EP0556941B1 - Antenne und Mikrowellenumsetzer, in einer Schaltungspackung integriert - Google Patents

Antenne und Mikrowellenumsetzer, in einer Schaltungspackung integriert Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0556941B1
EP0556941B1 EP93250039A EP93250039A EP0556941B1 EP 0556941 B1 EP0556941 B1 EP 0556941B1 EP 93250039 A EP93250039 A EP 93250039A EP 93250039 A EP93250039 A EP 93250039A EP 0556941 B1 EP0556941 B1 EP 0556941B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
converter
circuit
circuit board
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93250039A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0556941A1 (de
Inventor
Donald Frank Shea
Krishna Kumar Agarwal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raytheon Co
Original Assignee
E Systems Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by E Systems Inc filed Critical E Systems Inc
Publication of EP0556941A1 publication Critical patent/EP0556941A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0556941B1 publication Critical patent/EP0556941B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/06—Waveguide mouths
    • H01Q13/065—Waveguide mouths provided with a flange or a choke
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/247—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set with frequency mixer, e.g. for direct satellite reception or Doppler radar
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/45—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device
    • H01Q5/47—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device with a coaxial arrangement of the feeds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the packaging of antennas and associated converter circuits and, in particular, to an integrated antenna-converter system implemented in a unitary package by fabricating the converter circuits using microwave integrated circuit and monolithic microwave integrated circuit technologies on a plurality of substrates mounted directly to the back of the antenna.
  • an antenna and the various components of its associated converter circuitry were each designed as separate packages.
  • the distinct, separate packages of the antenna-converter system were then interconnected with each other to form an assembled antenna-converter system through the use of cables and connectors.
  • This conventional assembly method has proven to provide unsatisfactory performance for several reasons.
  • the use of cables and connectors for interconnecting the separate antenna and converter packages often results in degraded system performance due to signal losses in the cables and decreased system reliability.
  • the use of separate packages for the antenna and various converter circuits increases the required size and overall weight of the antenna-converter system.
  • US-A-4,411,022 discloses an integrated circuit mixer while EP-A-0 377 155 discloses an antenna incorporating a plurality of concentric waveguide cavities.
  • the invention relates to an integrated antenna-converter, comprising:
  • FIGURE 1 wherein there is shown an exploded schematic view of the integrated antenna-converter in a unitary package 100 of the present invention.
  • the unitary package 100 is comprised generally of an antenna section 102 integrated with, and mounted to a converter section 104 in a manner to be described.
  • the antenna section 102 contains the hardware required for receiving and generating electromagnetic waves carrying electromagnetic signals in one or more predetermined frequency ranges.
  • the converter section 104 contains the circuitry required for implementing the radio frequency, intermediate frequency, polarization switch matrix and power-control circuits associated with receiving, generating and processing electromagnetic signals received and output by the antenna section 102 in the form of propagating electromagnetic waves.
  • the antenna section 102 is preferably a multi-cavity coaxial waveguide antenna 106 having a plurality of cavities 108 each sized for propagating electromagnetic waves in a different range of frequencies.
  • the cavities 108 are defined by a plurality of conductive cylinders 110, each having an open end 112 and a closed end 114 (see also FIGURE 4). Multiple, sized cavities 108 form an antenna 106 capable of operation over multiple frequency ranges.
  • the conductive cylinders 110 are concentrically positioned with respect to each other to share a common axis 116.
  • Each closed end 114 of a conductive cylinder 110 for the coaxial waveguide antenna 106 is terminated by a shared conductive plate and a plurality of probes (shown in FIGURES 3 and 4).
  • the probes generate and receive, in the cavities 108, electromagnetic signals in the form of electromagnetic waves propagating in the frequency range dictated by the size of the cavity.
  • the antenna section 102 may include only a single cavity 108 for propagating electromagnetic signals in a single frequency range, or have a different waveguide shape (for example, multi-cavity rectangular), if desired.
