EP0568932A1 - Desmodromic device for driving internal combustion engine valves - Google Patents

Desmodromic device for driving internal combustion engine valves Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0568932A1
EP0568932A1 EP93107042A EP93107042A EP0568932A1 EP 0568932 A1 EP0568932 A1 EP 0568932A1 EP 93107042 A EP93107042 A EP 93107042A EP 93107042 A EP93107042 A EP 93107042A EP 0568932 A1 EP0568932 A1 EP 0568932A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
lever
closing
valves
valve
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP93107042A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0568932B1 (en
Inventor
Oliver Ratiu
Clemens Bandel
Michael Kuhn
Xaver Stemmer
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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Publication of EP0568932A1 publication Critical patent/EP0568932A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F01L1/265—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder peculiar to machines or engines with three or more intake valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/30—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of positively opened and closed valves, i.e. desmodromic valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/20—SOHC [Single overhead camshaft]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for desmodromic control of the gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Desmodromic valve controls offer the advantage of higher valve accelerations in the opening and closing directions, which enables more precise gas changes with larger valve opening cross sections.
  • a disadvantage is the greater outlay on components and during assembly, in particular if three gas exchange valves per cylinder are to be actuated at the same time in a generic manner (e.g. reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with five valves per cylinder).
  • the object of the invention is to propose a generic device for desmodromic valve control which, in addition to a robust construction, is structurally and production-technically favorable and enables simple assembly.
  • the features of the invention provide a device which, due to the separate closer lever in conjunction with a one-piece cam follower and a one-piece opener lever is inexpensive to manufacture. Due to the "inner bearing" between the closer lever and the opener lever, an assembly is created with simple assembly, which can then be installed as a whole in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine.
  • the bridge-like design of the opening lever and the cam follower ensures symmetrical power transmission during valve actuation, which ensures a robust construction with little wear.
  • the opening lever can preferably be driven via a central contact surface via a single opening cam of the camshaft, while the closing lever is driven by two contact cams via two contact surfaces that are spaced apart and on both sides of the central contact surface.
  • the opener cam can be pivotably mounted on the closer levers or the cam follower via at least two bearing points.
  • valve lash adjusting elements are proposed, which are located on the closing side between the closer levers and the cam follower and between the open lever and the gas exchange valves are provided on the opener side.
  • Commercial hydraulic valve lash compensation elements in the form of piston-cylinder units with an integrated check valve can preferably be used.
  • 10 denotes a partially illustrated cylinder head of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, in which five gas exchange valves or three intake valves 12 and two exhaust valves 13 per cylinder 11 (see FIG. 2, only the central intake valve 12 in the cross section of FIG. 1 is shown visible) are slidably mounted.
  • the inlet valves 12 control inlet channels 14 on and off.
  • An intake camshaft 16 is rotatably mounted in the cylinder head 10 above the intake valves 12. Another exhaust camshaft, not shown, actuates the exhaust valves 13 in a manner also not shown.
  • the camshaft 16 carries two NO cams 20 and one NC cam 18 located between them for each cylinder 11 of the internal combustion engine 10.
  • the device for desmodromic valve control is composed essentially of an opener lever 22 on the opener side and three closer levers 24 and a cam follower 26 cooperating with them on the closing side.
  • the opening lever 22 and the closing lever 24 act in a manner yet to be described on the stems 28 of the inlet valves 12 and transmit through the contact surface 30 on the opening lever 22 and via the two contact surfaces 32 on the cam follower 26 through the opening cam 18 and the closer cam 20 predetermined valve control.
  • the device 22 to 26 described is arranged in a pivotable manner about an axis 34 in the cylinder head 10 or on transverse walls 36.
  • FIG. 2 shows the assembly or assembly unit for actuating the three inlet valves 12 in a spatial representation.
