EP0561829B1 - Electrical cable - Google Patents
Electrical cable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0561829B1 EP0561829B1 EP91920674A EP91920674A EP0561829B1 EP 0561829 B1 EP0561829 B1 EP 0561829B1 EP 91920674 A EP91920674 A EP 91920674A EP 91920674 A EP91920674 A EP 91920674A EP 0561829 B1 EP0561829 B1 EP 0561829B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- shield
- thread
- jacket
- electrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/38—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for facilitating removal of insulation
- H01B7/385—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for facilitating removal of insulation comprising a rip cord or wire
Definitions
- This invention relates to electrical cables, in particular to cables that are provided with a screen, for example to prevent or reduce electromagnetic interference.
- Commonly employed screened cables include coaxial cables in which a single elongate electrical conductor is surrounded by a dielectric and a conductive screen.
- Other screened cables employ one or more insulated conductors, eg. in twisted pair configuration, the conductor or conductors being enclosed in a single common screen.
- the conventional method of terminating a cable with a braided screen comprises
- DE-A-3917088 describes a cable having a metal casing with a longitudinal line of weakness and a stripping thread located under the line of weakness for forming a longitudinal slit in the casing.
- DE-U-9003135 one may dispense with the line of weakness or breaking points by employing a stripping thread formed from twisted strands of aramide or other tensile material which is impregnated with an anti adhesion agent.
- an electrical cable which comprises one or more elongate electrical conductors, a layer of insulation surrounding the or each electrical conductor, and a braided metal electrical shield formed from flat filaments surrounding the conductor or conductors and the insulation, the cable including a pull-thread that extends along the length of the cable under the shield so that the shield can be cut longitudinally by pulling the thread.
- Preferred jacket materials include polymers such as Polyolefins, eg. ethylene homopolymers and copolymers with alpha olefins, halogenated polymers, eg.
- tetrafluorethylene vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene and vinyl chloride homo or copolymers, especially ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polamides, polyesters, polyimides, polyether ketones, eg. polyarylether ketones, aromatic polyether imides and sulphones, silicones, alkene/vinyl acetate copolymers and the like.
- the polymers may be used alone or as blends with one another and may contain fillers, eg. silica and metal oxides, eg. treated and untreated metal oxide flame retardants such as hydrated alumina and titania.
- While the present invention is applicable to cables having only a single central conductor surrounded by a dielectric such as coaxial cables and single screened wires, it will more usually be applied to screened muliticonductor cables, eg. a screened twisted pair cables. It has hitherto been relatively difficult to cut back the screen of such cables in the case of flat filament braids, not only because it is difficult or impossible to cause the shield to bulge by pushing it toward the remainder of the shield but also because of the undulating surface of the cable caused by the helical geometry of the insulated conductors or wires.
- the pull thread In the case of multiconductor cables it is possible for the pull thread to be layed up in the cable in the manner of an additional wire so that when it is pulled it will cut through the shield and jacket in a helical path. This may not be particularly easy or convenient for an operator to perform manually, and so it is preferred for the pull thread to extend substantially axially along the cable in order that it may be pulled along the cable at a substantially uniform orientation.
- the pull thread is preferably electrically insulating and more preferably formed from a polymer.
- the most preferred material is based on an aromatic polyamide for example as sold by Akzo under the trademark "Kevlar". It will normally be in the form of a relatively large number of monofilaments.
- the cable may be provided with more than one stripping thread.
- the cable may be provided with one thread under the shield and a second thread under the jacket but over the shield so that part of the shield can be exposed by stripping the jacket only.
- a screened twisted pair cable comprises a twisted pair of wires 1 and 2 each comprising a stranded tinned copper conductor 3 and a single wall or dual wall insulation 4, formed for example from polyethylene and/or polyvinylidine fluoride.
- a shield 5 is provided in the form of a braid of flattened tinned copper filaments followed by an extruded outer jacket 6 formed form an ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.
- a pull thread 7 formed from a number of monofilaments of an aromatic polyamide (sold under the trademark "Kevlar”) extends axially along the length of the cable underneath the cable jacket 6 and the shield 5.
- the pull thread 7 is simply pulled perpendicularly to the cable causing it to cut through both the shield 5 and the jacket 6 until the shield and jacket have been severed to the appropriate length.
- the shield may then be terminated in any appropriate manner.
