EP0448736A1 - Reversible filter centrifuge - Google Patents

Reversible filter centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0448736A1
EP0448736A1 EP90105623A EP90105623A EP0448736A1 EP 0448736 A1 EP0448736 A1 EP 0448736A1 EP 90105623 A EP90105623 A EP 90105623A EP 90105623 A EP90105623 A EP 90105623A EP 0448736 A1 EP0448736 A1 EP 0448736A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screw spindle
drum
carrier shaft
nut
hollow shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90105623A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0448736B1 (en
Inventor
Hans Gerteis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HEINKEL IND ZENTRIFUGEN
Heinkel Industriezentrifugen GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
HEINKEL IND ZENTRIFUGEN
Heinkel Industriezentrifugen GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DE59008312T priority Critical patent/DE59008312D1/en
Application filed by HEINKEL IND ZENTRIFUGEN, Heinkel Industriezentrifugen GmbH and Co filed Critical HEINKEL IND ZENTRIFUGEN
Priority to DK90105623.4T priority patent/DK0448736T3/en
Priority to EP90105623A priority patent/EP0448736B1/en
Priority to ES90105623T priority patent/ES2066893T3/en
Priority to AT90105623T priority patent/ATE117221T1/en
Priority to KR1019920702232A priority patent/KR0163357B1/en
Priority to JP50368191A priority patent/JP3315979B2/en
Priority to US07/848,946 priority patent/US5277804A/en
Priority to PCT/EP1991/000045 priority patent/WO1991014506A1/en
Priority to SU915053018A priority patent/RU2067893C1/en
Priority to CN91101702.XA priority patent/CN1025009C/en
Publication of EP0448736A1 publication Critical patent/EP0448736A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0448736B1 publication Critical patent/EP0448736B1/en
Priority to GR950400615T priority patent/GR3015484T3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B04B3/02—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by means coaxial with the bowl axis and moving to and fro, i.e. push-type centrifuges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B04B3/02—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by means coaxial with the bowl axis and moving to and fro, i.e. push-type centrifuges
    • B04B3/025—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by means coaxial with the bowl axis and moving to and fro, i.e. push-type centrifuges with a reversible filtering device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
    • B04B9/10—Control of the drive; Speed regulating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inverting filter centrifuge according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving a generic inverting filter centrifuge in such a way that the hydraulic drive previously associated with the opening and closing of the drum is dispensed with, and consequently disruptive leakages of the hydraulic fluid are excluded.
  • the inverting filter centrifuge shown in the drawing comprises a schematically indicated housing 1 which tightly encloses the entire machine, in which a hollow shaft 3 is rotatably mounted in bearings 4, 5 on a stationary machine frame 2. With the end of the hollow shaft 3 protruding beyond the bearing 5, a drive wheel 6 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner, via which the hollow shaft 3 can be put into rapid rotation by an electric or other motor 7 by means of a V-belt.
  • the hollow shaft 3 which is rigidly continuous between the bearings 4, 5 has an axially running keyway, indicated by a broken line, in which a wedge piece 8 is axially displaceable.
  • This wedge piece 8 is rigidly connected to a carrier shaft 9 which is displaceable inside the hollow shaft 3.
  • the carrier shaft 9 therefore rotates together with the hollow shaft 3, but is axially displaceable in the latter.
  • the closed bottom of a pot-shaped centrifugal drum 11 is flange-mounted on the end of the hollow shaft 3 which is on the left in FIGS. 1 and 2 and projects beyond the bearing 4.
  • the drum 11 has radially extending passage openings 12 on its cylindrical jacket.
  • the drum 11 is open on its end face opposite the floor.
  • On the flange-like opening edge 13 surrounding this open end face the edge of an essentially circular-cylindrical filter cloth 15 is tightly clamped by means of a retaining ring 14.
  • the other edge of the filter cloth 15 is in a corresponding manner tightly connected to a base piece 16 which is rigidly connected to the displaceable, displaceable carrier shaft 9 which freely penetrates the bottom of the centrifugal drum 11.
  • a centrifugal chamber cover 18 is rigidly attached to the base piece 16 by means of stud bolts 17, leaving a space free, which in FIG. 1 tightly closes the centrifugal space of the drum 11 by resting on its opening edge and in FIG. 2 together with the base part 16 by axially pushing out the carrier shaft 9 the hollow shaft 3 is lifted freely from the drum 11.
  • a filling tube 19 is arranged on the front side of the inverting filter centrifuge, which is located on the left in FIGS. 1 and 2, and which is used to feed a suspension into the centrifugal space of the drum 11 to be broken down into its solid and liquid components serves ( Figure 1) and in the operating state shown in Figure 2 penetrates into a bore 21 of the slidable carrier shaft 9.
  • the drive device which mediates the displacement of the carrier shaft 9 in the hollow shaft 3 and thus the opening and closing of the centrifugal drum and thus the transition between the two operating states shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described in detail later.
  • the inverting filter centrifuge initially assumes the position shown in FIG. 1.
  • the displaceable carrier shaft 9 is retracted into the hollow shaft 3, as a result of which the bottom piece 16 connected to the carrier shaft 9 lies in the vicinity of the bottom of the centrifugal drum 11.
  • the centrifugal chamber cover 16 has placed itself tightly on the opening edge of the drum 11.
  • suspension to be filtered is introduced via the filling tube 19.
  • the liquid constituents of the suspension pass through the openings 12 of the drum in the direction of the arrows 22 and are passed from a baffle plate 23 into a discharge line 24.
  • the solid particles of the suspension are stopped by the filter cloth 15.
  • the carrier shaft 9 With the centrifugal drum 11 still rotating, the carrier shaft 9 is now moved (to the left) according to FIG. 2, as a result of which the filter cloth 15 is turned inside out and the solid particles adhering to it are thrown outwards in the direction of the arrows 25 into the housing 1. From there they can be easily removed.
  • the filling tube 19 In the position according to FIG. 2, the filling tube 19 has penetrated through corresponding openings in the cover 18 and in the base piece 16 into the bore 21 of the carrier shaft 9.
  • the filter centrifuge After the dropping of the solid particles under the influence the centrifugal force, the filter centrifuge is brought back into the operating position corresponding to FIG. 1 by pushing back the carrier shaft 9, the filter cloth 15 turning back in the opposite direction.
  • operation of the centrifuge with a continuously rotating centrifugal drum 11 is possible, the centrifuging according to FIG. 1 in the working phase of centrifuging 11 being driven by motor 7 at a considerably higher speed than in the operating state of the solids discharge according to FIG. 2. Rotating in the latter working phase the centrifugal drum 11 considerably slower.
  • a bushing 31 which has an axially extending slot 32, is flanged rigidly and non-rotatably to the end of the hollow shaft 3 supported by the bearing 5.
  • a nut 33 With the rear end of the carrier shaft 9, a nut 33 is rigidly connected to a radially projecting wedge piece 30 which engages in the keyway 32, so that the wedge piece 30 provides a rotationally fixed connection between the nut 33 and the carrier shaft 9 on the one hand and the bushing 31 and the hollow shaft 3 on the other hand, however, the nut 33 and thus the carrier shaft 9 are axially displaceable in the bush 31.
  • a screw spindle 34 with a corresponding external thread engages in the internal thread of the nut 33 and is connected to a sleeve 36 in a rotationally fixed but axially slightly displaceable manner via a conventional parallel key connection 35.
  • the sleeve 36 is in turn rotatably supported by means of bearings 37, 38 in an end piece 45 which is fixedly flanged to the bushing 31.
  • a washer 41 is held on the rear end of the screw spindle 34 projecting beyond the sleeve 36 by means of a nut 39.
  • a plate spring 42 or the like is arranged, which the screw spindle 34 relative to the sleeve 36 (in 3 directed to the right), wherein the aforementioned key connection 35 between the screw spindle 34 and the sleeve 36 enables a slight axial movement between the screw spindle 34 and the sleeve 36.
  • the plate spring 42 which prestresses the screw spindle 34 and thus also the carrier shaft 9 (to the right in FIG. 3) via the nut 33, has the purpose, in the working phase of centrifuging (FIG. 1), of the cover 18 against hydraulic pressure occurring inside the drum to hold fixed system at the opening edge of the centrifugal drum 11.
  • the screw spindle 34 could also be rotatably mounted directly in the bearings 37 and 38, that is, without the interposition of the sleeve 36. In this case, the pulley 43 would sit directly on the screw spindle 34 and the plate spring 42 used for the purpose mentioned would be omitted.
  • the socket 31 is rotatably supported by means of the end piece 45 flanged to it in its own rotary bearing 46, which in turn is supported by a stand 47 on the machine frame 2, so that the drive forces exerted by the pulley 43 and the motor 44 in the vicinity of the bearing 46 can be collected.
  • the relative speed of these parts, in particular the carrier shaft 9, and the screw spindle 34 and, above all, whether the screw spindle 34 is driven at a lower or greater speed than the carrier shaft 9 is important.
  • the carrier shaft 9 and screw spindle 34 there is no axial displacement of the carrier shaft 9 in the hollow shaft 3.
  • the carrier shaft 9 and screw spindle 34 rotate simultaneously and in the same direction in the embodiment shown, and when an axial displacement of the carrier shaft 9 in the hollow shaft 3 is triggered, only the difference in speed between these parts 9 and 34 in a positive and negative sense is important, even with a relatively large one absolute speed of the screw spindle 34 causes only a relatively small axial stroke of the carrier shaft 9.
  • the screw spindle 34 behaves like a screw with a very small pitch (fine thread), which in turn means that only small forces are required to drive it, and therefore the motor 44 driving the screw spindle 34 can be made relatively weak, and indeed also when the carrier shaft 9 and screw spindle 34 are driven in opposite directions.
  • the screw spindle closure arrangement described thus acts like a screw screw (provided with a fine thread) with self-locking, which does not require an additional radial locking.
  • FIG. 3 shows the opening state of the centrifugal drum corresponding to FIG. 2, in which case the carrier shaft 9 is displaced completely to the left by the screw spindle 34 in FIG. 3.
  • the carrier shaft 9 has a cavity 48 in front of the nut 3 connected to it, into which the screw spindle 34 enters when the carrier shaft (to the right in FIG. 3) is withdrawn in the course of the closing movement of the centrifugal drum, the nut 33 in the rear extension of the hollow shaft 3 forming socket 31 moves accordingly.
  • the screw spindle can be a spindle without self-locking, which can be achieved, for example, by a conventional ball screw.
  • the locking force required for the safe locking of the centrifugal drum 11 is applied by the constantly switched on motor 44, which drives the screw spindle 34 at a lower speed than the electric motor 7, the hollow shaft 3 and thus the carrier shaft 9. It is also possible to to let the motor 44 or a corresponding section of the screw spindle 34 act on a separate, switchable brake. In particular, if the motor 44 is a frequency-controlled electric motor, this motor itself can serve as a brake.
  • the motor 44 only initiates the opening movement of the centrifugal drum 11 when it drives the screw spindle 34 at a higher speed than the centrifugal chamber drum and with it revolve around the carrier shaft 9. If, therefore, the motor 44 is driven at a constant speed during the centrifuging work phase (FIG. 1), it causes the drum to be locked firmly as long as its speed is greater than the rotational speed of the screw spindle 34. Only when the speed of the centrifugal drum 11 drops below the speed of the screw spindle 34 during the transition to the working phase of solids discharge (FIG. 2) does the centrifugal drum open.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further modified embodiment the invention.
  • parts that correspond to one another are designated by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the screw spindle 34 is driven in rotation via the belt pulley 43 and the motor 44 in order to move the carrier shaft 9 in the hollow shaft 3
  • the screw spindle 34 is connected to the carrier shaft 9 in a rotationally fixed manner, and the sleeve 36 designed as a nut has an internal thread that engages with the external thread of the screw spindle 34.
  • the sleeve 36 is mounted axially immovable in the end piece 45 and is rotated via the pulley 43 and the motor 44, so that the screw spindle 34 and with it the carrier shaft 9 are pushed axially back and forth, whereby the centrifugal chamber cover 18 is already in the opens or closes as described.
  • the screw 34 is axially slidably mounted in a part 33 via a key 35, which in turn is firmly connected to the carrier shaft 9.
  • the screw spindle 34 is non-rotatably connected to the carrier shaft 9, but can move axially relative to it over a limited distance.
  • the washer 41 is held by the nut 39, on which one end of the plate spring 42 is supported.
  • the other end of the plate spring 42 lies in the cavity 48 of the carrier shaft 9 against an inner shoulder 49 or the like, so that the plate spring 42, just as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, strives to pretension the carrier shaft 9 in such a way that in the working phase of centrifuging ( Figure 1) the centrifugal chamber cover 18 is held in fixed contact with the opening edge of the centrifugal drum 11.
  • FIG. 4 represents a "kinematic reversal" to a certain extent compared to the embodiment according to FIG. In terms of their function and advantages, both versions correspond to each other.
  • sleeve 36 which acts as a rotatingly driven nut in FIG. 4, could also be arranged between stationary machine frame 2 (see FIG. 1) and drum 11, if there the carrier shaft 9 emerging from the hollow shaft 3 is provided with a corresponding external thread which is in engagement with the sleeve acting as a nut. In this case too, the sleeve would be driven via a pulley 43 and a correspondingly arranged motor 44.

