EP0568984B1 - Process for manufacturing briquettes of predetermined composition - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing briquettes of predetermined composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0568984B1 EP0568984B1 EP93107235A EP93107235A EP0568984B1 EP 0568984 B1 EP0568984 B1 EP 0568984B1 EP 93107235 A EP93107235 A EP 93107235A EP 93107235 A EP93107235 A EP 93107235A EP 0568984 B1 EP0568984 B1 EP 0568984B1
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- Prior art keywords
- briquettes
- granular
- green
- rotary kiln
- zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/16—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/08—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/26—After-treatment of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/28—Heating the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes; Coking the binders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the production of product briquettes of a given briquette composition with a product fraction, a carbon fraction from coke and optionally an additional fraction, which briquettes with the aid of a bituminous binder to form green briquettes and in a rotary kiln with a granular bed filling made of granular heat carriers burn the gas burner and withdraw it from the flue gas, heat treat it.
- - Product briquettes are briquettes which are intended for a given use, for example as sand briquettes in the production of silicon or ferrosilicon, as ore briquettes in the production of the corresponding metals or as fuel briquettes.
- the grain bed filling takes up about half the volume of the rotary kiln, for example a length of 50 meters and a diameter of 4 meters.
- the buoyancy must be prevented so that the green briquettes do not float in the grain bed filling.
- the weight of the green briquettes or the finished product briquettes that form must be greater than the weight of the displaced grain bed volume.
- the specific weight of the green briquettes must be greater than the bulk density of the granular heat transfer medium of the grain bed filling.
- the green briquettes are set up accordingly as part of the known measures. Their specific weight is set by the composition and the compression.
- the grain bed filling consists of quartz sand or also of fine sand coke, in particular petroleum coke (cf. DE 37 24 541 A1, DE 37 24 464 A1). This has proven itself, but reduces the degree of process engineering freedom of the known measures. Furthermore, abrasion of the green briquettes cannot generally be prevented. This makes it necessary to replace the sand of the grain bed filling or the sand-fine coke of the grain bed filling from time to time.
- a known method (DE 37 27 464 A1), special measures for setting up or maintaining different treatment zones for the green briquettes are not implemented in the rotary kiln.
- the known method is characterized in that it works with green briquettes free of molten, baking coal, the specific weight of which is greater than the bulk density of by adjusting the mixing ratio and the compression fine sand coke, if the bottom of the rotary kiln is filled with fine sand coke.
- the specific weight of the green briquettes is greater than the bulk density of quartz sand by setting the mixing ratio and the compression if the grain bed filling is made up of quartz sand.
- the invention has for its object to simplify the method described above so that a renewal of the grain bed filling is no longer necessary in the manufacture of certain product briquettes.
- the method should also be set up so that special operating parameters can be set above the grain bed filling in the rotary kiln.
- green briquettes are introduced into the rotary kiln, the bituminous binder of which consists of a pitch / coal alloy and which is at a briquetting temperature of 100 ° C. to 200 ° C have been formed, the sand-fine coke grains in the green briquettes being melted into the pitch / coal alloy in the plasticizing zone.
- the rotary kiln is preferably operated in such a way that the temperature in the grain bed filling rises to 550 ° C.
- the rotary kiln is further operated in such a way that the temperature in the grain bed filling drops to approximately 450 ° C. in the tempering zone. It is advisable to design and operate the rotary kiln in such a way that the raw briquettes are annealed in the tempering zone for twenty to forty minutes, preferably about thirty minutes. - It goes without saying that the rotary kiln is regularly lined with refractory ceramic.
- a grain bed filling the coke grains of which are sufficiently free of volatile constituents, can also be produced by the process according to the invention by starting the furnace journey with a sand bed, until the sand bed filling gradually converts the abrasion into a coke bed filling according to the invention. It goes without saying that part of the coke in the grain bed filling also burns. In this respect, refilling may be necessary.
- the basic structure includes a device for shaping the green briquettes. This facility was not drawn.
- the device for producing the product briquettes is a rotary kiln 1.
- a grain bed filling 4 is located in the rotary kiln 1.
- the granular heat transfer media are guided in a circuit from the feed side 2 through the rotary kiln 1 to the discharge side 3 and back again to the feed side 2.
- the grain bed filling has the same composition as the green briquettes in terms of the granular product fraction and in relation to the granular carbon fraction.