- Figure 2 shows a number of side views of a screened twisted pair cable at various stages during the termination process.
- the cable comprises a pair of insulated conductors 1 and 2 enclosed by a braided shield 5 and a jacket 6.
- the cable has two pull-threads, one thread 7 located under the shield 5 and the second thread 8 located under the jacket 6 but over the shield.
- the threads 7 and 8 will normally have different colours or patterns in order to distinguish them.
- Thread 7 is then pulled in order to slit the jacket 6 and shield 5 to the point at which the shield 5 can be tidied up with a pair of snips to form the cable as shown in Figure 2b.
- the thread 8 is pulled back in order to slit the jacket 6 by the amount it is desired to expose the shield 5.
- the end of the jacket 6 can be torn off circumferentially and tidied by means of snips to form the cable as shown in Figure 2c.
- the excess lengths of pull-thread can be cut off at any convenient point.
Landscapes
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Communication Cables (AREA)
- Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
- Removal Of Insulation Or Armoring From Wires Or Cables (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Endoscopes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to electrical cables, in particular to cables that are provided with a screen, for example to prevent or reduce electromagnetic interference.
- Commonly employed screened cables include coaxial cables in which a single elongate electrical conductor is surrounded by a dielectric and a conductive screen. Other screened cables employ one or more insulated conductors, eg. in twisted pair configuration, the conductor or conductors being enclosed in a single common screen.
- Where screened cables are used it is often necessary to cut the screen back in order to expose a length of the underlying insulated conductor(s), for example so that the conductors can be terminated, eg. in an electrical connector or in a black box with appropriate termination of the screen. The conventional method of terminating a cable with a braided screen comprises
- (i) forming a nick or slit in the jacket by means of a knife and pulling off the jacket, and
- (ii) pushing the exposed end of the braid axially toward the rest of the braid to cause it to bulge radially and then cutting the braid at the appropriate point with a pair of snips.
- This operation has the serious disadvantage that it requires the use of a knife. The use of knives in cable termination and harness formation is discouraged, and in many harness shops knives are not permitted in view of the danger of unintentionally damaging the wire or cable insulation of parts of the harness not being worked upon. In addition, in some cases it is difficult to cause the braid to bulge radially by pushing it axially. For example in one form of shielded cable the cable shield is formed from monofilaments having a substantially flat cross-section in order to reduce the cable profile and to reduce the weight of the cable, and this form of cable shield is very difficult or impossible to expand radially by pushing it axially.
- A number of cables have been described in which a stripping thread is employed to open a tubular casing: DE-A-3917088 describes a cable having a metal casing with a longitudinal line of weakness and a stripping thread located under the line of weakness for forming a longitudinal slit in the casing. According to DE-U-9003135, one may dispense with the line of weakness or breaking points by employing a stripping thread formed from twisted strands of aramide or other tensile material which is impregnated with an anti adhesion agent.
- According to the present invention there is provided an electrical cable which comprises one or more elongate electrical conductors, a layer of insulation surrounding the or each electrical conductor, and a braided metal electrical shield formed from flat filaments surrounding the conductor or conductors and the insulation, the cable including a pull-thread that extends along the length of the cable under the shield so that the shield can be cut longitudinally by pulling the thread.
- We have found that it is possible to cut through a cable shield formed from a flat metal braid by pulling the pull-thread or stripping thread along the cable without undue expenditure of effort. Indeed the effort needed to cut through the braid and cable jacket may not in some instances be substantially greater than that needed to cut through the cable jacket alone even though the thread is being employed to cut through a significant thickness of metal. While it is not always necessary for the cable to include a cable jacket, this is preferred since the cable jacket will hinder or prevent movement of the braid filaments when the braid is cut by the thread. Preferred jacket materials include polymers such as Polyolefins, eg. ethylene homopolymers and copolymers with alpha olefins, halogenated polymers, eg. tetrafluorethylene, vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene and vinyl chloride homo or copolymers, especially ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polamides, polyesters, polyimides, polyether ketones, eg. polyarylether ketones, aromatic polyether imides and sulphones, silicones, alkene/vinyl acetate copolymers and the like. The polymers may be used alone or as blends with one another and may contain fillers, eg. silica and metal oxides, eg. treated and untreated metal oxide flame retardants such as hydrated alumina and titania.