  • MMIC monolithic microwave integrated circuit
  • MIC/MMIC fabrication allows for integration of all necessary circuits of a radio frequency feed network for the converter section 104 on a single small area feed network disk 120.
  • Polarization switch matrix control circuits, intermediate frequency converters, and power and control circuits for the converter section 104 are similarly capable of integration on a polarization switch matrix disk 122, intermediate frequency disk 124 and power and control circuit disk 126, respectively.
  • Each MMIC implemented disk 120-126 has a center 128 that is aligned with the axis 116 for the plurality of concentric cylinders 110 comprising the coaxial cavity antenna 106.
  • the concentric cylinders 110 and disks 118 of the antenna section 102 and converter section 104 as shown in FIGURE 1 are assembled along axis 116 with the disks of the converter section 104 sandwiched together and mounted directly to, and flat against the back of the antenna section 102 to fabricate the integrated antenna-converter in a unitary package 100 shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the circular area provided for each disk substrate 118 is chosen such that the perimeter of the substrate does not extend outside an envelope, shown generally by broken lines 130, for the antenna section 102.
  • the envelope 130 is an imaginary volume extending in a rearward direction from the back of the antenna.
  • the size and shape of the envelope 130 is dictated by the size and shape of the outer surface of the antenna section 102.
  • the envelope 130 is a cylindrical volume defined by the outer surface of the outermost concentric cylinder 110. It is within this cylindrical volume that the sandwiched disk substrates 118 for the converter circuit section 104 must fit to form the unitary package.
  • a connector 132 is provided to feed power and control signals to the converter circuit disks 120-126 to enable operation of the unitary antenna-converter package 100.
  • FIGURE 4 a side cross-sectional view of the integrated antenna-converter in a unitary package 100 of the present invention.
  • the antenna section 102 of the package 100 is a coaxial waveguide antenna 106 comprised of a plurality of concentric conductive cylinders 110, each cylinder having an open end 112 and a closed end 114.
  • the termination for the closed end 114 of the assembled concentric cylinders 110 is a conductive plate 136.
  • the size of each cavity 108 of the antenna 106 is selectively chosen to propagate electromagnetic waves in a predetermined range of frequencies.
  • the sizes of the cavities are selected such that cavity 108(1) operates over the 2-3.5 GHz range, cavity 108(2) over the 3.5-6 GHz range, cavity 108(3) over the 6-10 GHz range and cavity 108(4) over the 10-18 GHz range.
  • the embodiment shown is thus capable of operation over a broad range of frequencies from two to eighteen gigahertz.
  • each cavity 108 receives and radiate electromagnetic waves only in the frequency range dictated by the size of the cavity.
  • the probes associated with each cavity 108(1)-108(4) are connected to a separate feed network disk 120(1)-120(4), respectively.
  • Each feed network disk 120 contains circuits designed to operate over the frequency range for the cavity 108 electrically coupled thereto.
  • each feed network disk 120 includes MMIC implemented modulation and demodulation circuitry (including a radio frequency converter and several sub-bands of a converter).
  • the requisite radio frequency converter circuits for all operating frequencies of the antenna section 102 may be MMIC implemented on a single disk 120, as shown in FIGURES 1 and 2, if the area needed for the circuits results in a disk size that fits within the volume of the antenna envelope 130 (see FIGURE 1) when mounted to the back of the antenna.
  • each antenna cavity 108 and associated feed network disk 120 is made using a short piece of coaxial line 138 with the inner and outer coaxial conductors at one end connected to the probe 134 and plate 136, respectively.
  • the inner and outer conductors are connected to a microstrip line on the feed network disk 120 using a right angle coax-to-microstrip transition (generally indicated at 140).
  • a right angle coax-to-microstrip transition generally indicated at 140.
  • similar interconnect methods may be used.
  • the converter section 104 further includes polarization switch matrix circuits, intermediate frequency converter circuits and power and control circuits implemented on one or more disks 142 using MIC/MMIC technology.
  • connections between the feed network disks 120 and the remaining converter disk(s) 142 are made using short pieces of coaxial line 138 with the ends of the line connected to the microstrip lines of each disk using right angle coax-to-microstrip transitions 140. Connections between the various disks utilized in the converter section 104 and external power supply, command and control, and processing circuits may be made via a connector 132 and/or a coaxial line 138 as desired or needed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Integrierter Antennenumsetzer, mit:
    einem Antennenabschnitt (102), der eine Einrichtung zum Empfangen und Ausstrahlen von elektromagnetischen Signalen in der Form von elektromagnetischen Wellen enthält;
    einem Umsetzerschaltkreisabschnitt (104), der eine Einrichtung zum Verarbeiten von elektromagnetischen Signalen enthält, wobei der Umsetzerschaltkreisabschnitt (104) auf zumindest einer Leiterplatte (120-126) implementiert ist, die einzeln, mechanisch und elektrisch mit der Einrichtung zum Empfangen und Ausstrahlen von elektromagnetischen Signalen verbunden ist, wobei die zumindest eine Leiterplatte (120-126) für den Umsetzerschaltkreisabschnitt (104) direkt an dem Antennenabschnitt (102) angebracht ist; und
    einer Polarisationsmatrixschaltereinrichtung, die eine Leiterplatte (122) enthält, die elektrisch mit einer Leiterplatte (120) einer Speisungsnetzwerkschaltkreiseinrichtung für den Umsetzerschaltkreisabschnitt (104) verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leiterplatte (122) für die Polarisationsmatrixschaltereinrichtung an zumindest einer Leiterplatte (120-126) für den Umsetzerschaltkreisabschnitt (104) und an dem Antennenabschnitt (106) angebracht ist, um einen integrierten Antennenumsetzer in einer Schaltungspackung (100) zu bilden.
  2. Integrierter Antennenumsetzer nach Anspruch 1, außerdem mit:
       einer Zwischenfrequenzschaltkreiseinrichtung, die eine Leiterplatte (124) enthält, die elektrisch mit der Leiterplatte (122) für die Polarisationsmatrixschaltereinrichtung verbunden ist, wobei die Leiterplatte (124) für die Zwischenfrequenzschaltkreiseinrichtung an den Leiterplatten (122, 120) für die Polarisationsmatrixschaltereinrichtung und die Speisungsnetzwerkschaltkreiseinrichtung und an der Antenne (106) angebracht ist, um einen integrierten Antennenumsetzer in einer Schaltungspackung (100) zu bilden.
  3. Integrierter Antennenumsetzer nach Anspruch 2, außerdem mit:
       einer Versorgungs- und Steuerschaltkreiseinrichtung, die eine Leiterplatte (126) enthält, die elektrisch mit der Leiterplatte (124) für die Zwischenfrequenzschaltkreiseinrichtung verbunden ist, wobei die Leiterplatte (126) für die Versorgungs- und Steuerschaltkreiseinrichtung an den Leiterplatten (124, 122, 120) für die Zwischenfrequenzschaltkreiseinrichtung, die Polarisationsmatrixschaltereinrichtung und die Speisungsnetzwerkschaltkreiseinrichtung und an der Antenne (106) angebracht ist, um einen integrierten Antennenumsetzer in einer Schaltungspackung (100) zu bilden.
  4. Integrierter Antennenumsetzer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Antenne (106) eine Hohlleiterantenne mit einer Anzahl von Hohlleiterhohlräumen (108) aufweist, die jeweils für sich ausbreitende elektromagnetische Signale in einem vorbestimmten Frequenzbereich bemessen sind.
  5. Integrierter Antennenumsetzer nach Anspruch 4, bei dem die Hohlleiterantenne außerdem eine Anzahl von konzentrischen, leitfähigen, hohlen Zylindern (110) aufweist, die an einem Ende durch eine leitfähige Platte (136) geschlossen sind, wobei jeder Zylinder (110) einen vorbestimmten Durchmesser hat, wodurch eine Anzahl von Hohlräumen (108) bestimmt ist, die für sich ausbreitende elektromagnetische Wellen in den vorbestimmten Frequenzbereichen bemessen sind.
  6. Integrierter Antennenumsetzer nach Anspruch 5, bei dem die Einrichtung zum Empfangen und Ausstrahlen von elektromagnetischen Signalen aufweist:
       eine Anzahl von Sonden (134) für elektrische Felder, die in jedem Hohlraum (108) der Hohlleiterantenne (106) an dem Ende angeordnet sind, das durch die leitfähige Platte (136) geschlossen ist.
  7. Integrierter Antennenumsetzer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem durch die Größe und Form der Antenne (106) ein umschlossenes Antennenvolumen (130) bestimmt ist, das sich von der Antenne (106) weg erstreckt, und bei dem jede Leiterplatte (120-126) einen Umfang hat, so daß sie bei Anbringung an der Antenne (106) in das bestimmte umschlossene Antennenvolumen (130) paßt.
  8. Integrierter Antennenumsetzer nach Anspruch 1, bei dem jede Leiterplatte (120-126) der Umsetzerschaltkreiseinrichtung (104) einen monolithischen integrierten Mikrowellenschaltkreis enthält, wobei jede elektromagnetische Sonde (134) mit der Umsetzerschaltkreiseinrichtung (104) auf einer Leiterplatte (122-126) mit Hilfe einer koaxialen Leitung (138) verbunden ist, die sich zwischen dem Hohlraum (108) und der Leiterplatte (120-126) erstreckt.
EP93250039A 1992-02-14 1993-02-02 Antenne und Mikrowellenumsetzer, in einer Schaltungspackung integriert Expired - Lifetime EP0556941B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/835,490 US5276457A (en) 1992-02-14 1992-02-14 Integrated antenna-converter system in a unitary package
US835490 1992-02-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0556941A1 EP0556941A1 (de) 1993-08-25
EP0556941B1 true EP0556941B1 (de) 1997-09-03

