DE1782260A1 - centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

17822S0

Dr.-lng. HANS RUSCHKE - I '

'DipUng. hi:! *. ": AGl ILAR 7. Au ₅ .1950

A11 21 Mfwi »*». 2 /, Pi ·· · * «·« «» »S *. 2

Alfa-Laval AB, Tumba / Sweden

centrifuge

The invention relates to centrifuges of the type having a rotor and one therein for discharging the sludge or the like. arranged screw conveyor, which consists of a liquid Material has been separated, which is fed to the rotor, the overflow outlets for the freed from the sludge Having liquid having outlets between a radially inner and a radially outer position are movable by means of separate elements which are rotatable together with the rotor, but with reference to the same are adjustable.

In the known centrifuges of this type, each of the separate elements for attachment to the rotor is with the help

several screws or the like determined. The separate elements 10fi833 / 0109

A 1123

are sometimes shaped as polygons to make them easier to get into exactly the right positions when adjusting With respect to the rotor can be installed, from which positions it does not shift during the rotation of the rotor can be.

However, this means that if the liquid level within the rotor is to be changed, the rotor must be turned off and each of the adjustable elements (usually between 6 and 8) expanded and in one must be reinstalled in another position. This adjustment process is very time consuming and causes undesirable Interruptions in operation of the centrifuge.

The object of the invention is to create a centrifuge with an arrangement by means of which the adjustment of the liquid level that forms in the rotor during operation is made much easier. This arrangement is characterized by adjustable elements, which are mounted with respect to the rotor, and by a device for the simultaneous rotation of all these mounted elements by the same angle.

The execution common to the stored elements is preferably also for holding and securing the latter

109833/0109 _BAD original

- 3 Λ 1123

formed in different positions with respect to the rotor, so that it is possible to regulate the liquid level inside the rotor during operation.

In a preferred embodiment of the centrifuge the device common to the mounted elements is formed by a ring gear which is movable with respect to the rotor is and is frictionally engaged with the mounted elements. Of course, one can be functional the same arrangement, for example one or more chains, belts or the like can also be used.

To move and lock the ring gear with respect to the rotor, two rotatable members are provided, which with With respect to each other are adjustable in their directions of rotation. These links can be firmly connected to (i.e. the have the same axis of rotation) the rotor and the ring gear, but can also engage with these parts in a non-positive manner stand (e.g. by gears) so that when one of the rotatable members is moved with respect to the other, the ring gear is moved with respect to the rotor. In those cases in which the two rotatable members are coaxial have extended axes of rotation (which is not necessary " are they preferably around their perimeter or in one

109833/0109

- 4 A 1123

Hub provided in its center with helically extending spline teeth of different pitches, which Spline teeth with correspondingly shaped spline teeth are in engagement on a sleeve or on a pin, the or, rotatable together with the links, but axially movable and in different positions with reference can be locked on this. Preferably, the pitches of the spline teeth of the two rotatable members are opposite directed.

As a result of the feature that the Elementr to adjust the Overflow outlets of the rotor are mounted with respect to the latter and are arranged so that they can be used during operation can be operated, it is possible to completely empty the rotor of its liquid content without whose rotation must be stopped. One possibility, of course, is to use the rotatable elements in the rotor to be arranged so that the overflow outlets in one position of the rotatable elements are close to the circumference of the rotor are located. However, the diameter of the stored elements must not be too large, so that by such an arrangement conventional elements quite the maximum depth of liquid that can be maintained within the rotor is low. According to the invention, therefore, each of the limits

109833/0109

- 5 A 1123

rotatable elements form a channel which over all or part of its length forms an angle with the rotor axis forms and which is at its one end with a liquid outlet of the rotor in communication, while the other The end of the channel determines the position of the liquid level that forms within the rotor during operation, if it is located radially inward of the outer portion of the rotor outlet.

Often there is no need to regulate the fluid level over the entire radial area, i.e. all the way out to the rotor circumference, but it is It is desirable to be able to close the liquid outlets so that all of the material supplied to the rotor is closed the sludge outlets of the rotor. The channels formed by the mounted elements can therefore extend so that in one position of the mounted elements they are radially inside the sludge outlets of the rotor open. In such cases it can be useful that the liquid outlets of the rotor in one Distance from the circumference of the same and at least one (preferably all) of the stored elements can so be arranged that in one position a normally closed separate outlet on the rotor circumference is open so that the rotor is completely open during operation

109833/0109

- 6 A 1123

can be emptied of its liquid content.

