EP0559144A2 - Method and device for firing by gas a furnace used in the ceramics industry - Google Patents
Method and device for firing by gas a furnace used in the ceramics industry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0559144A2 EP0559144A2 EP93103297A EP93103297A EP0559144A2 EP 0559144 A2 EP0559144 A2 EP 0559144A2 EP 93103297 A EP93103297 A EP 93103297A EP 93103297 A EP93103297 A EP 93103297A EP 0559144 A2 EP0559144 A2 EP 0559144A2
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- Prior art keywords
- burner
- mixture
- gas
- burners
- group
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241001156002 Anthonomus pomorum Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001136792 Alle Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K5/002—Gaseous fuel
- F23K5/005—Gaseous fuel from a central source to a plurality of burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for gas firing according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a device for carrying out gas firing according to the preamble of patent claim 12.
- the firing zone or high-temperature zone has hitherto usually been equipped either with so-called clean gas pulse burners or with so-called primary air burners.
- the clean gas pulse burners work without air.
- the gas is blown into the kiln in short pulses.
- it is disadvantageous that such clean gas pulse burners only prove themselves under certain operating conditions. For high ovens or such at high flow speeds, there is a risk that the pulse flames will be deflected by the prevailing flow and will therefore no longer cover the full height or width of the stack of items to be burned. This results in undesirable temperature differences across the cross section of the combustion chamber.
- Primary air burner With the primary air burner, an air flow is blown in separately at each burner at the same time as the gas. This air flow must be of sufficient mass to carry the gas with it when it leaves the burner and to give the flame a long range.
- Primary air burners are preferably used in furnaces with a very high combustion output and a high flow rate.
- a disadvantage of such primary air burners is their relatively complex structure.
- the primary air burners have burner lances that consist of an outer tube for air and an inner tube for gas.
- Both pipes have to be made of a highly refractory special steel because the tip of the lance has to be only a few centimeters in front of the combustion chamber, in which temperatures of 800 ° C to 1100 ° C occur.
- the pipes are also subject to heavy wear due to the often very corrosive furnace atmosphere. Pipes made of corrosion-resistant ceramics, such as silicon carbide, can hardly be used, since the necessary structural details such as nozzles, swirl vanes, centering can only be achieved with very high costs, in particular mold costs.
- a disadvantage of the previously known constructions is also the outlay in terms of equipment because separate lines, hoses, couplings, regulating elements, etc. are required for gas and air.
- the invention has for its object to develop a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned in such a way that the gas firing can be carried out with less design effort compared to the known prior art.
- gas firing can be implemented with a comparatively significantly lower design and manufacturing outlay.
- the method and the device according to the invention advantageously enable the use of simple ceramic tubes without special shapes, as a result of which high wear resistance can be achieved inexpensively.
- the gas / primary air mixing ratio is advantageously chosen so that no ignitable mixture is formed, the amount of air in any case being considerably below the amount required for stoichiometric combustion.
- the mixture of gas and primary air can, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, by any burner or each Burner group, which consists of about six to twenty burners, are formed separately.
- the mixture can also be formed centrally for all burners or burner groups, the non-ignitable mixture being fed to the individual burners or burner groups in a safety-advantageous manner via a single distributor line.
- the mixture provided before being fed to the burner or burners takes place in a pressure-tight mixing vessel, from which the mixture flows via a line to the or to the burners, actuators still being attached in this line.
- the mixing device is preferably controllable in order to set and maintain the required mixture ratios.
- the mixture is supplied by pulsed blowing, the frequency and the length of the blowing pulses being preferably controlled.
- the gas firing can be adapted well to the respective needs, with further optimization of the gas firing being achievable according to a further embodiment if burners with at least one burner group or for burner groups with different burners are subjected to a cyclical burner application with mixture pulses.
- the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention also advantageously enable the gas firing to be adapted regionally with respect to the combustion material, in which the lower region of a combustion material with the long flames and the The upper part of the material to be burned is heated with short flames, and according to an advantageous development of the invention, burners with long flames and burners with short flames, which are present in at least one burner group, can alternately be supplied with the mixture.
- the height of the fire or the temperature distribution over the height of the material to be fired or trimmings can also preferably be influenced by adjusting the operating time of the gas firing.
