EP0566036A2 - Ligaturing device for parts of the human body, in particular tourniquet - Google Patents

Abstract

There is described a ligaturing device for parts of the human body, in particular a tourniquet, comprising a housing in which a clamping rocker is pivotably mounted. With one of its ends, the clamping rocker presses a tape penetrating the housing against a housing wall in a clamping fashion, and it releases the tape in a release position in the opposite direction, the tape which is under tension in the ligaturing position pivoting the clamping rocker into its clamping position, whereas a manual pressure on the clamping rocker pivots the latter into the release position. There is provided a releasable locking closure between the other end of the clamping rocker and a cap on the tape end on the housing side. Furthermore, there is provided at least one mechanical transmission member which initially permits the clamping rocker to pivot into its release position on exertion of an actuation pressure on the clamping rocker and opens the locking closure after release of the tape. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a constriction device for parts of the body, in particular a tourniquet, with a housing in which a clamping rocker is pivotally mounted, which in one clamping position presses one end of a band penetrating the housing against a housing wall and releases the band in an opposite release position , the band under tension in the pinch-off position swiveling the clamping rocker into its clamping position, while manual pressure on the clamping rocker swivels it into the release position,
and with a releasable snap lock between the other end of the clamping rocker and a cap on the housing-side end of the band.

The - regularly elastic - band forms a loop around the body part to be tied off. If the band is tensioned by pulling on its free end, the force occurring at the end on the housing side swings the clamping rocker into its clamping position, in which it locks the band in its constricting position. If you only want to end the constriction without lifting the loop around the body part - for example because a new constriction might be necessary shortly afterwards - all you need to do is press your finger on the clamping rocker (directly or by means of an intermediate link) to swing it into its release position which can slide the tape back through the breech housing and the pinch tension is released. If, on the other hand, the work with the constricting device is to be ended completely, the snap lock is released and in this way the wrapping of the body part is ended without the free end of the band having to be pulled back through the lock housing.

This tourniquet training, as is known for example from DE-U-92 00 574.8, has proven itself in practice. The two functions of tensioning or releasing the strap on the one hand and opening the strap on the other hand allow a good adaptation to different applications with rapid handling of the pinching device. On the other hand, the separation of the two functions requires separate handles for actuation.

The invention is therefore based on the object of simplifying the handling of a constriction device of the type described in the introduction.

It is achieved according to the invention in that at least one mechanical transmission element is provided, which when an actuating pressure is exerted, the clamping rocker first swivels into its release position and, after the band has been released, the snap lock opens. In this way, a "single-organ operation" of the pinching device occurs; there is no need to perform different operations to achieve the two functions.

In addition, the danger is averted that opening the band loop at the snap closure from the constriction position of the band - that is to say under tension of the band - frightens or even injures the patient treated with the constriction device and, for example, leads to a spontaneous change in the blood count when the blood is drawn. Rather, it is ensured that the belt loop can only be opened if a pinching tension that was still present in the belt was previously released.

The invention can be implemented constructively in different ways. A first alternative provides that when the clamping rocker is pivoted out of its clamping position, the transmission member only makes the operative connection to the latching lock in the release position of the clamping rocker and opens it when the clamping rocker is pivoted further into an open position. The transmission member (or several of them) can be switched on between the rocker and the snap lock, or it can be an additional actuating element which first pivots the rocker in its release position on its actuation path and opens the catch connection on the subsequent actuation path.

With such a design, a 'pressure point' can mark the transition from the clamping rocker actuation to the snap closure actuation, advantageously in that the transmission members apply the actuating pressure to the clamping rocker oppose greater resistance when opening the snap fastener than can be overcome to release the strap. This can be achieved, in particular, in that the closing force of at least one spring, which presses the latching lock into its closed position, counteracts the opening actuation with a greater force component than the band exerts on the clamping rocker in the clamping sense in its constricted position.

An even more secure time separation of the snap lock opening from the previous release of the tape tension can be achieved if a lock blocks the effectiveness of the transmission elements until the actuation pressure is interrupted after the tape is released. The operator must therefore briefly relieve the respective actuating member of the actuating pressure in order to initiate the second stage of actuation - the opening of the snap lock; when the actuation pressure is then applied again, the band loop is opened. In the meantime, however, the pinch-off tension in the band could certainly be reduced.

