EP0552841A2 - Method and device for detecting undissolved gas in a hydraulic control system - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting undissolved gas in a hydraulic control system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0552841A2 EP0552841A2 EP93200129A EP93200129A EP0552841A2 EP 0552841 A2 EP0552841 A2 EP 0552841A2 EP 93200129 A EP93200129 A EP 93200129A EP 93200129 A EP93200129 A EP 93200129A EP 0552841 A2 EP0552841 A2 EP 0552841A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- connection
- reservoir
- medium
- piston
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
- F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
- F15B21/044—Removal or measurement of undissolved gas, e.g. de-aeration, venting or bleeding
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of detecting undissolved gas in a hydraulic control system of the type containing a hydraulic-medium pressure pump and a feed reservoir, and also to a device for carrying out said method.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for carrying it out which make it possible to detect the presence of free gas and to determine the amount thereof in a simple way without removing any component and without the need for a complicated external measurement set-up.
- the invention is based on the insight that the presence of undissolved gas in the hydraulic medium of a hydraulic control system has a direct influence upon the compressibility of thin medium.
- the method of the invention is therefore carried out by checking the compressibility of the medium and deducting the amount of undissolved gas from the thus obtained information by taking into account that an increase of the amount of undissolved gas in the medium results in a decrease of the compressibility of this medium.
- This method thus implies that the entire control system, both the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side, is brought to a first, predetermined pressure in a first phase and then is brought to a second, predetermined pressure in a second phase which means identical compression conditions for any gas bubbles present for both the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side, with the result that the amount of undissolved gas can be unambiguously determined from the observation of the volume fed to the system to be tested in the changeover from the first phase to the second phase.
- This hydraulic medium can be drawn from a reservoir provided with a filling-level indicator and the change in the filling level of said reservoir can be observed, but it is also possible to supply the hydraulic medium via a volumetric flow meter.
- a second way of carrying out the method according to the invention is described in claims 4-6.
- This way of carrying out the inventive method is based on the insight that a reduced compressibility, caused by and indicating the presence of undissolved gas, is associated with aanother value of the difference between the filling level with the system at rest and the filling level with the system under pressure than the value of this difference which is obtained when tere is no undissolved gas in the system, as determined during a reference measurement. It is therefore possible to only determine the respective filling levels at regular moments in order to be able to detect the presence of undissolved gas reliably. If necessary, these determinations can be carried out in a controlled way by a suitable regulating system.
- the reference numeral 2 indicates a hydraulic pressurised-medium reservoir having the normal fittings associated therewith and not explained in greater detail.
- Said reservoir is connected via the conduit 4 to a feed pump 6 which is driven by the motor 8.
- the high-pressure side 10 thereof is connected to a pressure-regulating device 16 with which a desired pressure can be accurately set at the output 18 thereof and which is of a type known per se.
- the connection 20 of the pressure-regulating device 16 is connected to the return conduit 22, shown by broken lines, which leads to the reservoir 2.
- the high-pressure conduits are shown by continuous lines in the figure; the low-pressure conduits by broken lines.
- the installation contains a hydraulic shuttle valve 26 having the connections 26a, 26b, 26c and 26d; in the position of the shuttle valve shown, indicated by the symbol , the connection 26a is connected to the connection 26d and the connection 26c is connected to the connection 26b; in the second position indicated by the connection 26a is connected to the connection 26c and the connection 26b is connected to the connection 26d.
- connection 26a is connected to the output 18 via the conduit 19, and the connection 26 is connected via the non-return valve 28 and via the conduit 30 to the high-pressure connection point 32 of the installation, which connection point 32 is designed to be connected via the aeroplane connection 34 to the high-pressure side of the control system to be tested.
- the pressure at the connection 32 can be measured with the manometer 48 if the valve 52 is opened.
- connection point 26b is connected via the conduit 38 and the conduit 40, in which a shut-off valve 42 is incorporated, to the connection point 44.
- the installation is connected via the aeroplane connection 46 to the low-pressure side of the control system to be tested.
- the pressure at the point 44 is measured with the manometer 48.
- the conduit 40 is connected via the conduit 50 to the return conduit 22.
- conduit 30 can be connected via the shut-off valve 52 to the connection point 44, with the result that a direct connection can be made via said valve between the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side of the control system to be tested and both are then at the same pressure, shut-off valve 42 being closed.
- the embodiment shown in Figure 1 has, in addition, a measuring cylinder 52 in which a piston 44 can move freely along with the piston rod 56 which has a sealed bushing.
- the piston 54 interacts with a graduated scale 58 with which the instantaneous position of the piston 56 can be determined.
- the chamber 60 underneath the piston is connected via the conduit 62 to the conduit 30 and, therefore, to the high-pressure side 34 of the system to be tested, the annular chamber 64 above the piston being connected via the conduit 66 to the connection 26c of the shuttle valve 26.
