Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
  • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
  • C11D3/38654—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase containing oxidase or reductase
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0021—Dye-stain or dye-transfer inhibiting compositions

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a composition and a process for inhibiting dye transfer between fabrics during washing.
• Suspended or solubilized dyes can to some degree be oxidized in solution by employing known bleaching agents.
• GB 2 101 167 describes a stable liquid bleaching composition containing a hydrogen peroxide precursor which is activated to yield hydrogen peroxide on dilution.
• U.S. Patent 4,077,768 describes a process for inhibiting dye transfer by the use of an oxidizing bleaching agent together with a catalytic compound such as iron porphins.
• Copending EP Patent Application 91202655.6 filed October 9, 1991, relates to dye transfer inhibiting compositions comprising an enzymatic system capable of generating hydrogen peroxide and porphin catalysts.
• the detergent enzymes such as protease, lipase, amylase, cellulase formulated with said dye transfer inhibiting composition have to perform their enzymatic activity in an oxidative environment, with a consequent loss of activity, especially in the absence of any bleeding dye.
• an enzymatic dye transfer inhibiting composition is provided which is fully compatible with other enzymes and yet exhibits optimum dye transfer inhibiting benefits.
• a process is also provided for laundering operations involving colored fabrics.
• the present invention relates to inhibiting dye transfer compositions comprising :
• the present invention provides a dye transfer inhibiting composition comprising :
• the oxidizing agent, hydrogen peroxide is generated in situ by using an enzymatic hydrogen peroxide generation system.
• the use of an enzymatic hydrogen peroxide generating system allows the continuous generation of low levels of hydrogen peroxide and provides a practical way of controlling a low steady-state level of hydrogen peroxide. Maximum effectiveness occurs when the component levels are such that the hydrogen peroxide is replenished at a rate similar to its removal due to the oxidation of dyes in the wash water.
• the enzyme used in the present invention is an oxidase.
• the oxidase is present by 0.1 - 20000 units, preferably 0.5 to 5000 units per gram of the composition. One unit is the amount of enzyme needed to convert 1 ⁇ mole of substrate per minute.
• Suitable oxidases are urate oxidase, galactose oxidase, alcohol oxidases, amine oxidases, amino acid oxidases, cholesterol oxidase and glucose oxidase, malate oxidase, glycollate oxidase, hexose oxidase, aryl alcohol oxidase, L-gulonolactose oxidase, pyranose oxidase, L-sorbose oxidase, pyridoxine 4-oxidase, 2-2-hydroxyacid oxidase, choline oxidase, ecdysone oxidase.
• the preferred enzymatic systems are alcohol and aldehyde oxidases, glucose oxidase.
• the more preferred systems for granular detergent application would have solid alcohols, e.g. glucose whose oxidation is catalysed by glucose oxidase to glucoronic acid with the formation of hydrogen peroxide.
• solid alcohols e.g. glucose whose oxidation is catalysed by glucose oxidase to glucoronic acid with the formation of hydrogen peroxide.
• liquid alcohols which could for example, also act as solvents.
• An example is ethanol/ethanol oxidase.
• the quantity of oxidase to be employed in compositions according to the invention should be at least sufficient to provide in the wash a constant generation of 0.005 to 10 ppm AvO per minute in the wash process.
• glucose oxidase this can be achieved at room temperature and at pH 6 to 11, preferentially 7.5 to 10.5 with 1-20000 U/l glucose oxidase, 0.005 to 0.5 % glucose under constant aeration in the wahing process.
• the preferred usage range of the catalyst in the wash is 10 ⁇ 8 molar to 10 ⁇ 3 molar, more preferred 10 ⁇ 6 - 10 ⁇ 4 molar.
• the essential metallo porphin structure may be visualized as indicated in Formula I in the accompanying drawings.
• Formula I the atom positions of the porphin structure are numbered conventionally and the double bonds are put in conventionally. In other formula, the double bonds have been omitted in the drawings, but are actually present as in I.