The invention is described in more detail below in connection with the accompanying schematic drawings although show:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of part of a centrifuge of the type described above with a device for central control of the overflow outlets the rotor for the purified liquid;

FIG. 2 is a view in section along the line II II in FIG. 1; FIG.

3 and 4 two further embodiments of the central one Steering;

Fig. 5 to 8 different embodiments of the stored Elements of the rotor to control the overflow outlets of the latter.

In Fig. 1 and 2 part of a centrifuge is shown which has a rotor 1 and a screw conveyor 2, which in this or the like for discharging sludge. is arranged »

109833 / Q1Q9

Λ 1123

which has been separated from the substance fed to the rotor. As seen in Fig. 1, the mud is turned to the left promoted and leaves the rotor through not shown sludge outlets in the peripheral wall of the rotor.

In the Kndiv and ^r of the rotor are provided openings 3, which are angularly disposed about the rotor axis and at the same distance therefrom. In each of the openings 3 a mounted element 4 is arranged, which has a through bore 5 which is eccentric to the axis of rotation of the element. The through hole S forms an overflow outlet of the rotor 1 for the cleaned liquid.

The mounted elements 4, which are cylindrical, are provided at one end with a toothing 6 with which they are in engagement with a ring gear 7, the stored all Elements 4 is common. The ring gear 7 is arranged coaxially to the rotor and rotatable with respect to it, to move the elements 4 about their own axes of rotation, i.e. to move them into other positions with respect to the rotor bring to.

For the relative rotation between the ring gear 7 and the rotor 1, the ring gear and the rotor with a

109833/0109

- 8 A 1123

be connected rotatable member, which rotatable members adjustable with respect to each other in their directions of rotation are.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the form is with the rotatable member connected to the ring gear formed by a sleeve which at its end facing away from the ring gear is provided with helically extending outer spline teeth. The rotatable member connected to the rotor 1 is also formed by a sleeve. This designated 10 sleeve is with helically extending Wedge teeth 11 provided. The pitch of the spline teeth 9 is different from that of the spline teeth 11 and in a preferred one Embodiment these slopes are opposite directed.

A further sleeve 12 is arranged coaxially to the two sleeves 8 and 10, surrounding them. This sleeve 12 is provided with internal spline teeth, with which it frictionally engages with the spline teeth of the sleeve 8 and with the spline teeth the sleeve 10 is engaged. As a result of this engagement, the sleeve 12 during operation of the Turn the centrifuge together with the rotor 1 and with the ring gear 7.

109833/0109

- 9 A 1123

As a result of the different pitches of the spline teeth of the sleeves 8 and 10, the sleeve 12 when referring to it is axially displaced on the sleeves 8 and 10, the ring gear 7 can be rotated with respect to the rotor 1. The one for the axial The means used to displace the sleeve 12 can be of any suitable type and are therefore shown in the drawing not shown.

Of course, the device for rotating the ring gear 7 with respect to the rotor 1 can be implemented in various ways will. For example, the previously described sleeve 12 can be replaced by a pin, which extends parallel to the rotor axis and with helically extending spline teeth for engagement with the spline teeth of the sleeves 8 and 10 is provided. The pin must then be axial with respect to the sleeves 8 and 10 be displaced when it is rotated about its own axis, so that it has the same function as that described above Has sleeve 12.

Another embodiment of the for rotating the ring gear 7, the device used in relation to the rotor 1 is shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, the rotary movement of the ring gear 7 and the rotor 1 on two gear wheels 13 and 14 109833/0109

- ίο -

via sleeves 8a and 10a (which correspond to sleeves 8 and 10 in Fig. 1) transferred. The gears 13 and 14 have hubs, which with inner, helically extending Keyways 15 and 16 provided of different pitches, in which keyways a correspondingly shaped Pin 17 axially displaceable with respect to gear wheels 13 and 14 is. The pin 17 is (like the sleeve 12 in Fig. 1) intended for rotation together with the gears 13 and 14 and causes, when it is axially displaced, a Rotational movement of the ring gear 7 with respect to the rotor 1 via the gears 13, 14 and the sleeves 8a, 10a.

Each of the devices described above for rotating the ring gear 7 with respect to the rotor 1 requires an axially displaceable member (sleeve 12, pin 17) for this rotation. In Fig. 4 a device is shown in which an axially displaceable member is not required.