- the embodiment shown in Figure 1 is operated as follows: The pump 6 is put into operation and a first pressure is set with the aid of the regulating device 16 at the output 18 of the latter.
- the valve 52 is opened, the valve 42 is closed and the shuttle valve 26 is in the position shown, with the result that the connection 26a is connected to the connection 26d and the connection 26c is connected to the connection 26b.
- the pressure medium flows from connection 18 via 26a-26d, the non-return valve 28 and conduit 30 to the high-pressure connection 32 and to the low-pressure connection 44 of the installation to be tested. Via the open valve 52, the same pressure prevails at the low-pressure connection 44. All this has the consequence that the reservoir of the hydraulic control system, which is not in operation at that instant, is completely filled with pressure medium.
- the chamber 64 above the piston 54 is connected to the return conduit 22.
- the lower surface of the piston 54 is larger than the upper surface, with the result that the piston 54 will move fully upwards until it comes to rest against the upper edge of the cylinder 60.
- the shuttle valve 26 is now set to the position ⁇ , with the result that 26a is connected to 26c and 26b is connected to 26d. Then the pressure at the connection 18 is increased until the pressure at the measurement point 48 assumes a first, predetermined value which is higher than before. For this purpose, a somewhat higher pressure must prevail at the connection 18 because the upper surface, which is under pressure, of the piston 54 is smaller than the lower surface of said piston. The piston 54 will then have moved downwards to a first position indicated by S1 and indicated by broken lines.
- This position is indicated by means of the graduated scale 58 and noted.
- the pressure at the connections 32 and 34 is increased to a second, predetermined higher value. This is achieved by increasing the pressure at the connection 18, as a result of which the piston 54 moves from the position S1 to the position S2 and an amount of pressure medium is therefore displaced from the chamber 60 underneath the piston and enters the hydraulic control system to be tested, via the conduit 62.
- the amount of pressure medium displaced is directly dependent on the compressibility of the pressure medium contained in the control system and this compressibility is dependent in turn on the amount of undissolved gas in said pressure medium.
- the difference between the positions S1 and S2 therefore represents directly the amount of undissolved gas in the system to be tested.
- the procedure described above can be repeated, if necessary, one or more times.
- the embodiment shown in Figure 2 differs from that shown in Figure 1 in that the displacement cylinder 60, together with piston 54, is replaced by a volumetric flow meter 60 in series with a non-return valve 62 and a flow limiter 64, all this being incorporated between the conduit 30 and the connection 26c of the shuttle valve 26.
- the test procedure is essentially as described above, but with the difference that, after setting the pressure at the connections 32 and 34 to the first predetermined higher value with the aid of the volumetric flow meter 60, the amount of hydraulic medium which flows through the meter 60 is measured while the pressure is being increased to the second predetermined higher measurement value, for example 6 bar. This amount is directly dependent on the compressibility of the medium contained in the system and, therefore, on the amount of undissolved gas contained therein.
- the hydraulic system depicted in Figure 3 comprises the conventional positive-displacement pump 102 (which, when it is at rest, may be replaced by an additional external pump indicated by 102') whose high-pressure side 102a is connected via a nonreturn valve 104, on the one hand, via the conduit 106 to a load 108 to be driven by the hydraulic system and, on the other hand, via the conduit 110 to the cylinder volume 112 of a positive-displacement cylinder 114 which contains the piston 116.
- Said piston 116 is connected via the common piston rod 118 to the second piston 120 present in a second positive-displacement cylinder 122 in which the chamber 124 behind the piston is connected via the conduit 126 to the low-pressure side 102b of the positive-displacement pump 102 and via the conduit 128 to the load 108.
- Such systems containing closed feed reservoirs on the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side respectively are used, in particular, in aircraft. They are therefore known per se and are described, for example, in DE-U-2735554.
- the presence of undissolved, that is to say free, gas in such a system is very undesirable and the invention provides the possibility of detecting the presence thereof by checking the compressibility of the hydraulic medium.
- the system is first well vented via the existing venting connections on the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side, indicated in Figure 3 by 130 and 132, respectively, and the reservoirs 114 and 122 are filled with the correct amount of hydraulic medium.
- the system can be vented, for example, by a venting system to be connected separately, in which case air is extracted from the system with the aid of a vacuum system, or in some other suitable way.
- the filling level of one of the reservoirs is measured. In the example shown in Figure 3, this is the filling level of the cylinder 114, which is determined by observing the position of the piston 116. In Figure 3, this position is indicated by a solid triangle 134 opposite the scale 136. This position is noted, that is to say recorded.
- the system is then put into operation, which can be done by driving the pump 102 or by connecting the external driven pump 102' via the connections 130', 132' and the conduits 120', 126', which has the consequence that the position of the piston 116 will change: the piston 116 will move to the right, for example, to the position indicated by the triangle 134a drawn with broken lines. This position is also noted.
