EP0561005B1 - Trip device with holding magnet for protective switches, in particular for ground fault circuit interrupter - Google Patents

Trip device with holding magnet for protective switches, in particular for ground fault circuit interrupter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0561005B1
EP0561005B1 EP92102856A EP92102856A EP0561005B1 EP 0561005 B1 EP0561005 B1 EP 0561005B1 EP 92102856 A EP92102856 A EP 92102856A EP 92102856 A EP92102856 A EP 92102856A EP 0561005 B1 EP0561005 B1 EP 0561005B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trip
armature
trip device
housing
magnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92102856A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0561005A1 (en
Inventor
Josef Dipl.-Ing. Bauldauf (Fh)
Josef Dipl.-Ing. Herschberger (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to AT92102856T priority Critical patent/ATE123588T1/en
Priority to DE9202222U priority patent/DE9202222U1/en
Priority to DE9202223U priority patent/DE9202223U1/en
Priority to EP92102856A priority patent/EP0561005B1/en
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DK92102856.9T priority patent/DK0561005T3/en
Priority to ES92102856T priority patent/ES2072643T3/en
Priority to DE59202459T priority patent/DE59202459D1/en
Priority to DE9202221U priority patent/DE9202221U1/en
Priority to JP5051352A priority patent/JPH0652787A/en
Priority to CN93102004.2A priority patent/CN1034372C/en
Publication of EP0561005A1 publication Critical patent/EP0561005A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0561005B1 publication Critical patent/EP0561005B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H2071/328—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part using a spring for having minimal force on armature while maximal force on trip pin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/20—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition
    • H01H2083/205—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition having shunt or UVR tripping device with integrated mechanical energy accumulator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/325—Housings, assembly or disposition of different elements in the housing
    • H01H71/326—Sealed housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/327—Manufacturing or calibrating methods, e.g. air gap treatments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a holding magnet release for protective switching devices, in particular for residual current circuit breakers, which works with an armature holder guided on the release housing, which holds an armature plate received by it in an orientation parallel to the pole face of the magnetic block, the armature holder with a spring under the action of a release spring Trigger lever is connected like a driver.
  • a swiveling magnetic plate FR-A-2 116 438, corresponding to DE-C-2 059 052
  • the object of the invention is to develop an improved holding magnet release which works with an armature holder which holds an armature plate received by it in an orientation parallel to the pole face of the magnet block and which is less sensitive to tolerances.
  • a holding magnet release according to claim 1.
  • the anchor holder is connected to a release lever under the action of a release spring in a driver-like manner in such a way that the release lever can be moved further after the anchor holder has been placed against a stop. This further movement can possibly extend up to a stop for the release lever.
  • Such a holding magnet release manages with a small working air gap, that is, a small distance between the armature plate and the pole face. The distance is limited by a defined application of the anchor holder and economically unavoidable tolerances are moved to the area of the further movement of the release lever. The extent of this onward movement can therefore be tolerance-dependent, but no longer enters the working air gap.
  • the principle according to the invention can easily be realized in that the release lever can be moved further against the anchor holder after the anchor holder has been placed against the stop on a sliding surface, in particular by sliding an edge along a sliding surface, the entrainment taking place along a coupling area until it stops.
  • an angular shape on the release lever or on the anchor holder can initially be against a plateau-like course on the anchor holder or on the release lever. If the anchor holder lies against its stop in the kinematic sequence, the release lever can then move, for example, along a sliding surface at a constant distance from the pivot point of the release lever. In this area is the movement of the release lever decoupled from the anchor holder without letting the anchor holder fall back.
  • the torque on the release lever can be set independently of the Keep degree of tension or relaxation of the spring approximately constant.
  • Such an embodiment is known per se (DE-C-2 059 052).
  • the trigger housing also has guide means for receiving a block-like magnet on counter-guide means.
  • the sliding along the guide means can advantageously be predetermined by positioning means in order to position the magnetic block in the housing in a desired position along the guide means.
  • the release housing is sealed dust-free.
  • the trigger housing the passage winding of the magnet system is also sealed in passage openings for connecting leads by sealing means on the connecting lead or on the housing.
  • the production and especially a mechanization of the production is promoted by connecting conductors which are designed as pins. These can be embedded in the insulating compound for the coil body of the tripping winding and carry a sealing pin. This sealing pin can advantageously be formed from the sealing compound by suitable shaping.
  • Mechanized production is further promoted by the fact that the trigger winding can be plugged onto one leg of a permanent magnet arranged between two legs.
  • the holding magnet release in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 works with an armature holder 2 guided on the release housing 1. This holds an armature plate 3 and guides it in an orientation parallel to the pole face 4.
  • the holding magnet release has a release lever 5, which is under the action of a release spring 6.
  • the anchor holder 2 is connected to the release lever 5 in a driver-like manner.
  • the release lever 5 can be moved further: for example from the position according to FIG. 2 to the position according to FIG. 3.
  • the working air gap between the pole faces 4 and the armature plate 3 can are kept small and yet the release lever 5 moves from the position shown in FIG. 1 to that shown in FIG. 3 over a large angular range.
  • the armature plate falls off when a residual current occurs and when the residual current circuit breaker is switched on again, it is reapplied to the pole faces 4 of the magnet.
  • Small working air gaps between armature plates and magnets avoid large kinetic forces, so that the contact surfaces between armature plates and magnets are protected, so that the release behavior of the holding magnet release remains good during long operating times.
  • a housing surface inside or outside can advantageously serve as the stop 7 of the anchor holder 2.
  • the stop 7 is formed on the guide for the anchor holder 2.
  • the release lever in the exemplary embodiment can be moved further against the anchor holder 2 on a sliding surface 8.
  • an edge 9 can slide along the sliding surface 8, the entrainment taking place along a coupling area until it stops.
  • the coupling area is the range of movement of the release lever 5 from the position according to FIG. 1 to the position according to FIG. 2 or 4.
  • the edge 9 of a plateau area on the anchor holder slides along the sliding surface 8 of the release lever.
  • the sliding surface 8 is theoretically formed concentrically to the axis 10 of the release lever 5. In practice, a flat surface is approximately sufficient.
  • the plateau region is designed on the release lever and not on the anchor holder.
  • the release lever 5 forms an engagement 11 on the release lever 5 for the release spring 6, namely on an arm with respect to the pivot bearing 10.
  • the release spring 6 is guided away from the pivot bearing 10 in the sense of enlarging the lever arm, as is the case with a Comparison of Figures 1 and 2 or 1 and 3 can be seen.
  • the line of action 12 of the trigger spring 6 moves away from the axis or from the pivot bearing 10 of the trigger lever, whereby the lever arm for the effect of the trigger spring increases. This counteracts the fact that the force of the release spring is reduced when the release spring contracts. As a result, the switch-on forces are equalized, so that the mechanics can be dimensioned more easily and the magnetically active surfaces of armature plates 3 and pole surfaces 4 are protected.
  • the effective edge 9 is designed on the release lever 5.
  • the sliding surface 8 remains on the release lever 5. Otherwise, the position according to FIGS. 5 to 8 corresponds to the position according to FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • the use of a return spring 13 is further illustrated, which is shown in the illustration according to FIG 8 as well as the trigger housing and the trigger spring is omitted.
  • the anchor plate 3 is suspended by means of a holding bracket 15. Due to its shape and dimensions, the anchor plate 3 remains within limits.
  • the bracket 15 is W-shaped. It forms a support point 17 for the anchor plate 3 and leaves him 16 game in guide recesses. The structure can be seen in detail from the exploded view according to FIG.
  • the trigger housing 1 also has guide means 18 for receiving a magnetic block 19 designed in the form of a block.
  • the magnetic block 19 is guided on the guide means 18 by its counter-guide means 20 when it is inserted into the trigger housing 1.
  • its position is determined in detail by positioning means 21. These form a stop and limit the insertion of the magnetic block in the housing in a desired position.
  • the guide means 18 for the magnetic block 19 can be designed to be overhanging and form a rivet or welding head in order to fix the magnetic block in its assembled position.
  • the magnetic block 19 can receive a permanent magnet 22 in an intermediate piece and between two legs 23 made of magnetically conductive material, which forms the pole faces 4.
  • the trigger housing 1 is made dustproof. It is advantageous here to also seal through-openings for connecting conductors 24 of the trigger winding 25 of the magnetic block 19 by means of sealing means 26 against the housing.
  • the trigger housing 1 is designed to spring back inward in the region of the passage opening for the connecting conductor 24 in order to be able to guide the connecting conductor 24 at an angle in the region of the outer surface of the trigger housing given a material-given bending radius.
  • the trigger winding 25 can advantageously be arranged on one leg, with two legs and an intermediate piece between them holding a permanent magnet 22.
  • the magnetic block thus completely assembled in accordance with FIG. 15 can be inserted as a whole into the trigger housing 1, the connecting conductors 24 engaging in passage openings 27 in the bottom of the trigger housing 1 until they are closed by the sealing means 26.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Said device operates with an armature holder (2) which is guided on the trip-device housing (1) and holds a small armature plate (3) which is retained by it, in a direction which is parallel to the pole surface (4) of the magnet. The armature holder is subject to the influence of a trip spring (6). The armature holder and a tripping lever (5) are connected to one another, like a driver, in such a manner that the tripping lever can be moved further once the armature holder is resting against a stop (7). This further movement can likewise continue as far as a stop for the tripping lever. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Haltemagnetauslöser für Schutzschaltgeräte, insbesondere für Fehlerstromschutzschalter, der mit einem am Auslösergehäuse geführten Ankerhalter arbeitet, der ein von ihm aufgenommenes Ankerplättchen in einer zur Polfläche des Magnetblocks parallelen Ausrichtung hält, wobei der Ankerhalter mit einem unter der Einwirkung einer Auslösefeder stehenden Auslösehebel mitnehmerartig in Verbindung steht. Ein derartiger Aufbau ist bei einem einschwenkenden Magnetplättchen bekannt (FR-A-2 116 438, entsprechend DE-C-2 059 052).The invention relates to a holding magnet release for protective switching devices, in particular for residual current circuit breakers, which works with an armature holder guided on the release housing, which holds an armature plate received by it in an orientation parallel to the pole face of the magnetic block, the armature holder with a spring under the action of a release spring Trigger lever is connected like a driver. Such a structure is known for a swiveling magnetic plate (FR-A-2 116 438, corresponding to DE-C-2 059 052).