Family

ID=25269629

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93250039A Expired - Lifetime EP0556941B1 (de) 1992-02-14 1993-02-02 Antenne und Mikrowellenumsetzer, in einer Schaltungspackung integriert

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5276457A (de)
EP (1) EP0556941B1 (de)
KR (1) KR100272711B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69313477T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0556941T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2105092T3 (de)
GR (1) GR3024826T3 (de)
IL (1) IL104702A (de)
NO (1) NO303306B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9525443B1 (en) 2015-10-07 2016-12-20 Harris Corporation RF communications device with conductive trace and related switching circuits and methods

Families Citing this family (13)

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FR2700503B1 (fr) * 1993-01-21 1995-03-03 Saint Gobain Vitrage Int Procédé de fabrication d'un vitrage antenne et vitrage antenne.
GB2325347B (en) * 1997-05-14 2002-07-17 Internat Mobile Satellite Orga Satellite communications apparatus and method
US5923289A (en) * 1997-07-28 1999-07-13 Motorola, Inc. Modular array and phased array antenna system
US5933121A (en) 1998-04-07 1999-08-03 Harris Corporation Antenna array for sensing signals on conductors
JP4428864B2 (ja) * 1998-10-20 2010-03-10 レイセオン カンパニー 同軸キャビティアンテナ
US6295035B1 (en) * 1998-11-30 2001-09-25 Raytheon Company Circular direction finding antenna
DE29900379U1 (de) * 1999-01-12 2000-05-25 Attisat S A Diplexer für HF-Signale
IL173941A0 (en) 2006-02-26 2007-03-08 Haim Goldberger Monolithic modules for high frequecney applications
US8237616B2 (en) * 2008-12-19 2012-08-07 Polytechnic Institute Of New York University Free-space waveguides, including an array of capacitively loaded conducting ring elements, for guiding a signal through free space
IL201812A (en) * 2009-10-29 2015-01-29 Elta Systems Ltd Wave-guided antenna
US9325074B2 (en) 2011-11-23 2016-04-26 Raytheon Company Coaxial waveguide antenna
US10826179B2 (en) 2018-03-19 2020-11-03 Laurice J. West Short dual-driven groundless antennas
FR3126554A1 (fr) * 2021-09-02 2023-03-03 Arianegroup Sas Antenne multi-bandes

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9525443B1 (en) 2015-10-07 2016-12-20 Harris Corporation RF communications device with conductive trace and related switching circuits and methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5276457A (en) 1994-01-04
IL104702A0 (en) 1993-08-18
NO930474D0 (no) 1993-02-11
ES2105092T3 (es) 1997-10-16
KR930018775A (ko) 1993-09-22
DE69313477D1 (de) 1997-10-09
DE69313477T2 (de) 1998-01-08
NO303306B1 (no) 1998-06-22
NO930474L (no) 1993-08-16
DK0556941T3 (da) 1998-04-20
IL104702A (en) 1997-08-14
KR100272711B1 (ko) 2000-11-15
EP0556941A1 (de) 1993-08-25
GR3024826T3 (en) 1998-01-30

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