- the data thus obtained are reference data which apply to a system in which there is no undissolved gas.
- the position of the piston 116 is thus first determined with the system at rest and then the position of the piston 16 with the system in operation. If the difference between the two positions is greater than the difference determined in the reference measurement, this indicates the presence of undissolved gas.
- the memory 144 thus contains two measure values, the difference between which can be determined and can be retrieved via the addressing device 146; this difference can then be shown on a display 148 as an indication of the presence of undissolved gas.
- the electronic signal processing device can, if necessary, allow for varying operational conditions, for example for the temperature of the medium present in the reservoirs 114 or 122 and for the actual filling level of the reservoir, and for the actual pressures prevailing during the measurements.
- Figure 4 illustrates the application of the method and device according to the invention to a hydraulic system having a single reservoir.
- parts and components corresponding to those which have already been discussed by reference to Figure 3 have been indicated with the same reference numerals as those used in Figure 4.
- the conventional positive-displacement pump 102 whose high-pressure side 102a is connected to the load 108 via the nonreturn valve 104 and the conduit 106; the low-pressure side 102b is connected via the conduit 126 to the open reservoir 127 which is filled with hydraulic medium 129.
- the low-pressure side of the load 108 is also connected via the conduit 128 to said reservoir.
- Figure 4 also shows the connections 130', 132', via which the system can be vented or connected to the external hydraulic pump 102'.
- the system is first well vented and then the reservoir 129 is filled with the correct amount of hydraulic medium.
- the filling level of the reservoir 127 is measured by observing the position of the surface 131 of the medium 129. This position is indicated by the solid triangle 134'. Said position is noted, that is to say recorded.
- the liquid level 131 will drop, for example to the level indicated by the outline triangle 134a'. This position is also noted.
- these data are reference data which are applicable to a system which contains no undissolved gas.
- a suitable position-measuring device 140 in this case, for example, an optical one, which interacts with the electronic processing unit 142 having the memory 144 present therein, the addressing device 146 and the display 148, all these features being as described by reference to Figure 3.
- the reservoir 127 shown as open in Figure 4 may also be sealed by means of a membrane or piston present between the hydraulic medium and the outside air, while the method according to the invention when applied to a system as shown in Figure 4 can also be carried out in conjunction with the pressurisation of the reservoir 127, with the result that air present in the low-pressure side is also reliably detected.
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Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a method of detecting undissolved gas in a hydraulic control system of the type containing a hydraulic-medium pressure pump and a feed reservoir, and also to a device for carrying out said method.
- The presence of undissolved gas in a hydraulic system can result in cavitation damage, impairs the operational reliability and may even cause an unexpected, sudden and complete failure of the hydraulic system. The presence of undissolved gas is therefore a latent danger, which is furthermore increased by the fact that the occurrence of gas bubbles and the displacement thereof through the system is unpredictable. It is clear that the presence of free gas in the positive-displacement pump can have catastrophic consequences for the operation of the system if the pressure in the system completely or partly disappears.
- Up till now detecting the presence of undissolved gas in the hydraulic medium was done by taking samples which were analyzed in an external measurement set-up; it was hoped to counteract the occurrence of free gases by frequently venting the system; it was however, impossible to determine the need for this measure.
- The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for carrying it out which make it possible to detect the presence of free gas and to determine the amount thereof in a simple way without removing any component and without the need for a complicated external measurement set-up.
- The invention is based on the insight that the presence of undissolved gas in the hydraulic medium of a hydraulic control system has a direct influence upon the compressibility of thin medium. The method of the invention is therefore carried out by checking the compressibility of the medium and deducting the amount of undissolved gas from the thus obtained information by taking into account that an increase of the amount of undissolved gas in the medium results in a decrease of the compressibility of this medium.
- Practice has shown that the method according to the invention is very reliable; it can be carried out easily and yields immediately positive and valuable information about the actual presence of undissolved gas.
- A first way of carrying out the method according to the invention is described in the
claims 2 and 3; this method has the advantage of being universally usable without the need of access to the reservoir of the hydraulic system. - This method thus implies that the entire control system, both the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side, is brought to a first, predetermined pressure in a first phase and then is brought to a second, predetermined pressure in a second phase which means identical compression conditions for any gas bubbles present for both the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side, with the result that the amount of undissolved gas can be unambiguously determined from the observation of the volume fed to the system to be tested in the changeover from the first phase to the second phase.
- This hydraulic medium can be drawn from a reservoir provided with a filling-level indicator and the change in the filling level of said reservoir can be observed, but it is also possible to supply the hydraulic medium via a volumetric flow meter.