• Preferred metallo porphin structures are those substituted at one or more of the 5, 10, 15 and 20 carbon positions of Formula I (Meso positions), with a phenyl or pyridyl substituent selected from the group consisting of wherein n and m may be 0 or 1; A may be sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate or carboxylate groups; and B is C1-C10 alkyl, polyethoxy alkyl or hydroxy alkyl.
• Preferred molecules are those in which the substituents on the phenyl or pyridyl groups are selected from the group consisting of -CH3, -C2H5, -CH2CH2CH2SO3-, -CH2--, and -CH2CH(OH)CH2SO3-, - SO3
• a particularly preferred metallo phorphin is one in which the molecule is substituted at the 5, 10 15, and 20 carbon positions with the substituent This preferred compound is known as metallo tetrasulfonated tetraphenylporphin.
• the symbol X2 of Formula I represents an anion, preferably OH ⁇ or Cl ⁇ .
• the compound of Formula I may be substituted at one or more of the remaining carbon positions with C1-C10 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or oxyalkyl groups.
• Porphin derivatives also include chlorophyls, chlorines, i.e. isobacterio chlorines and bacteriochlorines.
• Metallo porphyrin and water-soluble or water-dispersable derivatives thereof have a structure given in formula II.
• X can be alkyl, alkyl carboxy, alkyl hydroxyl, vinyl, alkenyl, alkyl sulfate, alkylsulfonate, sulfate, sulfonate, aryl.
• the symbol X2 of Formula II represents an anion, preferably OH ⁇ or Cl ⁇ .
• the symbol X i can be alkyl, alkylcarboxy, alkylhydroxyl, vinyl, alkenyl, alkylsulfate, alkylsulfonate, sulfate, sulfonate.
• Metallo phthalocyanine and derivatives have the structure indicated in Formula III, wherein the atom positions of the phthalocyanine structure are numbered conventionally.
• the anionic groups in the above structures contain cations selected from the group consisting of sodium and potassium cations or other non-interfering cations which leave the structures water-soluble.
• Preferred phthalocyanine derivatives are metallo phthalocyanine trisulfonate and metallo phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate.
• Another form of substitution possible for the present invention is substitution of the central metal by Fe, Mn, Co, Rh, Cr, Ru, Mo or other transition metals.
• the choice of the substituent groups can be used to control the solubility of the catalyst in water or in detergent solutions. Yet again, especially where it is desired to avoid attacking dyes attached to solid surfaces, the substituents can control the affinity of the catalyst compound for the surface.
• strongly negatively charged substituted compounds for instance the tetrasulfonated porphin, may be repelled by negatively charged stains or stained surfaces and are therefore most likely not to cause attack on fixed dyes, whereas the cationic or zwitterionic compounds may be attracted to, or at least not repelled by such stained surfaces.
• enzyme oxidation scavengers any chemical compound which, in the presence of the enzymatic dye transfer inhibiting system, is more readily oxidized than the enzyme but which is less readily oxidized than the dye.bleeding from the fabrics.
• the enzyme oxidation scavengers of the present invention meet the following criteria : First, the residual activity of the enzyme in the presence of the enzyme oxidation scavenger formulated with the dye transfer inhibiting composition of the present invention should be at least 60%, preferably more than 75% after 10 minutes of stirring at 20°C.
• the dye oxidation in the presence of the enzyme oxidation scavenger should equal at least 70%, preferably more than 90% of the dye oxidation in the abscence of the scavenger, after 30 minutes of stirring at 20°C.
• the amount of enzyme oxidation scavenger to be used in the present invention is dependent on the specific scavenger chosen and should be such that the above criteria has been met.
• a dye transfer inhibiting composition is provided which inhibits dye transfer while not adversely affecting the activity of the enzymes formulated therewith.
• Preferred enzyme oxidation scavengers suitable for the present invention are amines and preferably tertiary amines having the formula wherein R1, R2, R3 are either C1-C18 alkyl groups, aryl groups, alkyl alcohols or aromatic compounds ; or wherein R1,R2,R3 can be part of an aliphatic or aromatic ring structure containing nitrogen.