- the rotary kiln 1 can be heated from the feed side with at least one gas burner 5.
- different hatching indicated that a plasticizing zone 6 with an oxidizing atmosphere is maintained in the rotary kiln 1 on the feed side, in which the temperature of the grain bed filling up to increases to over 500 ° C, but in the rest of an annealing zone 7 is realized in which a reducing atmosphere is maintained, in which the temperature of the grain bed filling drops again, to the extent of about 400 ° C.
- the plasticizing zone 6 merges into the tempering zone 7 in the region of the longitudinal center of the rotary kiln.
- the bituminous binder is plasticized in the green briquettes, the volatile components are expelled from the green briquettes sufficiently, the volatile components burning in the oxidizing atmosphere.
- the green briquettes are thereby converted into raw briquettes. These reach tempering zone 7 and are tempered in the tempering zone to produce finished product briquettes.
- the oxidizing atmosphere in the plasticizing zone 6 of the rotary kiln 1 is set with excess air via the operating parameters of the gas burner 5. As already mentioned, the volatile constituents emerging there from the green briquettes are burned via the grain bed filling 4 in the plasticizing zone 6. This creates the reducing atmosphere for the tempering zone 7.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Produkt-Briketts einer vorgegebenen Brikettzusammensetzung mit einem Produktanteil, einem Kohlenstoffanteil aus Koks und gegebenenfalls einem Zusatzanteil, die mit Hilfe eines bituminösen Bindemittels zu Grün-Briketts brikettiert und in einem Drehrohrofen mit einer Kornbettfüllung aus körnigen Wärmeträgern, in den Gasbrenner hineinbrennen und aus dem Rauchgas abgezogen wird, wärmebehandelt werden. - Produkt-Briketts bezeichnet Briketts, die für eine vorgegebene Verwendung bestimmt sind, z.B. als Sand-Briketts bei der Erzeugung von Silicium oder Ferrosilicium, als Erz-Briketts bei der Erzeugung der entsprechenden Metalle eingesetzt werden oder als Brennstoff-Briketts dienen. Sie enthalten ein auf diese Zweckbestimmung abgestimmtes Produkt, wozu zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen konkret auf die Ansprüche 4, 5 und 6 verwiesen wird. Die Wärmebehandlung solcher Grün-Briketts in einem Drehrohrofen mit Kornbettfüllung ist eine bewährte Technologie. Sie verlangt, daß die Kornbettfüllung, die z.B. etwa das halbe Volumen des Drehrohrofens ausfüllt, ein Tauchbett bildet, in dem die Grün-Briketts, ohne aufzuschwimmen, verteilt sind. Man erreicht auf diese Weise eine mechanisch schonende und außerdem sehr gleichmäßige Wärmebehandlung der Grün-Briketts bzw. der sich daraus durch die Wärmebehandlung bildenden fertigen Produkt-Briketts und eine sehr definiert mechanische Festigkeit der fertigen Produkt-Briketts. Die Kornbettfüllung nimmt etwa das halbe Volumen des Drehrohrofens ein, der zum Beispiel eine Länge von 50 Metern und einen Durchmesser von 4 Metern aufweisen kann. Damit ein Aufschwimmen der Grün-Briketts in der Kornbettfüllung nicht stattfindet, muß der Auftrieb verhindert werden. Das Gewicht der Grün-Briketts bzw. der sich bildenden fertigen Produkt-Briketts muß größer sein als das Gewicht des verdrängten Kornbettvolumens. Anders ausgedrückt muß das spezifische Gewicht der Grün-Briketts größer sein als das Schüttgewicht der körnigen Wärmeträger der Kornbettfüllung. Dazu werden im Rahmen der bekannten Maßnahmen die Grün-Briketts entsprechend eingerichtet. Ihr spezifisches Gewicht wird durch die Zusammensetzung und die Verdichtung eingestellt. Im Rahmen der bekannten Maßnahmen besteht die Kornbettfüllung aus Quarzsand oder auch aus sandfeinem Koks, insbesondere Petrolkoks (vgl. DE 37 24 541 A1, DE 37 24 464 A1). Das hat sich bewährt, reduziert jedoch die Verfahrenstechnischen Freiheitsgrade der bekannten Maßnahmen. Im übrigen kann ein Abrieb der Grün-Briketts im allgemeinen nicht verhindert werden. Das macht es erforderlich, den Sand der Kornbettfüllung bzw. den sandfeinen Koks der Kornbettfüllung von Zeit zu Zeit zu erneuern.The invention relates to a process for the production of product briquettes of a given briquette composition with a product fraction, a carbon fraction from coke and optionally an additional fraction, which briquettes with the aid of a bituminous binder to form green briquettes and in a rotary kiln with a granular bed filling made of granular heat carriers burn the gas burner and withdraw it from the flue gas, heat treat it. - Product briquettes are briquettes which are intended for a given use, for example as sand briquettes in the production of silicon or ferrosilicon, as ore briquettes in the production of the corresponding metals or as fuel briquettes. They contain a product that is tailored to this purpose, which is specifically referred to