- At least one actuator is provided for the respective control of the pulsed injection, and preferably corresponding actuators can also be provided for controlling the length, shape and / or temperature of the flames for each burner or each burner group.
- each burner has an injection tube consisting predominantly of ceramic material, and that a simple device for swirling and / or deflection is preferably provided for each injected mixture jet on each burner.
- the primary air burner group outlined in Fig. 1 consists of a total of ten burners 7, for which a mixture preparation in mixing vessels 12 is provided, to each of which primary air via a line 2 and a distributor pipe 4 and gas or fuel gas via a line 1 and a gas distributor pipe 11 and Branches 13 are supplied.
- the mixing vessel 12 which can be regulated in a manner not shown, the mixture is fed to the burners 7 via intermediate lines 6 via actuators 5.
- the burner 7 consists, in a simple manner, as shown in FIG. 3, of an injection tube 8, which mainly consists of ceramic material and has an outlet opening 9, from which the mixture for gas firing is blown into a furnace 10. In a manner not shown, this blowing can be done in pulses, whereby according to the features mentioned above, the frequency and the length of the blowing pulses can also be controlled in a manner not shown, as can the sequence and the flame design and its area of use.
- the alternative embodiment of a primary air burner according to FIG. 2 has, instead of individual mixing vessels 12 arranged in front of each burner 7, a central mixing vessel 3 to which primary air is fed via a line 2 and fuel gas via a line 1 without the interposition of actuators, not shown.
- the mixing vessel 3 as well as the control elements (not shown) for this purpose and the control elements 5 can, as mentioned above, be controlled in a manner not shown in order to enable individual regulation of the mixture quantity of each individual burner 7.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Gasbefeuerung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung einer Gasbefeuerung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 12.The invention relates to a method for gas firing according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a device for carrying out gas firing according to the preamble of
In gasbefeuerten Brennöfen, insbesondere Tunnelöfen, der keramischen Industrie wird bisher die Brennzone bzw. Hochtemperaturzone üblicherweise entweder mit sogenannten Reingas-Impulsbrennern oder mit sogenannten Primärluftbrennern ausgerüstet. Die Reingas-Impulsbrenner arbeiten ohne Luft. Bei ihnen wird das Gas in kurzen Impulsen in den Brennofen geblasen. Nachteilig ist dabei jedoch, daß sich derartige Reingas-Impulsbrenner nur unter bestimmten Betriebsbedingungen bewähren. Bei hohen Öfen oder solchen mit hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit besteht die Gefahr, daß die Impulsflammen durch die herrschende Strömung abgelenkt werden und dadurch nicht mehr die volle Höhe bzw. Breite des Brenngutstapels bestreichen. Hieraus resultieren unerwünschte Temperaturdifferenzen über dem Querschnitt des Brennraums.In gas-fired kilns, in particular tunnel kilns, in the ceramic industry, the firing zone or high-temperature zone has hitherto usually been equipped either with so-called clean gas pulse burners or with so-called primary air burners. The clean gas pulse burners work without air. The gas is blown into the kiln in short pulses. However, it is disadvantageous that such clean gas pulse burners only prove themselves under certain operating conditions. For high ovens or such at high flow speeds, there is a risk that the pulse flames will be deflected by the prevailing flow and will therefore no longer cover the full height or width of the stack of items to be burned. This results in undesirable temperature differences across the cross section of the combustion chamber.
Bei dem Primärluftbrenner wird gleichzeitig mit dem Gas ein Luftstrom separat an jedem Brenner eingeblasen. Dieser Luftstrom muß eine ausreichende Masse aufweisen, um das Gas bei Austritt aus dem Brenner mitzureißen und der Flamme eine große Reichweite zu geben. Primärluftbrenner werden vorzugsweise bei Öfen mit sehr hoher Brennleistung und mit hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit eingesetzt.With the primary air burner, an air flow is blown in separately at each burner at the same time as the gas. This air flow must be of sufficient mass to carry the gas with it when it leaves the burner and to give the flame a long range. Primary air burners are preferably used in furnaces with a very high combustion output and a high flow rate.
