EP0557140B1 - Verfahren zum Aufbauen eines Faserverbundwerkstoffes mit Glasmatrix mittels Wickeln und Erwärmung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Aufbauen eines Faserverbundwerkstoffes mit Glasmatrix mittels Wickeln und Erwärmung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0557140B1
EP0557140B1 EP93400050A EP93400050A EP0557140B1 EP 0557140 B1 EP0557140 B1 EP 0557140B1 EP 93400050 A EP93400050 A EP 93400050A EP 93400050 A EP93400050 A EP 93400050A EP 0557140 B1 EP0557140 B1 EP 0557140B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
placing
mandrel
contact
wires
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93400050A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0557140A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Marc Donzac
Jean-Louis Darrieux
Georges Cahuzac
Jean Jamet
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Airbus Group SAS
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Airbus Group SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0557140A1 publication Critical patent/EP0557140A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/32—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/38—Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
    • B29C70/382—Automated fiber placement [AFP]
    • B29C70/384—Fiber placement heads, e.g. component parts, details or accessories
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
    • C03C14/002—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix the non-glass component being in the form of fibres, filaments, yarns, felts or woven material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/04—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam
    • B29C35/045—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam using gas or flames
    • B29C2035/047—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam using gas or flames other than air
    • B29C2035/048—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam using gas or flames other than air inert gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2214/00—Nature of the non-vitreous component
    • C03C2214/02—Fibres; Filaments; Yarns; Felts; Woven material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2214/00—Nature of the non-vitreous component
    • C03C2214/30—Methods of making the composites