- A second way of carrying out the method according to the invention is described in claims 4-6. This way of carrying out the inventive method is based on the insight that a reduced compressibility, caused by and indicating the presence of undissolved gas, is associated with aanother value of the difference between the filling level with the system at rest and the filling level with the system under pressure than the value of this difference which is obtained when tere is no undissolved gas in the system, as determined during a reference measurement. It is therefore possible to only determine the respective filling levels at regular moments in order to be able to detect the presence of undissolved gas reliably. If necessary, these determinations can be carried out in a controlled way by a suitable regulating system.
- Devices for carrying out the method, according to the invention are subject of the claims 7 and 8 on the one hand and claims 9-13 on the other hand.
- It is observed that a hydraulic system of the kind as described in the preamble of claim 12 is known in itself from DE-U-2735554.
- The invention is explained by reference to the drawing, wherein:
- Figure 1 is the (simplified) diagram of a first embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention,
- Figure 2 is the (simplified) diagram of a second embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- Figure 3 shows the diagram of a closed hydraulic system having two reservoirs each containing a piston and suitable for carrying out the method of the invention;
- Figure 4 shows the diagram of a hydraulic system containing a reservoir and also suitable for carrying out the inventive method.
- In figures 1 and 2, in which corresponding elements are indicated with idential reference numerals, the
reference numeral 2 indicates a hydraulic pressurised-medium reservoir having the normal fittings associated therewith and not explained in greater detail. Said reservoir is connected via theconduit 4 to afeed pump 6 which is driven by the motor 8. The high-pressure side 10 thereof is connected to a pressure-regulatingdevice 16 with which a desired pressure can be accurately set at theoutput 18 thereof and which is of a type known per se. Theconnection 20 of the pressure-regulatingdevice 16 is connected to thereturn conduit 22, shown by broken lines, which leads to thereservoir 2. The high-pressure conduits are shown by continuous lines in the figure; the low-pressure conduits by broken lines. - An
overload protection 24, also of the type known per se, is incorporated between thepoint 10 and thereturn conduit 22. - The installation contains a
hydraulic shuttle valve 26 having theconnections connection 26a is connected to theconnection 26d and theconnection 26c is connected to theconnection 26b; in the second position indicated by theconnection 26a is connected to theconnection 26c and theconnection 26b is connected to theconnection 26d. - The
connection 26a is connected to theoutput 18 via theconduit 19, and theconnection 26 is connected via thenon-return valve 28 and via theconduit 30 to the high-pressure connection point 32 of the installation, whichconnection point 32 is designed to be connected via theaeroplane connection 34 to the high-pressure side of the control system to be tested. The pressure at theconnection 32 can be measured with themanometer 48 if thevalve 52 is opened. - The
connection point 26b is connected via theconduit 38 and theconduit 40, in which a shut-offvalve 42 is incorporated, to theconnection point 44. The installation is connected via theaeroplane connection 46 to the low-pressure side of the control system to be tested. The pressure at thepoint 44 is measured with themanometer 48. - The
conduit 40 is connected via theconduit 50 to thereturn conduit 22. - Finally, the
conduit 30 can be connected via the shut-offvalve 52 to theconnection point 44, with the result that a direct connection can be made via said valve between the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side of the control system to be tested and both are then at the same pressure, shut-offvalve 42 being closed. - The above applies to both the embodiment shown in Figure 1 and the embodiment shown in Figure 2.
- The embodiment shown in Figure 1 has, in addition, a measuring
cylinder 52 in which apiston 44 can move freely along with thepiston rod 56 which has a sealed bushing. Thepiston 54 interacts with a graduatedscale 58 with which the instantaneous position of thepiston 56 can be determined. Thechamber 60 underneath the piston is connected via theconduit 62 to theconduit 30 and, therefore, to the high-pressure side 34 of the system to be tested, theannular chamber 64 above the piston being connected via theconduit 66 to theconnection 26c of theshuttle valve 26. - The embodiment shown in Figure 1 is operated as follows:
Thepump 6 is put into operation and a first pressure is set with the aid of the regulatingdevice 16 at theoutput 18 of the latter. Thevalve 52 is opened, thevalve 42 is closed and theshuttle valve 26 is in the position shown, with the result that theconnection 26a is connected to theconnection 26d and theconnection 26c is connected to theconnection 26b. - The pressure medium flows from
connection 18 via 26a-26d, thenon-return valve 28 andconduit 30 to the high-pressure connection 32 and to the low-pressure connection 44 of the installation to be tested. Via theopen valve 52, the same pressure prevails at the low-pressure connection 44. All this has the consequence that the reservoir of the hydraulic control system, which is not in operation at that instant, is completely filled with pressure medium. - The pressure prevails also in the
chamber 60 underneath thepiston 54. Thechamber 64 above thepiston 54 is connected to thereturn conduit 22. The lower surface of thepiston 54 is larger than the upper surface, with the result that thepiston 54 will move fully upwards until it comes to rest against the upper edge of thecylinder 60. - The
shuttle valve 26 is now set to the position ⇄ , with the result that 26a is connected to 26c and 26b is connected to 26d. Then the pressure at theconnection 18 is increased until the pressure at themeasurement point 48 assumes a first, predetermined value which is higher than before. For this purpose, a somewhat higher pressure must prevail at theconnection 18 because the upper surface, which is under pressure, of thepiston 54 is smaller than the lower surface of said piston. Thepiston 54 will then have moved downwards to a first position indicated by S1 and indicated by broken lines. - This position is indicated by means of the graduated
scale 58 and noted. - Then the pressure at the
connections connection 18, as a result of which thepiston 54 moves from the position S1 to the position S2 and an amount of pressure medium is therefore displaced from thechamber 60 underneath the piston and enters the hydraulic control system to be tested, via theconduit 62. The amount of pressure medium displaced is directly dependent on the compressibility of the pressure medium contained in the control system and this compressibility is dependent in turn on the amount of undissolved gas in said pressure medium. The difference between the positions S1 and S2 therefore represents directly the amount of undissolved gas in the system to be tested. - The procedure described above can be repeated, if necessary, one or more times.