  • the opening lever 22 acts via a bridge member 37 with three end caps 38 via valve lash adjusting elements or hydraulic valve lash compensation elements 40 (not shown) in the opening direction on the end faces of the valve stems 28
  • the cam follower 26 which cooperates with the locking cams 20 via the contact surfaces 32, is designed in one piece as a bridge and has three caps 44 which are open to the closer levers 24 and which, in turn, have valve lash adjusting elements (e.g. adjusting screws) or hydraulic valve lash compensation elements 40 the opposite end regions 46 of the closing lever 24 act opposite the valve stems 28.
  • the cam follower 26 thus forms functionally with the closing levers 24 the closing-side valve actuation, predetermined by the closing cams 20 of the camshaft 16.
  • the cam follower 26 and the closer lever 24 can be pivoted via bearing sections 48, 50 (cf. also FIGS. 4 and 5) on the axis 34 stored.
  • the opening lever 22 is independent of the bearing via the axis 34 on the bearing sections 50 of the cam follower 26 pivoted about an imaginary axis a (see Figure 6).
  • a spherical cap 51 is formed on each of the bearing sections 50, which, with two supports 52 formed on the opening lever 22 and having hemispherical heads 53, form a pivot bearing.
  • the oil supply to the contact surface 30 on the opening lever 22 and the spherical bearing 51, 53 and, if appropriate, the pressure oil supply to the hydraulic valve lash compensation elements 40 on the opening lever 22 can optionally take place via an oil channel, which via the hollow axis 34 and via corresponding radial bores in the axis 34 and in the bearing sections 50 through the opening lever 22.
  • the assembly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be held together by a substantially U-shaped leg spring (not shown), the leg spring being able to be supported with its free leg ends on the closer levers 24 and with its base section on the cam follower 26.
  • FIG. 6 shows the kinematics of movement between the opening lever 22 or the spherical contact surfaces 56 of each valve lash compensating element 40 in the caps 38 of the bridge member 37 and the adjacent end faces 28a of the valve stems 28.
  • the contact surfaces 56 of the compensating elements 40 are in alignment (cf. also FIG. 2) with the end faces 28a, the valve angle of the middle inlet valve 12 to the respective cylinder axis of the internal combustion engine being less than the valve angle of the two outer inlet valves.
  • the bearing point a of the spherical bearing 51, 53 of the opening lever 22 is in the vertical projection (see arrow 58) onto the valve stems 28 within the valve opening and closing position of the contact point and the radius r of the spherical contact surface 56 corresponds approximately to half the effective pivoting radius (Length of arrow 58) of the opening lever 22.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the desmodromic control of the exhaust and refill valves of an internal combustion engine, which has three identically functioning valves (12) per cylinder, which are actuated by means of opening (18) and closing cams (20) on a camshaft (16) by way of swivel-mounted opening (22) and closing levers (24), three closing levers (24), in order to obtain a robust construction of advantageous design, being supported so that they can swivel on a fixed axis and acting at one end in the closing direction on the valves, the closing levers at the other end interacting with a one-piece cam follower (26) which is actuated by at least one closing cam, valve play adjusting elements (40) being arranged between cam follower and closing levers, a single-piece opening lever interacting with at least one opening cam and by way of a formed-on bridge element acting on the three valves in the opening direction, and the opening lever being swivel-mounted on the bearing sections of the closing lever and/or the cam follower. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum desmodromischen Steuern der Gaswechselventile einer Brennkraftmaschine, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a device for desmodromic control of the gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Desmodromische Ventilsteuerungen bieten den Vorteil höherer Ventilbeschleunigungen im Öffnungs- und Schließsinne, wodurch exaktere Gaswechsel bei größeren Ventilöffnungsquerschnitten möglich sind. Nachteilig ist der größere Aufwand an Bauteilen und bei der Montage, insbesondere wenn in gattungsgemäßer Weise drei Gaswechselventile je Zylinder gleichzeitig betätigt werden sollen (z. B. Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit fünf Ventilen je Zylinder).Desmodromic valve controls offer the advantage of higher valve accelerations in the opening and closing directions, which enables more precise gas changes with larger valve opening cross sections. A disadvantage is the greater outlay on components and during assembly, in particular if three gas exchange valves per cylinder are to be actuated at the same time in a generic manner (e.g. reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with five valves per cylinder).