Bei einem bekannten Verfahren (DE 37 27 464 A1) sind in dem Drehrohrofen besondere Maßnahmen zur Einrichtung oder Aufrechterhaltung unterschiedlicher Behandlungszonen für die Grün-Briketts nicht verwirklicht. Das bekannte Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit von geschmolzener, backender Kohle freien Grün-Briketts gearbeitet wird, deren spezifisches Gewicht durch Einstellung des Mischungsverhältnisses und der Verdichtung größer ist als das Schüttgewicht von sandfeinem Koks, wenn der Drehrohrofen in seinem unteren Teil mit sandfeinem Koks gefüllt ist. Das spezifische Gewicht der Grün-Briketts ist durch Einstellung des Mischungsverhältnisses und der Verdichtung großer als das Schüttgewicht von Quarzsand, wenn die Kornbettfüllung aus Quarzsand aufgebaut ist. Im Rahmen dieser bekannten Maßnahmen wird ausgenutzt, daß von backender Kohle freie, d.h. unter Verzicht auf eine Heißbrikettierung mit Hilfe eines bituminösen Bindemittels geformte Grün-Briketts einer verhältnismäßig geringen Grün-festigkeit in dem Drehrohrofen so gehärtet werden können, daß die fertigen Produktbriketts den physikalischen und chemischen Anforderungen ausreichend genügen, und zwar beim Verladen, beim Transport und bei der Lagerung sowie im Rahmen der metallurgischen Verwendungen oder beim Verbrennen. Die Wärmebehandlung in der Kornbettfüllung erfolgt weitgehend unter Luftabschluß. In bezug auf die Atmosphäre oberhalb der Kornbettfüllung werden im Rahmen der bekannten Maßnahmen spezielle Betriebsparameter nicht eingestellt.In a known method (DE 37 27 464 A1), special measures for setting up or maintaining different treatment zones for the green briquettes are not implemented in the rotary kiln. The known method is characterized in that it works with green briquettes free of molten, baking coal, the specific weight of which is greater than the bulk density of by adjusting the mixing ratio and the compression fine sand coke, if the bottom of the rotary kiln is filled with fine sand coke. The specific weight of the green briquettes is greater than the bulk density of quartz sand by setting the mixing ratio and the compression if the grain bed filling is made up of quartz sand. Within the scope of these known measures, use is made of the fact that green briquettes free of baking coal, ie without hot briquetting using a bituminous binder, of a relatively low green strength can be hardened in the rotary kiln in such a way that the finished product briquettes meet the physical and chemical requirements are sufficient, namely during loading, transport and storage as well as in the context of metallurgical uses or when burning. The heat treatment in the grain bed filling takes place largely with the exclusion of air. With regard to the atmosphere above the grain bed filling, special operating parameters are not set as part of the known measures.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das eingangs beschriebene Verfahren so zu vereinfachen, daß eine Erneuerung der Kornbettfüllung bei der Herstellung bestimmter Produkt-Briketts nicht mehr erforderlich ist. Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung soll darüber hinaus das Verfahren so eingerichtet werden, daß oberhalb der Kornbettfüllung in dem Drehrohrofen spezielle Betriebsparameter eingestellt werden können.The invention has for its object to simplify the method described above so that a renewal of the grain bed filling is no longer necessary in the manufacture of certain product briquettes. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method should also be set up so that special operating parameters can be set above the grain bed filling in the rotary kiln.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist Gegenstand der Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Produkt-Briketts einer vorgegebenen Brikettzusammensetzung mit