- The embodiment shown in Figure 2 differs from that shown in Figure 1 in that the
displacement cylinder 60, together withpiston 54, is replaced by avolumetric flow meter 60 in series with anon-return valve 62 and aflow limiter 64, all this being incorporated between theconduit 30 and theconnection 26c of theshuttle valve 26. The test procedure is essentially as described above, but with the difference that, after setting the pressure at theconnections volumetric flow meter 60, the amount of hydraulic medium which flows through themeter 60 is measured while the pressure is being increased to the second predetermined higher measurement value, for example 6 bar. This amount is directly dependent on the compressibility of the medium contained in the system and, therefore, on the amount of undissolved gas contained therein. - The hydraulic system depicted in Figure 3 comprises the conventional positive-displacement pump 102 (which, when it is at rest, may be replaced by an additional external pump indicated by 102') whose high-
pressure side 102a is connected via anonreturn valve 104, on the one hand, via theconduit 106 to aload 108 to be driven by the hydraulic system and, on the other hand, via theconduit 110 to thecylinder volume 112 of a positive-displacement cylinder 114 which contains thepiston 116. Saidpiston 116 is connected via thecommon piston rod 118 to thesecond piston 120 present in a second positive-displacement cylinder 122 in which thechamber 124 behind the piston is connected via theconduit 126 to the low-pressure side 102b of the positive-displacement pump 102 and via theconduit 128 to theload 108. Such systems containing closed feed reservoirs on the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side respectively are used, in particular, in aircraft. They are therefore known per se and are described, for example, in DE-U-2735554. - As already described above, the presence of undissolved, that is to say free, gas in such a system is very undesirable and the invention provides the possibility of detecting the presence thereof by checking the compressibility of the hydraulic medium.
- In the method according to the invention, the system is first well vented via the existing venting connections on the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side, indicated in Figure 3 by 130 and 132, respectively, and the
reservoirs displacement pump 102 at rest, the filling level of one of the reservoirs is measured. In the example shown in Figure 3, this is the filling level of thecylinder 114, which is determined by observing the position of thepiston 116. In Figure 3, this position is indicated by asolid triangle 134 opposite thescale 136. This position is noted, that is to say recorded. - The system is then put into operation, which can be done by driving the
pump 102 or by connecting the external driven pump 102' via the connections 130', 132' and the conduits 120', 126', which has the consequence that the position of thepiston 116 will change: thepiston 116 will move to the right, for example, to the position indicated by thetriangle 134a drawn with broken lines. This position is also noted. - The data thus obtained are reference data which apply to a system in which there is no undissolved gas.
- If there is, in fact, undissolved gas in the system, the difference between the two
measurements 134, on the one hand, and 134a, on the other hand, will be greater. This is a consequence of the fact that undissolved, free gas can be compressed much more easily than liquid. - In order to determine, after a time has elapsed and at desired instants, whether undissolved gas is present in the system, it is not necessary to do anything other than repeat the determinations described above: the position of the
piston 116 is thus first determined with the system at rest and then the position of thepiston 16 with the system in operation. If the difference between the two positions is greater than the difference determined in the reference measurement, this indicates the presence of undissolved gas. - The invention has been explained above by reference to a simple visual determination in which use can be made, for example, of a scale division provided on a transparent wall section of the
cylinder 114 and which can also be carried out, for example, with a ruler. Of course, the method can be refined with the aid of electronic means available to the person skilled in the art. Thus, it is conceivable, for example, as shown in Figure 3, to provide, next to thecylindrical reservoir 114, for example, an inductive or optical position-measuringdevice 140 or another suitable sensing element whose output signal represents the position of thepiston 116. This signal is fed to amemory 144 present in anelectronic processing unit 142 and stored therein. After two determinations, thememory 144 thus contains two measure values, the difference between which can be determined and can be retrieved via the addressingdevice 146; this difference can then be shown on adisplay 148 as an indication of the presence of undissolved gas. In determining the difference to be shown on thedisplay 148, the electronic signal processing device can, if necessary, allow for varying operational conditions, for example for the temperature of the medium present in thereservoirs - Figure 4 illustrates the application of the method and device according to the invention to a hydraulic system having a single reservoir. In Figure 4, parts and components corresponding to those which have already been discussed by reference to Figure 3 have been indicated with the same reference numerals as those used in Figure 4.