Definitions

  • the invention lies in the field of techniques for developing high-temperature load-bearing structures, of a fiber-reinforced composite material with a vitreous matrix, and more specifically relates to a process which recreates locally by depositing it in contact, continuously and at hot, temperature, pressure and atmosphere conditions as achieved with known hot pressing techniques.
  • fiber-reinforced composite materials with a vitreous matrix are used in which the reinforcing fibers or threads used are, for example, SiC, C, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2, etc.
  • the vitreous matrices can consist of at least one oxide of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , B 2 O 3 type , or alkali or alkaline earth oxides, etc.
  • the sheets are cut into a particular model of the complex composite part to be produced, and they are stacked on preforms which are hot molded. Finally, the article formed is heated to decompose and remove the temporary binder before hot pressing the treated article to form the final composite product of high resistance, as described in FR-A 2 527 517.
  • the hot pressing of these materials can be ensured by at least one mold element made of a material resistant to high temperatures, which of course has mechanical resistance properties but also properties of anisotropic thermal conductivity so that the preferential heat transfer s 'performs in the pressing oven in the direction of the parts of the room furthest from the heating means of the oven.
  • FR-A 2 620 083 Also known from FR-A 2 620 083 is a process for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced glass composite in which glass powder is sprayed on the fibers by plasma to obtain a blank in which a glass matrix is linked to fibers.
  • this blank must also be subjected to hot pressing after this impregnation operation.
  • a main object of the invention therefore consists of a method of hot and cold contacting of fiber-reinforced composite material with a glass matrix by contact-laying on a mandrel of a plurality of layers of fiber-composite material oriented in several directions by locally recreating at the point of contact of the wires on the preceding layers, temperature conditions such that the impregnated wires are crushed on the glassy molten material, a process which consists in making cores of various shapes by depositing them on contact with a mandrel, then after removal of the mandrel, to make skins on the souls by depositing wires in contact to obtain hollow and dense parts of complex shapes.
  • Another main object of the invention consists of a device for implementing said removal process, using a removal head mounted on a tool forming part of a wire distributing machine and equipped with drive rollers and a wire depositing wheel, said head being movable in translation relative to the head-dispensing machine interface and biased against the mandrel by a spring, device according to which, on the support of the depositing wheel is mounted a plasma gun the outlet nozzle of which is oriented towards the base of the caster and the point of application of the wire on the mandrel 1.
  • the support is part of the removal head itself mounted on a slide 16.
  • the mandrel and the caster are coated with a material used as a release agent.
  • FIG. 1 shows a support mandrel 1, of suitable material of the carbon-based type, even refractory, a high-performance material coated with coloidal graphite used as a release agent, of simple shape since it is cylindrical, and which rotates on its axis 2 in the direction of arrow 3.
  • This figure illustrates the basic principle of the invention for the continuous deposition of wire for the production of a cylindrical part 4 comprising only circumferential fibers.
  • the prepreg wire 5 delivered by a spool 6 is applied to the mandrel by a depositing wheel 7 forming part of a depositing head 8.
  • the wheel is arranged on a metal support 9 which forms part of the depositing head 8 itself even mounted on a slide.
  • An adjustable spring 10 applies the roller to the mandrel 1 with a certain adjustable pressure.
  • a plasma gun 11 On the support 9 is also mounted a plasma gun 11, the outlet nozzle 12 of which is oriented in the direction of the base of the roller, that is to say in the direction of the point of application of the wire 5 on the mandrel.
  • the depositing wheel 7 is advantageously made of a material of the same kind as the mandrel to avoid sticking of the wire. Both can also be cooled using a fluid. The choice of material chosen depends on the temperature, pressure and atmosphere conditions required for the use of the composite material.
  • the plasma gun known per se, allows temperatures suitable for working with glass to be reached, for example in a range between 500 ° and 1500 ° C. In a manner also known, the gun is provided around the heating dar with several holes for the injection of neutral gas.
  • the removal head described above can be mounted on different types of machine.
  • the wire 5 delivered by the coil is driven under the roller 7 which crushes it at the place heated to the melting temperature of the glass by the gun.
  • the successive layers of wire are crushed and assembled together by the roller on the molten glass.
  • the strands thus deposited may be strands or strips of reinforcing threads impregnated with glass powder, held by an organic binder or reinforcing threads combined with glass fibers applied against each other or previously mixed, or alternatively pultruded rods formed reinforcing wire coated with glass, possibly with fillers, for example carbon, to increase the conductivity of the finished material.
  • the continuous removal illustrated in FIG. 1 makes it possible to obtain the cylindrical part 4.
  • FIG. 3 shows in more detail an assembly of a discontinuous contact removal tool. There are under the same references the various elements previously described.
  • the depositing head 8 is mounted on a slide 16 itself secured to a flange 17 for fixing to a machine.
  • the surface against which the spring 10 rests constitutes the interface between the depositing head 8 and a tool 18 which is part of the wire dispensing machine.
  • the tool in question serves as a support for a spool 19 supplying the wire 5, a spool which can rotate freely on the tool by means of bearings 20.
  • An adjustable brake 21 can act on the rotation of the spool.
  • the wire 5 emitted by the coil is guided by return pulleys 22 and passes through the tool through a central well to reach the removal head 8.
  • the wire spool instead of being mounted on the tool, is outside.