Abstract

A sleeve filter centrifuge comprises a drum with radial filtrate passages (12) which is rotatably mounted in a housing (1), a sleeve filter cloth (15) which covers the filtrate passages, a lid (18) which closes the front of the drum and has a filling opening for suspensions to be filtered, and a filling pipe (19) which penetrates the filling opening. In order to turn up the filter cloth, the drum and lid can be displaced axially relative to each other by means of a hollow shaft (3) driven in rotation and a support shaft (9) which telescopes in and out of said hollow shaft. A threaded spindle (34) is arranged on the support shaft (9) and a nut (33, 36) is engaged with this threaded spindle (34). Either the threaded spindle (34) or the nut (33, 36) can be driven in rotation by a motor (44) in such a manner that the support shaft (9) telescopes in and out of the hollow shaft (3) in function of the rotational speed of the threaded spindle (34) or nut relative to the rotational speed of the hollow shaft (3).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Stülpfilterzentrifuge nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an inverting filter centrifuge according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Bei bekannten Stülpfilterzentrifugen dieser Art (DE-PS 27 09 894) wird die mit dem Deckel der Trommel fest verbundene Trägerwelle in der die Trommel tragenden Hohlwelle mit Hilfe eines hydraulischen Antriebs teleskopierend hinund herverschoben, wenn die Trommel unter Umstülpung des Filtertuches geöffnet oder geschlossen werden soll. Da bei hydraulischen Antriebseinrichtungen Leckagen prinzipiell nicht ausgeschlossen werden können, und zwar sowohl im Bereich des eigentlichen Antriebszylinders wie auch in den zu diesem Zylinder hinführenden Leitungen und in diesen angeordneten Ventilen, kann es hierdurch grundsätzlich zu Störungen kommen, die insbesondere bei der Filtrierung sensibler Produkte, beispielsweise Pharmazeutika, oder bei unter sterilen Bedingungen ablaufenden Prozessen außerordentlich schwerwiegend sind.In known inverting filter centrifuges of this type (DE-PS 27 09 894), the carrier shaft firmly connected to the cover of the drum is telescopically pushed out and out in the hollow shaft carrying the drum with the aid of a hydraulic drive if the drum is to be opened or closed by turning the filter cloth inside out . Since leaks cannot in principle be ruled out in hydraulic drive devices, both in the area of the actual drive cylinder as well as in the lines leading to this cylinder and in valves arranged in them, this can in principle lead to malfunctions, particularly when filtering sensitive products, For example, pharmaceuticals, or are extremely serious in processes that run under sterile conditions.