Als nachteilig ist bei derartigen Primärluftbrennern allerdings ihr relativ aufwendiger Aufbau anzusehen. Die Primärluftbrenner weisen Brennerlanzen auf, die aus einem Außenrohr für Luft und einem Innenrohr für Gas bestehen. Beide Rohre müssen aus einem hochfeuerfesten Spezialstahl hergestellt sein, weil sich die Lanzenspitze nur wenige Zentimeter vor dem Brennraum befinden muß, in dem Temperaturen von 800 °C bis 1100 °C auftreten. Die Rohre unterliegen zudem wegen der häufig sehr korrosiven Ofenatmosphäre einem starken Verschleiß. Kaum verwendbar sind Rohre aus korrosionsbeständiger Keramik, wie beispielsweise aus Siliziumkarbid, da mit diesen die erforderlichen konstruktiven Details wie Düsen, Drallflügel, Zentrierungen nur mit sehr hohen Kosten, insbesondere Formenkosten, verwirklicht werden können. Nachteilig ist bei den bisher bekannten Konstruktionen auch der apparative Aufwand, weil für Gas und Luft jeweils eigene Leitungen, Schläuche, Kupplungen, Regelorgane usw. erforderlich sind.A disadvantage of such primary air burners is their relatively complex structure. The primary air burners have burner lances that consist of an outer tube for air and an inner tube for gas. Both pipes have to be made of a highly refractory special steel because the tip of the lance has to be only a few centimeters in front of the combustion chamber, in which temperatures of 800 ° C to 1100 ° C occur. The pipes are also subject to heavy wear due to the often very corrosive furnace atmosphere. Pipes made of corrosion-resistant ceramics, such as silicon carbide, can hardly be used, since the necessary structural details such as nozzles, swirl vanes, centering can only be achieved with very high costs, in particular mold costs. A disadvantage of the previously known constructions is also the outlay in terms of equipment because separate lines, hoses, couplings, regulating elements, etc. are required for gas and air.
Das Prinzip einer getrennten Zuführung von Primärluft und Gas und der Gemischbildung in dem jeweiligen Brenner bzw. im Brenneraustrittsöffnungsbereich ist beispielsweise in der DE-OS 3045106, der DE-OS 3834795, der DD-PS 235003 und der GB-PS 2217829 offenbart. Ein System der Bestückung von Industrieöfen bzw. Tunnelöfen mit Lufteindüsungen und verschiedenen Brennersystemen beschreibt weiterhin die DD-PS 131291.The principle of separate supply of primary air and gas and the mixture formation in the respective burner or in the burner outlet opening area is disclosed for example in DE-OS 3045106, DE-OS 3834795, DD-PS 235003 and GB-PS 2217829. A system for equipping industrial ovens or tunnel ovens DD-PS 131291 continues to describe air injections and various burner systems.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Gattung derart weiterzubilden, daß die Gasbefeuerung mit einem im Vergleich zum bekannten Stand der Technik geringeren konstruktiven Aufwand durchgeführt werden kann.The invention has for its object to develop a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned in such a way that the gas firing can be carried out with less design effort compared to the known prior art.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe verfahrensseitig durch die im Patentanspruch 1 genannten Merkmale und vorrichtungsseitig durch die im Patentanspruch 12 genannten Merkmale gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved on the process side by the features mentioned in patent claim 1 and on the device side by the features mentioned in
Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung, die das Verfahren bzw. die Vorrichtung vorteilhaft weiterbilden, sind den Jeweils nachgeordneten Patentansprüchen zu entnehmen.Preferred embodiments of the invention, which advantageously further develop the method and the device, can be found in the respective subordinate claims.
Aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung läßt sich die Gasbefeuerung mit einem vergleichsweise deutlich geringeren konstruktiven und herstellungstechnischen Aufwand realisieren. Vorteilhaft ermöglichen das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung die Verwendung von einfachen Keramikrohren ohne Sonderformen, wodurch hohe Verschleißfestigkeiten kostengünstig erzielt werden können. Dies wird bei der Erfindung dadurch erreicht, daß die Mischung der beiden Medien Gas und Primärluft schon vor den einzelnen Brennern herbeigeführt wird, so daß die aufwendige Konstruktion des Brenners entfällt und auch der Brenner mit relativ geringen Kosten aus verschleißfestem Material gefertigt werden kann. Das Mischungsverhältnis Gas/Primärluft wird dabei vorteilhaft so gewählt, daß kein zündfähiges Gemisch entsteht, wobei die Luftmenge in jedem Fall beträchtlich unter der zur stöchiometrischen Verbrennung erforderlichen Menge liegt.Because of the configuration according to the invention, gas firing can be implemented with a comparatively significantly lower design and manufacturing outlay. The method and the device according to the invention advantageously enable the use of simple ceramic tubes without special shapes, as a result of which high wear resistance can be achieved inexpensively. This is achieved in the invention in that the mixture of the two media gas and primary air is brought in before the individual burners, so that the complex design of the burner is eliminated and the burner can be manufactured at relatively low cost from wear-resistant material. The gas / primary air mixing ratio is advantageously chosen so that no ignitable mixture is formed, the amount of air in any case being considerably below the amount required for stoichiometric combustion.
Die Mischung von Gas und Primärluft kann dabei nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung durch Jeden Brenner bzw. jede Brennergruppe, die etwa aus sechs bis zwanzig Brennern besteht, separat gebildet werden. Alternativ kann nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung das Gemisch auch zentral für alle Brenner bzw. Brennergruppen gebildet werden, wobei das nicht zündfähige Gemisch in sicherheitstechnisch vorteilhafter Weise über eine einzige Verteilerleitung den einzelnen Brennern bzw. Brennergruppen zugeführt wird.The mixture of gas and primary air can, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, by any burner or each Burner group, which consists of about six to twenty burners, are formed separately. Alternatively, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mixture can also be formed centrally for all burners or burner groups, the non-ignitable mixture being fed to the individual burners or burner groups in a safety-advantageous manner via a single distributor line.
Die vorgesehene Mischung vor dem Zuführen zu dem bzw. den Brennern erfolgt gemäß der Erfindung in einem druckdichten Mischgefäß, von dem das Gemisch über eine Leitung zu dem bzw. zu den Brennern strömt, wobei in dieser Leitung noch Stellorgane angebracht werden.According to the invention, the mixture provided before being fed to the burner or burners takes place in a pressure-tight mixing vessel, from which the mixture flows via a line to the or to the burners, actuators still being attached in this line.
Das Mischgerät ist vorzugsweise regelbar, um benötigte Gemischverhältnisse einzustellen und beizubehalten.The mixing device is preferably controllable in order to set and maintain the required mixture ratios.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird die Zuführung des Gemischs durch impulsweises Einblasen vorgenommen, wobei bevorzugt die Frequenz und die Länge der Einblasimpulse gesteuert werden. Hierdurch läßt sich die Gasbefeuerung an die jeweiligen Bedürfnisse gut anpassen, wobei eine weitere Optimierung der Gasbefeuerung nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung dann erreichbar ist, wenn Brenner wenigstens einer Brennergruppe bzw. für Brennergruppen mit unterschiedlichen Brennern eine zyklische Brennerbeaufschlagung mit Gemischimpulsen vorgenommen wird. Alternativ oder gleichzeitig besteht weiterhin in günstiger Weise die Möglichkeit, die Flammenlänge, die Flammenform sowie die Flammentemperatur durch Steuerung des Drucks der Primärluft, des Mischungsverhältnisses Gas/Primärluft und/oder durch Dimensionierung der Gemischaustrittsöffnung einzustellen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mixture is supplied by pulsed blowing, the frequency and the length of the blowing pulses being preferably controlled. As a result, the gas firing can be adapted well to the respective needs, with further optimization of the gas firing being achievable according to a further embodiment if burners with at least one burner group or for burner groups with different burners are subjected to a cyclical burner application with mixture pulses. Alternatively or at the same time, there is still the option of setting the flame length, the flame shape and the flame temperature by controlling the pressure of the primary air, the mixing ratio gas / primary air and / or by dimensioning the mixture outlet opening.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglichen in günstiger Weise auch eine bereichsweise Anpassung der Gasbefeuerung bezüglich des Brenngutes, in dem der untere Bereich eines Brenngutes mit den langen Flammen und der obere Teil des Brenngutes mit kurzen Flammen erhitzt wird, wobei nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung weiterhin wenigstens in einer Brennergruppe vorhandene Brenner mit langen Flammen und Brenner mit kurzen Flammen alternierend mit dem Gemisch beaufschlagt werden können. Die Feuerhöhe bzw. die Temperaturverteilung über die Höhe des Brenngutes bzw. Besatzes kann zudem vorzugsweise durch Verstellen der Einschaltdauer der Gasbefeuerung beeinflußt werden.The method according to the invention and the device according to the invention also advantageously enable the gas firing to be adapted regionally with respect to the combustion material, in which the lower region of a combustion material with the long flames and the The upper part of the material to be burned is heated with short flames, and according to an advantageous development of the invention, burners with long flames and burners with short flames, which are present in at least one burner group, can alternately be supplied with the mixture. The height of the fire or the temperature distribution over the height of the material to be fired or trimmings can also preferably be influenced by adjusting the operating time of the gas firing.