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur desmodromischen Ventilsteuerung vorzuschlagen, die neben einer robusten Konstruktion baulich und fertigungstechnisch günstig ausgebildet ist und eine einfache Montage ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to propose a generic device for desmodromic valve control which, in addition to a robust construction, is structurally and production-technically favorable and enables simple assembly.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den weiteren Patentansprüchen entnehmbar.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention can be found in the further claims.

Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Merkmale wird eine Vorrichtung geschaffen, die aufgrund der separaten Schließerhebel in Verbindung mit einem einteiligen Nockenfolger und einem einteiligen Öffnerhebel fertigungstechnisch günstig herstellbar ist. Durch die "innere Lagerung" zwischen Schließerhebeln und Öffnerhebel wird bei einfacher Montage eine Baugruppe geschaffen, die dann als Ganzes in den Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine einbaubar ist. Dabei ist durch die brückenartige Auslegung des Öffnerhebels und des Nockenfolgers eine symmetrische Kraftübertragung bei der Ventilbetätigung gegeben, die eine robuste Konstruktion bei geringem Verschleiß sicherstellt.The features of the invention provide a device which, due to the separate closer lever in conjunction with a one-piece cam follower and a one-piece opener lever is inexpensive to manufacture. Due to the "inner bearing" between the closer lever and the opener lever, an assembly is created with simple assembly, which can then be installed as a whole in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine. The bridge-like design of the opening lever and the cam follower ensures symmetrical power transmission during valve actuation, which ensures a robust construction with little wear.

Bevorzugt kann dabei gemäß den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 2 und 3 der Öffnerhebel über eine mittige Anlauffläche über einen einzigen Öffnernocken der Nockenwelle angetrieben sein, während die Schließerhebel über zwei voneinander beabstandete und beiderseits der mittigen Anlauffläche liegende Anlaufflächen von zwei Schließernocken angetrieben werden. Zur Erzielung einer kippfreien Führung kann dabei der Öffnernocken über zumindest zwei Lagerstellen auf den Schließerhebeln oder dem Nockenfolger schwenkbar gelagert sein.According to the features of claims 2 and 3, the opening lever can preferably be driven via a central contact surface via a single opening cam of the camshaft, while the closing lever is driven by two contact cams via two contact surfaces that are spaced apart and on both sides of the central contact surface. To achieve tilt-free guidance, the opener cam can be pivotably mounted on the closer levers or the cam follower via at least two bearing points.

Um eine baulich und räumlich günstige Lagerung des Öffnerhebels zu erreichen, wird ferner gemäß den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 4 und 5 vorgeschlagen, die Lagerungen durch Gleitflächen mit imaginären Schwenkachsen, insbesondere durch sphärische Gleitflächen ähnlich Kugelgelenken herzustellen.In order to achieve a structurally and spatially favorable mounting of the opening lever, it is further proposed according to the features of claims 4 and 5 to produce the bearings by sliding surfaces with imaginary pivot axes, in particular by spherical sliding surfaces similar to ball joints.

Zum Ausgleich von Toleranzen innerhalb des gesamten Ventiltriebes werden Ventilspiel-Einstellelemente vorgeschlagen, die zwischen den Schließerhebeln und dem Nockenfolger schließseitig und zwischen dem Öffnerhebel und den Gaswechselventilen öffnerseitig vorgesehen sind. Bevorzugt können dabei handelsübliche hydraulische Ventilspiel-Ausgleichselemente in Form von Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten mit integriertem Rückschlagventil verwendet sein.To compensate for tolerances within the entire valve train, valve lash adjusting elements are proposed, which are located on the closing side between the closer levers and the cam follower and between the open lever and the gas exchange valves are provided on the opener side. Commercial hydraulic valve lash compensation elements in the form of piston-cylinder units with an integrated check valve can preferably be used.

Durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 8 wird sichergestellt, daß bei mit verschiedenen Ventilwinkeln angeordneten Gaswechselventilen eine kinematisch exakte Bewegungsübertragung bei baulich einfacher Konstruktion gegeben ist.The features of claim 8 ensure that kinematically exact movement transmission with a structurally simple construction is provided with gas exchange valves arranged with different valve angles.

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher beschrieben. Die schematische Zeichnung zeigt in

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt entlang einer Zylinderachse einer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit fünf Ventilen je Zylinder und mit einer Vorrichtung zur desmodromischen Ventilssteuerung;
Fig. 2
in raumbildlicher Darstellung die Vorrichtung zur desmodromischen Ventilsteuerung der drei Gaswechselventile;
Fig. 3
in raumbildlicher Darstellung den Öffnerhebel der Vorrichtung gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2;
Fig. 4
den Nockenfolger der Vorrichtung nach den Figuren 1 und 2;
Fig. 5
die Schließerhebel der Vorrichtung nach den Figuren 1 und 2;
Fig. 6
eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung mit Nockenfolger, Schließerhebel und Öffnerhebel und Darstellung der Bewegungskinematik zwischen Öffnerhebel und Gaswechselventilen.
The invention is described in more detail using an exemplary embodiment. The schematic drawing shows in
Fig. 1
a cross-section along a cylinder axis of a reciprocating internal combustion engine with five valves per cylinder and with a device for desmodromic valve control;
Fig. 2
in a spatial representation the device for desmodromic valve control of the three gas exchange valves;
Fig. 3
in a spatial representation the opening lever of the device according to Figures 1 and 2;
Fig. 4
the cam follower of the device according to Figures 1 and 2;
Fig. 5
the closer lever of the device according to Figures 1 and 2;
Fig. 6
a side view of the device with cam follower, closer lever and opener lever and showing the movement kinematics between the opener lever and gas exchange valves.

In der Figur 1 ist mit 10 ein teilweise dargestellter Zylinderkopf einer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine bezeichnet, in dem je Zylinder 11 fünf Gaswechselventile bzw. drei Einlaßventile 12 und zwei Auslaßventile 13 (vgl. Figur 2, im Querschnitt der Figur 1 ist nur das mittlere Einlaßventil 12 ersichtlich) verschiebbar gelagert sind. Die Einlaßventile 12 steuern dabei Einlaßkanäle 14 auf und zu.In FIG. 1, 10 denotes a partially illustrated cylinder head of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, in which five gas exchange valves or three intake valves 12 and two exhaust valves 13 per cylinder 11 (see FIG. 2, only the central intake valve 12 in the cross section of FIG. 1 is shown visible) are slidably mounted. The inlet valves 12 control inlet channels 14 on and off.

Oberhalb der Einlaßventile 12 ist eine Einlaß-Nockenwelle 16 drehbar im Zylinderkopf 10 gelagert. Eine weitere nicht dargestellte Auslaß-Nockenwelle betätigt in ebenfalls nicht dargestellter Weise die Auslaßventile 13.An intake camshaft 16 is rotatably mounted in the cylinder head 10 above the intake valves 12. Another exhaust camshaft, not shown, actuates the exhaust valves 13 in a manner also not shown.

Die Nockenwelle 16 trägt je Zylinder 11 der Brennkraftmaschine 10 zwei Schließernocken 20 und einen dazwischen befindlichen Öffnernocken 18.The camshaft 16 carries two NO cams 20 and one NC cam 18 located between them for each cylinder 11 of the internal combustion engine 10.