- Just as is the case in the embodiment shown in Figure 3, there is the conventional positive-
displacement pump 102 whose high-pressure side 102a is connected to theload 108 via thenonreturn valve 104 and theconduit 106; the low-pressure side 102b is connected via theconduit 126 to theopen reservoir 127 which is filled withhydraulic medium 129. The low-pressure side of theload 108 is also connected via theconduit 128 to said reservoir. - Figure 4 also shows the connections 130', 132', via which the system can be vented or connected to the external hydraulic pump 102'.
- Here, again, the system is first well vented and then the
reservoir 129 is filled with the correct amount of hydraulic medium. With the system in the rest state, the filling level of thereservoir 127 is measured by observing the position of thesurface 131 of the medium 129. This position is indicated by the solid triangle 134'. Said position is noted, that is to say recorded. - After the system has been put into operation, the
liquid level 131 will drop, for example to the level indicated by theoutline triangle 134a'. This position is also noted. - As already described by reference to Figure 3, these data are reference data which are applicable to a system which contains no undissolved gas.
- If a system does in fact contain undissolved gas, the difference between the two measurements 134', on the one hand, and 134a', on the other hand, will be greater.
- In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, use can again be made of a suitable position-measuring
device 140, in this case, for example, an optical one, which interacts with theelectronic processing unit 142 having thememory 144 present therein, the addressingdevice 146 and thedisplay 148, all these features being as described by reference to Figure 3. - It is pointed out that the
reservoir 127 shown as open in Figure 4 may also be sealed by means of a membrane or piston present between the hydraulic medium and the outside air, while the method according to the invention when applied to a system as shown in Figure 4 can also be carried out in conjunction with the pressurisation of thereservoir 127, with the result that air present in the low-pressure side is also reliably detected.
Claims (13)
- Method of detecting undissolved gas in a hydraulic control system of the type containing a hydraulic-medium pressure pump and a feed reservoir, characterised by the steps of checking the compressibility of the medium and deducting the amount of undissolved gas from the thus obtained information by taking into account that an increase of the amount of undissolved gas in the medium results in a decrease of the compressibility of this medium.
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that both the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side of the system is brought to a predetermined, first pressure by means of a separate source of said medium, then the pressure on both the high pressure side, and the low pressure side is brought to a second, predetermined higher pressure using said source and the amount of hydraulic medium fed to the control system from said source during this operation is observed.
- Method according to claim 1-2, characterised in that the hydraulic medium is drawn from a reservoir provided with a filling-level indicator and the change in the filling level of said reservoir is observed.
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that- 1. the system is vented while it is at rest and the filling level of the reservoir is determined and stored;- 2. the system is put under pressure, for example in the operational state, and the filling level of the same reservoir then arising is determined and stored;- 3. the difference in the filling levels is determined and stored;- 4. the determinations described under 1) and 2) are repeated at a later instant in time without venting and a conclusion is drawn as to whether the difference in the filling level(s) deviates from the difference determined earlier to such a significant extent that undissolved gas must be present in the system.
- Method according to Claim 4, characterised in that, in concluding whether free gas is present in the system, account is taken of variations in filling level due to variations in temperature, and of the actual filling level or pressures.
- Method according to Claims 4-5 as applied to a hydraulic control system of the type containing a hydraulic pressure pump whose high-pressure side is connected to a first reservoir in which a first displaceable sealing element having a relatively small surface area is provided and whose low-pressure side is connected to a second reservoir in which a second sealing element coupled to the first sealing element and having a relatively large surface area is provided, all these features being such that, during normal operation, a constant pressure ratio is maintained, characterised in that the respective filling levels are derived from the respective piston positions.