Für die jeweilige Steuerung der impulsweisen Einblasung ist wenigstens ein Stellorgan vorgesehen, wobei vorzugsweise auch für die Steuerung der Länge, Form und/oder Temperatur der Flammen für jeden Brenner bzw. jede Brennergruppe entsprechende Stellorgane vorgesehen sein können.At least one actuator is provided for the respective control of the pulsed injection, and preferably corresponding actuators can also be provided for controlling the length, shape and / or temperature of the flames for each burner or each burner group.
Hinsichtlich der konstruktiven Vereinfachung bietet die Erfindung die günstige Möglichkeit, daß jeder Brenner ein vorwiegend aus keramischem Material bestehendes Einblasrohr aufweist, und daß vorzugsweise für den eingeblasenen Gemischstrahl an jedem Brenner eine einfache Einrichtung für die Verwirbelung und/oder Umlenkung vorgesehen ist.With regard to the structural simplification, the invention offers the favorable possibility that each burner has an injection tube consisting predominantly of ceramic material, and that a simple device for swirling and / or deflection is preferably provided for each injected mixture jet on each burner.
In den anliegenden Figuren wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Primärluftbrennergruppe, bei der das Gemisch für jeden Brenner separat vor diesem gebildet wird;
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Primärluftbrennergruppe, bei der das Gemisch zentral für alle Brenner vor diesem gebildet wird; und
- Fig. 3
- eine schematisierte Darstellung eines in einem Ofen befestigten Brenners mit einem Einblasrohr aus keramischen Material.
- Fig. 1
- is a schematic representation of a primary air burner group, in which the mixture for each burner is formed separately before this;
- Fig. 2
- is a schematic representation of a primary air burner group, in which the mixture is formed centrally for all burners before this; and
- Fig. 3
- a schematic representation of a burner fixed in an oven with an injection tube made of ceramic material.
Die in Fig. 1 skizzierte Primärluftbrennergruppe besteht aus insgesamt zehn Brennern 7, für die eine Gemischaufbereitung in Mischgefäßen 12 vorgesehen ist, zu denen jeweils Primärluft über eine Leitung 2 und ein Verteilerrohr 4 sowie Gas bzw. Brenngas über eine Leitung 1 und ein Gasverteilerrohr 11 und Abzweigungen 13 zugeführt werden. Aus dem in nicht dargestellter Weise regelbaren Mischgefäß 12 wird das Gemisch über Stellorgane 5 den Brennern 7 über Zwischenleitungen 6 zugeführt. Der Brenner 7 besteht in einfacher Weise, wie in Fig. 3 gezeigt, aus einem Einblasrohr 8, das vorwiegend aus keramischen Material besteht und eine Austrittsöffnung 9 aufweist, aus der das Gemisch zur Gasbefeuerung in einen Brennofen 10 eingeblasen wird. In nicht dargestellter Weise kann dieses Einblasen impulsweise erfolgen, wobei gemäß den oben erwähnten Merkmalen auch die Frequenz und die Länge der Einblasimpulse in nicht dargestellter Weise ebenso wie die Abfolge und die Flammengestaltung und deren Einsatzbereich gesteuert werden können.The primary air burner group outlined in Fig. 1 consists of a total of ten
Die alternative Ausgestaltung eines Primärluftbrenners gemäß Fig. 2 besitzt statt einzelner vor Jedem Brenner 7 angeordneter Mischgefäße 12 ein zentrales Mischgefäß 3, dem Primärluft über eine Leitung 2 und Brenngas über eine Leitung 1 ohne Zwischenschaltung von nicht dargestellten Stellorganen zugeführt werden. Auch das Mischgefäß 3 sowie die nicht dargestellten Stellorgane hierfür sowie die Stellorgane 5 sind, wie oben erwähnt, in nicht dargestellter Weise steuerbar, um eine individuelle Regelung der Gemischmenge jedes einzelnen Brenners 7 ermöglichen zu können.The alternative embodiment of a primary air burner according to FIG. 2 has, instead of
Claims (21)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß aus Gas und Primärluft ein nichtzündfähiges Gemisch herstellt wird, und daß dieses Gemisch Jedem Brenner bzw. jeder Brennergruppe zugeführt wird.Method for gas firing a furnace of the ceramic industry, which has at least one burner or one burner group,
characterized by
