacement shaft lies in the vicinity of the closed end wall 7 of the centrifugal drum 6 and the filter cloth 11 is inserted into the drum 6 such that it lies against the inside of the cylindrical side wall of the drum. The drum cover 14 lies tightly on the opening edge of the centrifugal drum 6. In the case of a rapidly rotating centrifugal drum, for example at a speed of 2000 rpm, suspension to be filtered continuously is introduced into the interior of the centrifugal drum 6 via the filling pipe 15. The liquid constituents of the suspension pass through the filter cloth 11 and the radial filtrate passages 9 in a known manner and are derived from a shield 17. The solid particles of the suspension are held up by the filter cloth 11 as a firmly adhering filter cake.

Bei langsam rotierender Schleudertrommel (beispielsweise 500 U/min) wird nach Durchführung der Filtration und Unterbrechung der Suspensionszufuhr die Verschiebewelle 5 nach links vorgeschoben (Figur 2), wodurch sich das Filtertuch 11 nach außen stülpt, so daß die an ihm als Filterkuchen haftenden Feststoffteilchen nach auswärts in das Gehäuse 1 abgeschleudert werden, von wo sie abbefördert werden. Nach beendeter Abschleuderung der Feststoffteilchen wird die Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge durch Zurückschieben der Verschiebewelle 5 wieder in die Betriebsstellung gemäß Figur 1 gebracht.In the case of a slowly rotating centrifugal drum (for example 500 rpm), after the filtration has been carried out and the suspension supply has been interrupted, the displacement shaft 5 is pushed to the left (FIG. 2), as a result of which the filter cloth 11 is turned outwards, so that the solid particles adhering to it as a filter cake follow are thrown out into the housing 1, from where they are removed. After the centrifuging of the solid particles has ended, the inverting filter centrifuge is brought back into the operating position according to FIG. 1 by pushing back the sliding shaft 5.

Beim Übergang der Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge von dem Betriebszustand gemäß Figur 1 in denjenigen gemäß Figur 2 dringt, wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich, die Verschiebewelle 5 in den Innenraum der Schleudertrommel 6 ein. Wenn bei der Filtration sensibler Produkte, beispielsweise Lebensmittel oder Pharmazeutika, der Innenraum der Schleudertrommel 6 sterilisiert und keimfrei gehalten werden muß, können beim Öffnen der Schleudertrommel an der Außenseite der Verschiebewelle 5 haftende Schmutzstoffe, z. B. Schmiermittel, von der Seite des Maschinengestells 2 her in den Schleuderinnenraum gelangen, so daß dieser kontaminiert wird. Es wäre daher nach jedem Öffnen und Wiederschließen der Schleudertrommel eine erneute Sterilisation des Innenraums der Schleudertrommel erforderlich. Umgekehrt können sich auch restliche Bestandteile der Suspension beim Öffnen der Schleudertrommel 6 auf der Außenseite der Verschiebewelle 5 absetzen und von da in die im Maschinengestell 2 gelagerte Hohlwelle 3 gelangen, was zu Störungen, insbesondere mit Bezug auf die Verschieblichkeit der Welle 5 in der Welle 3 führen kann.When the inverting filter centrifuge changes from the operating state according to FIG. 1 to that according to FIG. 2, as can be seen from FIG. 2, the displacement shaft 5 penetrates into the interior of the centrifugal drum 6. If in the filtration of sensitive products, such as food or pharmaceuticals, the interior of the centrifugal drum 6 must be sterilized and kept germ-free, when the centrifugal drum is opened, 5 contaminants adhering to the outside of the sliding shaft 5, e.g. B. lubricant, from the side of the machine frame 2 forth into the centrifuge interior so that it becomes contaminated. It would therefore be necessary to re-sterilize the interior of the centrifugal drum after each opening and reclosing of the centrifugal drum. Conversely, when the centrifugal drum 6 is opened, the remaining constituents of the suspension can settle on the outside of the displacement shaft 5 and from there enter the hollow shaft 3 mounted in the machine frame 2, which leads to faults, in particular with regard to the displaceability of the shaft 5 in the shaft 3 can lead.