• Other amines suitable for use as enzyme oxidation scavengers in the present invention are alkoxylated polyamines.
• Such materials can be conveniently represented as molecules of the empirical structures with repeating units : where R'1, R'2, are either C1-C18 alkyl groups, aryl groups, alkoxy or alkylalcohols, n>1 and X is an alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl or aryl,alkoxy.
• R'1, R'2 are either C1-C18 alkyl groups, aryl groups, alkoxy or alkylalcohols, n>1 and X is an alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl or aryl,alkoxy.
• the level of the enzyme oxidation scavenger in the detergent composition is preferably from 0.0005 to 10%, more preferred from 0.001 to 7%, most preferred from 0.005 to 5%.
• the present compositions are conveniently used as additives to detergent compositions for the main wash cycle.
• the present invention also encompasses dye transfer inhibiting compositions which will comprise detergent ingredients and thus serve as detergent compositions.
• the enzymes that can be formulated with present compositions are enzymes which can be active in the removal of soils or stains such as protease, lipase, amylase, carboxylase, peroxidases,cellulase or mixtures thereof.
• a wide range of surfactants can be used in the detergent compositions.
• anionic surfactants are particularly suitable herein, especially mixtures of sulphonate and sulphate surfactants in a weight ratio of from 5:1 to 1:2, preferably from 3:1 to 2:3, more preferably from 3:1 to 1:1.
• Preferred sulphonates include alkyl benzene sulphonates having from 9 to 15, especially 11 to 13 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, and alpha-sulphonated methyl fatty acid esters in which the fatty acid is derived from a C12-C18 fatty source preferably from a C16-C18 fatty source.
• the cation is an alkali metal, preferably sodium.
• Preferred sulphate surfactants are alkyl sulphates having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, optionally in admixture with ethoxy sulphates having from 10 to 20, preferably 10 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and an average degree of ethoxylation of 1 to 6.
• alkyl sulphates herein are tallow alkyl sulphate, coconut alkyl sulphate, and C14 ⁇ 15 alkyl sulphates.
• the cation in each instance is again an alkali metal cation, preferably sodium.
• One class of nonionic surfactants useful in the present invention are condensates of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic moiety to provide a surfactant having an average hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) in the range from 8 to 17, preferably from 9.5 to 13.5, more preferably from 10 to 12.5.
• HLB hydrophilic-lipophilic balance
• the hydrophobic (lipophilic) moiety may be aliphatic or aromatic in nature and the length of the polyoxyethylene group which is condensed with any particular hydrophobic group can be readily adjusted to yield a water-soluble compound having the desired degree of balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic elements.
• Especially preferred nonionic surfactants of this type are the C9-C15 primary alcohol ethoxylates containing 3-8 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, particularly the C14-C15 primary alcohols containing 6-8 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol and the C12-C14 primary alcohols containing 3-5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
• Nonionic surfactants comprises alkyl polyglucoside compounds of general formula RO (C n H 2n O) t Z x wherein Z is a moiety derived from glucose; R is a saturated hydrophobic alkyl group that contains from 12 to 18 carbon atoms; t is from 0 to 10 and n is 2 or 3; x is from 1.3 to 4, the compounds including less than 10% unreacted fatty alcohol and less than 50% short chain alkyl polyglucosides.
• Compounds of this type and their use in detergent are disclosed in EP-B 0 070 077, 0 075 996 and 0 094 118.
• nonionic surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants of the formula wherein R1 is H, or R1 is C1 ⁇ 4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl or a mixture thereof, R2 is C5 ⁇ 31 hydrocarbyl, and Z is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative thereof.
• R1 is methyl
• R2 is a straight C11 ⁇ 15 alkyl or alkenyl chain such as coconut alkyl or mixtures thereof
• Z is derived from a reducing sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, in a reductive amination reaction.
• the compositions according to the present invention may further comprise a builder system.
• Any conventional builder system is suitable for use herein including aluminosilicate materials, silicates, polycarboxylates and fatty acids, materials such as ethylenediamine tetraacetate, metal ion sequestrants such as aminopolyphosphonates, particularly ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid and diethylene triamine pentamethylenephosphonic acid.