Die Erfindung geht daher von der Aufgabe aus, eine gattungsgemäße Stülpfilterzentrifuge so zu verbessern, daß der bisher dem Öffnen und Schließen der Trommel zugeordnete hydraulische Antrieb entfällt und somit störende Leckagen der Hydraulikflüssigkeit ausgeschlossen sind.The invention is therefore based on the object of improving a generic inverting filter centrifuge in such a way that the hydraulic drive previously associated with the opening and closing of the drum is dispensed with, and consequently disruptive leakages of the hydraulic fluid are excluded.

Die Erfindung wird durch die Merkmale im Kennzeichnungsteil des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.The invention is solved by the features in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Die nachstehende Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung dient im Zusammenhang mit beiliegender Zeichnung der weiteren Erläuterung. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische Schnittansicht einer Stülpfilterzentrifuge in der Arbeitsphase des Zentrifugierens;
Figur 2
schematisch die Zentrifuge aus Figur 1 in der Arbeitsphase des Feststoffabwurfs;
Figur 3
schematisch eine vergrößerte Ansicht einer mechanischen Antriebseinrichtung zum Öffnen und Schließen der Trommel der Stülpfilterzentrifuge, und
Figur 4
schematisch eine gegenüber Figur 3 abgewandelte Ausführungsform.
The following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention serves in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for further explanation. Show it:
Figure 1
a schematic sectional view of an inverting filter centrifuge in the working phase of centrifugation;
Figure 2
schematically the centrifuge of Figure 1 in the working phase of solids discharge;
Figure 3
schematically shows an enlarged view of a mechanical drive device for opening and closing the drum of the inverting filter centrifuge, and
Figure 4
schematically an embodiment modified compared to Figure 3.

Die auf der Zeichnung dargestellte Stülpfilterzentrifuge umfaßt ein schematisch angedeutetes, die gesamte Maschine dicht umschließendes Gehäuse 1, in dem auf einem stationären Maschinengestell 2 eine Hohlwelle 3 in Lagern 4, 5 drehbar gelagert ist. Mit dem über das Lager 5 hinausragenden Ende der Hohlwelle 3 ist ein Antriebsrad 6 drehfest verbunden, über welches die Hohlwelle 3 mittels eines Keilriemens von einem Elektro- oder anderen Motor 7 in raschen Umlauf versetzbar ist.The inverting filter centrifuge shown in the drawing comprises a schematically indicated housing 1 which tightly encloses the entire machine, in which a hollow shaft 3 is rotatably mounted in bearings 4, 5 on a stationary machine frame 2. With the end of the hollow shaft 3 protruding beyond the bearing 5, a drive wheel 6 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner, via which the hollow shaft 3 can be put into rapid rotation by an electric or other motor 7 by means of a V-belt.

Die zwischen den Lagern 4, 5 starr durchgehende Hohlwelle 3 weist eine gestrichtelt angedeutete, axial verlaufende Keilnut auf, in welcher ein Keilstück 8 axial verschieblich ist. Dieses Keilstück 8 ist starr mit einer im Inneren der Hohlwelle 3 verschiebbaren Trägerwelle 9 verbunden. Die Trägerwelle 9 läuft daher gemeinsam mit der Hohlwelle 3 um, ist jedoch in dieser axial verschieblich.The hollow shaft 3 which is rigidly continuous between the bearings 4, 5 has an axially running keyway, indicated by a broken line, in which a wedge piece 8 is axially displaceable. This wedge piece 8 is rigidly connected to a carrier shaft 9 which is displaceable inside the hollow shaft 3. The carrier shaft 9 therefore rotates together with the hollow shaft 3, but is axially displaceable in the latter.

Auf dem in Figur 1 und 2 links gelegenen, über das Lager 4 hinausragenden Ende der Hohlwelle 3 ist drehfest der geschlossene Boden einer topfförmigen Schleudertrommel 11 angeflanscht. An ihrem zylindrischen Mantel weist die Trommel 11 radial verlaufende Durchlaßöffnungen 12 auf. An ihrer dem Boden gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite ist die Trommel 11 offen. An dem diese offene Stirnseite umgebenden, flanschartigen Öffnungsrand 13 ist mittels eines Halteringes 14 der Rand eines im wesentlichen kreiszylindrisch ausgebildeten Filtertuchs 15 dicht eingespannt. Der andere Rand des Filtertuchs 15 ist in entsprechender Weise dicht mit einem Bodenstück 16 verbunden, welches starr mit der verschiebbaren, den Boden der Schleudertrommel 11 frei durchdringenden, verschiebbaren Trägerwelle 9 verbunden ist.The closed bottom of a pot-shaped centrifugal drum 11 is flange-mounted on the end of the hollow shaft 3 which is on the left in FIGS. 1 and 2 and projects beyond the bearing 4. The drum 11 has radially extending passage openings 12 on its cylindrical jacket. The drum 11 is open on its end face opposite the floor. On the flange-like opening edge 13 surrounding this open end face, the edge of an essentially circular-cylindrical filter cloth 15 is tightly clamped by means of a retaining ring 14. The other edge of the filter cloth 15 is in a corresponding manner tightly connected to a base piece 16 which is rigidly connected to the displaceable, displaceable carrier shaft 9 which freely penetrates the bottom of the centrifugal drum 11.

An dem Bodenstück 16 ist über Stehbolzen 17 unter Freilassung eines Zwischenraumes starr ein Schleuderraumdeckel 18 befestigt, der in Figur 1 den Schleuderraum der Trommel 11 durch Auflage an deren Öffnungsrand dicht verschließt und in Figur 2 gemeinsam mit dem Bodenstück 16 durch axiales Herausschieben der Trägerwelle 9 aus der Hohlwelle 3 frei von der Trommel 11 abgehoben ist.A centrifugal chamber cover 18 is rigidly attached to the base piece 16 by means of stud bolts 17, leaving a space free, which in FIG. 1 tightly closes the centrifugal space of the drum 11 by resting on its opening edge and in FIG. 2 together with the base part 16 by axially pushing out the carrier shaft 9 the hollow shaft 3 is lifted freely from the drum 11.

An der in Figur 1 und 2 links gelegenen Vorderseite der Stülpfilterzentrifuge ist ein Füllrohr 19 angeordnet, welches zum Zuführen einer in ihre Feststoffund Flüssigkeitsbestandteile zu zerlegenden Suspension in den Schleuderraum der Trommel 11 dient (Figur 1) und in dem in Figur 2 dargestellten Betriebszustand in eine Bohrung 21 der verschiebbaren Trägerwelle 9 eindringt.A filling tube 19 is arranged on the front side of the inverting filter centrifuge, which is located on the left in FIGS. 1 and 2, and which is used to feed a suspension into the centrifugal space of the drum 11 to be broken down into its solid and liquid components serves (Figure 1) and in the operating state shown in Figure 2 penetrates into a bore 21 of the slidable carrier shaft 9.

Die Antriebseinrichtung, welche die Verschiebung der Trägerwelle 9 in der Hohlwelle 3 und damit das Öffnen und Schließen der Schleudertrommel und damit den Übergang zwischen den beiden in Figur 1 und 2 dargestellten Betriebszuständen vermittelt, wird im einzelnen später beschrieben.The drive device which mediates the displacement of the carrier shaft 9 in the hollow shaft 3 and thus the opening and closing of the centrifugal drum and thus the transition between the two operating states shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described in detail later.

Im Betrieb nimmt die Stülpfilterzentrifuge zunächst die in Figur 1 gezeichnete Stellunge ein. Die verschiebbare Trägerwelle 9 ist in die Hohlwelle 3 zurückgezogen, wodurch das mit der Trägerwelle 9 verbundene Bodenstück 16 in der Nähe des Bodens der Schleudertrommel 11 liegt. Der Schleuderraumdeckel 16 hat sich dabei dicht auf den Öffnungsrand der Trommel 11 aufgelegt. Bei rotierender Trommel wird über das Füllrohr 19 zu filtrierende Suspension eingeführt. Die flüssigen Bestandteile der Suspension treten in Richtung der Pfeile 22 durch die Öffnungen 12 der Trommel hindurch und werden von einem Prallblech 23 in eine Abführleitung 24 geleitet. Die Feststoffteilchen der Suspension werden vom Filtertuch 15 aufgehalten.In operation, the inverting filter centrifuge initially assumes the position shown in FIG. 1. The displaceable carrier shaft 9 is retracted into the hollow shaft 3, as a result of which the bottom piece 16 connected to the carrier shaft 9 lies in the vicinity of the bottom of the centrifugal drum 11. The centrifugal chamber cover 16 has placed itself tightly on the opening edge of the drum 11. With the drum rotating, suspension to be filtered is introduced via the filling tube 19. The liquid constituents of the suspension pass through the openings 12 of the drum in the direction of the arrows 22 and are passed from a baffle plate 23 into a discharge line 24. The solid particles of the suspension are stopped by the filter cloth 15.