Andererseits bringt die parallele Ausrichtung des Ankerplättchens zur Polfläche über den Auslösebereich, also über den ganzen Öffnungsweg des Ankerplättchens ein besonders günstiges Arbeitsverhalten. Eine derartige Ausbildung ist für sich auch bekannt (FR-A-2 445 603). Ein derartiger Aufbau bringt mechanische bzw. konstruktive Unzulänglichkeiten stärker zum Tragen. So wirken sich beispielsweise Toleranzen im Arbeitsluftspalt aus und damit auf das Auslöseverhalten. Auch bei Klappankermagneten, die einen seitlichen Drehpunkt aufweisen, ist es in der Praxis die Regel, den Auslöseweg während und nach der Fertigung zu justieren.On the other hand, the parallel alignment of the anchor plate to the pole face over the triggering area, that is to say over the entire opening path of the anchor plate, results in particularly favorable working behavior. Such training is also known per se (FR-A-2 445 603). Such a structure brings mechanical or structural shortcomings to bear. For example, tolerances in the working air gap have an impact on the triggering behavior. In practice, even with hinged armature magnets that have a lateral pivot point, it is the rule to adjust the release path during and after production.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen verbesserten Haltemagnetauslöser zu entwickeln, der mit einem Ankerhalter arbeitet, der ein von ihm aufgenommenes Ankerplättchen in einer zur Polfläche des Magnetblocks parallelen Ausrichtung hält und der gegen Toleranzen unempfindlicher ist.The object of the invention is to develop an improved holding magnet release which works with an armature holder which holds an armature plate received by it in an orientation parallel to the pole face of the magnet block and which is less sensitive to tolerances.

