EP0571401A1 - Hydrodynamic fin for water-borne craft. - Google Patents
Hydrodynamic fin for water-borne craft.Info
- Publication number
- EP0571401A1 EP0571401A1 EP92902381A EP92902381A EP0571401A1 EP 0571401 A1 EP0571401 A1 EP 0571401A1 EP 92902381 A EP92902381 A EP 92902381A EP 92902381 A EP92902381 A EP 92902381A EP 0571401 A1 EP0571401 A1 EP 0571401A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fin
- end wall
- angle
- hull
- ridge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
- B63B39/06—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water
Definitions
- HYDRODYNAMIC FIN FOR WATER-BORNE CRAFT The invention is concerned with improvements in or relating to a hydrodynamic fin for water-borne craft, particularly but net exclusively a stabilising fin for a
- fins projecting outwardly from the ship's hull below the water-line to act to correct any tendency for the ship to roll with the movement of the water.
- Such fins will conveniently have a hydrodynamic cross-sectional profile and may resemble that shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, which shows a section of a fin 2 comprising a main Cody portion 4, provided with a movable trailing edge portion 6.
- the fin 2 is adapted to project from a ship's hull 8 as shown in Figure 2 and to be rotated as required about an axis 10 to vary the operating angle.
- the axis ⁇ . " is arranged transvers-eiy to a line extending lengthwise of the ship 8.
- edge portion 6 is hinged so as to be movable with respect to the body portion 4 by an angle greater than that of the rotation of tne latter about axis 10.
- a fin housing 12 is provided in the hull to receive the fin 2 when in a retracted,
- the invention therefore provides a hydrodynamic fin member for use on water-borne craft, comprising an elongate body portion having a generally streamlined cross-section including a tapering portion reducing in a direction from a leading to a trailing zone thereof, a ridge-like member having an at least substantially wedge-shaped cross-section and being provided at a location rearward of said tapering portion, said wedge-shaped cross-section diverging in said direction and terminating in an end wall.
- the end wall may lie at least substantially in a plane transverse to said direction.
- the profile of said end wall may be planar, or may be concave or include an obtuse or acute angle if desired.
- the fin member may be mounted with respect to a hull for rotation about an axis substantially transverse to a line extending fore-and-aft of said hull, said rotation providing a continuously variable operating angle in a predetermined range.
- the angle range may bs ⁇ 20* with respect to zero deflection.
- the fin member may project from the hull in a horizontal or downwardly inclined attitude, at an angle preferably between 0° and 30°.
- diverging surfaces of said ridge-like member are arranged to include an angle between 20" and 90°, in one example the angle being 70°.
- the maximum, heightwise, thickness of the fin may be between 12% and 33% of the overall, fore-and-aft, width of the fin and preferably may be between 21% and 33% of said width, for example 26%.
- the maximum height of the end wall of the ridge-like section may be between 30% and 70% of the thickness of the fin, and preferably may be 50%.
- provision may be made for retracting the fins into an out-of-the-way condition as required, either by being withdrawn into a housing or by being pivoted either foreword or aft to be received in a stowing recess.
- a fin according to the invention may be provided with a tip plate or fence at the outboard end thereof for purposes which will be explained.
- Figure 4 is a perspective view of a fin according to — A —
- Figure 5 is a perspective view of a fin according to the invention.
- Figure 6 illustrates three of the various angular positions available for the fin
- Figure 7 is a graph comparing the position of the chordwise centres of pressure for the fins of Figure 1 (prior art) and of Figure 5 for a range of fin angle values;
- Figure 8 is a diagrammatic view of the position of permanently fixed fins with respect to a ship's hull
- Figure 9 is a diagrammatic view of the position of retractable fins with respect to a ship's hull
- Figure 10 is an outline representation of the cross-sectional profile of a fin as shown in Figure 4.
- Figure 11 is an outline representative of the cross-sectional profile of a fin as shown in Figure 5.
- Figure 4 shows a fin F according to the invention, having a hydrodynamically efficient profile comprising a smoothly rounded leading edge zone 14, an upper surface 16 and a lower surface 18 which converge in a direction towards a trailing zone 20.