Bei weiterhin rotierender Schleudertrommel 11 wird nun entsprechend Figur 2 die Trägerwelle 9 (nach links) verschoben, wodurch sich das Filtertuch 15 nach außen umstülpt und die an ihm haftenden Feststoffteilchen nach auswärts in Richtung der Pfeile 25 in das Gehäuse 1 abgeschleudert werden. Von da aus können sie leicht abgefördert werden. In der Stellung nach Figur 2 ist das Füllrohr 19 durch entsprechende Öffnungen im Deckel 18 und im Bodenstück 16 in die Bohrung 21 der Trägerwelle 9 eingedrungen.With the centrifugal drum 11 still rotating, the carrier shaft 9 is now moved (to the left) according to FIG. 2, as a result of which the filter cloth 15 is turned inside out and the solid particles adhering to it are thrown outwards in the direction of the arrows 25 into the housing 1. From there they can be easily removed. In the position according to FIG. 2, the filling tube 19 has penetrated through corresponding openings in the cover 18 and in the base piece 16 into the bore 21 of the carrier shaft 9.

Nach beendetem Abwurf der Feststoffteilchen unter dem Einfluß der Zentrifugalkraft wird die Filterzentrifuge durch Zurückschieben der Trägerwelle 9 wieder in die Betriebsstellung entsprechend Figur 1 gebracht, wobei sich das Filtertuch 15 in entgegengesetzter Richtung zurückstülpt. Auf diese Weise ist ein Betrieb der Zentrifuge mit ständig rotierender Schleudertrommel 11 möglich, wobei in der Arbeitsphase des Zentrifugierens gemäß Figur 1 die Schleudertrommel 11 vom Motor 7 mit erheblich größerer Drehzahl angetrieben wird als im Betriebszustand des Feststoffabwurfes gemäß Figur 2. In der letzteren Arbeitsphase rotiert die Schleudertrommel 11 erheblich langsamer.After the dropping of the solid particles under the influence the centrifugal force, the filter centrifuge is brought back into the operating position corresponding to FIG. 1 by pushing back the carrier shaft 9, the filter cloth 15 turning back in the opposite direction. In this way, operation of the centrifuge with a continuously rotating centrifugal drum 11 is possible, the centrifuging according to FIG. 1 in the working phase of centrifuging 11 being driven by motor 7 at a considerably higher speed than in the operating state of the solids discharge according to FIG. 2. Rotating in the latter working phase the centrifugal drum 11 considerably slower.

Wie insbesondere aus Figur 3 hervorgeht, ist an das vom Lager 5 abgestützte Ende der Hohlwelle 3 starr und drehfest eine Buchse 31 nach rückwärts abstehend angeflanscht, die einen axial verlaufenden Schlitz 32 aufweist. Mit dem hinteren Ende der Trägerwelle 9 ist starr eine Mutter 33 mit radial abstehendem Keilstück 30 verbunden, welches in die Keilnut 32 eingreift, so daß das Keilstück 30 eine drehfeste Verbindung zwischen Mutter 33 und Trägerwelle 9 einerseits und Buchse 31 und Hohlwelle 3 andererseits vermittelt, wobei jedoch die Mutter 33 und damit die Trägerwelle 9 in der Buchse 31 axial verschieblich sind.As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, a bushing 31, which has an axially extending slot 32, is flanged rigidly and non-rotatably to the end of the hollow shaft 3 supported by the bearing 5. With the rear end of the carrier shaft 9, a nut 33 is rigidly connected to a radially projecting wedge piece 30 which engages in the keyway 32, so that the wedge piece 30 provides a rotationally fixed connection between the nut 33 and the carrier shaft 9 on the one hand and the bushing 31 and the hollow shaft 3 on the other hand, however, the nut 33 and thus the carrier shaft 9 are axially displaceable in the bush 31.

In das Innengewinde der Mutter 33 greift eine mit entsprechendem Außengewinde versehene Schraubspindel 34 ein, die über eine herkömmliche Paßfederverbindung 35 drehfest, jedoch axial geringfügig verschieblich mit einer Hülse 36 verbunden ist. Die Hülse 36 ist ihrerseits mit Hilfe von Lagern 37, 38 drehbar in einem an die Buchse 31 fest angeflanschten Endstück 45 gelagert. Auf dem rückwärtigen, über die Hülse 36 vorstehenden Ende der Schraubspindel 34 ist mittels einer Mutter 39 eine Scheibe 41 gehalten. Zwischen der hinteren Stirnseite der Hülse 36 und der Scheibe 41 ist eine Tellerfeder 42 oder dergleichen angeordnet, welche die Schraubspindel 34 relativ zur Hülse 36 (in Figur 3 nach rechts gerichtet) vorspannt, wobei die erwähnte Paßfederverbindung 35 zwischen Schraubspindel 34 und Hülse 36 eine geringfügige Axialbewegung zwischen Schraubspindel 34 und Hülse 36 ermöglicht.A screw spindle 34 with a corresponding external thread engages in the internal thread of the nut 33 and is connected to a sleeve 36 in a rotationally fixed but axially slightly displaceable manner via a conventional parallel key connection 35. The sleeve 36 is in turn rotatably supported by means of bearings 37, 38 in an end piece 45 which is fixedly flanged to the bushing 31. A washer 41 is held on the rear end of the screw spindle 34 projecting beyond the sleeve 36 by means of a nut 39. Between the rear end face of the sleeve 36 and the disk 41, a plate spring 42 or the like is arranged, which the screw spindle 34 relative to the sleeve 36 (in 3 directed to the right), wherein the aforementioned key connection 35 between the screw spindle 34 and the sleeve 36 enables a slight axial movement between the screw spindle 34 and the sleeve 36.

Auf der Hülse 36 sitzt drehfest eine Riemenscheibe 43, die über Keilriemen mit einem weiteren Elektro- oder anderen Motor 44 (Fig. 1) verbunden ist, der somit die Hülse 36 und damit die mit ihr über die Paßfeder 35 drehfest verbundene Schraubspindel 34 drehend antreibt.On the sleeve 36 sits a pulley 43, which is connected via a V-belt to another electric or other motor 44 (FIG. 1), which thus drives the sleeve 36 and thus the screw spindle 34 connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner via the feather key 35 .

Die Tellerfeder 42, welche die Schraubspindel 34 und damit über die Mutter 33 auch die Trägerwelle 9 (in Figur 3 nach rechts) vorspannt, hat den Zweck, bei der Arbeitsphase des Zentrifugierens (Figur 1) den Deckel 18 gegen im Trommelinneren auftretenden hydraulischen Druck in fester Anlage am Öffnungsrand der Schleudertrommel 11 zu halten. Bei einfacheren Ausführungsformen der Erfindung könnte die Schraubspindel 34 auch unmittelbar, also ohne Zwischenschaltung der Hülse 36, in den Lagern 37 und 38 drehend gelagert sein. In diesem Falle würde die Riemenscheibe 43 direkt auf der Schraubspindel 34 sitzen und die zu dem genannten Zweck eingesetzte Tellerfeder 42 würde entfallen.The plate spring 42, which prestresses the screw spindle 34 and thus also the carrier shaft 9 (to the right in FIG. 3) via the nut 33, has the purpose, in the working phase of centrifuging (FIG. 1), of the cover 18 against hydraulic pressure occurring inside the drum to hold fixed system at the opening edge of the centrifugal drum 11. In simpler embodiments of the invention, the screw spindle 34 could also be rotatably mounted directly in the bearings 37 and 38, that is, without the interposition of the sleeve 36. In this case, the pulley 43 would sit directly on the screw spindle 34 and the plate spring 42 used for the purpose mentioned would be omitted.