Die Lösung der geschilderten Aufgabe erfolgt durch einen Haltemagnetauslöser nach Patentanspruch 1. Der Ankerhalter steht mit einem Auslösehebel unter Einwirkung einer Auslösefeder mitnehmerartig derart in Verbindung, daß nach Anlegen des Ankerhalters an einem Anschlag der Auslösehebel weiterbewegt werden kann. Diese Weiterbewegung kann gegebenenfalls bis zu einem Anschlag für den Auslösehebel verlaufen. Ein derartiger Haltemagnetauslöser kommt mit einem kleinen Arbeitsluftspalt aus, also einem kleinen Abstand zwischen Ankerplättchen und Polfläche. Der Abstand wird durch ein definiertes Anlegen des Ankerhalters vorbestimmbar begrenzt und wirtschaftlich unvermeidbare Toleranzen werden in den Bereich der Weiterbewegung des Auslösehebels verlegt. Das Ausmaß dieser Weiterbewegung kann also toleranzabhängig sein, geht jedoch in den Arbeitsluftspalt nicht mehr ein.The solution to the object is achieved by a holding magnet release according to claim 1. The anchor holder is connected to a release lever under the action of a release spring in a driver-like manner in such a way that the release lever can be moved further after the anchor holder has been placed against a stop. This further movement can possibly extend up to a stop for the release lever. Such a holding magnet release manages with a small working air gap, that is, a small distance between the armature plate and the pole face. The distance is limited by a defined application of the anchor holder and economically unavoidable tolerances are moved to the area of the further movement of the release lever. The extent of this onward movement can therefore be tolerance-dependent, but no longer enters the working air gap.

Es ist günstig, als Anschlag für den Ankerhalter eine Gehäusefläche innen oder außen vorzusehen, die sich leicht und gut mit wenig Toleranz einstellen läßt.It is favorable to provide a housing surface inside or outside as a stop for the anchor holder, which can be easily and easily adjusted with little tolerance.

Das erfindungsgemäße Prinzip läßt sich leicht dadurch realisieren, daß der Auslösehebel nach Anlegen des Ankerhalters am Anschlag an einer Gleitfläche gegen den Ankerhalter weiterbewegbar ist, insbesondere unter Gleiten einer Kante längs einer Gleitfläche, wobei bis zum Anschlag die Mitnahme längs eines Koppelbereichs erfolgt. Hierzu kann eine kantige Ausformung am Auslösehebel oder am Ankerhalter zunächst gegen einen plateauartigen Verlauf am Ankerhalter bzw. am Auslösehebel anstehen. Wenn im kinematischen Ablauf der Ankerhalter an seinem Anschlag anliegt, kann sich der Auslösehebel dann beispielsweise längs einer Gleitfläche mit konstantem Abstand zum Drehpunkt des Auslösehebels gleitend bewegen. In diesem Bereich ist die Bewegung des Auslösehebels gegen den Ankerhalter entkoppelt, ohne den Ankerhalter zurückfallen zu lassen. Wenn der Auslösehebel den einen Eingriff für die Auslösefeder an einem Arm hinsichtlich seines Drehlagers bildet, der über die Öffnungsbewegung die Feder vom Drehlager im Sinne der Vergrößerung des Hebelarms wegführt, wobei der andere Eingriff zum Gehäuse festliegt, kann man das Drehmoment auf den Auslösehebel unabhängig vom Grad der Spannung oder Entspannung der Feder in etwa konstant halten. Eine derartige Ausführung ist für sich bekannt (DE-C-2 059 052).The principle according to the invention can easily be realized in that the release lever can be moved further against the anchor holder after the anchor holder has been placed against the stop on a sliding surface, in particular by sliding an edge along a sliding surface, the entrainment taking place along a coupling area until it stops. For this purpose, an angular shape on the release lever or on the anchor holder can initially be against a plateau-like course on the anchor holder or on the release lever. If the anchor holder lies against its stop in the kinematic sequence, the release lever can then move, for example, along a sliding surface at a constant distance from the pivot point of the release lever. In this area is the movement of the release lever decoupled from the anchor holder without letting the anchor holder fall back. If the release lever forms an engagement for the release spring on an arm with regard to its pivot bearing, which via the opening movement leads the spring away from the pivot bearing in the sense of enlarging the lever arm, the other engagement being fixed to the housing, the torque on the release lever can be set independently of the Keep degree of tension or relaxation of the spring approximately constant. Such an embodiment is known per se (DE-C-2 059 052).