- einem Produktanteil,
- einem Kohlenstoffanteil aus Koks und
- gegebenenfalls einem Zusatzstoffanteil,
- a) aus dem körnigen Produktanteil und dem körnigen Kohlenstoffanteil sowie gegebenenfalls den feinteiligen Zusatzstoffanteil werden mit Hilfe des bituminösen Bindemittels Grün-Briketts durch Pressen geformt,
- b) der Drehrohrofen wird mit einer Kornbettfüllung versehen, deren Zusammensetzung der Zusammensetzung der Grün-Briketts in bezug auf den körnigen Produktanteil sowie in bezug auf den körnigen Kohlenstoffanteil entspricht,
- c) die Kornbettfüllung wird mit dem Abrieb der Grün-Briketts bei der Wärmebehandlung angereichert,
- einem Produktanteil,
- einem Kohlenstoffanteil aus Koks und
- gegebenenfalls einem Zusatzstoffanteil,
- a) Aus dem körnigen Produktanteil und dem körnigen Kohlenstoffanteil sowie gegebenenfalls dem feinteiligen Zusatzstoffanteil werden mit Hilfe des bituminösen Bindemittels Grün-Briketts durch Pressen geformt,
- b) der Drehrohrofen wird mit einer Kornbettfüllung versehen, deren Zusammensetzung der Zusammensetzung der Grün-Briketts in bezug auf den körnigen Produktanteil sowie in bezug auf den körnigen Kohlenstoffanteil entspricht,
- c) die Kornbettfüllung wird mit dem Abrieb der Grün-Briketts bei der Wärmebehandlung angereichert,
- d) in dem Drehrohrofen wird aufgabeseitig eine Plastifizierzone mit oxidierender Atmosphäre aufrechterhalten, in der die Temperatur der Kornbettfüllung bis auf über 500 °C ansteigt,
- e) in dem Drehrohofen wird abgabeseitig eine Temperzone mit reduzierender Atmosphäre aufrechterhalten, in der die Temperatur der Kornbettfüllung wieder abfällt, und zwar bis in den Bereich von etwa 400 °C,
- f) die Plastifizierzone geht im Bereich der Drehrohrofenmitte in die Temperzone über,
- g) in der Plastifizierzone wird das bituminöse Bindemittel in den Grün-Briketts zunächst plastifiziert, die flüchtigen Bestandteile werden aus den Grün-Briketts ausreichend ausgetrieben und die Grün-Briketts werden dadurch in Roh-Briketts umgewandelt,
- h) in der Temperzone werden die Roh-Briketts zu den fertigen Produkt-Briketts getempert,
- a product share,
- a carbon content from coke and
- optionally an additive portion,
- a) green briquettes are formed from the granular product component and the granular carbon component and, if appropriate, the finely divided additive component, by pressing with the bituminous binder,
- b) the rotary kiln is provided with a grain bed filling, the composition of which corresponds to the composition of the green briquettes in relation to the granular product fraction and in relation to the granular carbon fraction,
- c) the grain bed filling is enriched with the abrasion of the green briquettes during the heat treatment,
- a product share,
- a carbon content from coke and
- optionally an additive portion,
- a) Green briquettes are formed from the granular product component and the granular carbon component and, if appropriate, the finely divided additive component, by pressing with the bituminous binder,
- b) the rotary kiln is provided with a grain bed filling, the composition of which corresponds to the composition of the green briquettes in relation to the granular product fraction and in relation to the granular carbon fraction,
- c) the grain bed filling is enriched with the abrasion of the green briquettes during the heat treatment,
- d) in the rotary tube furnace, a plasticizing zone with an oxidizing atmosphere is maintained on the feed side, in which the temperature of the grain bed filling rises to over 500 ° C.,
- e) a tempering zone with a reducing atmosphere is maintained in the rotary kiln on the discharge side, in which the temperature of the grain bed filling drops again, to the extent of about 400 ° C.,
- f) the plasticizing zone merges with the tempering zone in the area of the center of the rotary kiln,
- g) in the plasticizing zone, the bituminous binder is first plasticized in the green briquettes, the volatile constituents are sufficiently expelled from the green briquettes and the green briquettes are thereby converted into raw briquettes,