- While the present invention is applicable to cables having only a single central conductor surrounded by a dielectric such as coaxial cables and single screened wires, it will more usually be applied to screened muliticonductor cables, eg. a screened twisted pair cables. It has hitherto been relatively difficult to cut back the screen of such cables in the case of flat filament braids, not only because it is difficult or impossible to cause the shield to bulge by pushing it toward the remainder of the shield but also because of the undulating surface of the cable caused by the helical geometry of the insulated conductors or wires. In the case of multiconductor cables it is possible for the pull thread to be layed up in the cable in the manner of an additional wire so that when it is pulled it will cut through the shield and jacket in a helical path. This may not be particularly easy or convenient for an operator to perform manually, and so it is preferred for the pull thread to extend substantially axially along the cable in order that it may be pulled along the cable at a substantially uniform orientation.
- Flat filament braids appear to be cut very easily by the thread and it is believed that this ease of cutting according to the present invention and the difficulty of stripping flat braided cables by the conventional method are, in fact, related: The braid filaments cannot easily slide over one another but tend to remain fixed when subjected to a force distorting the braid. In the conventional stripping method this prevents the braid being caused to bulge, and in the cable according to the invention this same tendency prevents any accommodation of the stress applied by the thread as it cuts through the filaments.
- The pull thread is preferably electrically insulating and more preferably formed from a polymer. The most preferred material is based on an aromatic polyamide for example as sold by Akzo under the trademark "Kevlar". It will normally be in the form of a relatively large number of monofilaments.
- The cable may be provided with more than one stripping thread. For example the cable may be provided with one thread under the shield and a second thread under the jacket but over the shield so that part of the shield can be exposed by stripping the jacket only.
- A shielded cable in accordance with the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- Figure 1
- is a perspective view of a shielded twisted pair cable; and
- Figure 2
- is a schematic side view of a cable at a number of stages during the stripping process of the invention.
- Referring to the accompanying drawings a screened twisted pair cable comprises a twisted pair of
wires 1 and 2 each comprising a stranded tinnedcopper conductor 3 and a single wall or dual wall insulation 4, formed for example from polyethylene and/or polyvinylidine fluoride. - A
shield 5 is provided in the form of a braid of flattened tinned copper filaments followed by an extrudedouter jacket 6 formed form an ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer. - A
pull thread 7 formed from a number of monofilaments of an aromatic polyamide (sold under the trademark "Kevlar") extends axially along the length of the cable underneath thecable jacket 6 and theshield 5. - In order to cut back the
shield 5, thepull thread 7 is simply pulled perpendicularly to the cable causing it to cut through both theshield 5 and thejacket 6 until the shield and jacket have been severed to the appropriate length. The shield may then be terminated in any appropriate manner. - Figure 2 shows a number of side views of a screened twisted pair cable at various stages during the termination process. The cable comprises a pair of
insulated conductors 1 and 2 enclosed by abraided shield 5 and ajacket 6. The cable has two pull-threads, onethread 7 located under theshield 5 and thesecond thread 8 located under thejacket 6 but over the shield. Thethreads - In order to strip the cable for termination a small length 9 of the cable, eg. a few centimetres, is cut off by means of a pair of snips. This operation will not normally sever the
threads Thread 7 is then pulled in order to slit thejacket 6 and shield 5 to the point at which theshield 5 can be tidied up with a pair of snips to form the cable as shown in Figure 2b. Then thethread 8 is pulled back in order to slit thejacket 6 by the amount it is desired to expose theshield 5. The end of thejacket 6 can be torn off circumferentially and tidied by means of snips to form the cable as shown in Figure 2c. The excess lengths of pull-thread can be cut off at any convenient point.
Claims (7)
- An electrical cable which comprises one or more elongate electrical conductors (3), a layer of insulation (4) surrounding the or each electrical conductor, and a braided metal electrical shield (5) formed from flat filaments surrounding the conductor or conductors and the insulation, the cable including a pull-thread (7) that extends along the length of the cable under the shield (5) so that the shield can be cut longitudinally by pulling the thread.
- A cable as claimed in claim 1, which includes a cable jacket (6) located over the electrical shield (5).
- A cable as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which includes a plurality of insulated elongate conductors (3).
- A cable as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pull thread (7) extends substantially axially along the cable.
- A cable as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pull thread (7) is electrically insulating.
- A cable as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pull thread (7) is formed from a polymer.