Um zu verhindern, daß zwischen dem der Durchführung des Filterverfahrens dienenden Innenraum der Schleudertrommel 6 und dem Maschinengestell 2 ein unerwünschter Stoffübergang in fester, flüssiger oder gasförmiger Form stattfindet, sind diese beiden Räume durch eine Trennwand voneinander getrennt. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 und 2 ist diese Trennwand als eine im Normalzustand scheibenförmige, im wesentlichen kreiszylindrische Faltenmembran 21 ausgebildet, die mit ihrem äußeren Rand mit dem Außenrand der Stirnwand 7 verbunden ist. Ein innerer, eine zentrale Öffnung umschließender Rand der Faltenmembran 21 ist in unmittelbarer Nähe des Bodenstücks 12 mit der Verschiebewelle 5 verbunden. Die Faltenmembran weist im (entspannten) Normalzustand gemäß Figur 1, also bei geschlossener Schleudertrommel 6, eine im wesentlichen ebene Form auf, wobei in der Ebene der Membran konzentrisch zueinander verlaufende Wellungen vorliegen. Beim Öffnen der Schleudertrommel 6, also beim Vorschieben des Bodenstücks 12 durch die Verschiebewelle 5 relativ zur geschlossenen Stirnwand 7 (Fig. 2) dehnt sich die Faltenmembran 21 in eine konische Konfiguration, wobei die Wellungen der Membran gemäß Figur 1 geglättet werden. Die Faltenmembran 21 besteht aus einem flexiblen, elastisch dehn- und spannbaren Material, beispielsweise Gummi.In order to prevent an undesired mass transfer in solid, liquid or gaseous form from taking place between the interior of the centrifugal drum 6 and the machine frame 2, these two spaces are separated from one another by a partition. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, this partition is designed as a disk-shaped, essentially circular cylindrical fold membrane 21 in the normal state, which is connected with its outer edge to the outer edge of the end wall 7. An inner edge of the fold membrane 21, which surrounds a central opening, is connected to the displacement shaft 5 in the immediate vicinity of the base piece 12. In the (relaxed) normal state according to FIG. 1, that is to say with the centrifugal drum 6 closed, the fold membrane has an essentially flat shape, with corrugations running concentrically to one another in the plane of the membrane. When the centrifugal drum 6 is opened, that is to say when the base piece 12 is pushed forward by the sliding shaft 5 relative to the closed end wall 7 (FIG. 2), the pleated membrane 21 expands into a conical configuration, the corrugations of the membrane according to FIG. 1 being smoothed out. The fold membrane 21 consists of a flexible, elastically stretchable and tensionable material, for example rubber.

Wie insbesondere aus Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, stellt die Faltenmembran 21 eine abdichtende Trennwand zwischen der das Bodenstück 12 tragenden Verschiebewelle 5 und dem die Suspension aufnehmenden Innenraum der Schleudertrommel her, so daß dieser Innenraum der Trommel von der Seite des Maschinengestells 2 so abgetrennt ist, daß ein Stoffaustausch ausgeschlossen ist.As can be seen in particular from Figure 2, the pleated membrane 21 creates a sealing partition between the sliding shaft 5 carrying the base piece 12 and the suspension-receiving interior of the centrifugal drum, so that this interior of the drum is separated from the side of the machine frame 2 so that an exchange of substances is excluded.