- h) in the tempering zone, the raw briquettes are annealed to the finished product briquettes,
Wird das zuletzt beschriebene Verfahren mit den differenzierten Behandlungszonen verwirklicht, so werden nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung in den Drehrohrofen Grün-Briketts eingeführt, deren bituminöses Bindemittel aus einer Pech/Kohle-Legierung besteht und die bei einer Brikettiertemperatur von 100 °C bis 200 °C geformt worden sind, wobei in der Plastifizierzone die sandfeinen Kokskörner in den Grün-Briketts in die Pech/Kohle-Legierung gleichsam eingeschmolzen werden. Vorzugsweise wird der Drehrohrofen so betrieben, daß in der Plastifizierzone die Temperatur in der Kornbettfüllung bis auf 550 °C ansteigt, während der Drehrohrofen fernerhin so betrieben wird, daß in der Temperzone die Temperatur in der Kornbettfüllung bis auf etwa 450 °C abfällt. Es empfiehlt sich, den Drehrohrofen so auszulegen und zu betreiben, daß die Roh-Briketts in der Temperzone zwanzig bis vierzig Minuten, vorzugsweise etwa dreißig Minuten getempert werden. - Es versteht sich, daß der Drehrohrofen regelmäßig mit feuerfester Keramik ausgekleidet ist.If the last-described method is implemented with the differentiated treatment zones, then according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, green briquettes are introduced into the rotary kiln, the bituminous binder of which consists of a pitch / coal alloy and which is at a briquetting temperature of 100 ° C. to 200 ° C have been formed, the sand-fine coke grains in the green briquettes being melted into the pitch / coal alloy in the plasticizing zone. The rotary kiln is preferably operated in such a way that the temperature in the grain bed filling rises to 550 ° C. in the plasticizing zone, while the rotary kiln is further operated in such a way that the temperature in the grain bed filling drops to approximately 450 ° C. in the tempering zone. It is advisable to design and operate the rotary kiln in such a way that the raw briquettes are annealed in the tempering zone for twenty to forty minutes, preferably about thirty minutes. - It goes without saying that the rotary kiln is regularly lined with refractory ceramic.
Da die Kornbettfüllung Kokskörner enthält, empfiehlt es sich, dafür zu sorgen, daß die Kokskörner der Kornbettfüllung praktisch frei von flüchtigen Bestandteilen sind. Das ist wichtig, um zu vermeiden, daß bei Inbetriebnahme des Drehrohrofens im Rahmen des erfindungsgemaßen Verfahrens Verpuffungen oder Explosionen entstehen. Mann kann eine Kornbettfüllung, dessen Kokskörner ausreichend frei von flüchtigen Bestandteilen sind, auch im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens selbst erzeugen, und zwar dadurch, daß die Ofenreise mit einem Sandbett begonnen wird, bis die Sandbettfüllung den Abrieb allmählich in eine erfindungsgemäße Koksbettfüllung umwandelt. Es versteht sich, daß ein Teil des Kokses in der Kornbettfüllung auch verbrennt. Insoweit kann ein Nachfüllen erforderlich sein.Since the grain bed filling contains coke grains, it is advisable to ensure that the coke grains of the grain bed filling are practically free of volatile constituents. This is important in order to avoid that deflagrations or explosions occur when the rotary kiln is started up as part of the method according to the invention. A grain bed filling, the coke grains of which are sufficiently free of volatile constituents, can also be produced by the process according to the invention by starting the furnace journey with a sand bed, until the sand bed filling gradually converts the abrasion into a coke bed filling according to the invention. It goes without saying that part of the coke in the grain bed filling also burns. In this respect, refilling may be necessary.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung ausführlicher erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt eine Anlage zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing showing only one exemplary embodiment. The single figure shows a plant for carrying out the method according to the invention.
Zum grundsätzlichen Aufbau gehört eine Einrichtung für die Formung der Grün-Briketts. Diese Einrichtung wurde nicht gezeichnet.The basic structure includes a device for shaping the green briquettes. This facility was not drawn.