Ein einfacher Aufbau ergibt sich für den Haltemagnetauslöser, wenn der Ankerhalter im Prinzip stangenförmig ausgeführt ist und einen Montagefuß bildet, in den das Ankerplättchen mit einem Haltebügel eingehängt ist. Dieser sollte vorteilhafterweise aufgrund seiner Formgebung und/oder auch alternativ durch seine Bemessung dem Ankerplättchen Spiel belassen. Eine derartige Aufhängung des Ankerplättchens unter Spiel ist für sich bekannt (DE-B-3 332 860).A simple construction results for the holding magnet trigger if the armature holder is in principle rod-shaped and forms a mounting foot in which the armature plate is suspended with a holding bracket. This should advantageously leave play due to its shape and / or alternatively by its dimensioning the anchor plate. Such a suspension of the anchor plate with play is known per se (DE-B-3 332 860).

Die Fertigung wird vereinfacht und ein genaues Auslöseverhalten gefördert, wenn das Auslösergehäuse auch Führungsmittel zur Aufnahme eines blockartig ausgeführten Magneten an Gegenführungsmitteln aufweist. Das Aufgleiten längs der Führungmittel kann vorteilhafterweise durch Positionierungsmittel vorgegeben werden, um den Magnetblock im Gehäuse in einer gewünschten Lage längs der Führungsmittel zu positionieren.Manufacturing is simplified and precise triggering behavior is promoted if the trigger housing also has guide means for receiving a block-like magnet on counter-guide means. The sliding along the guide means can advantageously be predetermined by positioning means in order to position the magnetic block in the housing in a desired position along the guide means.

Die Genauigkeit und Langzeitsicherheit des Haltemagnetauslösers wird gefördert, wenn das Auslösergehäuse staubfrei abgedichtet ist. Hierzu ist es vorteilhaft, daß das Auslösergehäuse auch in Durchtrittsöffnungen für Anschlußleiter der Auslösewicklung des Magnetsystems durch Dichtungsmittel am Anschlußleiter oder am Gehäuse abgedichtet ist. Die Fertigung und besonders eine Mechanisierung der Fertigung wird gefördert durch Anschlußleiter, die als Stifte ausgeführt sind. Diese können in die Isoliermasse für den Spulenkörper der Auslösewicklung eingebettet werden und einen Dichtungszapfen tragen. Dieser Dichtungszapfen kann vorteilhaft durch geeignete Formgebung aus der Dichtungsmasse gebildet sein. Eine mechanisierte Fertigung wird weiter dadurch gefördert, daß die Auslösewicklung auf einem Schenkel eines zwischen zwei Schenkeln angeordneten Dauermagneten aufsteckbar ausgeführt ist.The accuracy and long-term security of the holding magnet release is promoted if the release housing is sealed dust-free. For this purpose, it is advantageous that the trigger housing the passage winding of the magnet system is also sealed in passage openings for connecting leads by sealing means on the connecting lead or on the housing. The production and especially a mechanization of the production is promoted by connecting conductors which are designed as pins. These can be embedded in the insulating compound for the coil body of the tripping winding and carry a sealing pin. This sealing pin can advantageously be formed from the sealing compound by suitable shaping. Mechanized production is further promoted by the fact that the trigger winding can be plugged onto one leg of a permanent magnet arranged between two legs.

Die Erfindung soll nun anhand von in der Zeichnung grob schematisch wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert werden:

In FIG 1
ist ein Haltemagnetauslöser bei geöffnetem schalenartigem Auslösergehäuse in Seitenansicht bei am Magneten anliegenden Ankerplättchen, also im eingeschalteten Zustand, dargestellt.
In FIG 2
ist der Haltemagnetauslöser nach FIG 1 bei Anlegen des Ankerhalters an seinem Anschlag in abgebrochener Darstellung wiedergegeben.
In FIG 3
ist in der Darstellungsweise nach FIG 2 die Weiterbewegung des Auslösehebels nach Anlegen des Ankerhalters an seinem Anschlag veranschaulicht.
In FIG 4
ist in perspektivischer Darstellung das Zusammenwirken von Ankerhalter und Auslösehebel in einer Stellung nach FIG 2 wiedergegeben.
In FIG 5
ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des Haltemagnetauslösers in Seitenansicht und bei geöffnetem schalenartigem Auslösergehäuse dargestellt.
In FIG 6
ist für einen Haltemagnetauslöser nach FIG 5 die Schaltstellung nach FIG 2 wiedergegeben.
In FIG 7
ist für einen Haltemagnetauslöser nach FIG 5 die Schaltstellung nach FIG 3 veranschaulicht.
In FIG 8
ist das Zusammenspiel von Ankerhalter und Auslösehebel eines Haltemagnetauslösers nach FIG 5 in perspektivischer Darstellung und für die Schaltstellung nach FIG 6 wiedergegeben.
In FIG 9
ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Ankerhalter mit eingehängtem Ankerplättchen perspektivisch dargestellt.
In FIG 10
ist ein Ankerhalter nach FIG 9 in Explosionsdarstellung wiedergegeben.
In FIG 11
ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine fertigungsgünstige und genaue Anordnung des Magneten im Auslösergehäuse perspektivisch dargestellt.
In FIG 12
ist der Aufbau nach FIG 11 in Explosionsdarstellung wiedergegeben.
In FIG 13
ist die abgedichtete Durchführung eines Anschlußdrahtes der Auslösewicklung durch das Auslösergehäuse veranschaulicht.
In FIG 14
ist in perspektivischer Darstellung der im Auslösergehäuse eingesetzte Magnet mit Auslösewicklung bei abgenommenem Deckel des Auslösergehäuses wiedergegeben.
In FIG 15
ist der Aufbau nach FIG 14 in Explosionsdarstellung veranschaulicht.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown roughly schematically in the drawing:
In FIG. 1
is a holding magnet release with the shell-like trigger housing open in a side view with the armature plate lying against the magnet, that is to say in the switched-on state.
In FIG. 2
1 shows the holding magnet release according to FIG. 1 when the armature holder is placed against its stop in a broken view.
In FIG. 3
the further movement of the release lever after placing the anchor holder on its stop is illustrated in the representation according to FIG.
In FIG. 4
is the perspective view of the interaction of anchor holder and release lever in a position shown in FIG 2.
5
Another embodiment of the holding magnet release is shown in side view and with the shell-like release housing open.
6
the switching position according to FIG. 2 is shown for a holding magnet release according to FIG. 5.
In FIG. 7
the switching position according to FIG. 3 is illustrated for a holding magnet release according to FIG. 5.
8
is the interaction of armature holder and release lever of a holding magnet release according to FIG 5 in a perspective view and for the switching position shown in FIG 6.
In FIG. 9
is an embodiment of an anchor holder with anchored anchor plate shown in perspective.
In FIG. 10
an anchor holder according to FIG 9 is shown in an exploded view.
In FIG. 11
is an embodiment of an inexpensive and accurate arrangement of the magnet in the trigger housing shown in perspective.
In FIG. 12
the structure of FIG 11 is shown in an exploded view.
In FIG. 13
the sealed passage of a lead wire of the trigger winding through the trigger housing is illustrated.
In FIG. 14
is a perspective view of the magnet used in the trigger housing with trigger winding with the cover of the trigger housing removed.
In FIG. 15
the structure according to FIG. 14 is illustrated in an exploded view.