- two diverging surfaces 22 and 24 define a ridge-like member 26 having a wedge-shaped cross-section.
- An end wall 28 lies in a plane transverse and substantially perpendicular to a line 30 extending fore-and-aft of the fin (see Figure 10) .
- the fin is adapted to be pivotally adjusted about a transverse axis 32 in a manner similar to the adjustment about axis 10 of the fin of the prior art.
- Figure 5 shows a similar fin to that of Figure 4 with the addition of a plate 34 of the kind commonly known as a tip fence.
- a plate 34 of the kind commonly known as a tip fence.
- Such plates are known to increase the slope of the lift curve for a given operating angle. Thus the required angle may be reduced if a tip fence is present.
- a tip fence assists in increasing maximum lift by suppressing fin tip flow losses.
- Figure 6 illustrates the adjustment of the operating angle of the fin about the axis 32 with a 20° angle of adjustment both above and below a position of zero deflection shown in full lines.
- the centre of pressure for the fin section is located approximately at the zone of maximum thickness t (see Figure 10) .
- Figure 7 shows the movement of the position of the centre of pressure for a range of angular deflections for the prior art fin shown in Figures 1 and 3 (curve A) and for the fin of Figure 5 (curve B) .
- the upper curve A shows the amount of movement of the chordwise centre of pressure (CCp) over the range 5° - 20°
- the lower curve (B) illustrates that the centre of pressure of the fin according to the present invention shows virtually no change in the same range.
- the optimum shaft position (on axis 32) occurs at a zone where the largest diameter shaft can be accommodated. Because three is so little movement of the centre of pressure along the fore-and-aft chord line 30, with increasing fin angle, it will be appreciated that a relatively small torque is required to operate the fin over the preferred operating range.
- Figures 10 and 11 illustrate more clearly a preferred profile or outline for the cross-section of a fin F according to the invention, Figure 11 shown also the provision of a plate 34.
- the value of t as 0.26 c has the advantage that a suitably large structure is available in which to mount a shaft 36 along the axis 32 to sustain the various levels of imposed loads.
- the value of w which is selected to be 50% of that of t gives a compromise between adequate lift and an acceptable level of drag.
- the value for ⁇ is selected bearing in mind that the more shallow the angle the less drag and lift.
- a value of 70° is given by way of the present example, a value as low as 20° may be used.
- the value of w is suitably increased by way of compensation.
- Figure 11 shows the preferred profile of the tip fence plate 34. Since the maximum areas of effective operation of the plate 34 are at the positions X and Y, the outline of the plate 34 has been chosen to reduce its height, dimension D, to a minimum. This facility has. the practical advantage that the mouth opening of the hull recess can be reduced accordingly.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention se rapporte à un élément en forme d'aileron hydrodynamique devant être utilisé sur des navires et fonctionnant de façon particulièrement appropriée comme élément stabilisateur pour le navire. La partie formant le corps de l'aileron (F) comprend une région (14) de bord d'attaque lisse et arrondie, des surfaces supérieure et inférieure (16, 18) convergentes et une région arrière (20). Un élément en forme d'arête, formé par deux surfaces divergentes (22, 24) qui s'intègrent souplement à la région (20), présente une section transversale en forme de trapèze se terminant par une paroi terminale (28). L'aileron stabilisateur (F) peut être ajusté lorsqu'on le fait pivoter autour d'un axe (32). Une barrière d'extrémité (34) peut être ajoutée, si l'on préfère.The invention relates to a hydrodynamic fin-shaped element to be used on ships and functioning particularly well as a stabilizing element for the ship. The fin body portion (F) includes a smooth, rounded leading edge region (14), converging top and bottom surfaces (16, 18), and a tail region (20). A ridge-shaped element, formed by two diverging surfaces (22, 24) which flexibly fit into the region (20), has a trapezium-shaped cross-section terminating in an end wall (28). The stabilizer fin (F) can be adjusted by rotating it around an axis (32). An end barrier (34) can be added, if preferred.