Die Vorrichtung zur desmodromischen Ventilsteuerung setzt sich im wesentlichen öffnerseitig aus einem Öffnerhebel 22 und schließseitig aus drei Schließerhebeln 24 und einem mit diesen zusammenwirkenden Nockenfolger 26 zusammen. Der Öffnerhebel 22 und die Schließerhebel 24 wirken in noch zu beschreibender Weise auf die Schäfte 28 der Einlaßventile 12 und übertragen über die Anlauffläche 30 am Öffnerhebel 22 und über die beiden Anlaufflächen 32 an dem Nockenfolger 26 die durch den Öffnernocken 18 und die Schließernocken 20 vorgegebene Ventilsteuerung. Die beschriebene Vorrichtung 22 bis 26 ist ortsfest über eine Achse 34 schwenkbar im Zylinderkopf 10 bzw. an Querwänden 36 angeordnet.The device for desmodromic valve control is composed essentially of an opener lever 22 on the opener side and three closer levers 24 and a cam follower 26 cooperating with them on the closing side. The opening lever 22 and the closing lever 24 act in a manner yet to be described on the stems 28 of the inlet valves 12 and transmit through the contact surface 30 on the opening lever 22 and via the two contact surfaces 32 on the cam follower 26 through the opening cam 18 and the closer cam 20 predetermined valve control. The device 22 to 26 described is arranged in a pivotable manner about an axis 34 in the cylinder head 10 or on transverse walls 36.

Die Figur 2 zeigt raumbildlich die Baugruppe oder Montageeinheit zum Betätigen der drei Einlaßventile 12. Dabei wirkt der Öffnerhebel 22 über ein Brückenglied 37 mit drei Endkappen 38 über nicht näher dargestellte Ventilspiel-Einstellelemente bzw. hydraulische Ventilspiel-Ausgleichselemente 40 im Öffnungssinne auf die Stirnflächen der Ventilschäfte 28.FIG. 2 shows the assembly or assembly unit for actuating the three inlet valves 12 in a spatial representation. The opening lever 22 acts via a bridge member 37 with three end caps 38 via valve lash adjusting elements or hydraulic valve lash compensation elements 40 (not shown) in the opening direction on the end faces of the valve stems 28

Im Gegensinn greifen gabelförmige Endbereiche 41 der Schließerhebel 24 unter Anschlagringe 42, die an den Schäften 28 der Einlaßventile 12 festgelegt sind.In the opposite direction, fork-shaped end regions 41 of the closer lever 24 engage under stop rings 42, which are fixed to the shafts 28 of the inlet valves 12.

Der mit den Schließnocken 20 über die Anlaufflächen 32 zusammenwirkende Nockenfolger 26 ist einstückig brückenartig ausgebildet und weist drei zu den Schließerhebeln 24 offene Kappen 44 auf, die wiederum über Ventilspiel-Einstellelemente (z. B. Einstellschrauben) bzw. über hydraulische Ventilspiel-Ausgleichselemente 40 auf die entgegengesetzt den Ventilschäften 28 liegenden Endbereiche 46 der Schließerhebel 24 wirken. Der Nockenfolger 26 bildet somit funktionell mit den Schließhebeln 24 die schließseitige Ventilbetätigung, vorgegeben durch die Schließnocken 20 der Nockenwelle 16. Der Nockenfolger 26 und die Schließerhebel 24 sind schwenkbar über Lagerabschnitte 48, 50 (vgl. auch Figuren 4 und 5) auf der Achse 34 gelagert.The cam follower 26, which cooperates with the locking cams 20 via the contact surfaces 32, is designed in one piece as a bridge and has three caps 44 which are open to the closer levers 24 and which, in turn, have valve lash adjusting elements (e.g. adjusting screws) or hydraulic valve lash compensation elements 40 the opposite end regions 46 of the closing lever 24 act opposite the valve stems 28. The cam follower 26 thus forms functionally with the closing levers 24 the closing-side valve actuation, predetermined by the closing cams 20 of the camshaft 16. The cam follower 26 and the closer lever 24 can be pivoted via bearing sections 48, 50 (cf. also FIGS. 4 and 5) on the axis 34 stored.