Der Haltemagnetauslöser in der Ausführungsform nach FIG 1 arbeitet mit einem am Auslösergehäuse 1 geführten Ankerhalter 2. Dieser nimmt ein Ankerplättchen 3 auf und führt es in einer zur Polfläche 4 parallelen Ausrichtung. Der Haltemagnetauslöser weist einen Auslösehebel 5 auf, der unter der Einwirkung einer Auslösefeder 6 steht. Der Ankerhalter 2 steht mit dem Auslösehebel 5 mitnehmerartig in Verbindung. Nach Anlegen des Ankerhalters 2 an einem Anschlag 7, beispielsweise nach den Figuren 2 und 3, kann der Auslösehebel 5 weiterbewegt werden: beispielsweise von der Stellung nach FIG 2 in die Stellung nach FIG 3. Der Arbeitsluftspalt zwischen den Polflächen 4 und dem Ankerplättchen 3 kann klein gehalten werden und dennoch bewegt sich der Auslösehebel 5 von der Stellung nach FIG 1 bis zu der nach FIG 3 über einen großen Winkelbereich. Er kann daher mit verhältnismäßig robuster Entklinkungseinrichtung eines zugeordneten Schaltschlosses toleranzausgleichend zusammenarbeiten. Bei Einsatz in einem Fehlerstromschutzschalter fällt das Ankerplättchen bei auftretendem Fehlerstrom ab und beim Wiedereinschalten des Fehlerstromschutzschalters wird es an den Polflächen 4 des Magneten wieder angelegt. Kleine Arbeitsluftspalte zwischen Ankerplättchen und Magneten vermeiden große kinetische Kräfte, so daß die Anlageflächen zwischen Ankerplättchen und Magneten geschont werden, so daß auch das Auslöseverhalten des Haltemagnetauslösers während langer Betriebszeiten gut bleibt.The holding magnet release in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 works with an armature holder 2 guided on the release housing 1. This holds an armature plate 3 and guides it in an orientation parallel to the pole face 4. The holding magnet release has a release lever 5, which is under the action of a release spring 6. The anchor holder 2 is connected to the release lever 5 in a driver-like manner. After the armature holder 2 has been placed against a stop 7, for example according to FIGS. 2 and 3, the release lever 5 can be moved further: for example from the position according to FIG. 2 to the position according to FIG. 3. The working air gap between the pole faces 4 and the armature plate 3 can are kept small and yet the release lever 5 moves from the position shown in FIG. 1 to that shown in FIG. 3 over a large angular range. He can therefore cooperate with a relatively robust unlatching device of an assigned switching lock to compensate for tolerances. When used in a residual current circuit breaker, the armature plate falls off when a residual current occurs and when the residual current circuit breaker is switched on again, it is reapplied to the pole faces 4 of the magnet. Small working air gaps between armature plates and magnets avoid large kinetic forces, so that the contact surfaces between armature plates and magnets are protected, so that the release behavior of the holding magnet release remains good during long operating times.

Als Anschlag 7 des Ankerhalters 2 kann vorteilhafterweise eine Gehäusefläche innen oder außen dienen. Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Anschlag 7 an der Führung für den Ankerhalter 2 ausgebildet.A housing surface inside or outside can advantageously serve as the stop 7 of the anchor holder 2. In the exemplary embodiment, the stop 7 is formed on the guide for the anchor holder 2.