Description
HYDRODYNAMIC FIN FOR WATER-BORNE CRAFT The invention is concerned with improvements in or relating to a hydrodynamic fin for water-borne craft, particularly but net exclusively a stabilising fin for a
„ ship.
It is customary to provide ccean-going ships for example with anti-roll stabilising means in the form of fins projecting outwardly from the ship's hull below the water-line to act to correct any tendency for the ship to roll with the movement of the water. Such fins will conveniently have a hydrodynamic cross-sectional profile and may resemble that shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, which shows a section of a fin 2 comprising a main Cody portion 4, provided with a movable trailing edge portion 6. The fin 2 is adapted to project from a ship's hull 8 as shown in Figure 2 and to be rotated as required about an axis 10 to vary the operating angle. The axis ϊ." is arranged transvers-eiy to a line extending lengthwise of the ship 8.
In addition the edge portion 6 is hinged so as to be movable with respect to the body portion 4 by an angle greater than that of the rotation of tne latter about axis 10. Where necessary a fin housing 12 is provided in the hull to receive the fin 2 when in a retracted,
* non-operative position. It will be appreciated than the provision of tne movable trailing edge portion 6, while providing an
acceptable level of performance, involves a very complex construction and complicated control mechanisms.
It is an object of the invention to minimise the above disadvantages while obtaining a satisfactory level of performance in reducing roll.
The invention therefore provides a hydrodynamic fin member for use on water-borne craft, comprising an elongate body portion having a generally streamlined cross-section including a tapering portion reducing in a direction from a leading to a trailing zone thereof, a ridge-like member having an at least substantially wedge-shaped cross-section and being provided at a location rearward of said tapering portion, said wedge-shaped cross-section diverging in said direction and terminating in an end wall.
Advantageously, the end wall may lie at least substantially in a plane transverse to said direction. Conveniently the profile of said end wall may be planar, or may be concave or include an obtuse or acute angle if desired.
Preferably, the fin member may be mounted with respect to a hull for rotation about an axis substantially transverse to a line extending fore-and-aft of said hull, said rotation providing a continuously variable operating angle in a predetermined range. Advantageously, the angle range may bs ± 20* with respect to zero deflection.
Conveniently, the fin member may project from the hull in a horizontal or downwardly inclined attitude, at an
angle preferably between 0° and 30°.
Advantageously, diverging surfaces of said ridge-like member are arranged to include an angle between 20" and 90°, in one example the angle being 70°.
Advantageously, the maximum, heightwise, thickness of the fin may be between 12% and 33% of the overall, fore-and-aft, width of the fin and preferably may be between 21% and 33% of said width, for example 26%.
Advantageously, the maximum height of the end wall of the ridge-like section may be between 30% and 70% of the thickness of the fin, and preferably may be 50%.
When installed in a ship's hull, provision may be made for retracting the fins into an out-of-the-way condition as required, either by being withdrawn into a housing or by being pivoted either foreword or aft to be received in a stowing recess.
If desired, a fin according to the invention may be provided with a tip plate or fence at the outboard end thereof for purposes which will be explained.
There will now be described, with reference to the relevant drawings, an example of a fin according to the invention. It will be understood that the description is given by way of example only and not by way of limitation. In the drawings:-
Figures 1 to 3 illustrate a fin according to the prior
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a fin according to
— A —
the invention;
Figure 5 is a perspective view of a fin according to the invention;
Figure 6 illustrates three of the various angular positions available for the fin;
Figure 7 is a graph comparing the position of the chordwise centres of pressure for the fins of Figure 1 (prior art) and of Figure 5 for a range of fin angle values;
Figure 8 is a diagrammatic view of the position of permanently fixed fins with respect to a ship's hull;
Figure 9 is a diagrammatic view of the position of retractable fins with respect to a ship's hull;
Figure 10 is an outline representation of the cross-sectional profile of a fin as shown in Figure 4; and
Figure 11 is an outline representative of the cross-sectional profile of a fin as shown in Figure 5.
The prior art arrangement illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 has been described above.