In all of the cases discussed above, the pressure actuation can take place directly on the clamping rocker, which is or comes into engagement with the transmission member (or the transmission members). However, intermediate links can also be provided for the actuation of the clamping rocker on the one hand, and the latching lock on the other hand, for example a pushbutton which is articulatedly connected to the clamping rocker or also push buttons which come into engagement with the clamping rocker and then with the components of the latching connection when actuated .

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the lock interrupting the actuation sequence consists in that the pivot bearings of the clamping rocker are longitudinally displaceable in the housing and the band in its pinched position pulls the clamping rocker against the force of a spring into a first end position, in which, when the clamping rocker is actuated, a stop stops its pivoting movement limited to reaching the release position until after release (and strain relief) of the band, the spring moves the clamping rocker to its second end position, in which it can be pivoted into its open position and thereby opens the snap lock. The stop preferably has a section which extends essentially at right angles and prevents the longitudinal movement of the clamping rocker under the spring force (“catch nest”) until the clamping rocker swings back into a release position.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of additional subclaims; this is referred to at this point.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht der Abschnürvorrichtung in der Abschnürstellung des Gehäuses;

Fig. 2

eine der Fig. 1 ähnliche Seitenansicht in der Öffungsstellung;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung wesentlicher Teile des Verschlußgehäuses und des Rastverschlusses;

Fig. 4

eine teilweise aufgeschnittene Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Anordnung;

Fig. 5

zwei Querschnitte gemäß der Linie V-V in Fig. 4, und zwar a) in der Abschnürstellung (Fig. 1) und b) in der Öffnungsstellung (Fig. 2 und 4);

Fig. 6

eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles VI in Fig. 4 (in der Öffnungsstellung);

Fig. 7

in Draufsicht eine alternative Ausführungsform des Verschlußgehäuses;

Fig. 8

eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles 8 in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9

eine der Fig. 7 ähnliche Darstellung, jedoch in Form eines horizontalen Längsschnittes durch das Verschlußgehäuse und in der Öffnungsstellung;

Fig. 10

eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles X in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11

eine schematische Darstellung in Seitenansicht bzw. mittlerem vertikalen Längsschnitt einer wieder anderen Ausführungsform des Verschlußgehäuses und des Rastverschlusses;

Fig. 12

eine teilweise geöffnete Draufsicht auf das Verschlußgehäuse und den Rastverschluß in Fig. 11;

Fig. 13

eine Abschnürvorrichtung mit einer wieder anderen Ausführungsart des erfindungsgemäßen Verschlußgehäuses nebst Rastverschluß, und zwar im mittleren vertikalen Längsschnitt sowie in der Abschnürstellung;

Fig. 14

eine der Fig. 13 entsprechende Darstellung, jedoch in der Lösestellung;

Fig. 15

eine den Fig. 13 und 14 ähnliche Darstellung, jedoch in der Öffnungsstellung;

Fig. 16

in teilweise aufgeschnittener Explosions-Teildarstellung eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform des Sperrmechanismus zum Abfangen der Klemmwippe in der Lösestellung; und

Fig. 17

eine ausschnittsweise Teildarstellung einer die Klemmwippe betätigenden Drucktaste mit einer Einrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Knackgeräusches beim Bewegen der Klemmwippe in die Lösestellung, und zwar in Draufsicht = a) sowie in schematischer Seiten/Schnitt-Ansicht = b).

The drawings illustrate the invention in several exemplary embodiments, namely:

Fig. 1

a side view of the pinching device in the pinching position of the housing;

Fig. 2

one of Figure 1 similar side view in the open position.

Fig. 3

a perspective exploded view of essential parts of the closure housing and the snap lock;

Fig. 4

a partially cutaway plan view of the arrangement shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5

two cross-sections along the line VV in Fig. 4, namely a) in the pinch-off position (Fig. 1) and b) in the open position (Fig. 2 and 4);

Fig. 6

a view in the direction of arrow VI in Figure 4 (in the open position).