• phosphate builders can also be used herein. Suitable builders can be an inorganic ion exchange material, commonly an inorganic hydrated aluminosilicate material, more particularly a hydrated synthetic zeolite such as hydrated zeolite A, X, B or HS.
• SKS-6 is a crystalline layered silicate consisting of sodium silicate (Na2Si2O5).
• Suitable polycarboxylates builders for use herein include citric acid, preferably in the form of a water-soluble salt, derivatives of succinic acid of the formula R-CH(COOH)CH2(COOH) wherein R is C10-20 alkyl or alkenyl, preferably C12-16, or wherein R can be substituted with hydroxyl, sulfo sulfoxyl or sulfone substituents.
• lauryl succinate myristyl succinate, palmityl succinate2-dodecenylsuccinate, 2-tetradecenyl succinate.
• Succinate builders are preferably used in the form of their water-soluble salts, including sodium, potassium, ammonium and alkanolammonium salts.
• suitable polycarboxylates are oxodisuccinates and mixtures of tartrate monosuccinic and tartrate disuccinic acid such as described in US 4,663,071.
• suitable fatty acid builders for use herein are saturated or unsaturated C10-18 fatty acids, as well as the corresponding soaps. Preferred saturated species have from 12 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.
• the preferred unsaturated fatty acid is oleic acid.
• Another preferred builder system for liquid compositions is based on dodecenyl succinic acid.
• Preferred builder systems for use in granular compositions include a mixture of a water-insoluble aluminosilicate builder such as zeolite A, and a watersoluble carboxylate chelating agent such as citric acid.
• Other builder materials that can form part of the builder system for use in granular compositions for the purposes of this invention include inorganic materials such as alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, silicates, and organic materials such as the organic phosphonates, amino polyalkylene phosphonates and amino polycarboxylates.
• Suitable water-soluble organic salts are the homo- or co-polymeric acids or their salts, in which the polycarboxylic acid comprises at least two carboxyl radicals separated from each other by not more than two carbon atoms.
• Polymers of this type are disclosed in GB-A-1,596,756.
• Examples of such salts are polyacrylates of MW 2000-5000 and their copolymers with maleic anhydride, such copolymers having a molecular weight of from 20,000 to 70,000, especially about 40,000.
• Detergency builder salts are normally included in amounts of from 10% to 80% by weight of the composition preferably from 20% to 70% and most usually from 30% to 60% by weight.
• compositions of the present invention should be free from conventional bleaching agents.
• Other components used in detergent compositions may be employed, such as suds boosting or depressing agents, enzymes and stabilizers or activators therefore, soil-suspending agents soil-release agents, optical brighteners, abrasives, bactericides, tarnish inhibitors, coloring agents, and perfumes.
• soil-suspending agents soil-release agents such as soil-suspending agents soil-release agents, optical brighteners, abrasives, bactericides, tarnish inhibitors, coloring agents, and perfumes.
• enzyme technologies which also provide a type of color care benefit. Examples are cellulase for color maintenance/rejuvenation.
• These components, particularly the enzymes, optical brighteners, coloring agents, and perfumes should preferably be chosen such that they are compatible with the bleach component of the composition.
• the detergent compositions according to the invention can be in liquid, paste or granular forms.
• Granular compositions according to the present invention can also be in "compact form", i.e. they may have a relatively higher density than conventional granular detergents, i.e. from 550 to 950 g/l; in such case, the granular detergent compositions according to the present invention will contain a lower amount of "inorganic filler salt", compared to conventional granular detergents; typical filler salts are alkaline earth metal salts of sulphates and chlorides, typically sodium sulphate; "compact" detergents typically comprise not more than 10% filler salt.
• the present invention also relates to a process for inhibiting dye transfer from one fabric to another of solubilized and suspended dyes encountered during fabric laundering operations involving colored fabrics.
• the process comprises contacting fabrics with a laundering solution as hereinbefore described.
• the process of the invention is conveniently carried out in the course of the washing process.