Figure 4 shows a fin F according to the invention, having a hydrodynamically efficient profile comprising a smoothly rounded leading edge zone 14, an upper surface 16 and a lower surface 18 which converge in a direction towards a trailing zone 20. Merging smoothly respectively with the surfaces 16 and 18 at the zone 20, two diverging surfaces 22 and 24 define a ridge-like member 26 having a wedge-shaped cross-section. An end wall 28 lies in a
plane transverse and substantially perpendicular to a line 30 extending fore-and-aft of the fin (see Figure 10) . The fin is adapted to be pivotally adjusted about a transverse axis 32 in a manner similar to the adjustment about axis 10 of the fin of the prior art.
Figure 5 shows a similar fin to that of Figure 4 with the addition of a plate 34 of the kind commonly known as a tip fence. Such plates are known to increase the slope of the lift curve for a given operating angle. Thus the required angle may be reduced if a tip fence is present.
Moreover, the presence of a tip fence assists in increasing maximum lift by suppressing fin tip flow losses.
Figure 6 illustrates the adjustment of the operating angle of the fin about the axis 32 with a 20° angle of adjustment both above and below a position of zero deflection shown in full lines. The centre of pressure for the fin section is located approximately at the zone of maximum thickness t (see Figure 10) . Figure 7 shows the movement of the position of the centre of pressure for a range of angular deflections for the prior art fin shown in Figures 1 and 3 (curve A) and for the fin of Figure 5 (curve B) . The upper curve A shows the amount of movement of the chordwise centre of pressure (CCp) over the range 5° - 20° and the lower curve (B) illustrates that the centre of pressure of the fin according to the present invention shows virtually no change in the same range. Thus, the optimum shaft position (on axis 32) occurs
at a zone where the largest diameter shaft can be accommodated. Because three is so little movement of the centre of pressure along the fore-and-aft chord line 30, with increasing fin angle, it will be appreciated that a relatively small torque is required to operate the fin over the preferred operating range.
While a fixed mounting arrangement which does not provide for retraction into a hull recess is suitable for hulls having a contour such as is shown in Figure 8, the configuration of hulls such as shown at H in Figure 9 requires a retraction facility. The fins F may be retracted in a forward or aft direction as preferred or may, as indicated in that Figure, be withdrawn inwardly into a recess 12'
Figures 10 and 11 illustrate more clearly a preferred profile or outline for the cross-section of a fin F according to the invention, Figure 11 shown also the provision of a plate 34.
The dimensions are identified as follows:- c = chord length (line 30) t = thickness of the fin F w = height of the end wall 28 when in an operative orientation. = angle included by the diverging surfaces
22 and 24 of the ridge-like member 26.
In the example shown the values are, where c = 1 unit of length t = 0.26 c w ■= 0.13 c (i.e. 0.5t) = 70 °
The value of t as 0.26 c has the advantage that a suitably large structure is available in which to mount a shaft 36 along the axis 32 to sustain the various levels of imposed loads. The value of w, which is selected to be 50% of that of t gives a compromise between adequate lift and an acceptable level of drag. The value for β is selected bearing in mind that the more shallow the angle the less drag and lift. Although a value of 70° is given by way of the present example, a value as low as 20° may be used. Preferably in such an instance, the value of w is suitably increased by way of compensation.
Figure 11 shows the preferred profile of the tip fence plate 34. Since the maximum areas of effective operation of the plate 34 are at the positions X and Y, the outline of the plate 34 has been chosen to reduce its height, dimension D, to a minimum. This facility has. the practical advantage that the mouth opening of the hull recess can be reduced accordingly.
Various modifications may be made within the scope of the invention.
Claims
1. A hydrodynamic fin member for use on water-borne craft, comprising an elongate body portion having a generally streamlined cross-section including a tapering portion reducing in a direction from a leading to a trailing zone thereof, a ridge-like member having an at least substantially wedge-shaped cross-section and being provided at a location rearward of said tapering portion, said wedge-shaped cross-section diverging in said direction and terminating in an end wall.
2. A member as claimed in claim 1 wherein the end wall lies at least substantially in a plane transverse to said direction.