Fig. 7

in plan view an alternative embodiment of the closure housing;

Fig. 8

a view in the direction of arrow 8 in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9

a representation similar to Figure 7, but in the form of a horizontal longitudinal section through the closure housing and in the open position.

Fig. 10

a view in the direction of arrow X in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11

is a schematic representation in side view or middle vertical longitudinal section of yet another embodiment of the closure housing and the snap lock;

Fig. 12

a partially opened plan view of the closure housing and the snap lock in Fig. 11;

Fig. 13

a constricting device with yet another embodiment of the closure housing according to the invention together with the snap closure, in the middle vertical longitudinal section and in the constriction position;

Fig. 14

a representation corresponding to Figure 13, but in the release position.

Fig. 15

a representation similar to Figures 13 and 14, but in the open position.

Fig. 16

in a partially cut-open exploded view, a modified embodiment of the locking mechanism for catching the clamping rocker in the release position; and

Fig. 17

a partial view of a push button actuating the clamping rocker with a device for generating a clicking sound when moving the clamping rocker into the release position, in plan view = a) and in a schematic side / sectional view = b).

A closure 1 has a closure housing 2, which has the shape of a broad U in cross section (FIG. 3), but can also be at least partially closed at least above (see FIGS. 7-10 and 13-17). In it, a clamping rocker 3 is pivotally mounted approximately in the middle with the aid of a pin 4 consisting of two parts (FIG. 3). A pinch tape 5 runs between the bottom section 6 of the housing 2 and the clamping rocker 3. It forms - on the left in FIG. 1 - a band loop shown only with band sections 5a and 5b; the end of the housing on the section 5b is fastened in a cap 7, which carries one partner 8a of the snap closure, which is designated as a whole. The other snap lock partner, not shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is located in the clamping rocker 3. In Fig. 1 the snap lock 8 is closed, i.e. fixed in the clamping rocker 3. The band 5 was pulled at its free end 5c in the direction of arrow 9 through the closure housing 2, whereby - due to the obliquely upward pinching force in section 5b of the band 5 - the clamping rocker 3 was pivoted in the direction of arrow 10 upwards. As a result, its clamping edge 11 has dug into the band 5 and locks it against sliding back against the direction of the arrow 9.

However, if pressure is exerted in the area and in the direction of arrow 12 on the clamping rocker 3, it swivels against the arrow 10 about its axis 4. The clamping edge 11 releases the belt 5, which as a result of the restoring force in the belt itself and in the part of the body that is pinched off can slide against the arrow 9 through the lock housing 2: The release position is reached.

In a manner to be described in more detail below, a further pivoting movement of the clamping rocker 3 results in pressure in the direction of arrow 12 to open the latching closure 8. The cap 7 with the latching partner 8a on the band section 5b and thus the end of the band 5 on the housing side detaches from the clamping rocker 3: The open position shown in Fig. 2 has been reached.

FIGS. 3 - 6 first show the constructive measures with which this loosening and opening sequence of the closure 1 (with the latching closure 8) can be achieved two mirror-symmetrically to the longitudinal axis 19 laterally projecting hook 14 is formed. The tongue 13 can be inserted into an opening 15 in the facing end face 16 of the clamping rocker 3; a middle guide 17 in the clamping rocker engages in a groove (not shown) in the underside of the tongue 13.

In the locked state, which is not shown in the drawings, the hooks 14 on the tongue 13 of the locking partner 8a engage behind locking cams 18 on two sliding members 20 which are mirror-symmetrical to the longitudinal axis 19 and which are guided in the clamping rocker 3 so as to be displaceable transversely. The latching cams 18 opposite spring tongues 21 lie against the other hooks 14 and, with their spring force impressed in the latching state by elastic deflection, ensure that the sliding members 20 do not perform any unwanted transverse movement, as a result of which the latching connection between the latching cams 18 and the hooks 14 would solve. Such a snap lock design is known from DE-U-92 00 574.8.