Fig. 4 shows four coaxially arranged gears 18, 18, 20 and 21 with conical toothing, of which gears the two outer gears 18 and 21 are firmly connected to the rotor 1 or with the ring gear 7 or at least have positive engagement, which for

109833/0109

Λ 1123

Rotation about their own axes are intended. The two inner gears 19 and 20 are free from the rotor 1 and from the ring gear 7 and should be at a standstill during normal operation of the centrifuge. However, they can be rotated into different setting positions with respect to one another. Two further conical gears 22 and 23 are provided which mesh with the four gears 18, 19, 20 and 21 and are arranged so that they roll around an inner and an outer one of the aforementioned four gears. r. ^R ie can be seen in Fig. 4, the gears 22 and 22 are mounted on axles 24 and 25 which are connected to one another by a shaft 26 so that the gears 22 and 23 inevitably accompany one another when they are about the four gears 18, 19 , 20 and 21 roll around.

VHe mentioned, the gears 19 and 20 should be at a standstill during normal operation of the centrifuge, while the gears 18 and 21 rotate together with the ring gear 7 and with the rotor 1, respectively. For a better understanding of how a rotation of one of the gears 19, 20 with respect to the other leads to a relative rotation between the rotor 1 and the ring gear 7, it is assumed in the following that the gears 18 and 21 are also at a standstill. The adjustment process should of course also be feasible when the rotor is at a standstill.

109833/0109

- 12 Λ 1123

It is assumed that the gears 20 and 21 are held against rotation. If then the gear 19 with reference is rotated on the gear 20, the following happens. The bevel gear 22 is set in rotation about its axis, without it moving around the common axis of the gears 18 and 19. A movement around this common axis around is prevented by the fact that the shaft 26 as a result of the engagement between the bevel gear 23 and the Gears 20 and 21 is prevented from rotating.

The rotational movement of the bevel gear 22 is therefore transmitted to the gear 18, which as a result of its non-positive Connection with the ring gear 7 causes the latter to rotate with respect to the rotor 1. The ring gear can be in its new position with respect to the rotor can easily be maintained by having the gear 19 with respect locked on gear 20 & ird.

With the help of the arrangement described above, it is possible at any time during operation of the centrifuge to regulate the liquid level formed in the rotor.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show two embodiments in a schematic representation of the mounted element 4, which provides an advanced control of the liquid level within the

109833/0109

Λ 1123

Enable rotor 1. Limited in this embodiment the mounted element 4 within the rotor has a channel 5a which extends in a direction coincident with the rotor axis forms a corner »

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, there is one End of the channel 5a in connection with the separation chamber of the rotor 1, while the other end of the channel forms the liquid outlet opening 5b of the rotor. As can be seen, definitely the position of the end of the channel 5a located from the outlet opening 5b the position of the liquid level which is forms inside the rotor during operation, as long as this end is radially inside the outermost parts of the Outlet opening 5b is located. When the mentioned end of the channel 5a is radially outside the outermost part of the outlet opening 5b, the latter determines the position of the liquid level forming inside the rotor. If necessary, the openings 3 can be provided in the end wall of the rotor 1 at a distance from the rotor axis so that the rotor can be completely emptied through the outlet opening 5b. The embodiment according to FIG. 6 differs from that shown in FIG. 5 in that the liquid outlet opening 5b does not pass through the rotatable element 4 is formed, but is separate from this,

109833/0109

- 14 A 1123

As shown, the rotatable element 4 is designed as a disk within the rotor wall, which disk with a annular recess 4a is provided which, together with the rotor, forms an annular channel 5a. The channel 5a extends so that he always with the liquid outlet opening 5a regardless of the position of the stored Element 4 with respect to the rotor 1 is in communication. For the connection between the channel 5a and the separation chamber of the rotor, the mounted element 4 is provided with a through hole 5c. The location of this hole 5c determines the position of the liquid level that forms inside the rotor during operation.

In the two embodiments shown in FIGS the channel 5b extends in such a way that in the one position of the mounted element 4 it is radially inward the sludge outlets of the rotor opens. The radial position of the rotor sludge outlets is shown through in the drawing a dashed line 30 is indicated. If desired, the rotor 1 or the mounted elements 4 can with means are provided, which in one position of the mounted elements 4 completely block the channels 5b. Furthermore can the channels 5b are formed outside the rotor end wall. Of course, the annular recesses 4a in the

109833/0109

Λ. 1123

Rotor end wall is provided instead of in the mounted elements 4 will.