- Device for carrying out the method according to claims 1-3, characterised by a pressure-medium source which is able to deliver said medium at a settable pressure to a pressure output connection (18) and to accept it in return from a return conduit (22), and by a shuttle valve (26) having a first input connection (26a) connected to the pressure output connection (18) and having a second input connection (26b) connected to the return conduit (22), and having a first output connection (26c) which, in the first position of the shuttle valve, is connected to the second input connection (26b) and which, in the second position of the shuttle valve, is connected to the first input connection (26a), and having a second output connection (26d) which, in the first position of the shuttle valve, is connected to the first input connection (26a) and which, in the second position of the shuttle valve, is connected to the second input connection (26b), the return conduit (20, 22, 50) being connected via a controllable valve (42) to a device output connection (44) designed for a possible connection to the low-pressure side of the control system to be tested, the second output connection (26d) of the shuttle valve (26) being connected via a non-return valve (28) and a conduit (30) being connected to a second device output connection (32) designed to be connected to the high-pressure connection of the system to be tested, a controllable valve (52) being incorporated between the two output connections (44, 32), and also characterised by a cylindrical reservoir having a piston, freely movable therein, whose piston rod is passed in a sealed manner through one of the cylinder end walls and which piston co-operates with a piston position indicating device, it being possible to determine the instantaneous piston position, the annular chamber above the piston of said reservoir being connected via a conduit (66) to the first output connection (26c) of shuttle valve (26), while the cylindrical chamber (60) underneath the piston (54) is connected via a conduit (62, 30) to the high-pressure output connection (32) of the device and can be connected via the valve (52) to the low-pressure side (44) thereof.
- Device for carrying out the method according to claims 1 and 3, characterised by a pressure-medium source which can deliver said medium at a settable pressure to a pressure output connection (18) and can accept it in return from a return conduit (22), and by a shuttle valve (26) having a first input connection (26a) connected to the pressure output connection (18) and having a second input connection (26b) connected to the return conduit (22), and having a first output connection (26c) which, in the first position of the shuttle valve, is connected to the second input connection (26b) and, in the second position of the shuttle valve, is connected to the first input connection (26a), and having a second output connection (26d) which, in the first position of the shuttle valve, is connected to the first input connection (26a) and, in the second position of the shuttle valve, is connected to the second input connection (26b), the return conduit (20, 22, 50) being connected via a controllable valve (42) to an output connection (44) of the device designed to be connected to the low-pressure side of the control system to be tested, the second output connection (26d) of the shuttle valve (26) being connected via a non-return valve (28) and a conduit (30) to a second device output connection (32) designed to be connected to the high-pressure connection of the system to be tested, a controllable valve (52) being incorporated between the two output connections (32 and 44, respectively), and also characterised by a volumetric flow meter connected, on the one hand, to a first output connection (26c) of the shuttle valve (26) and, on the other hand, via a non-return valve (62) to the device high-pressure output connection (32).
- Device for carrying out the method according to Claim 1 and claims 4-6, characterised in that a reservoir (114, 127) is provided with means (136) for determining the filling level.
- Device according to Claim 9, characterised in that said means (136) supply a measure value which can be stored in a memory (144) and can be read-out at a later moment for comparison with a new measure value.
- Device according to Claim 10, characterised in that said means yield a visually observable filling-level value.
- Device according to Claims 9-11 in a hydraulic system of the type containing a hydraulic pressure pump (102) whose high-pressure side (102a) is connected to a first reservoir (114) in which a first displaceable sealing element (116) having a relatively small surface area is provided and whose low-pressure side is connected to a second reservoir (122) in which a second sealing element (120) coupled to the first sealing element (116) and having a relatively large surface area is provided, all these features being such that, during normal operation, a constant pressure ratio is maintained, characterised in that the means for determining the filling level interact with a piston (116) present in one of the reservoirs.
- Device according to Claim 12, characterised in that said means comprise a piston position indicator (140) which delivers an electrical signal representing the piston position.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL9200128A NL9200128A (en) | 1992-01-23 | 1992-01-23 | Detecting undissolved gas in hydraulic control system |
NL9200128 | 1992-01-23 | ||
NL9200995A NL9200995A (en) | 1992-06-05 | 1992-06-05 | Method and device for detecting undissolved gas in a hydraulic control system |
NL9200995 | 1992-06-05 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0552841A2 true EP0552841A2 (en) | 1993-07-28 |
EP0552841A3 EP0552841A3 (en) | 1994-12-21 |
EP0552841B1 EP0552841B1 (en) | 1999-06-09 |
Family
ID=26646927
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93200129A Expired - Lifetime EP0552841B1 (en) | 1992-01-23 | 1993-01-19 | Method and device for detecting undissolved gas in a hydraulic control system |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0552841B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE181142T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69325190T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2134239T3 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL1004028C2 (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-03-16 | Sun Electric Systems Bv | Method for determining the amount of undissolved gas in a hydraulic system. |