Wie weiterhin dargestellt, ist die Buchse 31 mit Hilfe des an sie angeflanschten Endstückes 45 in einem eigenen Drehlager 46 drehend gelagert, welches seinerseits über einen Ständer 47 am Maschinengestell 2 abgestützt ist, so daß die von der Riemenscheibe 43 und dem Motor 44 ausgeübten Antriebskräfte in der Nähe des Lagers 46 aufgefangen werden können.As further shown, the socket 31 is rotatably supported by means of the end piece 45 flanged to it in its own rotary bearing 46, which in turn is supported by a stand 47 on the machine frame 2, so that the drive forces exerted by the pulley 43 and the motor 44 in the vicinity of the bearing 46 can be collected.

Wenn die Schraubspindel 34 über die Riemenscheibe 43 und den Motor 44 relativ zur Hohlwelle 3 und der mit ihr verbundenen Buchse 31, in welcher die Schraubspindel 34 drehend gelagert ist, in der einen oder anderen Richtung verdreht wird, verschiebt sich wegen des Eingriffes der Schraubspindel 34 in die Mutter 33 die mit dieser verbundene Trägerwelle 9 in der einen oder anderen Richtung, so daß der mit der Trägerwelle 9 verbundene Deckel 18 die gewünschte Öffnungsoder Schließbewegung ausführt.When the screw 34 via the pulley 43 and the motor 44 relative to the hollow shaft 3 and the bushing 31 connected to it, in which the screw 34 rotates is rotated in one direction or the other, because of the engagement of the screw spindle 34 in the nut 33, the carrier shaft 9 connected to it shifts in one direction or the other, so that the cover 18 connected to the carrier shaft 9 has the desired opening or closing movement executes.

Im Betrieb der Stülpfilterzentrifuge rotieren jedoch die Hohlwelle 3, welche die Schleudertrommel 11 trägt, und die mit ihr starr verbundene Buchse 31 sowie die in der Hohlwelle 3 axial teleskopierende, mit dem Deckel 18 verbundene Trägerwelle 9 ständig in einem bestimmten Drehsinn. Es kommt also beim Öffnen und Schließen des Deckels 18 auf die Relativgeschwindigkeit dieser Teile, also insbesondere der Trägerwelle 9, und der Schraubspindel 34 und vor allem darauf an, ob die Schraubspindel 34 mit kleinerer oder größerer Drehzahl als die Trägerwelle 9 angetrieben wird. Bei gleicher Drehzahl von Trägerwelle 9 und Schraubspindel 34 erfolgt keine Axialverschiebung der Trägerwelle 9 in der Hohlwelle 3. Erst wenn die Drehzahl der Schraubspindel 34 größer als die Drehzahl der Trägerwelle 9 ist, verschiebt diese sich in der Hohlwelle 3 im Sinne einer Öffnung des Deckels 18. Ist hingegen die Drehzahl der Schraubspindel 34 kleiner als die Drehzahl der Trägerwelle 9 oder wird die Schraubspindel 34 gegenläufig zur Trägerwelle 9 angetrieben, so verschiebt sich die Trägerwelle und mit ihr der Deckel 18 im entgegengesetzten Sinne, so daß der Deckel 18 die Schleudertrommel 11 verschließt. Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung rotieren Trägerwelle 9 und Schraubspindel 34 stets in gleichem Drehsinn.During operation of the inverting filter centrifuge, however, the hollow shaft 3, which carries the centrifugal drum 11, and the bushing 31 rigidly connected to it, as well as the carrier shaft 9 axially telescoping in the hollow shaft 3 and connected to the cover 18, rotate constantly in a certain direction of rotation. When opening and closing the cover 18, the relative speed of these parts, in particular the carrier shaft 9, and the screw spindle 34 and, above all, whether the screw spindle 34 is driven at a lower or greater speed than the carrier shaft 9 is important. At the same speed of the carrier shaft 9 and screw spindle 34, there is no axial displacement of the carrier shaft 9 in the hollow shaft 3. Only when the speed of the screw spindle 34 is greater than the speed of the carrier shaft 9 does it move in the hollow shaft 3 in the sense of opening the cover 18 If, on the other hand, the speed of the screw spindle 34 is lower than the speed of the carrier shaft 9 or if the screw spindle 34 is driven in the opposite direction to the carrier shaft 9, the carrier shaft and with it the cover 18 are displaced in the opposite sense, so that the cover 18 closes the centrifugal drum 11 . In the preferred embodiment of the invention, carrier shaft 9 and screw spindle 34 always rotate in the same direction.

Somit ist also der bisher für das Öffnen und Schließen der Schleuderraumtrommel erforderliche hydraulische Antrieb durch einen einfachen mechanischen Antrieb ersetzt, welcher die auf Leckage beruhenden Nachteile des hydraulischen Antriebs nicht mehr hat. Dies ist aber nicht der einzige Vorteil des beschriebenen mechanischen Schraubspindelantriebs. Im Gegensatz zum hydraulischen Antrieb, bei welchem die Trägerwelle 9 über einen am rückwärtigen Ende der Hohlwelle 3 angeflanschten Hydraulikzylinder verschoben wird, verlaufen die beim Öffnen und Schließen sowie beim Zuhalten der Trommel benötigten Kräfte nicht über die Hauptdrehlager 4, 5, sondern werden intern vom Schraubspindelantrieb aufgefangen.Thus, the hydraulic drive previously required for opening and closing the centrifugal chamber drum is replaced by a simple mechanical drive, which does not have the disadvantages of the hydraulic drive based on leakage has more. However, this is not the only advantage of the mechanical screw drive described. In contrast to the hydraulic drive, in which the carrier shaft 9 is displaced via a hydraulic cylinder flanged to the rear end of the hollow shaft 3, the forces required for opening and closing as well as for locking the drum do not run via the main pivot bearings 4, 5, but are internally driven by the screw drive caught.

Da sich Trägerwelle 9 und Schraubspindel 34 bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform gleichzeitig und gleichsinnig drehen und es bei Auslösen einer Axialverschiebung der Trägerwelle 9 in der Hohlwelle 3 lediglich auf die Differenzdrehzahl zwischen diesen Teilen 9 und 34 im positiven und negativen Sinne ankommt, wird auch bei relativ großer absoluter Drehzahl der Schraubspindel 34 nur ein relativ kleiner Axialhub der Trägerwelle 9 bewirkt. Die Schraubspindel 34 verhält sich also insoweit wie eine Schraube mit sehr geringer Steigung (Feingewinde), was wiederum bedeutet, daß für ihren Antrieb nur geringe Kräfte erforderlich sind, und also der die Schraubspindel 34 antreibende Motor 44 verhältnismäßig schwach ausgebildet werden kann, und zwar auch dann, wenn Trägerwelle 9 und Schraubspindel 34 gegenläufig angetrieben werden.Since the carrier shaft 9 and screw spindle 34 rotate simultaneously and in the same direction in the embodiment shown, and when an axial displacement of the carrier shaft 9 in the hollow shaft 3 is triggered, only the difference in speed between these parts 9 and 34 in a positive and negative sense is important, even with a relatively large one absolute speed of the screw spindle 34 causes only a relatively small axial stroke of the carrier shaft 9. To this extent, the screw spindle 34 behaves like a screw with a very small pitch (fine thread), which in turn means that only small forces are required to drive it, and therefore the motor 44 driving the screw spindle 34 can be made relatively weak, and indeed also when the carrier shaft 9 and screw spindle 34 are driven in opposite directions.