that a non-ignitable mixture is produced from gas and primary air, and that this mixture is fed to each burner or each burner group.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an dem Gemisch ein Luftanteil gewählt wird, der unter der zur stöchiometrischen Verbrennung erforderlichen Menge liegt.Method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that an air fraction is selected in the mixture, which under the amount required for stoichiometric combustion.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Gemisch für jeden Brenner bzw. jede Brennergruppe separat gebildet wird.The method of claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the mixture is formed separately for each burner or each burner group.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Gemisch zentral für alle Brenner bzw. Brennergruppen gebildet wird.The method of claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the mixture is formed centrally for all burners or burner groups.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Zuführung des Gemischs durch impulsweises Einblasen vorgenommen wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the mixture is supplied by pulsed blowing.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Frequenz und die Länge der Einblasimpulse gesteuert werden.Method according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the frequency and the length of the injection pulses are controlled.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Brenner wenigstens einer Brennergruppe in zyklischer Aufeinanderfolge mit Gemischimpulsen beaufschlagt werden.Method according to claim 5 or 6,
characterized,
that burners of at least one burner group are subjected to mixture pulses in a cyclic succession.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Flammenlänge, die Flammenform sowie die Flammentemperatur durch Steuerung des Drucks der Primärluft, des Mischungsverhältnisses Gas/Primärluft und/oder Dimensionierung der Gemischaustrittsöffnung eingestellt werden.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the flame length, the flame shape and the flame temperature are adjusted by controlling the pressure of the primary air, the mixing ratio gas / primary air and / or dimensioning of the mixture outlet opening.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der untere Bereich eines Brenngutes mit langen Flammen und der obere Teil des Brenngutes mit kurzen Flammen erhitzt wird.A method according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the lower part of a fired product with long flames and the upper part of the fired product with short flames is heated.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß wenigstens in einer Brennergruppe vorhandene Brenner mit langen Flammen und Brenner mit kurzen Flammen alternierend mit dem Gemisch beaufschlagt werden.Method according to claim 9,
characterized,
that at least in one burner group existing burners with long flames and burners with short flames are alternately exposed to the mixture.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Feuerhöhe bzw. die Temperaturverteilung über die Höhe des Besatzes vorzugsweise durch Verstellen der Einschaltdauer gesteuert wird.Method according to one of claims 8 to 10,
characterized,
that the fire height or the temperature distribution over the height of the trimmings is preferably controlled by adjusting the duty cycle.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein regelbares Mischgefäß (12) zur Herstellung eines jedem Brenner bzw. jeder Brennergruppe zuführbaren nichtzündfähigen Gemisches aus Gas und Primärluft vorgesehen ist.Device for carrying out gas firing of a furnace in the ceramic industry, which has at least one burner or one burner group,
characterized by
that a controllable mixing vessel (12) is provided for producing a non-ignitable mixture of gas and primary air that can be supplied to each burner or each burner group.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß für jeden Brenner (7) bzw. jede Brennergruppe ein Mischgefäß (12) vorgesehen ist.Device according to claim 12,
characterized,
that a mixing vessel (12) is provided for each burner (7) or each burner group.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daS für alle Brenner (7) / Brennergruppen ein zentrales Mischgefäß (12) vorgesehen ist.Device according to claim 12,
characterized,
A central mixing vessel (12) is provided for all burners (7) / burner groups.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Gemisch impulsweise für jeden Brenner (7) bzw. Jede Brennergruppe einblasbar ist.Device according to one of claims 12 to 14,
characterized,
that the mixture can be blown in pulses for each burner (7) or each burner group.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Frequenz und die Länge der Einblasimpulse steuerbar sind.Device according to claim 15,
characterized,