US8381583B2 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2013-02-26 | Sun Test Systems B.V. | Method for determining a functioning of a gas bleed valve |
DE102004038801B4 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2014-05-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for detecting gas inclusions in a viscous medium |
DE102013224744A1 (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-06-03 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Method for reducing air accumulation |
CN110985462A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 四川凌峰航空液压机械有限公司 | Hydraulic system for eliminating pulse test actuating cylinder and pipeline gas thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012221954A1 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Gas detection device for detecting presence of air bubbles in hydraulic oil in e.g. oil circuit for lubricating engine of hydraulic hybrid vehicle, has control device including display unit, by which presence of gas in fluid is displayed |
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FR2474196A1 (en) * | 1980-01-22 | 1981-07-24 | Armines | Pressure versus volume measurer of gas-liq. mixt. - uses floating piston with test compound above and hydraulic fluid below with thermocouple in moving probe to detect liq. surface |
US4329869A (en) * | 1979-07-27 | 1982-05-18 | Kabushiki Kaisha Polyurethan Engineering | Apparatus for measuring the amount of air bubbles contained in liquid |
DE3233551A1 (en) * | 1982-09-10 | 1984-03-15 | Danfoss A/S, 6430 Nordborg | Device for detecting the gas portion in a fluid system under pressure |
FR2547051A1 (en) * | 1983-06-06 | 1984-12-07 | Petroles Cie Francaise | Measuring apparatus for studying the relationships between the pressure and the liquid and/or gaseous volumes for a product with liquid and/or gaseous phases |
FR2572530A1 (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1986-05-02 | Armines | Automatic apparatus for measuring vaporised fractions of pure and/or mixed bodies and the densities of the liquid and/or vapour phases with withdrawal of samples in the vapour phase |
EP0206119A1 (en) * | 1985-06-13 | 1986-12-30 | Shen, Hanshi Petroleum and Chemical Factory | Method and apparatus for eliminating cavitation in hydraulic systems |
EP0451752A2 (en) * | 1990-04-12 | 1991-10-16 | Afros S.P.A. | Method and apparatus for testing gas dispersed in a liquid |
-
1993
- 1993-01-19 DE DE69325190T patent/DE69325190T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-01-19 ES ES93200129T patent/ES2134239T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-19 AT AT93200129T patent/ATE181142T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-01-19 EP EP93200129A patent/EP0552841B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US4089206A (en) * | 1975-09-27 | 1978-05-16 | Maschinenfabrik Hennecke Gmbh | Method and apparatus for measuring the proportion of undissolved gas in a liquid component for the production of foam materials |
EP0022394A1 (en) * | 1979-07-05 | 1981-01-14 | AMS, société anonyme | Method and device for controlling the degassing of a hydraulic circuit |
US4329869A (en) * | 1979-07-27 | 1982-05-18 | Kabushiki Kaisha Polyurethan Engineering | Apparatus for measuring the amount of air bubbles contained in liquid |
FR2474196A1 (en) * | 1980-01-22 | 1981-07-24 | Armines | Pressure versus volume measurer of gas-liq. mixt. - uses floating piston with test compound above and hydraulic fluid below with thermocouple in moving probe to detect liq. surface |
DE3233551A1 (en) * | 1982-09-10 | 1984-03-15 | Danfoss A/S, 6430 Nordborg | Device for detecting the gas portion in a fluid system under pressure |
FR2547051A1 (en) * | 1983-06-06 | 1984-12-07 | Petroles Cie Francaise | Measuring apparatus for studying the relationships between the pressure and the liquid and/or gaseous volumes for a product with liquid and/or gaseous phases |
FR2572530A1 (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1986-05-02 | Armines | Automatic apparatus for measuring vaporised fractions of pure and/or mixed bodies and the densities of the liquid and/or vapour phases with withdrawal of samples in the vapour phase |
EP0206119A1 (en) * | 1985-06-13 | 1986-12-30 | Shen, Hanshi Petroleum and Chemical Factory | Method and apparatus for eliminating cavitation in hydraulic systems |
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Cited By (9)
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NL1004028C2 (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-03-16 | Sun Electric Systems Bv | Method for determining the amount of undissolved gas in a hydraulic system. |
EP0829648A1 (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-03-18 | Sun Electric Systems B.V. | Method and device for determining the amount of undissolved gas in a hydraulic system |
US6081767A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 2000-06-27 | Sun Electric Systems B.V. | Method and device for determining the amount of undissolved gas in a hydraulic system |
DE102004038801B4 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2014-05-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for detecting gas inclusions in a viscous medium |
US8381583B2 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2013-02-26 | Sun Test Systems B.V. | Method for determining a functioning of a gas bleed valve |
DE102013224744A1 (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-06-03 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Method for reducing air accumulation |
DE102013224744B4 (en) | 2013-12-03 | 2024-04-04 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Method for reducing air buildup |
CN110985462A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 四川凌峰航空液压机械有限公司 | Hydraulic system for eliminating pulse test actuating cylinder and pipeline gas thereof |
CN110985462B (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-08-06 | 四川凌峰航空液压机械有限公司 | Hydraulic system for eliminating pulse test actuating cylinder and pipeline gas thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0552841B1 (en) | 1999-06-09 |
ATE181142T1 (en) | 1999-06-15 |
DE69325190T2 (en) | 1999-10-28 |
ES2134239T3 (en) | 1999-10-01 |
DE69325190D1 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
EP0552841A3 (en) | 1994-12-21 |
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