Die Einrichtung für die Herstellung der Produkt-Briketts ist ein Drehrohrofen 1. Mann erkennt die Aufgabeseite 2 für die Grün-Briketts und die Abgabeseite 3 für die fertigen Produkt-Briketts, die außerhalb des Drehrohrofens 1 noch eine Kühlung erfahren. In dem Drehrohrofen 1 befindet sich eine Kornbettfüllung 4. Die körnigen Wärmeträger werden im Kreislauf von der Aufgabeseite 2 aus durch den Drehrohrofen 1 zur Abgabeseite 3 und wieder zurück zur Aufgabeseite 2 geführt. Die Kornbettfüllung hat in bezug auf den körnigen Produktanteil sowie in bezug auf den körnigen Kohlenstoffanteil die gleiche Zusammensetzung wie die Grün-Briketts. Der Drehrohrofen 1 ist von der Aufgabeseite aus mit zumindest einem Gasbrenner 5 beheizbar. In der Figur wurde durch unterschiedliche Schraffur angedeutet, daß in dem Drehrohrofen 1 aufgabeseitig eine Plastifizierzone 6 mit oxidierender Atmosphäre aufrechterhalten wird, in der die Temperatur der Kornbettfüllung bis auf über 500 °C ansteigt, daß im übrigen aber eine Temperzone 7 verwirklicht ist, in der eine reduzierende Atmosphäre aufrechterhalten wird, in der die Temperatur der Kornbettfüllung wieder abfällt, und zwar bis in den Bereich von etwa 400 °C. Die Plastifizierzone 6 geht im Bereich der Drehrohrofenlängsmitte in die Temperzone 7 über. In der Plastifizierzone 6 wird das bituminöse Bindemittel in den Grün-Briketts plastifiziert, die flüchtigen Bestandteile werden aus den Grün-Briketts ausreichend ausgetrieben, wobei die flüchtigen Bestandteile in der oxidierenden Atmosphäre verbrennen. Die Grün-Briketts werden dadurch in Roh-Briketts umgewandelt. Diese gelangen in die Temperzone 7 und werden in der Temperzone zu fertigen Produkt-Briketts getempert.The device for producing the product briquettes is a rotary kiln 1. One recognizes the feed side 2 for the green briquettes and the discharge side 3 for the finished product briquettes, which are also cooled outside the rotary kiln 1. A grain bed filling 4 is located in the rotary kiln 1. The granular heat transfer media are guided in a circuit from the feed side 2 through the rotary kiln 1 to the discharge side 3 and back again to the feed side 2. The grain bed filling has the same composition as the green briquettes in terms of the granular product fraction and in relation to the granular carbon fraction. The rotary kiln 1 can be heated from the feed side with at least one
Die oxidierende Atmosphäre in der Plastifizierzone 6 des Drehrohrofens 1 wird über die Betriebsparameter des Gasbrenners 5 mit Luftüberschuß eingestellt. Wie bereits erwähnt, werden in der Plastifizierzone 6 die dort aus den Grün-Briketts austretenden flüchtigen Bestandteile über die Kornbettfüllung 4 verbrannt. Dadurch wird die reduzierende Atmosphäre für die Temperzone 7 erzeugt.The oxidizing atmosphere in the plasticizing zone 6 of the rotary kiln 1 is set with excess air via the operating parameters of the
Claims (12)
- A procedure for producing product briquettes with a specified briquette composition comprisinga product part,a carbon part made up of coke,and, if applicable, an additive,which are formed into green briquettes with the aid of a bituminous binding agent, said briquettes being heat treated in a rotary kiln filled with a bed of granular heat transfer medium, the kiln being heated by gas burners and flue gas being exhausted, and in which the following procedural steps are carried out:a) green briquettes being pressed from the granular product part, the granular carbon part and, if applicable, the fine-particled additive part with the aid of the bituminous binding agent,b) the rotary kiln being filled with a granular bed filling corresponding in its composition to that of the green briquettes with regards to its granular product part and its granular carbon part,c) the granular bed filling being enriched during the heat treatment by by rubbed-off green briquette material,the granular heat transfer medium of the bed and the rubbed-off green briquette material being circulated between the feeder and the exit side of the rotary kiln and any excess material created by the absorption of the rubbed-off material being drawn off.
- A procedure according to claim 1, in which excess material created by the absorption of the rubbed-off material is forwarded to the manufacture of the green briquettes where it becomes a part of the said briquettes.
- A procedure according to one of the claims 1 or 2, in which petroleum coke is used as the granular carbon part.
- A procedure according to one of the claims 1 to 3, in which for the production of sand briquettes (for the generation of silicon or ferro-silicon), silica sand forms the product part of the green briquettes.
- A procedure according to one of the claims 1 to 3, in which for the production of ore briquettes (for the generation of the respective metals) granular ores are used in the green briquettes.
- A procedure according to one of the claims 1 to 3, in which during the production of fuel briquettes (for heating purposes), non-baking, fine-grained coal is used as the product part in the green briquettes.