3. A member as claimed in either one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the profile of the end wall is planar or concave or includes an obtuse or acute angle.
4. A member as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, mounted with respect to a hull for rotation about an axis substantially transverse to a line extending fore-and-aft of said hull, said rotation providing a continuously variable operating angle in a predetermined range.
5. A member as claimed in claim 1, wherein diverging surfaces of said ridge-like member are arranged to include an angle between 20s and 90s.
6. A member as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, provided with a tip plate or fence at the outboard end thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB919100116A GB9100116D0 (en) | 1991-01-04 | 1991-01-04 | Hydrodynamic fin for water-borne craft |
| GB9100116 | 1991-01-28 | ||
| PCT/GB1991/002310 WO1992012046A1 (en) | 1991-01-04 | 1991-12-23 | Hydrodynamic fin for water-borne craft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0571401A1 true EP0571401A1 (en) | 1993-12-01 |
| EP0571401B1 EP0571401B1 (en) | 1997-06-25 |
Family
ID=10687942
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92902381A Expired - Lifetime EP0571401B1 (en) | 1991-01-04 | 1991-12-23 | Hydrodynamic fin for water-borne craft |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0571401B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH06506888A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE69126669T2 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB9100116D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992012046A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1086889A2 (en) | 1999-09-22 | 2001-03-28 | FINCANTIERI CANTIERI NAVALI ITALIANI S.p.A. | Stabilizer fin |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2728864B1 (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 1997-03-14 | Havre Chantiers | LEVELING EDGE STABILIZATION DEVICE FOR ANTI-ROLL SHIP STABILIZERS |
| FR2736888B1 (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1997-09-26 | Havre Chantiers | ANTI-TANGAGE STABILIZATION DEVICE FOR VESSELS |
| FR2766004B1 (en) | 1997-07-11 | 1999-12-03 | Framatome Sa | GRID PADS FOR NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLY AND GRID COMPRISING SUCH PADS |
| CN102602510B (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2015-07-22 | 深圳市海斯比船艇科技股份有限公司 | Collision and rolling resistant monohull ship |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO134459C (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1976-10-13 | Nicolaus Kaufer | |
| NL174127C (en) * | 1973-01-24 | Werftunion Gmbh & Co | ONE PIECE, RECTANGULAR IN SIDE VIEW, RUDDERS WITH VERTICAL SIDEWALLS AND A SYMMETRIC PROFILE. | |
| DE3303424A1 (en) * | 1983-02-02 | 1984-08-09 | Werftunion Gmbh & Co, 4600 Dortmund | SYMMETRIC RUDDER PROFILES FOR MAXIMUM CROSS FORCES WITH SIMULTANEOUS MAXIMUM COURSE STABILITY |
| US5046444A (en) * | 1990-04-10 | 1991-09-10 | Michigan Wheel Corp. | Base vented subcavitating hydrofoil section |
-
1991
- 1991-01-04 GB GB919100116A patent/GB9100116D0/en active Pending
- 1991-12-23 WO PCT/GB1991/002310 patent/WO1992012046A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-12-23 EP EP92902381A patent/EP0571401B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-23 DE DE69126669T patent/DE69126669T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-23 DE DE0571401T patent/DE571401T1/en active Pending
- 1991-12-23 JP JP4502542A patent/JPH06506888A/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-06-15 GB GB9312342A patent/GB2266073B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9212046A1 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1086889A2 (en) | 1999-09-22 | 2001-03-28 | FINCANTIERI CANTIERI NAVALI ITALIANI S.p.A. | Stabilizer fin |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0571401B1 (en) | 1997-06-25 |
| GB2266073B (en) | 1994-06-22 |
| WO1992012046A1 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
| GB9312342D0 (en) | 1993-08-18 |
| GB9100116D0 (en) | 1991-02-20 |
| GB2266073A (en) | 1993-10-20 |
| DE69126669D1 (en) | 1997-07-31 |
| JPH06506888A (en) | 1994-08-04 |
| DE571401T1 (en) | 1994-10-06 |
| DE69126669T2 (en) | 1998-01-08 |
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