Der Öffnerhebel 22 ist unabhängig von der Lagerung über die Achse 34 auf den Lagerabschnitten 50 des Nockenfolgers 26 um eine imaginären Achse a (siehe Figur 6) schwenkbar gelagert. Dazu ist an die Lagerabschnitte 50 jeweils eine Kugelkalotte 51 angeformt, die mit zwei an den Öffnerhebel 22 angeformten Stützen 52 mit halbkugelförmigen Köpfen 53 eine Schwenklagerung bilden. Die Ölversorgung der Anlauffläche 30 am Öffnerhebel 22 und der sphärischen Lagerung 51, 53 sowie ggf. die Druckölversorgung der hydraulischen Ventilspiel-Ausgleichselemente 40 am Öffnerhebel 22 kann ggf. über einen Ölkanal erfolgen, der über die hohle Achse 34 und über entsprechende Radialbohrungen in der Achse 34 und in den Lagerabschnitten 50 durch den Öffnerhebel 22 verläuft. Ferner kann die in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Baugruppe über eine im wesentlichen U-förmige Schenkelfeder (nicht dargestellt) zusammengehalten sein, wobei sich die Schenkelfeder mit ihren freien Schenkelenden an den Schließerhebeln 24 und mit ihrem Basisabschnitt an dem Nockenfolger 26 abstützen kann.The opening lever 22 is independent of the bearing via the axis 34 on the bearing sections 50 of the cam follower 26 pivoted about an imaginary axis a (see Figure 6). For this purpose, a spherical cap 51 is formed on each of the bearing sections 50, which, with two supports 52 formed on the opening lever 22 and having hemispherical heads 53, form a pivot bearing. The oil supply to the contact surface 30 on the opening lever 22 and the spherical bearing 51, 53 and, if appropriate, the pressure oil supply to the hydraulic valve lash compensation elements 40 on the opening lever 22 can optionally take place via an oil channel, which via the hollow axis 34 and via corresponding radial bores in the axis 34 and in the bearing sections 50 through the opening lever 22. Furthermore, the assembly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be held together by a substantially U-shaped leg spring (not shown), the leg spring being able to be supported with its free leg ends on the closer levers 24 and with its base section on the cam follower 26.

Die Figur 6 schließlich zeigt die Bewegungskinematik zwischen dem Öffnerhebel 22 bzw. der sphärischen Kontaktflächen 56 eines jeden Ventilspiel-Ausgleichselementes 40 in den Kappen 38 des Brückengliedes 37 und den angrenzenden Stirnflächen 28a der Ventilschäfte 28. Dabei liegen die Kontaktflächen 56 der Ausgleichselemente 40 in einer Flucht (vgl. auch Figur 2) mit den Stirnflächen 28a, wobei der Ventilwinkel des mittleren Einlaßventiles 12 zur jeweiligen Zylinderachse der Brennkraftmaschine geringer als der Ventilwinkel der beiden äußeren Einlaßventile ist.Finally, FIG. 6 shows the kinematics of movement between the opening lever 22 or the spherical contact surfaces 56 of each valve lash compensating element 40 in the caps 38 of the bridge member 37 and the adjacent end faces 28a of the valve stems 28. The contact surfaces 56 of the compensating elements 40 are in alignment (cf. also FIG. 2) with the end faces 28a, the valve angle of the middle inlet valve 12 to the respective cylinder axis of the internal combustion engine being less than the valve angle of the two outer inlet valves.

Damit der Berührungspunkt zwischen einer jeden Ventilschaft-Stirnfläche 28a und der korrespondierenden Kontaktfläche 56 innerhalb der Ventilschaft-Querschnittsfläche bleibt, liegt der Lagerpunkt a der sphärischen Lagerung 51, 53 des Öffnerhebels 22 in der senkrechten Projektion (siehe Pfeil 58) auf die Ventilschäfte 28 innerhalb der Ventilöffnungs- und Schließposition des Berührungspunktes und entspricht der Radius r der sphärischen Kontaktfläche 56 etwa dem halben wirksamen Schwenkradius (Länge des Pfeiles 58) des Öffnerhebels 22.So that the point of contact between each valve stem face 28a and the corresponding contact surface 56 within the valve stem cross-sectional area remains, the bearing point a of the spherical bearing 51, 53 of the opening lever 22 is in the vertical projection (see arrow 58) onto the valve stems 28 within the valve opening and closing position of the contact point and the radius r of the spherical contact surface 56 corresponds approximately to half the effective pivoting radius (Length of arrow 58) of the opening lever 22.