Am Ende der jeweiligen Hubbewegung "Öffnen" oder "Schließen" der Schleudertrommel, oder auch bei Schwergängigkeit der Hubbewegung verändert sich die Differenzdrehzahl zwischen Hohlwelle 3 und Trägerwelle 9 einerseits und Schraubspindel 34 andererseits gegen Null, so daß schließlich eine synchrone Drehung dieser Teile stattfindet. Dabei tritt automatisch eine Krafterhöhung auf, die insbesondere nach Erreichen des Schließzustandes der Schleudertrommel bewirkt, daß der Schleuderraumdeckel 18 fest gegen den Öffnungsrand der Schleudertrommel 11 gepreßt wird, auch wenn der die Schraubspindel 34 antreibende Motor 44 verhältnismäßig schwach ist.At the end of the respective stroke movement "opening" or "closing" the centrifugal drum, or even when the stroke movement is difficult, the differential speed between hollow shaft 3 and carrier shaft 9 on the one hand and screw spindle 34 on the other hand changes to zero, so that finally a synchronous rotation of these parts takes place. In this case, an increase in force occurs automatically, which, in particular after the centrifugal drum has reached the closed state, causes the centrifuge chamber cover 18 to be pressed firmly against the opening edge of the centrifugal drum 11, even when the motor 44 driving the screw spindle 34 is relatively weak.

Sobald die Schleudertrommel 11 und mit ihr die Trägerwelle 9 rascher als die Schraubspindel 34 zu rotieren versuchen, findet eine selbsttätige Zuhaltung des Schleuderraumdeckels 18 auf der Schleudertrommel 11 statt, und zwar auch bei größeren, im Schleuderraum wirksamen Hydraulikkräften. Die beschriebene Schraubspindel Verschlußanordnung wirkt also wie eine (mit Feingewinde versehene) Schraubspindel mit Selbsthemmung, die eine zusätzliche Radialverriegelung nicht erfordert. Insbesondere ist im Gegensatz zu einer hydraulischen Verschlußanordnung bei der beschriebenen Schraubspindel-Verschlußanordnung keine zusätzliche Sicherheitseinrichtung, wie beispielsweise ein Fliehkraftregler oder dergleichen erforderlich, der dafür sorgt, daß ein Öffnen der Schleudertrommel nur unterhalb einer bestimmten Drehzahl der Trommel möglich ist, denn erfindungsgemäß wird der Schleuderraumdeckel 18 von dem beschriebenen Schraubspindelantrieb immer automatisch und fest auf den Öffnungsrand der Schleudertrommel 11 gepreßt, solange die Schraubspindel 34 langsamer als die Trägerwelle 9 und die mit ihr verbundenen Teile oder gegenläufig hierzu rotiert.As soon as the centrifugal drum 11 and with it the carrier shaft 9 attempt to rotate faster than the screw spindle 34, the centrifuge chamber cover 18 is automatically locked on the centrifugal drum 11, even with larger hydraulic forces effective in the centrifugal chamber. The screw spindle closure arrangement described thus acts like a screw screw (provided with a fine thread) with self-locking, which does not require an additional radial locking. In particular, in contrast to a hydraulic closure arrangement, no additional safety device, such as a centrifugal force regulator or the like, is required in the screw spindle closure arrangement described, which ensures that the centrifugal drum can only be opened below a certain rotational speed of the drum, because according to the invention the centrifugal chamber cover becomes 18 of the described screw drive always and automatically pressed firmly onto the opening edge of the centrifugal drum 11, as long as the screw 34 rotates slower than the carrier shaft 9 and the parts connected to it or in opposite directions.

In Figur 3 ist der Öffnungszustand der Schleudertrommel entsprechend Figur 2 dargestellt, bei dem also die Trägerwelle 9 von der Schraubspindel 34 in Figur 3 ganz nach links verschoben ist. Wie dargestellt, weist die Trägerwelle 9 vor der mit ihr verbundenen Mutter 3 einen Hohlraum 48 auf, in den die Schraubspindel 34 eintritt, wenn die Trägerwelle (in Figur 3 nach rechts) im Verlauf der Schließbewegung der Schleudertrommel zurückgeholt wird, wobei sich die Mutter 33 in der eine rückwärtige Verlängerung der Hohlwelle 3 bildenden Buchse 31 entsprechend verschiebt.FIG. 3 shows the opening state of the centrifugal drum corresponding to FIG. 2, in which case the carrier shaft 9 is displaced completely to the left by the screw spindle 34 in FIG. 3. As shown, the carrier shaft 9 has a cavity 48 in front of the nut 3 connected to it, into which the screw spindle 34 enters when the carrier shaft (to the right in FIG. 3) is withdrawn in the course of the closing movement of the centrifugal drum, the nut 33 in the rear extension of the hollow shaft 3 forming socket 31 moves accordingly.

Bei einer, nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann die Schraubspindel eine Spindel ohne Selbsthemmung sein, was beispielsweise durch eine herkömmliche Kugelumlaufspindel realisiert werden kann. In diesem Fall wird die für das sichere Zuhalten der Schleudertrommel 11 erforderliche Zuhaltekraft durch den ständig eingeschalteten Motor 44 aufgebracht, der die Schraubspindel 34 mit kleinerer Drehzahl antreibt, als der Elektromotor 7 die Hohlwelle 3 und damit die Trägerwelle 9. Es ist auch möglich, auf den Motor 44 oder auf einen entsprechenden Abschnitt der Schraubspindel 34 eine separate, zuschaltbare Bremse einwirken zu lassen. So kann insbesondere dann, wenn der Motor 44 ein frequenzgeregelter Elektromotor ist, dieser Motor selbst als Bremse dienen.In an embodiment of the invention, not shown the screw spindle can be a spindle without self-locking, which can be achieved, for example, by a conventional ball screw. In this case, the locking force required for the safe locking of the centrifugal drum 11 is applied by the constantly switched on motor 44, which drives the screw spindle 34 at a lower speed than the electric motor 7, the hollow shaft 3 and thus the carrier shaft 9. It is also possible to to let the motor 44 or a corresponding section of the screw spindle 34 act on a separate, switchable brake. In particular, if the motor 44 is a frequency-controlled electric motor, this motor itself can serve as a brake.

Normalerweise leitet der Motor 44 die Öffnungsbewegung der Schleudertrommel 11 erst dann ein, wenn er die Schraubspindel 34 mit größerer Drehzahl antreibt, als die Schleuderraumtrommel und mit ihr die Trägerwelle 9 umlaufen. Wenn also während der Arbeitsphase des Zentrifugierens (Figur 1) der Motor 44 mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit angetrieben wird, bewirkt er so lange eine feste Zuhaltung der Trommel, als deren Geschwindigkeit größer als die Umlaufgeschwindigkeit der Schraubspindel 34 ist. Erst wenn beim Übergang in die Arbeitsphase des Feststoffabwurfs (Figur 2) die Drehzahl der Schleudertrommel 11 unter die Drehzahl der Schraubspindel 34 sinkt, findet die Öffnungsbewegung der Schleudertrommel statt.Normally, the motor 44 only initiates the opening movement of the centrifugal drum 11 when it drives the screw spindle 34 at a higher speed than the centrifugal chamber drum and with it revolve around the carrier shaft 9. If, therefore, the motor 44 is driven at a constant speed during the centrifuging work phase (FIG. 1), it causes the drum to be locked firmly as long as its speed is greater than the rotational speed of the screw spindle 34. Only when the speed of the centrifugal drum 11 drops below the speed of the screw spindle 34 during the transition to the working phase of solids discharge (FIG. 2) does the centrifugal drum open.

Es ist ferner auch möglich, den die Schraubspindel 34 antreibenden Motor 44 nach Erreichen des Schließ- oder Öffnungszustandes der Trommel jeweils ganz abzuschalten. Wegen der Selbsthemmung der Schraubspindel 34 in der Mutter 33 wird die Schraubspindel 34 und mit ihr der Motor 44 dann von der durch den Motor 7 angetriebenen Hohlwelle 3 im Leerlauf mitgenommen.It is also possible to switch off the motor 44 driving the screw spindle 34 completely after reaching the closed or open state of the drum. Because of the self-locking of the screw spindle 34 in the nut 33, the screw spindle 34 and with it the motor 44 is then taken along by the hollow shaft 3 driven by the motor 7 in idle.