In contrast to the known snap lock, however, the sliding members 20 do not run into lateral push buttons accessible from the outside, which serve to open the snap lock, namely to move the snap cams 18 against the force of the spring tongues 21. Rather, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, they are laterally provided with wedge surfaces 22, which bear against correspondingly inclined wedge surfaces 23 on the side walls of the closure housing 2 and are in engagement therewith. Fig. 5 illustrates that with a pressure on the clamping rocker (in the direction of arrow 12 in Fig. 1) inevitably the release position and thus the release of the band 5 is achieved by the clamping edge 11 of the clamping rocker 3 before then - with further pressure in the direction of arrow 12 and thus further pivoting of the clamping rocker counter to arrow 10 - the wedge surfaces 23 on the closure housing 2 in cooperation with the wedge surfaces 22 have shifted the sliding members 20 against each other so far that they move from the locking position shown in FIG Fig. 5b drawn open position of the snap lock 8 and eject the cap 7 with the locking partner 8a from the opening 15 of the clamping rocker 3.

The bevels 24 shown in FIG. 4 on the recess in the clamping rocker 3 serving to guide the sliding members 20 reinforce the engagement of the locking cams 18 with the hooks 14 with increasing pinch-pulling force in the band 5, so that it is ensured that even with a strong pinch-off force none unwanted loosening of the snap lock 8 takes place.

7-10 illustrate a modified embodiment in which the clamping rocker is not actuated and only after it has reached its - the band 5 releasing - Release position and further swiveling the opening position is reached, in which the snap lock is additionally open, rather here 25 push buttons 26 are provided laterally from the lock housing 2 with actuating buttons. These act with inclined run-up surfaces 27 on a wedge-shaped attachment 28 which is attached to the clamping rocker 3 approximately in the region of the arrow 12 (FIG. 1). With vertical surfaces 29, the actuating buttons 25 also act on the lateral end faces 30 of the sliding members 20, with respect to which reference can be made to the previous description of the exemplary embodiment in FIGS.

7 and 8 show - largely omitting both locking partners 8a and 8b - the arrangement in the pinch-off position, in which the clamping rocker is in its clamping position and has therefore pushed out the sliding buttons 26 with the aid of the wedge-shaped attachment 28. If the actuating buttons 25 are pressed against one another, only the clamping button 3 is initially pivoted into its release position by means of the wedge-shaped attachment 28 and the inclined surfaces 27 due to the distance between the surfaces 29 and 30. Only then do the surfaces 29, 30 come to rest and further pushing pressure on the actuating buttons 25 leads to the opening of the snap lock; this state is shown or indicated in FIGS. 9 and 10.

Yet another arrangement is illustrated schematically in FIGS. 11 and 12. Here a trestle 31 is fastened in the middle on a bridge 32, which is arranged above the band 5 between the side walls of the closure housing 2 and fastened to the latter. The bracket 31 has double sloping side walls 23a; these diverge from top to bottom (Fig. 12) and from front to back. On the side walls 23a, when the inward-facing hooks 18a of the locking partner 8a engage over the locking cams 14a in the clamping rocker 3, the correspondingly inclined outer surfaces of the hooks 14a, so that - when the clamping rocker 3 is pressed by pressure in the direction of the arrow 33 is pivoted in the release and opening direction about the axis 4 - after releasing the tension in the band 5, the hooks 18a are pressed outward until they come out of engagement with the locking cams 14a and into the open position shown in FIGS. 11/12 .

While in the above-described exemplary embodiments the opening operation cannot be distinguished from the previous release operation on the part of the operator or, at best, by a different resistance (pressure point) of the actuating members involved, so that the opening follows the release too quickly in the case of insensitive operation, see the in the 13 to 16 illustrate exemplary embodiments of a lock which initially limits the actuation to reaching the release position and require a brief release of the actuation pressure so that the further actuation into the open position can be carried out by renewed actuation pressure.

The clamping rocker 3 is not only pivotably mounted by means of elongated holes 40 on the axis 4 fixedly held in the housing 2, but is also guided in a limited manner in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal axis 19 in FIG. 4). A spring 41, which is supported on the axis 4, acts on a bent leg 42 of the clamping rocker 3 and searches to press them into their open position, in which the elongated holes 40 rest with their ends on the left in the drawings on the axis 4 (FIG. 15).