Nach Anlegen des Ankerhalters 2 an seinem Anschlag 7 kann der Auslösehebel im Ausführungsbeispiel an einer Gleitfläche 8 gegen den Ankerhalter 2 weiterbewegt werden. Hierbei kann eine Kante 9 längs der Gleitfläche 8 gleiten, wobei bis zum Anschlag die Mitnahme längs eines Koppelbereichs erfolgt. Der Koppelbereich ist der Bewegungsbereich des Auslösehebels 5 von der Stellung nach FIG 1 bis zur Stellung nach FIG 2 bzw. 4. Danach gleitet die Kante 9 eines Plateaubereichs am Ankerhalter längs der Gleitfläche 8 des Auslösehebels. Die Gleitfläche 8 ist theoretisch konzentrisch zur Achse 10 des Auslösehebels 5 ausgebildet. In der Praxis genügt näherungsweise auch eine ebene Fläche. In den Ausführungsbeispielen nach FIG 5 bis 8 ist der Plateaubereich am Auslösehebel und nicht am Ankerhalter ausgeführt.After the anchor holder 2 has been placed against its stop 7, the release lever in the exemplary embodiment can be moved further against the anchor holder 2 on a sliding surface 8. Here, an edge 9 can slide along the sliding surface 8, the entrainment taking place along a coupling area until it stops. The coupling area is the range of movement of the release lever 5 from the position according to FIG. 1 to the position according to FIG. 2 or 4. Thereafter, the edge 9 of a plateau area on the anchor holder slides along the sliding surface 8 of the release lever. The sliding surface 8 is theoretically formed concentrically to the axis 10 of the release lever 5. In practice, a flat surface is approximately sufficient. In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 5 to 8, the plateau region is designed on the release lever and not on the anchor holder.

Der Auslösehebel 5 bildet den einen Eingriff 11 am Auslösehebel 5 für die Auslösefeder 6, und zwar an einem Arm hinsichtlich des Drehlagers 10. Über die Öffnungsbewegung gesehen, wird die Auslösefeder 6 vom Drehlager 10 im Sinne der Vergrößerung des Hebelarms weggeführt, wie es aus einem Vergleich der Figuren 1 und 2 oder 1 und 3 ersichtlich ist. Die Wirkungslinie 12 der Auslösefeder 6 wandert dabei von der Achse bzw. vom Drehlager 10 des Auslösehebels weg, wodurch sich der Hebelarm für die Wirkung der Auslösefeder vergrößert. Dadurch wird entgegengewirkt, daß sich die Kraft der Auslösefeder bei sich zusammenziehender Auslösefeder verringert. Dadurch vergleichmäßigen sich die Einschaltkräfte, so daß die Mechanik leichter dimensioniert werden kann und die magnetisch wirksamen Flächen von Ankerplättchen 3 und Polflächen 4 geschont werden.The release lever 5 forms an engagement 11 on the release lever 5 for the release spring 6, namely on an arm with respect to the pivot bearing 10. When viewed over the opening movement, the release spring 6 is guided away from the pivot bearing 10 in the sense of enlarging the lever arm, as is the case with a Comparison of Figures 1 and 2 or 1 and 3 can be seen. The line of action 12 of the trigger spring 6 moves away from the axis or from the pivot bearing 10 of the trigger lever, whereby the lever arm for the effect of the trigger spring increases. This counteracts the fact that the force of the release spring is reduced when the release spring contracts. As a result, the switch-on forces are equalized, so that the mechanics can be dimensioned more easily and the magnetically active surfaces of armature plates 3 and pole surfaces 4 are protected.

Im weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 5 bis 8 ist die wirksame Kante 9 am Auslösehebel 5 ausgeführt. Die Gleitfläche 8 bleibt am Auslösehebel 5. Im übrigen entspricht die Position nach den Figuren 5 bis 8 der Position nach den Figuren 1 bis 4. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 5 bis 8 ist weiter der Einsatz einer Rückstellfeder 13 veranschaulicht, die in der Darstellung nach FIG 8 ebenso wie das Auslösergehäuse und die Auslösefeder weggelassen ist.In the further exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5 to 8, the effective edge 9 is designed on the release lever 5. The sliding surface 8 remains on the release lever 5. Otherwise, the position according to FIGS. 5 to 8 corresponds to the position according to FIGS. 1 to 4. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5 to 8, the use of a return spring 13 is further illustrated, which is shown in the illustration according to FIG 8 as well as the trigger housing and the trigger spring is omitted.

Der Ankerhalter nach FIG 9, der dem nach den Figuren 1 bis 4 entspricht, im Prinzip aber auch dem nach dem Figuren 5 bis 8, ist stangenförmig ausgebildet und bildet einen Montagefuß 14. Im Montagefuß 14 ist das Ankerplättchen 3 mittels eines Haltebügels 15 eingehängt. Aufgrund seiner Formgebung und Bemessung behält das Ankerplättchen 3 in Grenzen Spiel. Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Haltebügel 15 W-förmig ausgeführt. Er bildet eine Auflagestelle 17 für das Ankerplättchen 3 und läßt ihm in Führungsausnehmungen 16 Spiel. Im einzelnen ist der Aufbau aus der Explosionsdarstellung nach FIG 10 zu ersehen.The anchor holder according to FIG. 9, which corresponds to that according to FIGS. 1 to 4, but in principle also to that according to FIGS. 5 to 8, is rod-shaped and forms a mounting foot 14. In the mounting foot 14, the anchor plate 3 is suspended by means of a holding bracket 15. Due to its shape and dimensions, the anchor plate 3 remains within limits. In the embodiment, the bracket 15 is W-shaped. It forms a support point 17 for the anchor plate 3 and leaves him 16 game in guide recesses. The structure can be seen in detail from the exploded view according to FIG.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach FIG 11 weist das Auslösergehäuse 1 auch Führungsmittel 18 zur Aufnahme eines blockartig ausgeführten Magnetblocks 19 auf. Der Magnetblock 19 wird an den Führungsmitteln 18 durch seine Gegenführungsmittel 20 beim Einsetzen in das Auslösergehäuse 1 geführt. Hierbei wird seine Position im einzelnen durch Positionierungmittel 21 festgelegt. Diese bilden einen Anschlag und begrenzen das Einführen des Magnetblocks im Gehäuse in einer gewünschten Lage. Die Führungsmittel 18 für den Magnetblock 19 können überständig ausgeführt sein und einen Niet- bzw. Schweißkopf bilden, um den Magnetblock in seiner montierten Lage festzulegen. Der Magnetblock 19 kann einen Dauermagneten 22 in einem Zwischenstück und zwischen zwei Schenkeln 23 aus magnetisch leitendem Material aufnehmen, das die Polflächen 4 bildet.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 11, the trigger housing 1 also has guide means 18 for receiving a magnetic block 19 designed in the form of a block. The magnetic block 19 is guided on the guide means 18 by its counter-guide means 20 when it is inserted into the trigger housing 1. Here, its position is determined in detail by positioning means 21. These form a stop and limit the insertion of the magnetic block in the housing in a desired position. The guide means 18 for the magnetic block 19 can be designed to be overhanging and form a rivet or welding head in order to fix the magnetic block in its assembled position. The magnetic block 19 can receive a permanent magnet 22 in an intermediate piece and between two legs 23 made of magnetically conductive material, which forms the pole faces 4.