- A procedure for producing product briquettes with a specified briquette composition comprisinga product part,a carbon part made up of coke,and, if applicable, an additive,which are formed into green briquettes with the aid of a bituminous binding agent, said briquettes being heat treated in a rotary kiln filled with a bed of granular heat transfer medium, the kiln being heated by gas burners and flue gas being exhausted, and in which the following procedural steps are carried out:a) green briquettes being pressed from the granular product part, the granular carbon part and, if applicable, the fine-particled additive part with the aid of the bituminous binding agent,b) the rotary kiln being filled with a granular bed filling corresponding in its composition to that of the green briquettes with regards to its granular product part and its granular carbon part,c) the granular bed filling being enriched during the heat treatment by rubbed-off green briquette material,d) a plastification zone with an oxidising atmosphere being maintained on the feeder side of the rotary kiln, in which the temperature of the granular bed filling rises to above 500°C.e) a temper zone with a reduced atmosphere being maintained on the exit side of the rotary kiln, in which the temperature of the granular bed filling is reduced to approx. 400°C,f) the plastification zone passing over into the temper zone at approx. the centre of the rotary kiln,g) the bituminous binding agent in the green briquettes being initially plastified in the plastification zone with the volatile components of the green briquettes being sufficiently emitted and the green briquettes being thus converted to raw briquettes,h) the raw briquettes being tempered to the finished product briquettes in the temper zone,the oxidising atmosphere in the plastification zone of the rotary kiln being adjusted by the operating parameters of the gas burners (excess air), the volatile components emitted from the green briquettes being burnt over the granular bed filling in the plastification zone, thus creating the reducing atmosphere for the temper zone and the granular heat transfer medium of the bed and the rubbed-off green briquette material being circulated between the feeder and the exit side of the rotary kiln and any excess material created by the absorption of the rubbed-off material being drawn off.
- A procedure according to claim 7, in which the excess material created by the absorption of the rubbed-off material is passed on to the green briquette manufacturing process where it becomes part of the said briquettes.
- A procedure according to one of the claims 1 to 8, in which green briquettes formed by a briquette press are inserted into the rotary kiln.
- A procedure according to one of the claims 1 to 9, in which green briquettes are inserted into the rotary kiln, whose bituminous binding agent is a pitch/coal alloy and which were formed at a briquetting temperature of 100°C to 200°C and in which the sand-grain sized coke granules in the green briquettes are melted into the pitch/coal alloy in the plastification zone.
- A procedure according to one of the claims 7 to 10 in which the rotary kiln is operated in such away that the temperature in the granular bed filling rises up to 550°C and the temperature in the temper zone decreases to approx. 450°C.
- A procedure according to one of the claims 7 to 11, in which the rotary kiln is operated in such a way that the raw briquettes in the temper zone are tempered for twenty to forty minutes and preferably 30 minutes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4214434 | 1992-05-06 | ||
DE4214434A DE4214434C1 (en) | 1992-05-06 | 1992-05-06 |
Publications (2)
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EP0568984A1 EP0568984A1 (en) | 1993-11-10 |
EP0568984B1 true EP0568984B1 (en) | 1996-11-06 |
Family
ID=6457947
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP93107235A Expired - Lifetime EP0568984B1 (en) | 1992-05-06 | 1993-05-04 | Process for manufacturing briquettes of predetermined composition |
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EP (1) | EP0568984B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4214434C1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3724541A1 (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1989-02-02 | Applied Ind Materials | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF RAW MATERIAL BRIQUETTES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SILICON OR SILICON CARBIDE OR FERROSILICIUM |
DE3727464A1 (en) * | 1987-08-18 | 1989-03-02 | Applied Ind Materials | Process and system for the production of fuel briquettes |
DE3843449A1 (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1990-06-28 | Applied Ind Materials | FUEL BRIQUETTES AND PRODUCTION METHOD |
DE3930182A1 (en) * | 1989-07-15 | 1991-01-24 | Applied Ind Materials | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FUEL BRIQUETTES |
-
1992
- 1992-05-06 DE DE4214434A patent/DE4214434C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-05-04 EP EP93107235A patent/EP0568984B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-04 DE DE59304385T patent/DE59304385D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE4214434C1 (en) | 1993-07-15 |
DE59304385D1 (en) | 1996-12-12 |
EP0568984A1 (en) | 1993-11-10 |
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