Die in Figur 3 und 4 dargestellte Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge unterscheidet sich von der Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge gemäß Figur 1 und 2 nur dadurch, daß als Trennwand in Figur 3 und 4 ein üblicher Faltenbalg 22 vorgesehen ist, dessen eine Seite mit der geschlossenen Stirnwand 7 und dessen andere Seite mit dem Bodenstück 12 verbunden ist, wobei dieses Bodenstück 12 eine entsprechende Ausstülpung 23 zur Aufnahme des zusammengeschobenen Faltenbalgs aufweist (Figur 3). Im geöffneten Zustand der Schleudertrommel 6 (Figur 4) trennt der gedehnte Faltenbalg 22 den Innenraum der Schleudertrommel 6 von der Verschiebewelle 5 in der gleichen Weise wie die Faltenmembran 21 in Figur 1 und 2.The inverting filter centrifuge shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from the inverting filter centrifuge according to FIGS. 1 and 2 only in that a conventional bellows 22 is provided as a partition in FIGS. 3 and 4, one side of which is closed with the end wall 7 and the other other side is connected to the base piece 12, this base piece 12 having a corresponding protuberance 23 for receiving the collapsed bellows (FIG. 3). In the opened state of the centrifugal drum 6 (FIG. 4), the expanded bellows 22 separates the interior of the centrifugal drum 6 from the displacement shaft 5 in the same way as the fold membrane 21 in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Der in Form der Faltenmembran 21 oder des Faltenbalgs 22 ausgebildeten Trennwand kann eine Differenzdrucküberwachungseinrichtung zugeordnet werden, welche die Trennwand auf Undichtigkeiten überwacht. Wie auf der Zeichnung dargestellt, wird mit Hilfe einer Pumpe 24 in einem geschlossenen Raum 25 ein Über- oder Unterdruck P1 erzeugt. Der Raum 25 ist, wie insbesondere die Figuren 2 und 4 zeigen, über eine Leitung 26 mit der dem Maschinengestell 2 und der Verschiebewelle 5 zugekehrten Seite der Trennwand (Faltenmembran 21 bzw. Faltenbalg 22) verbunden, so daß in diesem Raum ebenfalls der Druck P1 herrscht. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Trennwand, die dem Innenraum der Schleudertrommel 6 zugekehrt ist, herrscht der Druck P2, beispielsweise Atmosphärendruck. Ein Meßinstrument 27 dient der Überwachung der Druckdifferenz P2-P1. Sobald der Meßwert von einem vorgegebenen Wert abweicht, wird ein Signal ausgelöst und/oder der Betrieb der Stülpfilter-Zentrifuge eingestellt, weil diese Abweichung des Differenzdrucks auf eine Undichtigkeit der Trennwand (Faltenmembran 21, Faltenbalg 22) schließen läßt.A differential pressure monitoring device which monitors the partition for leaks can be assigned to the partition formed in the form of the fold membrane 21 or the bellows 22. As shown in the drawing, an overpressure or underpressure P1 is generated with the aid of a pump 24 in a closed space 25. The space 25, as shown in particular in FIGS. 2 and 4, is connected via a line 26 to the side of the partition (pleated membrane 21 or bellows 22) facing the machine frame 2 and the sliding shaft 5, so that the pressure P1 in this space is also connected prevails. The pressure P2, for example atmospheric pressure, prevails on the opposite side of the partition wall, which faces the interior of the centrifugal drum 6. A measuring instrument 27 is used to monitor the pressure difference P2-P1. As soon as the measured value deviates from a predetermined value, a signal is triggered and / or the operation of the inverting filter centrifuge is stopped, because this deviation of the differential pressure suggests a leak in the partition wall (folded membrane 21, bellows 22).

Bei den beschriebenen Ausführungsformen ist die als Trennwand wirkende Faltenmembran 21 und der dem gleichen Zweck dienende Faltenbalg 22 als flexibles, dehnbares Element ausgebildet. Eine Dehnbarkeit ist nicht unbedingt erforderlich, beispielsweise dann, wenn die Trennwand als flexibles, undehnbares Tuch ausgebildet ist, welches sich im geschlossenen Zustand der Trommel zusammenlegt oder zusammenfaltet.In the described embodiments, the fold membrane 21 acting as a partition and the bellows 22 serving the same purpose are designed as a flexible, stretchable element. An extensibility is not absolutely necessary, for example if the partition is designed as a flexible, inextensible cloth which folds or folds up when the drum is closed.