- A cable as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pull thread (7) is formed from an aromatic polyamide.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB909027110A GB9027110D0 (en) | 1990-12-13 | 1990-12-13 | Electrical cable |
GB9027110 | 1990-12-13 | ||
PCT/GB1991/002136 WO1992010840A1 (en) | 1990-12-13 | 1991-12-03 | Electrical cable |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0561829A1 EP0561829A1 (en) | 1993-09-29 |
EP0561829B1 true EP0561829B1 (en) | 1995-10-11 |
Family
ID=10686982
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91920674A Expired - Lifetime EP0561829B1 (en) | 1990-12-13 | 1991-12-03 | Electrical cable |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0561829B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH06503200A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE129092T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU8935291A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9107161A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2097595C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69113812T2 (en) |
FI (1) | FI932679A0 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9027110D0 (en) |
IE (1) | IE69361B1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL100351A (en) |
NO (1) | NO310324B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992010840A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0872858A3 (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1999-02-24 | Alcatel | Multiple parallel conductor for windings of electric devices and machines |
DE19856814A1 (en) | 1998-12-09 | 2000-06-15 | Siemens Ag | Cable with a cable core, a cable jacket and a tear thread |
EP2784788A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-01 | Alcatel-Lucent Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd. | Cable and method of manufacturing a cable |
CN109935418A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-25 | 湖南华菱线缆股份有限公司 | A kind of aerospace ultralight data bus cable structure and preparation method |
US20200377110A1 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-03 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Communications cables for autonomous vehicles |
CN112670016B (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2022-04-05 | 陕西通达电缆制造有限公司 | Environment-friendly high-temperature-resistant shielding fireproof flexible cable |
RU204917U1 (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-17 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-Исследовательский Институт «Промышленные и Электрические Решения» | CABLE FOR CONTROL AND CONTROL CIRCUITS |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1404549A (en) * | 1964-05-20 | 1965-07-02 | Trefimetaux | Metallic braid, its manufacture and products equipped with this braid |
FR2519797A1 (en) * | 1982-01-14 | 1983-07-18 | Labinal | Novel configuration for screened cable - uses insulating core with edge groove carrying bare conductor which is exposed to physical contact with braided screen |
DE3917088A1 (en) * | 1989-02-03 | 1990-08-09 | Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh | Cable with electrical and/or optical fibre conductor - has projective sleeve with line of weakness formed to aid removal |
DE9003135U1 (en) * | 1990-03-17 | 1990-06-07 | Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh, 3000 Hannover, De |
-
1990
- 1990-12-13 GB GB909027110A patent/GB9027110D0/en active Pending
-
1991
- 1991-12-03 CA CA002097595A patent/CA2097595C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-03 BR BR919107161A patent/BR9107161A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-03 AU AU89352/91A patent/AU8935291A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-12-03 WO PCT/GB1991/002136 patent/WO1992010840A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-12-03 AT AT91920674T patent/ATE129092T1/en active
- 1991-12-03 EP EP91920674A patent/EP0561829B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-03 JP JP4500065A patent/JPH06503200A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-12-03 DE DE69113812T patent/DE69113812T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-12 IL IL10035191A patent/IL100351A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-06-02 IE IE435691A patent/IE69361B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-11 NO NO19932144A patent/NO310324B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-11 FI FI932679A patent/FI932679A0/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2097595A1 (en) | 1992-06-14 |
IL100351A (en) | 1996-03-31 |
BR9107161A (en) | 1993-11-03 |
CA2097595C (en) | 2001-10-23 |
GB9027110D0 (en) | 1991-02-06 |
JPH06503200A (en) | 1994-04-07 |
AU8935291A (en) | 1992-07-08 |
ATE129092T1 (en) | 1995-10-15 |
DE69113812D1 (en) | 1995-11-16 |
FI932679A (en) | 1993-06-11 |
IE69361B1 (en) | 1996-09-04 |
DE69113812T2 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
NO932144D0 (en) | 1993-06-11 |
NO310324B1 (en) | 2001-06-18 |
IE914356A1 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
FI932679A0 (en) | 1993-06-11 |
EP0561829A1 (en) | 1993-09-29 |
NO932144L (en) | 1993-06-11 |
WO1992010840A1 (en) | 1992-06-25 |
IL100351A0 (en) | 1992-09-06 |
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