When the constricting device is put on - after closing the snap closure 8 - the clamping rocker 3 is pulled into the position shown in FIG. 13 against the force of the spring 41 due to the constricting tensile force in the band 5, in which the right ends of the elongated holes in the drawings 40 rest on axis 4. If pressure is then exerted on the pushbutton 43 to release the constriction, which is exerted through an opening 44 of the closure housing 2 closed on the upper side with a cover 45, the clamping rocker 3 swivels from its constriction position shown in FIG. 13 into the release position shown in FIG. 14 . The cranked leg 42 strikes a stop 46 on the cover section 45. Only when the pressure on the push button 43 is temporarily interrupted can the spring 41 pivot the clamping rocker 3 further into the open position shown in FIG. 15, because the extension 42 can now pass the stop 46. In this case - in one of the ways described above - the snap lock 8 is opened.

Fig. 16 shows a modified embodiment of the lock designed as a "catch nest" against a seamless transition from the release operation to the opening operation. Here, the wedge surfaces 22, 23 described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6 are additionally provided with locking members offset in the longitudinal direction. The pins 50 attached to the sliding members 20 are caught in pocket-shaped depressions 51 in the opening members 52 having the wedge surfaces 23 at the end of the release actuation of the clamping rocker 3. Leaves pressure on the rocker in the release and opening line for a short time, this is pulled (by a spring corresponding to spring 41) in the direction of arrow 53, so that when actuated again, the pins 50 are immersed in grooves 54 and the clamping rocker can be pivoted further in the opening direction, which means that Interaction of the wedge surfaces 22 and 23 leads to the opening of the snap lock.

17 schematically shows the arrangement of projections 55, 56 on the push button 43 (of the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 13-15) or the opening 44 surrounding it in the cover of the closure housing 2. During the release process, the projection 55 passes the projection 56 and generates it there is a clicking sound, which signals the operator when the release position is reached.

Claims (9)

Constriction device for parts of the body, in particular vein congestion, with a housing (2) in which a clamping rocker (3) is pivotably mounted, which in a clamping position has one end (11), which clamps a band (5) passing through the housing against a housing wall (6 ) presses and releases the band in an opposing release position, the band under tension in the pinch position swiveling the clamping rocker into its clamping position, while manual pressure on the clamping rocker swivels it into the released position,
and with a releasable snap lock (8) between the other end of the clamping rocker (3) and a cap (7) on the housing-side end of the band (5),
characterized by at least one mechanical transmission element (22, 23; 26, 28; 31) which, when (directly or indirectly) exerting an actuating pressure on the clamping rocker (3), first allows the clamping rocker to pivot into its release position and after the band (5 ) opens the snap lock (8). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that when the clamping rocker (3) is pivoted out of its clamping position, the transmission member (22, 23; 26, 28; 31) only makes the operative connection to the latching lock (8) in the release position of the clamping rocker and this - at further pivoting of the clamping rocker into an open position - opens. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transmission member (22, 23; 26, 28; 31) opposes the actuating pressure when opening the latching closure (8) a greater resistance than for releasing the band (5) on the clamping rocker (3 ) has to be overcome (pressure point). Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the closing force of at least one spring, which presses the latching lock (8) into its closed position, counteracts the opening actuation with a greater force component than the band (5) in its pinching position on the clamping rocker (3) in the clamping sense exercises. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a lock (42, 46; 50, 51) blocks the effectiveness of the transmission member (22, 23; 26, 28; 31) until the actuation pressure is interrupted after the band (5) has been released . Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the pivot bearings (4) of the clamping rocker (3) in the housing (2) are longitudinally displaceable (elongated hole 40) and the band (5) in its constricted position the clamping rocker (3) against the force of a spring ( 41) pulls into a first end position in which, when the clamping rocker (3) is actuated, a stop (46; 51) limits its pivoting movement to reaching the release position until after the band (5) is released, the spring (41) closes the clamping rocker (3 ) moved into its second end position, in which it can be pivoted into its open position and thereby opens the snap lock (8). Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the stop (46; 51) has a cranked section which prevents the longitudinal movement of the clamping rocker (3) under the spring force until the clamping rocker swings back into a release position. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission member consists of inclined or wedge surfaces (22, 23; 26, 27; 23a) which actuate the latching partners of the latching closure (8) in the opening direction. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the inclined or wedge surfaces (22, 23; 23a) are designed and / or arranged such that they come into engagement only after the release position of the band (5).

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