Die Wellungen oder Faltungen in der Faltenmembran 21 oder einem Faltenbalg 22 können auch weggelassen werden. Diese Elemente können also glatt ausgebildet werden, wenn sich die erforderliche Dehnbarkeit allein aus den elastischen Eigenschaften des Materials ergibt, aus dem das Element besteht. Statt einer Faltenmembran kann also insbesondere auch eine im Ruhezustand mehr oder weniger ebene Flachmembran verwendet werden.The corrugations or folds in the fold membrane 21 or a bellows 22 can also be omitted. These elements can therefore be made smooth if the required extensibility results solely from the elastic properties of the material from which the element is made. Instead of a fold membrane, a flat membrane that is more or less flat in the idle state can also be used.

Claims (4)

  1. A reversible-filter centrifuge having a centrifugal drum (6) rotatably mounted in a machine frame (2) in self-supporting manner around an axis and having radial filtrate openings, which is closed on one side by an end wall (7) connected securely thereto and in its interior contains a suspension to be separated, having a drum lid (14) closing the opposite open end side of the centrifugal drum, with the centrifugal drum and drum lid being axially displaceably with respect to one another, having a charging pipe (15) passing through a charging opening of the drum lid for charging suspensions into the interior of the centrifugal drum, having a base part (12) connected rigidly with the drum lid, and leaving a space, having a tubular filter cloth (11) attached firstly to the edge of the open drum end side and secondly to the base part, having a sliding shaft (5), slidingly guided coaxially to the centrifugal drum and bearing at its one end the drum lid and the base part, to open and close the centrifugal drum and to progressively reverse the filter cloth, with the sliding shaft being slidingly guided in a hollow shaft (3) connected securely to the closed end side of the centrifugal drum, and having drive means for rotatingly driving the centrifugal drum and for displacing the sliding shaft in relation to the hollow shaft,
    characterised in that a flexible and/or expansible partition (21, 22), which produces a seal between the sliding shaft (5) bearing the base part and the interior of the centrifugal drum containing the suspension, is disposed between the closed end wall (7) of the centrifugal drum (6) and the base part (12) movable in relation thereto.
  2. A reversible-filter centrifuge according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the partition is constructed as bellows (22), to which the sliding shaft (5) is attached all around firstly at the closed end wall (7) and secondly at the base part (12).
  3. A reversible-filter centrifuge according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the partition is constructed as a folded membrane (21) or flat membrane, which is firstly connected to the closed end wall (7) and secondly to the base part (12) and can be expanded from a substantially plane into a conical configuration.
  4. A reversible-filter centrifuge according to Claim 1, 2 or 3,
    characterised by a device (27) for monitoring the differential pressure of the pressures prevailing on either side of the partition (21, 22).
EP92923345A 1991-05-04 1991-05-04 Inverted filter centrifuge Expired - Lifetime EP0584289B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP1991/000849 WO1992019381A1 (en) 1991-05-04 1991-05-04 Inverted filter centrifuge

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EP0584289A1 EP0584289A1 (en) 1994-03-02
EP0584289B1 true EP0584289B1 (en) 1996-09-11

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US (1) US5421997A (en)
EP (1) EP0584289B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06506865A (en)
AT (1) ATE142539T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59108184D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2092136T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2081708C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1992019381A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59108184D1 (en) 1996-10-17
ATE142539T1 (en) 1996-09-15
JPH06506865A (en) 1994-08-04
US5421997A (en) 1995-06-06
ES2092136T3 (en) 1996-11-16
EP0584289A1 (en) 1994-03-02
WO1992019381A1 (en) 1992-11-12
RU2081708C1 (en) 1997-06-20

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