Es ist günstig, wenn das Auslösergehäuse 1 staubdicht ausgeführt wird. Hierbei ist es günstig, auch Durchtrittsöffnungen für Anschlußleiter 24 der Auslösewicklung 25 des Magnetblocks 19 durch Dichtungsmittel 26 gegen das Gehäuse abzudichten. Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Auslösergehäuse 1 im Bereich der Durchtrittsöffnung für den Anschlußleiter 24 nach innen zurückspringend ausgeführt, um bei einem materialgegebenen Biegeradius der Anschlußleiter 24 diese im Bereich der äußeren Oberfläche des Auslösergehäuses abgewinkelt herumführen zu können. Dadurch kann ein raumsparender Aufbau für die erforderliche Verbindung zu weiteren Bauteilen eines Gerätes, in dem der Haltemagnetauslöser eingesetzt ist, erzielt werden. Fertigungstechnisch stabile Bezugspunkte werden erzielt, wenn die Anschlußleiter 24 als Stifte ausgeführt sind. Eine einfache Ausführung ergibt sich hiermit dadurch, daß die Isoliermasse für den Spulenkörper der Auslösewicklung 25 zugleich das Dichtungsmittel 26 in Form eines Dichtungszapfens bildet. Man vgl. FIG 13.It is advantageous if the trigger housing 1 is made dustproof. It is advantageous here to also seal through-openings for connecting conductors 24 of the trigger winding 25 of the magnetic block 19 by means of sealing means 26 against the housing. In the exemplary embodiment, the trigger housing 1 is designed to spring back inward in the region of the passage opening for the connecting conductor 24 in order to be able to guide the connecting conductor 24 at an angle in the region of the outer surface of the trigger housing given a material-given bending radius. As a result, a space-saving construction for the necessary connection to further components of a device in which the holding magnet release is used can be achieved. Technically stable reference points are achieved if the connecting conductors 24 are designed as pins. A simple design results from the fact that the insulating compound for the coil form of the release winding 25 also forms the sealing means 26 in the form of a sealing pin. One cf. FIG. 13.

Die Auslösewicklung 25 kann vorteilhafterweise auf einem Schenkel angeordnet werden, wobei zwei Schenkel und ein Zwischenstück zwischen sich einen Dauermagneten 22 aufnehmen. Der so nach FIG 15 fertig montierte Magnetblock kann als Ganzes in das Auslösergehäuse 1 eingeführt werden, wobei die Anschlußleiter 24 in Durchtrittsöffnungen 27 im Boden des Auslösergehäuses 1 bis zum Verschließen durch die Dichtungsmittel 26 durchgreifen.The trigger winding 25 can advantageously be arranged on one leg, with two legs and an intermediate piece between them holding a permanent magnet 22. The magnetic block thus completely assembled in accordance with FIG. 15 can be inserted as a whole into the trigger housing 1, the connecting conductors 24 engaging in passage openings 27 in the bottom of the trigger housing 1 until they are closed by the sealing means 26.

Claims (9)