Die Figur 4 zeigt eine weiterhin abgewandelte Ausführungsform der Erfindung. In Figur 4 sind einander entsprechende Teile mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen wie in Figur 1 bis 3 bezeichnet. Während bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3 die Schraubspindel 34 über die Riemenscheibe 43 und den Motor 44 rotierend angetrieben wird, um die Trägerwelle 9 in der Hohlwelle 3 zu verschieben, ist bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 4 die Schraubspindel 34 drehfest mit der Trägerwelle 9 verbunden, und die als Mutter ausgebildete Hülse 36 weist ein Innengewinde auf, daß mit dem Außengewinde der Schraubspindel 34 in Eingriff ist. Die Hülse 36 ist axial unverschieblich im Endstück 45 gelagert und wird über die Riemenscheibe 43 und den Motor 44 in Umlauf versetzt, so daß die Schraubspindel 34 und mit ihr die Trägerwelle 9 axial hin- und herverschoben werden, wodurch sich der Schleuderraumdeckel 18 in der bereits beschriebenen Weise öffnet oder schließt.FIG. 4 shows a further modified embodiment the invention. In FIG. 4, parts that correspond to one another are designated by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 3. While in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 the screw spindle 34 is driven in rotation via the belt pulley 43 and the motor 44 in order to move the carrier shaft 9 in the hollow shaft 3, in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 the screw spindle 34 is connected to the carrier shaft 9 in a rotationally fixed manner, and the sleeve 36 designed as a nut has an internal thread that engages with the external thread of the screw spindle 34. The sleeve 36 is mounted axially immovable in the end piece 45 and is rotated via the pulley 43 and the motor 44, so that the screw spindle 34 and with it the carrier shaft 9 are pushed axially back and forth, whereby the centrifugal chamber cover 18 is already in the opens or closes as described.

Wie in Figur 4 dargestellt, ist die Schraubspindel 34 über eine Paßfeder 35 axial gleitverschieblich in einem Teil 33 gelagert, daß seinerseits fest mit der Trägerwelle 9 verbunden ist. Auf diese Weise ist die Schraubspindel 34 drehfest mit der Trägerwelle 9 verbunden, kann sich jedoch relativ zu dieser über ein begrenztes Wegstück hinweg axial verschieben. Im Inneren der Trägerwelle 9 ist durch die Mutter 39 die Scheibe 41 gehalten, an der sich das eine Ende der Tellerfeder 42 abstützt. Das andere Ende der Tellerfeder 42 liegt im Hohlraum 48 der Trägerwelle 9 an einer Innenschulter 49 oder dergleichen an, so daß die Tellerfeder 42 ebenso wie bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3 bestrebt ist, die Trägerwelle 9 derart vorzuspannen, daß in der Arbeitsphase des Zentrifugierens (Figur 1) der Schleuderraumdeckel 18 in fester Anlage am Öffnungsrand der Schleudertrommel 11 gehalten ist.As shown in Figure 4, the screw 34 is axially slidably mounted in a part 33 via a key 35, which in turn is firmly connected to the carrier shaft 9. In this way, the screw spindle 34 is non-rotatably connected to the carrier shaft 9, but can move axially relative to it over a limited distance. In the interior of the carrier shaft 9, the washer 41 is held by the nut 39, on which one end of the plate spring 42 is supported. The other end of the plate spring 42 lies in the cavity 48 of the carrier shaft 9 against an inner shoulder 49 or the like, so that the plate spring 42, just as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, strives to pretension the carrier shaft 9 in such a way that in the working phase of centrifuging ( Figure 1) the centrifugal chamber cover 18 is held in fixed contact with the opening edge of the centrifugal drum 11.

Die Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 4 stellt gegenüber der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 3 gewissermaßen eine "kinematische Umkehr" dar. Im Hinblick auf ihre Funktion und Vorteile entsprechen beide Ausführungen einander.The embodiment according to FIG. 4 represents a "kinematic reversal" to a certain extent compared to the embodiment according to FIG. In terms of their function and advantages, both versions correspond to each other.

Bei einer weiteren (nicht dargestellten) Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen "Schraubverschlusses" von Trommel 11 und Deckel 16 könnte die in Figur 4 als rotierend angetriebene Mutter wirkende Hülse 36 auch zwischen dem stationären Maschinengestell 2 (vgl. Figur 1) und der Trommel 11 angeordnet sein, falls dort die aus der Hohlwelle 3 austretende Trägerwelle 9 mit einem entsprechenden Außengewinde versehen ist, das in Eingriff mit der als Mutter wirkenden Hülse steht. Auch in diesem Falle würde die Hülse über eine Riemenscheibe 43 und einen entsprechend angeordneten Motor 44 angetrieben.In a further (not shown) embodiment of the “screw cap” according to the invention of drum 11 and cover 16, sleeve 36, which acts as a rotatingly driven nut in FIG. 4, could also be arranged between stationary machine frame 2 (see FIG. 1) and drum 11, if there the carrier shaft 9 emerging from the hollow shaft 3 is provided with a corresponding external thread which is in engagement with the sleeve acting as a nut. In this case too, the sleeve would be driven via a pulley 43 and a correspondingly arranged motor 44.

Claims (10)