that the frequency and the length of the injection pulses are controllable.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß für Brennergruppen mit unterschiedlichen Brennern (7) eine zyklische Brennerbeaufschlagung mit Gemischimpulsen vorgesehen ist.Device according to claim 15 or 16,
characterized,
that for burner groups with different burners (7) a cyclic burner application with mixture pulses is provided.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß für die jeweilige Steuerung der impulsweisen Einblasung wenigstens ein Stellorgan (5) vorgesehen ist.Device according to one of claims 15 to 17,
characterized,
that at least one actuator (5) is provided for the respective control of the pulsed injection.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß für die Steuerung der Länge, Form und/oder Temperatur der Flammen für jeden Brenner (7) bzw. jede Brennergruppe Stellorgane (5) vorgesehen sind.Device according to claim 16,
characterized,
that control elements (5) are provided for controlling the length, shape and / or temperature of the flames for each burner (7) or each burner group.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß jeder Brenner (7) ein vorwiegend aus keramischen Material bestehendes Einblasrohr (8) aufweist.Device according to one of claims 12 to 20,
characterized,
that each burner (7) has a blowing tube (8) consisting predominantly of ceramic material.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß für den eingeblasenen Gemischstrahl an jedem Brenner (7) eine einfache Einrichtung für die Verwirbelung und/oder Umlenkung vorgesehen ist.Device according to one of claims 12 to 19,
characterized,
that for the injected mixture jet on each burner (7) a simple device for swirling and / or deflection is provided.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT41192 | 1992-03-04 | ||
| AT411/92 | 1992-03-04 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0559144A2 true EP0559144A2 (en) | 1993-09-08 |
| EP0559144A3 EP0559144A3 (en) | 1993-12-22 |
| EP0559144B1 EP0559144B1 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
Family
ID=3489914
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93103297A Expired - Lifetime EP0559144B1 (en) | 1992-03-04 | 1993-03-02 | Method and device for firing by gas a furnace used in the ceramics industry |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0559144B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE147496T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59305014D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2096785T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0757307A2 (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 1997-02-05 | Flynn Controls B.V. | Arrangement for regulating the temperature in a furnace |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2629754A1 (en) * | 1976-07-02 | 1978-01-12 | Immanuel Jeschke | Gas burner for furnaces, esp. brick kilns - using conical annulus as mixing chamber for gas and air |
| EP0134907A1 (en) * | 1983-07-04 | 1985-03-27 | Wolfgang Dr.-Ing. Leisenberg | Device for the pulsating supply of a gaseous medium to a kiln or suchlike |
-
1993
- 1993-03-02 EP EP93103297A patent/EP0559144B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-02 AT AT93103297T patent/ATE147496T1/en active
- 1993-03-02 ES ES93103297T patent/ES2096785T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-02 DE DE59305014T patent/DE59305014D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2629754A1 (en) * | 1976-07-02 | 1978-01-12 | Immanuel Jeschke | Gas burner for furnaces, esp. brick kilns - using conical annulus as mixing chamber for gas and air |
| EP0134907A1 (en) * | 1983-07-04 | 1985-03-27 | Wolfgang Dr.-Ing. Leisenberg | Device for the pulsating supply of a gaseous medium to a kiln or suchlike |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0757307A2 (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 1997-02-05 | Flynn Controls B.V. | Arrangement for regulating the temperature in a furnace |
| EP0757307A3 (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 1997-04-23 | Flynn Controls B V | Arrangement for regulating the temperature in a furnace |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0559144A3 (en) | 1993-12-22 |
| EP0559144B1 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
| ES2096785T3 (en) | 1997-03-16 |
| DE59305014D1 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
| ATE147496T1 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
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