  1. A trip device with holding magnet for protective switches, in particular for fault current interrupters, which operates with an armature holder (2) which is guided on the trip device housing (1) and holds an armature platelet accommodated in the said armature holder in parallel alignment with the polar surface (4) of the magnet, the armature holder (2) being connected in drivable fashion to a trip lever (5) which is acted upon by a trip spring (6), characterised in that the driving connection is such that, once the armature holder (2) comes to rest against an abutment (7), the trip lever (5) can be displaced further, optionally until it reaches an abutment for the trip lever.
  2. A trip device with holding magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that a housing surface on the inside or and outside acts as an abutment (7) for the armature holder (2).
  3. A trip device with holding magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that, once the armature holder (2) comes to rest against its abutment (7), the trip lever (5) can be displaced further towards the armature holder (2) along a slide surface (8), in particular by sliding an edge (9) along the slide surface (8), the drive being effected over a coupling range as far as the abutment.
  4. A trip device with holding magnet according to claim 1, characterised in that the trip lever (5) forms an engagement site (11) for the trip spring (6) on one arm relative to its swivel bearing (10), which engagement site guides the trip spring (6) away from the swivel bearing (10) during the opening movement in order to lengthen the lever arm, the other engagement site being fixed to the housing.
  5. A trip device with holding magnet according to claim 1 or one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the armature holder (2) is essentially constructed in the manner of a rod and forms a mounting foot (14), in which the armature platelet (3) is suspended by means of a holding bracket (15), which as a result of its shape and/or dimensions imparts the armature platelet (3) with a degree of play.
  6. A trip device according to claim 1, one of claims 1 to 5 or claim 5, characterised in that the trip device housing (1) also comprises guide means (18) for receiving a block-like magnet block (19) on counter guide means (20) and comprises positioning means (21) for positioning the magnet block in a desired position in the housing.
  7. A trip device according to claim 1, one of claims 1 to 4, claims 5 or 6, characterised in that the trip device housing (1) is sealed in through openings (27) for conductors (24) of the trip winding (25) of the magnet block (19) by sealing means (26) on the conductors or on the housing.
  8. A trip device according to claim 7, characterised in that the conductors (24) are constructed as pins which are embedded in the insulating material for the coil element of the trip winding (25), the insulating material forming a sealing journal.
  9. A trip device according to claim 7, characterised in that the trip winding (25) can be fitted onto a limb of a permanent magnet (22) arranged between two limbs.
EP92102856A 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Trip device with holding magnet for protective switches, in particular for ground fault circuit interrupter Expired - Lifetime EP0561005B1 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9202223U DE9202223U1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Holding magnet releases for protective switching devices, especially for residual current circuit breakers
EP92102856A EP0561005B1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Trip device with holding magnet for protective switches, in particular for ground fault circuit interrupter
DE9202221U DE9202221U1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Holding magnet releases for protective switching devices, especially for residual current circuit breakers
DK92102856.9T DK0561005T3 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Hold solenoid trigger for distribution systems, especially for circuit breakers
DE9202222U DE9202222U1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Holding magnet releases for protective switching devices, especially for residual current circuit breakers
DE59202459T DE59202459D1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Holding magnet release for protective switching devices, especially for residual current circuit breakers.
AT92102856T ATE123588T1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 HOLDING MAGNETIC TRIGGER FOR PROTECTIVE SWITCHGEAR, ESPECIALLY FOR RESIDUAL CURRENCY BREAKERS.
ES92102856T ES2072643T3 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 RETAINING MAGNET TRIGGER FOR PROTECTIVE DEVICES, ESPECIALLY FOR FAULT CURRENT SWITCHES.
JP5051352A JPH0652787A (en) 1992-02-20 1993-02-17 Trip device of protective switching utensil
CN93102004.2A CN1034372C (en) 1992-02-20 1993-02-20 Protective switch, especially used for protection against unnormal current

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9202223U DE9202223U1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Holding magnet releases for protective switching devices, especially for residual current circuit breakers
EP92102856A EP0561005B1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Trip device with holding magnet for protective switches, in particular for ground fault circuit interrupter
DE9202221U DE9202221U1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Holding magnet releases for protective switching devices, especially for residual current circuit breakers
DE9202222U DE9202222U1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Holding magnet releases for protective switching devices, especially for residual current circuit breakers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0561005A1 EP0561005A1 (en) 1993-09-22
EP0561005B1 true EP0561005B1 (en) 1995-06-07

Family

ID=27436446

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92102856A Expired - Lifetime EP0561005B1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 Trip device with holding magnet for protective switches, in particular for ground fault circuit interrupter

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0561005B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0652787A (en)
CN (1) CN1034372C (en)
AT (1) ATE123588T1 (en)
DE (4) DE9202222U1 (en)
DK (1) DK0561005T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2072643T3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101527228B (en) * 2008-03-03 2012-01-18 西门子公司 excitor

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9408669U1 (en) * 1994-05-26 1994-07-14 Siemens AG, 80333 München Holding magnet release for protective switching devices, especially for residual current circuit breakers
DE19727826A1 (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-01-07 Siemens Ag Electrical installation device with memory element
KR100364824B1 (en) * 2000-12-05 2002-12-16 엘지산전 주식회사 The current leakage trip device in earth leakage circuit breaker
KR200496737Y1 (en) * 2018-04-02 2023-04-13 엘에스일렉트릭(주) Trip Device of Molded Case Circuit Breaker

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE511452C (en) * 1928-06-21 1930-11-01 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Automatic switch for direct current
CH538189A (en) * 1970-12-01 1973-06-15 Siemens Ag Circuit breaker, especially residual current circuit breaker
FR2331877A1 (en) * 1975-11-13 1977-06-10 Saparel Sensitive electromagnetic relay with two iron cores - has permanent magnet between cores and has control coil forming flat structure
DE2856316C3 (en) * 1978-12-27 1983-11-03 Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik GmbH, 5000 Köln Electronic tripping system for circuit breakers, in particular for residual current circuit breakers
DE3332860A1 (en) * 1983-09-12 1985-03-28 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Trip device for an earth-leakage current protection circuit breaker

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101527228B (en) * 2008-03-03 2012-01-18 西门子公司 excitor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE9202221U1 (en) 1992-04-23
DE9202223U1 (en) 1992-04-23
ES2072643T3 (en) 1995-07-16
CN1034372C (en) 1997-03-26
EP0561005A1 (en) 1993-09-22
DE9202222U1 (en) 1992-04-23
DE59202459D1 (en) 1995-07-13
ATE123588T1 (en) 1995-06-15
DK0561005T3 (en) 1995-11-06
CN1076055A (en) 1993-09-08
JPH0652787A (en) 1994-02-25

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