Stülpfilterzentrifuge mit einer in einem Gehäuse (1) drehbar gelagerten, radiale Filtratdurchlässe (12) aufweisenden Trommel (11), mit einem die Filtratdurchlässe abdeckenden, umstülpbaren Filtertuch (15), mit einem die eine Stirnseite der Trommel verschließenden Deckel (18), mit einer am Deckel vorgesehenen Einfüllöffnung für zu filtrierende Suspension und mit einem die Einfüllöffnung durchdringenden Füllrohr (19), wobei Trommel und Deckel mittels einer drehend angetriebenen Hohlwelle (3) und einer darin hin- und herteleskopierenden Trägerwelle (9) relativ zueinander axial verschieblich sind, um das Filtertuch umzustülpen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an der Trägerwelle (9) eine Schraubspindel (34) angeordnet und eine mit dieser Schraubspindel in Eingriff stehende Mutter (33, 36) vorgesehen sind, und daß entweder die Schraubspindel (34) oder die Mutter (36) von einem Motor (44) drehend antreibbar ist, so daß in Abhängigkeit von der Drehzahl der Schraubspindel (34) bzw. Mutter (36) relativ zur Drehzahl der Hohlwelle (3) die Trägerwelle (9) in der Hohlwelle (3) hin- und herteleskopiert.Inverting filter centrifuge with a drum (11) rotatably mounted in a housing (1) and having a radial filtrate passages (12), with a reversible filter cloth (15) covering the filtrate passages, with a cover (18) closing the end face of the drum, with a Filling opening provided on the cover for the suspension to be filtered and with a filling tube (19) penetrating the filling opening, the drum and cover being axially displaceable relative to one another by means of a rotatingly driven hollow shaft (3) and a back-and-forth telescopic carrier shaft (9) Turning the filter cloth inside out,
characterized,
that a screw spindle (34) is arranged on the carrier shaft (9) and a nut (33, 36) which engages with this screw spindle is provided, and that either the screw spindle (34) or the nut (36) is driven by a motor (44) can be driven in rotation so that, depending on the speed of the screw spindle (34) or nut (36) relative to the speed of the hollow shaft (3), the carrier shaft (9) is telescoped back and forth in the hollow shaft (3). Stülpfilterzentrifuge nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mutter (33) an dem der Trommel (11) abgekehrten, hinteren Ende der Trägerwelle (9) fest angeordnet ist und die Schraubspindel (34) in die Mutter eingreift, daß die Schraubspindel (34) in einer von der Trommel (11) weggerichteten, hinteren Verlängerung (Buchse 31) der Hohlwelle (3) drehbar gelagert ist, und daß die Schraubspindel (34) über den Motor (44) drehend antreibbar ist.Inverting filter centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the nut (33) is fixedly arranged on the rear end of the carrier shaft (9) facing away from the drum (11) and the screw spindle (34) engages in the nut such that the screw spindle (34) in a rear extension (socket 31) directed away from the drum (11) the hollow shaft (3) is rotatably mounted and that the screw spindle (34) can be driven in rotation via the motor (44). Stülpfilterzentrifuge nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schraubspindel (34) drehfest mit der Trägerwelle (9) verbunden ist und mit dem Außengewinde der Schraubspindel eine drehbar und axial unverschiebliche Mutter (36) in Eingriff steht, die über den Motor (44) drehend antreibbar ist.Inverting filter centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw spindle (34) is non-rotatably connected to the carrier shaft (9) and a rotatable and axially immovable nut (36) is engaged with the external thread of the screw spindle and rotates via the motor (44) is drivable. Stülpfilterzentrifuge nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trägerwelle (9) zwischen der Trommel (11) und der Mutter 33 einen Hohlraum (48) aufweist, in den ein freies Ende der Schraubspindel (34) bei entsprechender Verschiebung der Trägerwelle (9) relativ zur Hohlwelle (3) eindringt.Inverting filter centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that the carrier shaft (9) between the drum (11) and the nut 33 has a cavity (48) into which a free end of the screw spindle (34) with a corresponding displacement of the carrier shaft (9) relative penetrates to the hollow shaft (3). Stülpfilterzentrifuge nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an einer hinteren Verlängerung (Buchse 31) der Hohlwelle (3) eine achsparallele Ausnehmung (32) vorgesehen ist, in die zur Verdrehungssicherung ein fest mit der Trägerwelle (9) verbundenes Keilstück (30) eingreift.Inverting filter centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that an axially parallel recess (32) is provided on a rear extension (socket 31) of the hollow shaft (3), into which a wedge piece (30) firmly connected to the carrier shaft (9) engages to prevent rotation. Stülpfilterzentrifuge nach Anspruch 2 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Keilstück (30) an der Mutter (33) angeordnet ist.Inverting filter centrifuge according to claim 2 and 5, characterized in that the wedge piece (30) is arranged on the nut (33). Stülpfilterzentrifuge nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die hintere Verlängerung (Buchse 31) der Hohlwelle (3) in wenigstens einem Drehlager (46, 47) abgestützt ist.Inverting filter centrifuge according to claim 5, characterized in that the rear extension (bushing 31) of the hollow shaft (3) is supported in at least one rotary bearing (46, 47). Stülpfilterzentrifuge nach Anspruch 2 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schraubspindel (34) in einer in der hinteren Verlängerung (Buchse 31) der Hohlwelle (3) drehbaren Hülse (36) drehfest und gleitverschieblich angeordnet, und die Hülse (36) über den Motor (44) antreibbar ist.Inverting filter centrifuge according to Claims 2 and 5, characterized in that the screw spindle (34) is arranged in a sleeve (36) which is rotatable in the rear extension (bushing 31) of the hollow shaft (3) and is arranged so that it can slide and slide, and the sleeve (36) via the motor (44) can be driven. Stülpfilterzentrifuge nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schraubspindel (34) die Hülse (36) an derem der Trägerwelle (9) abgekehrten, hinteren Ende frei überragt und zwischen diesem hinteren Ende der Hülse (36) und dem freien Ende der Schraubspindel (34) eine Feder (42) angeordnet ist, welche die Schraubspindel (34) und damit die Trägerwelle (9) zur Hülse (36) hin vorspannt.Inverting filter centrifuge according to claim 8, characterized in that the screw spindle (34) projects freely beyond the sleeve (36) at the rear end facing away from the carrier shaft (9) and between this rear end of the sleeve (36) and the free end of the screw spindle (34 ) a spring (42) is arranged, which biases the screw spindle (34) and thus the carrier shaft (9) towards the sleeve (36). Stülpfilterzentrifuge nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schraubspindel (34) von dem Motor (44) über eine Riemenscheibe (43) antreibbar ist.Inverting filter centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw spindle (34) can be driven by the motor (44) via a belt pulley (43).
EP90105623A 1990-03-24 1990-03-24 Reversible filter centrifuge Expired - Lifetime EP0448736B1 (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK90105623.4T DK0448736T3 (en) 1990-03-24 1990-03-24 Turning Filter Centrifuge
EP90105623A EP0448736B1 (en) 1990-03-24 1990-03-24 Reversible filter centrifuge
ES90105623T ES2066893T3 (en) 1990-03-24 1990-03-24 INVERTIBLE FILTER CENTRIFUGE.
AT90105623T ATE117221T1 (en) 1990-03-24 1990-03-24 INVERTED FILTER CENTRIFUGE.
DE59008312T DE59008312D1 (en) 1990-03-24 1990-03-24 Inverting filter centrifuge.
JP50368191A JP3315979B2 (en) 1990-03-24 1991-01-15 Filter inversion centrifuge
KR1019920702232A KR0163357B1 (en) 1990-03-24 1991-01-15 Sleeve filter centrifuge
US07/848,946 US5277804A (en) 1990-03-24 1991-01-15 Sleeve filter centrifuge
PCT/EP1991/000045 WO1991014506A1 (en) 1990-03-24 1991-01-15 Sleeve filter centrifuge
SU915053018A RU2067893C1 (en) 1990-03-24 1991-01-15 Filtering centrifuge with turnable inside filter
CN91101702.XA CN1025009C (en) 1990-03-24 1991-03-20 Turning mouth filter centrifuge
GR950400615T GR3015484T3 (en) 1990-03-24 1995-03-20 Reversible filter centrifuge.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90105623A EP0448736B1 (en) 1990-03-24 1990-03-24 Reversible filter centrifuge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0448736A1 true EP0448736A1 (en) 1991-10-02
EP0448736B1 EP0448736B1 (en) 1995-01-18

Family

ID=8203807

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90105623A Expired - Lifetime EP0448736B1 (en) 1990-03-24 1990-03-24 Reversible filter centrifuge

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0448736B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3315979B2 (en)
KR (1) KR0163357B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1025009C (en)
AT (1) ATE117221T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59008312D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0448736T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2066893T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3015484T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2067893C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1991014506A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4337620C1 (en) * 1993-11-04 1995-03-09 Krauss Maffei Ag An invertible filter centrifuge (drum cover lock)
CN100434186C (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-11-19 张鹤鸣 Bag type filtering centrifuge
CN102357433A (en) * 2011-09-08 2012-02-22 安徽普源分离机械制造有限公司 Horizontal type full-automatic ball-pulling centrifugal machine
JP6618433B2 (en) * 2016-07-05 2019-12-11 月島機械株式会社 Centrifuge and centrifuge method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE458908C (en) * 1926-05-12 1928-04-23 Ver Ijzerfabrieken De Vijf Nv Spin pot drive
DE2709894B2 (en) * 1977-03-08 1981-05-07 Heinkel Industriezentrifugen GmbH & Co, 7120 Bietigheim-Bissingen Discontinuous filter centrifuge

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1118414A1 (en) * 1982-07-26 1984-10-15 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт Мономеров Centrifuge

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE458908C (en) * 1926-05-12 1928-04-23 Ver Ijzerfabrieken De Vijf Nv Spin pot drive
DE2709894B2 (en) * 1977-03-08 1981-05-07 Heinkel Industriezentrifugen GmbH & Co, 7120 Bietigheim-Bissingen Discontinuous filter centrifuge

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 5, Nr. 132 (C-68)[804], 22. August 1981; & JP-A-56 65 646 (TAKASHI MUKAI) 03-06-1981 *
SOVIET INVENTIONS ILLUSTRATED, Woche 8519, 19. Juni 1985, Sektion J/A/E/P, Klasse J01/A41/E19/P41, Nr. 85-114600/19, Derwent Publications Ltd, London, GB; & SU-A-1 118 414 (MONOMERS RES. PLAN) 15-10-1984 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2067893C1 (en) 1996-10-20
EP0448736B1 (en) 1995-01-18
CN1055129A (en) 1991-10-09
DK0448736T3 (en) 1995-04-03
ATE117221T1 (en) 1995-02-15
CN1025009C (en) 1994-06-15
KR0163357B1 (en) 1998-11-16
GR3015484T3 (en) 1995-06-30
KR930700209A (en) 1993-03-13
DE59008312D1 (en) 1995-03-02
JPH05505339A (en) 1993-08-12
JP3315979B2 (en) 2002-08-19
WO1991014506A1 (en) 1991-10-03
ES2066893T3 (en) 1995-03-16

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