Claims (8)

Vorrichtung zum desmodromischen Steuern der Gaswechselventile einer Brennkraftmaschine, die je Zylinder drei funktionsgleiche Ventile aufweist, die über Öffner- und Schließnocken an einer Nockenwelle über schwenkbar gelagerte Öffner- und Schließerhebel betätigt werden, gekennzeichnet durch die Merkmale: - drei Schließerhebel (24) sind auf einer ortsfesten Achse (34) schwenkbar gelagert und greifen einenends im Schließsinne an den Ventilen (12) an; - die Schließerhebel (24) wirken andernends mit einem einstückigen Nockenfolger (26) zusammen, der ebenfalls auf der ortsfesten Achse (34) gelagert ist und von zumindest einer Schließnocke (20) betätigt wird; - zwischen Nockenfolger (26) und Schließerhebel (24) sind Ventilspiel-Einstellelemente (40) angeordnet; - ein einstückiger Öffnerhebel (22) wirkt mit zumindest einem Öffnernocken (18) zusammen; - der Öffnerhebel (22) betätigt über ein angeformtes Brückenglied (37) die drei Ventile (12) im Öffnungssinne; und - der Öffnerhebel (22) ist auf den Lagerabschnitten (48, 50) der Schließerhebel (24) oder des Nockenfolgers (26) schwenkbar gelagert. Device for the desmodromic control of the gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, which has three functionally identical valves per cylinder, which are actuated via opening and closing cams on a camshaft via pivotably mounted opening and closing levers, characterized by the features: - Three closer levers (24) are pivotally mounted on a fixed axis (34) and act on the valves (12) at one end in the closing direction; - The closer lever (24) interact at the other end with a one-piece cam follower (26), which is also mounted on the fixed axis (34) and is actuated by at least one closing cam (20); - Between the cam follower (26) and closer lever (24) valve clearance adjusting elements (40) are arranged; - A one-piece opening lever (22) interacts with at least one opening cam (18); - The opening lever (22) actuates the three valves (12) in the opening direction via an integrally formed bridge member (37); and - The opening lever (22) is pivotally mounted on the bearing sections (48, 50) of the closing lever (24) or the cam follower (26). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nockenfolger (26) zwei voneinander beabstandete Anlaufflächen (32) aufweist und über zumindest zwei Schließnocken (20) betätigt wird und daß zwischen den Anlaufflächen (32) eine einzige Anlauffläche (30) des Öffnerhebels (22) mit einem einzigen Öffnernocken (18) korrespondiert.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cam follower (26) has two spaced-apart contact surfaces (32) and is actuated via at least two closing cams (20) and in that between the contact surfaces (32) a single contact surface (30) of the opening lever (22 ) corresponds to a single opening cam (18). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Öffnerhebel (22) über zumindest zwei Lagerstellen (51, 53) auf den Lagerabschnitten (50) gelagert ist.Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the opening lever (22) is mounted on the bearing sections (50) via at least two bearing points (51, 53). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lagerstellen durch Gleitflächen (51, 53) an den Lagerabschnitten (50) und am Öffnerhebel (22) mit einer imaginären Schwenkachse a gebildet sind.Device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the bearing points are formed by sliding surfaces (51, 53) on the bearing sections (50) and on the opening lever (22) with an imaginary pivot axis a. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gleitflächen (51, 53) sphärisch ausgebildet sind.Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the sliding surfaces (51, 53) are spherical. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Öffnerhebel (22) und den zu betätigenden Ventilen Ventilspiel-Einstellelemente (40) vorgesehen sind.Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that valve clearance adjusting elements (40) are provided between the opening lever (22) and the valves to be actuated. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ventilspiel-Einstellelemente hydraulische Ventilspiel-Ausgleichselemente (40) sind.Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the valve lash adjusting elements are hydraulic valve lash compensation elements (40). Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Brückenglied (37) des Öffnerhebels (22) geradlinig und im wesentlichen in einer Flucht mit den in verschiedenen Ventilwinkeln angeordneten Ventilen (12) im Kontaktbereich liegt und daß der Kontaktbereich je Ventil (12) kugelförmig ist, mit einem Radius r von ungefähr dem halben wirksamen Schwenkradius des Öffnerhebels, wobei der Lagerpunkt a des Öffnerhebels (22) in der senkrechten Projektion zu den Ventilschäften (28) zwischen der Öffnungs- und Schließposition der Kontaktbereiche liegt.Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bridge member (37) of the opening lever (22) is straight and in essentially in alignment with the valves (12) arranged in different valve angles in the contact area and that the contact area per valve (12) is spherical, with a radius r of approximately half the effective pivoting radius of the opening lever, the bearing point a of the opening lever (22 ) is in the vertical projection to the valve stems (28) between the opening and closing position of the contact areas.
EP93107042A 1992-05-07 1993-04-30 Desmodromic device for driving internal combustion engine valves Expired - Lifetime EP0568932B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4215056 1992-05-07
DE4215056A DE4215056A1 (en) 1992-05-07 1992-05-07 Device for the desmodromic control of the gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine

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EP0568932A1 true EP0568932A1 (en) 1993-11-10
EP0568932B1 EP0568932B1 (en) 1995-08-09

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WO2009053217A1 (en) * 2007-10-24 2009-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Internal combustion engine
US20100095918A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2010-04-22 Eaton S.R.L. Con Unico Socio Lift-control device for a poppet valve of an internal-combustion engine or operating machine
WO2014068365A1 (en) * 2012-10-30 2014-05-08 Gualtieri Andrea Improved distribution system, in particular of the desmodromic type
WO2015010169A1 (en) * 2013-07-26 2015-01-29 Ibos Innovations Pty Ltd Piston machine

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EP2860362B1 (en) 2013-10-11 2016-09-14 König, Harald Desmodromic valve control

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GB2166799A (en) * 1984-11-13 1986-05-14 Bothwell P W I.c. engine overhead valve gear
EP0355659A1 (en) * 1988-08-16 1990-02-28 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Rocker arm arrangement for internal combustion engine poppet valves and the like
EP0384361A2 (en) * 1989-02-22 1990-08-29 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Valve train for automotive engine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2166799A (en) * 1984-11-13 1986-05-14 Bothwell P W I.c. engine overhead valve gear
EP0355659A1 (en) * 1988-08-16 1990-02-28 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Rocker arm arrangement for internal combustion engine poppet valves and the like
EP0384361A2 (en) * 1989-02-22 1990-08-29 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Valve train for automotive engine

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100095918A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2010-04-22 Eaton S.R.L. Con Unico Socio Lift-control device for a poppet valve of an internal-combustion engine or operating machine
US8651073B2 (en) * 2006-07-28 2014-02-18 Eaton S.R.L. Con Unico Socio Lift-control device for a poppet valve of an internal-combustion engine or operating machine
WO2009053217A1 (en) * 2007-10-24 2009-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Internal combustion engine
WO2014068365A1 (en) * 2012-10-30 2014-05-08 Gualtieri Andrea Improved distribution system, in particular of the desmodromic type
WO2015010169A1 (en) * 2013-07-26 2015-01-29 Ibos Innovations Pty Ltd Piston machine
CN105765183A (en) * 2013-07-26 2016-07-13 Ibos创新有限公司 Piston machine
JP2016527433A (en) * 2013-07-26 2016-09-08 アイボス イノベーションズ ピーティーワイ リミテッド Piston machine
AU2014295818B2 (en) * 2013-07-26 2018-08-23 Ibos Innovations Pty Ltd Piston machine
EA031240B1 (en) * 2013-07-26 2018-12-28 Айбос Инновейшнс Пти Лтд Valve arrangement for use in a piston machine

Also Published As

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DE4215056A1 (en) 1993-11-11
DE59300446D1 (en) 1995-09-14
EP0568932B1 (en) 1995-08-09

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