7 and 8 show a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the stored elements 4. How can be seen, the element 4 in this embodiment provided on the inside of the rotor wall with a flange 4b, which extends around the element 4 in the circumferential direction extends over an angle of slightly more than 180 °. In the position shown in the drawing, the locks Flange 4b has a radial opening 1a through the peripheral wall of the rotor 1. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the overflow outlet 5 can be moved between its innermost and its outermost position, the flange 4b still the radial opening 1 ä covered. Furthermore, it follows from Fig. 8, that it is possible to expose the opening 1a by that the mounted element 4 is rotated clockwise from the position shown in this figure. As a result has that the rotor is emptied.

In the drawings, the invention is shown very schematically and means, v / ie bearings, seals and the like., the use of which is obvious to a person skilled in the art, not shown. The invention is of course not limited to those in the

109833/0109

A 1123

Embodiments shown in the drawings are limited, but can experience various changes within its framework.

Patent claims :

109833/0109

Claims (12)

178226Ö A 1123 Patent claims: , J centrifuge of the type with a rotor and a screw conveyor, which or the like in this for discharging sludge. is arranged, which has been separated from a liquid substance fed to the rotor, which rotor has overflow outlets for the liquid freed from the sludge, which are movable between a radially inner and a radially outer position with the aid of separate elements which together with the Rotatable rotor, but adjustable radially with respect to it, characterized by adjustable elements (4) which are mounted with respect to the rotor (1), and a device for synchronously rotating all these mounted elements (4) about the same V / inkel. 2. Centrifuge according to claim (1), characterized in that that the stored elements 4 common device for holding and securing the latter in different 109833/0109 BATH - 18 Λ 1123 Positions with respect to the rotor is formed. 3. Centrifuge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said device has a toothed ring (7) or the like. has, which is frictionally engaged with all the mounted elements (4) and with reference to the rotor is movable. 4. Centrifuge according to the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the mounted elements (4) a channel (5a) delimits which extends over its full length or over part of it in one direction extending which forms an angle with the rotor axis, which channel at its one end with the corresponding one Outlet opening (5b) of the rotor is in communication. 5. Centrifuge according to claim 4, characterized in that the corresponding outlet opening (5b) is coaxial with the The axis of rotation of the mounted element (4) is arranged. 6. Centrifuge according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that said channel (5a) through a substantially L-shaped pipe part is formed. 109833/0106 Λ 1123 7. Centrifuge according to claim 4, characterized in that that the mentioned outlet opening (5b) in his Distance from the stored element (4) is, which the latter is provided with a flange (4b) which covers the outlet opening (5b) and together with the rotor (1) an arcuate or annular channel (5 a) forms, which with the outlet opening (5b) and with a urucngangs hole (5c) in the plan (4b) in connection stands. K. centrifuge ./,eh claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the channel (5a) extends so that in one position of the mounted element (4) it is radially inside the .sludge outlets (Γ ^{ΓΛ of} the rotor (1 ) opens. 9. Centrifuge according to the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the mounted elements (4) has iiittel (4b) for opening and closing an outlet (1a) on the circumference of the rotor (1). 10. Centrifuge according to claims 3 to 9, characterized by two rotatable members (S, 10; 13,14; 18,21) v / elche riit relative to each other adjustable in their direction of rotation are and vrolche with the ring gear (7) or the like, firmly 109833/0109 BATH - 20 A 1123 connected or in frictional engagement so that movement of one of the rotatable members with reference on the other a relative movement between the rotor (1) and the ring gear (7) or the like. has the consequence. 11. Centrifuge according to claim 10, characterized in that that the two rotatable members (8,10; 13,14) have coaxially extending axes of rotation and with helically extending keyways of various Slopes are provided, with a sleeve (12) or a pin (17) with correspondingly shaped spline teeth provided with the keyways of the two rotatable members in engagement and rotatable therewith is, however, axially displaceable with respect to this for the adjustment of one link with respect to the other is. 12. Centrifuge according to claim 11, characterized in that that the slopes of the splines of the two rotatable members (8,10; 13,14) are directed in opposite directions are. • t3. Centrifuge according to claims 3 to 10, characterized by four coaxially arranged gears (18, 19, 20 and 21) with leonian gears, of which 109833/0109 Λ 1123 The two outer gears (18,21) fixed to the ring gear (7) or the like. or connected to the rotor (1) are or at least have positive engagement and the two inner gears (19 »20) from The rotor (1) and the ring gear (7) or the like are rotated into different positions with respect to one another can be, and two bevel gears (22,23) are provided, each of which with an outer and a inner of the four coaxially arranged gears (18 to 21) is in engagement and rolls around them, which two bevel gears (22, 23) are connected to each other (24, 25, 26) that they inevitably when they roll around the four gears (18 to 21). 109833/0109