  • the dispensing head is movable in translation relative to the interface, but not in rotation. This allows the wire to be pressed onto the part by the spring 10, more or less bandaged according to the desired pressure.
  • a piece of complex shape such as that illustrated in FIG. 4. It is a curved square produced by depositing a first layer of contiguous wires parallel to the curve and then above, a second layer of contiguous wires 90 ° from the first, then a third layer inclined at + 45 °, a fourth at -45 °, then a fifth again at 0 ° and so on until the desired thickness and number of layers are obtained.
  • the first operation consists in moving the depositing head 8 with the carrying tool until the roller removal 7 comes into abutment against the part 4 ( Figure 5).
  • the part of wire 5 which protrudes from the caster and which is not pressed against the part, will be when the head returns when it deposits the next contiguous ply in contact.
  • the lowering of the tool is stopped and the head is applied to the part under the action of the spring 10.
  • the part 4 being driven in rotation, the depositing wheel 7 rolls on its surface. At the start of the removal of the wire, it is pushed by the drive rollers 13 over the few millimeters necessary to weld the wire on the layer below.
  • FIG. 6 shows that after depositing in contact with the wire 5, the cutting blade 15 comes into action to cut it and it is understood that the remaining part of the wire between the blade and the depositing wheel 7 will be pressed by this last, on the coin.
  • the removal head will be reassembled and then a new wire 5 will be injected if necessary between the drive rollers 13.
  • the removal head is ready for depositing on contact, for example a sheet joined to the previous one .
  • Hollow parts can also be produced with removable inserts as shown in FIG. 10.
  • an inner skin 35 is produced by depositing on contact with inserts 30 with an upward-pointing tip. Then we put in place another insert 36 with a point pointing downwards which is placed in the recess made by the first. The whole is covered with an upper skin 37, then on the other side with a lower skin 38 after having turned the part. Then we remove the inserts. If we want to make sandwich pieces, we use non-removable inserts that remain inside the finished piece.
  • the machine enabling the parts to be produced by depositing wire in hot contact is advantageously a machine as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the depositing head 8 with its plasma gun 11 is mounted on the wrist 31 of a robot arm 32 which can be oriented along six axes of movement, three axes of linear displacement X, Y and Z and three axes of rotary displacement A, B, C.
  • the part 4 in progress can rotate and move in translation on its axis of rotation. We can therefore deposit wire on contact over the entire surface of the part and in all directions possible.
  • the assembly is enclosed in an insulated enclosure 33 equipped with viewing windows 34. It is thus possible to work in a completely neutral atmosphere if necessary.
  • the cockpit and control is located outside.
  • the machine makes it possible to produce sheet metal parts in any field and especially in that of aeronautics when it is necessary to have composite parts of high performance at high temperatures.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Verfahren zum Aufbauen eines Faserverbundwerkstoffes mit Glasmatrix mittels Kontaktieren und Erwärmen, wobei auf einem Dorn (1) eine Vielzahl von Schichten des Faserverbundwerkstoffes aufgebracht sind, indem im Bereich des Kontaktpunktes der Fasern (5) mit den vorherigen Schichten lokal die Temperatur, der Druck und die Atmosphäre so eingestellt werden, daß die imprägnierten Fäden in das aufgeschmolzene Material eingedrückt werden können, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß Träger (25,25,28) unterschiedlicher Form durch Aufbringen auf den Dorn hergestellt werden, und daß anschließend nach dem Entfernen des Dorns die Außenschichten (23,29) auf dem Träger dadurch hergestellt werden, daß die Fäden (5) aufgebracht werden, um kompakte Körper und Hohlkörper komplexer Formen zu erhalten.
  2. Verfahren gemäß Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Außenschichten (35, 37, 38) durch Aufbringen von Fäden auf bewegliche Einsatzteile (30, 36) erzielt werden, um Hohlkörper zu erhalten.
  3. Verfahren gemäß Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Außenschichten durch Aufbringen von Fäden auf nichtbewegliche Einsatzteile gebildet werden, um Sandwichkörper zu erhalten.
  4. Vorrichtung für die Durchfuhrung des Verfahrens nach Patentanspruch 1, mit einem Kopf, der auf einem Gerät angebracht ist, das ein Bestandteil einer Einrichtung ist, die Fäden verteilt und mit Antriebsrollen und einer Rolle zum Aufbringen des Fadens ausgestattet ist, wobei dieser Kopf in bezug auf die Schnittstelle Kopf-/Verteilungseinrichtung translatorisch beweglich ist und durch eine Feder gegen den Dorn gedrückt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf dem Trägerelement (9) der Aufbringrolle (7) eine Plasmapistole (11) angebracht ist, deren Austrittsdüse (12) in Richtung der Basis der Rolle und des Auflagepunktes (5) des Fadens auf dem Dorn (1) ausgerichtet ist.
  5. Vorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Trägerelement (9) Bestandteil des Kopfes (8) ist, der wiederum auf einer Laufschiene (16) angebracht ist.
  6. Vorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dorn (1) und die Rolle (7) mit einem als Abstreifmittel verwendeten Material überzogen sind.
  7. Vorrichtung gemäß den Patentansprüchen 4 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dorn (1) und die Rolle (7) aus einem Material gleicher Art bestehen, die die Verklebung der Fäden vermeiden.
  8. Vorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Trägerelement (9) mit zwei motorisch angetriebenen Rollen (13) für den Transport von Fäden (5) ausgestattet ist, die von einer Spule (6) unter die Rolle (7) mittels eines Fadenführungsrohrs (14) geführt werden.
EP93400050A 1992-01-14 1993-01-13 Verfahren zum Aufbauen eines Faserverbundwerkstoffes mit Glasmatrix mittels Wickeln und Erwärmung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0557140B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9200288A FR2686080B1 (fr) 1992-01-14 1992-01-14 Procede de depose au contact a chaud de materiau composite fibre a matrice vitreuse et dispositif pour la mise en óoeuvre du procede.
FR9200288 1992-01-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0557140A1 EP0557140A1 (de) 1993-08-25
EP0557140B1 true EP0557140B1 (de) 1997-11-19