• the washing process is preferably carried out at 5 °C to 90 °C, especially 20 to 60, but the catalysts are effective at up to 95 °C.
• the pH of the treatment solution is preferably from 7 to 11, especially from 7.5 to 10.5.
• the process and compositions of the invention can also be used as additive during laundry operations.
• the samples need to be free of dye since the dye also acts as a enzyme oxidation scavenger.
• the stability of the enzyme formulated with dye transfer inhibiting compositions are compared in the absence and presence of the enzyme oxidation scavenger. More in particular, the stability of protease was determined in the presence of iron porphin catalyst and glucose oxidase/glucose system.
• the protease activity is determined spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance at a wavelength of 410 nm. This corresponds to the formation of p-nitroaniline, which is the product of cleavage by a protease of a succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide.
• This pNA substrate i.e. Succinyl Ala-Ala
• DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
• a solution of the PNA substrate is prepared by diluting the substrate in Tris-buffer, pH 8.0 using a volume ratio of 1:20.
• the diluted pNA substrate is added to a 1 ml sample, of the solution (I) or (II) to be analyzed, in a cuvette.
• the sample is then introduced in the spectrophotometer and the absorbance at 410 nm is monitored for approximately 5 min.
• the absorbance curve should be a straight line over the first few minutes (ca. 3 min). If this is not the case, then the solution (I) or (II) should be diluted with Tris-buffer.
• Tris-buffer For instance, using the protease B Ex Genencor in the concentration mentioned above, the sample that gives a linear response is 100 ⁇ l of the solution and 900 ⁇ l of Tris-buffer, pH 8.0 (i.e.
• the extent of dye oxidation is determined in a 100mM phosphate buffer solution of 100 ml.
• the solution is continuously stirred in a beaker at a constant rate using a magnetic stirrer.
• the % of dye oxidized is determined spectrophotometrically.
• a 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution was prepared and its pH adjusted to 8.0. Then four 100 ml samples were prepared in separate beakers with the following compositions:
• solution C + scavenger The solutions were stirred at room temperature using a magnetic stirrer.
• the stability of protease and the amount of oxidized dye were determined according to the methods described in the text.
• solution oxidized % residual activity of protease after 10 min % dye after 30 min without scavenger 45 77 0.05% dimethylaminoethanol 75 76 0.01% diethylaminoethanol 83 77
• protease B (Ex-genencor) was studied at a pH of 7.8 using the same concentrations and experimental conditions as example 1 except that the solution now contains 1% detergent.
• a liquid dye transfer inhibiting composition according to the present invention is prepared, having the following compositions : % Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate 10 Alkyl sulphate 4 Fatty alcohol (C12-C15) ethoxylate 12 Fatty acid 10 Oleic acid 4 Citric acid 1 NaOH 3.4 Propanediol 1.5 Ethanol 5 Ethanoloxidase 5 u/ml Ferric tetrasulfonated tetraphenylporphin 0.1 ethoxylated tetraethylene pentamine 0.3 protease B ex-Genencor 0.33 Minors up to 100
• a compact granular dye transfer inhibiting composition according to the present invention is prepared, having the following formulation: % Linear alkyl benzene sulphonate 11.40 Tallow alkyl sulphate 1.80 C45 alkyl sulphate 3.00 C45 alcohol 7 times ethoxylated 4.00 Tallow alcohol 11 times ethoxylated 1.80 Dispersant 0.07 Silicone fluid 0.80 Trisodium citrate 14.00 Citric acid 3.00 Zeolite 32.50 Maleic acid actylic acid copolymer 5.00 DETMPA 1.00 Cellulase (active protein) 0.03 Alkalase/BAN 0.60 Lipase 0.36 Sodium silicate 2.00 Sodium sulphate 3.50 Ferric tetrasulfonated tetraphenylporphin 0.025 Glucose 10.00 Glucose oxidase 100 u/ml diethylaminoethanol 0.05 Minors up to 100

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• 1992
  • 1992-01-31 EP EP19920870018 patent/EP0553607B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
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