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EP93400050A Expired - Lifetime EP0557140B1 (de) 1992-01-14 1993-01-13 Verfahren zum Aufbauen eines Faserverbundwerkstoffes mit Glasmatrix mittels Wickeln und Erwärmung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

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EP (1) EP0557140B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69315238T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2686080B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

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US20220063215A1 (en) * 2019-05-16 2022-03-03 Akryvia Torch and plasma heating method for placing composite rovings

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FR2714047B1 (fr) * 1993-12-21 1996-03-15 Aerospatiale Procédé de fabrication de matériaux composites à matrice vitreuse ou virtrocéramique renforcée de fibres et dispositifs pour sa mise en Óoeuvre.
EP1211052A1 (de) * 2000-10-26 2002-06-05 Abb Research Ltd. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bandagieren von Körpern mit faserverstärkten Kunststoffbändern
FR2882681B1 (fr) 2005-03-03 2009-11-20 Coriolis Composites Tete d'application de fibres et machine correspondante
FR2912680B1 (fr) 2007-02-21 2009-04-24 Coriolis Composites Sa Procede et dispositif de fabrication de pieces en materiau composite, en particulier de troncons de fuselage d'avion
FR2912953B1 (fr) 2007-02-28 2009-04-17 Coriolis Composites Sa Machine d'application de fibres avec tubes flexibles d'acheminement de fibres
FR2913365B1 (fr) 2007-03-06 2013-07-26 Coriolis Composites Attn Olivier Bouroullec Tete d'application de fibres avec systemes de coupe de fibres particuliers
DE102008008386A1 (de) 2008-02-09 2009-08-13 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines FVW-Bauteils
FR2943943A1 (fr) 2009-04-02 2010-10-08 Coriolis Composites Procede et machine pour l'application d'une bande de fibres sur des surfaces convexes et/ou avec aretes
FR2948058B1 (fr) 2009-07-17 2011-07-22 Coriolis Composites Machine d'application de fibres comprenant un rouleau de compactage souple avec systeme de regulation thermique
WO2014005838A1 (de) * 2012-07-04 2014-01-09 Voith Patent Gmbh Augenlegevorrichtung
DE102015002775A1 (de) * 2015-03-06 2016-09-08 Brötje-Automation GmbH System zur Fertigung von Faser-Verbundbauteilen
DE102015002777A1 (de) * 2015-03-06 2016-09-08 Broetje-Automation Gmbh Faserlegemaschine
FR3034338B1 (fr) 2015-04-01 2017-04-21 Coriolis Composites Tete d'application de fibres avec rouleau d'application particulier
FR3043010B1 (fr) 2015-10-28 2017-10-27 Coriolis Composites Machine d'application de fibres avec systemes de coupe particuliers
FR3048373B1 (fr) 2016-03-07 2018-05-18 Coriolis Group Procede de realisation de preformes avec application d'un liant sur fibre seche et machine correspondante
FR3056438B1 (fr) 2016-09-27 2019-11-01 Coriolis Group Procede de realisation de pieces en materiau composite par impregnation d'une preforme particuliere.
EP4032692A1 (de) * 2021-01-20 2022-07-27 The Boeing Company Verfahren und vorrichtung zum aufbringen eines verbundwerkstoffs auf ein substrat

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220063215A1 (en) * 2019-05-16 2022-03-03 Akryvia Torch and plasma heating method for placing composite rovings
US11772335B2 (en) * 2019-05-16 2023-10-03 Akryvia Torch and plasma heating method for placing composite rovings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69315238T2 (de) 1998-06-25
FR2686080B1 (fr) 1994-11-10
EP0557140A1 (de) 1993-08-25
DE69315238D1 (de) 1998-01-02
FR2686080A1 (fr) 1993-07-16

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