EP0552004A1 - Procédé de dépôt d'une couche de revêtement sur un substrat - Google Patents
Procédé de dépôt d'une couche de revêtement sur un substrat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0552004A1 EP0552004A1 EP93300142A EP93300142A EP0552004A1 EP 0552004 A1 EP0552004 A1 EP 0552004A1 EP 93300142 A EP93300142 A EP 93300142A EP 93300142 A EP93300142 A EP 93300142A EP 0552004 A1 EP0552004 A1 EP 0552004A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- substrate
- nitrogen
- alloy
- nitride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of depositing a surface coating upon a substrate and more particularly to depositing a hard surface alloy coating upon a metal substrate.
- a metal substrate body For many purposes it may be desirable to provide a metal substrate body with a surface coating having properties which differ from those of the substrate. For example, it may be desirable to make the surface of the substrate metal more wear or corrosion resistant. Many techniques are used to deposit such coatings. Examples are:- electro-plating, flame and plasma spraying, ion bombardment and the use of lasers to fuse a coating powder. Favoured materials for producing hard corrosion resistant surface coatings are nitrides which can be produced either by heating the substrate in a nitrogenous environment or by the direct implantation of nitrogen ions. One such method for producing nitrogen-containing alloys in a particulate form is described in our co-pending European patent application publication number EPO 363047 A1. In the above application, there is described a method of forming alloy particles in which particles of the starting metal are heated together with a nitrogen donor material which dissociates to provide free nitrogen which dissolves in the metal particles to provide particles of the desired alloy.
- a method of forming a layer of a nitrogenous alloy upon a substrate including the operation of depositing upon a surface particles of an alloy material including a nitrogen donor material and a nitride forming element, wherein the particles during at least a part of their passage to the substrate are arranged to be at a temperature such that at least a proportion of the nitrogen donor is dissociated to provide free nitrogen which reacts with the nitride former to form a nitrogenous alloy prior to the deposition of the particles upon the substrate and causing the particles to form an adherent non-porous layer of nitrogenous alloy upon the substrate.
- the particles may be arranged to be at least plastic when they impinge upon the substrate so that they coalesce to form the non-porous layer, or the coated substrate may be subjected to a densification process such as hot rolling or hot isostatic pressing.
- the particles are formed by atomising a molten precursor material, or by the use of high-temperature deposition techniques such as flame or plasma spraying.
- the free nitrogen will diffuse into the substrate with which it preferably reacts so as to provide an interfacial region with a graded concentration of nitrogen thereby to improve the properties of the surface layer.
- the substrate may contain a nitrogen former to facilitate this process.
- the operation of subjecting the coated substrate to a heat treatment such as to enhance the dissociation of the nitrogen donor and provide a desired variation of the physical properties of the alloy surface coating and the adjacent surface region of the substrate.
- the heat treatment may be combined with a densifying operation as part of a hot isostatic pressing process. This will then ensure the complete dissociation of the nitrogen donor and form a dense layer.
- the nitrogen donor may comprise chromium nitride (either CrN or Cr2N) and the nitride former may comprise titanium.
- a dispersant may be included in the particles or introduced into the surface alloy layer.
- a suitable dispersant is titanium nitride itself.
- the alloy from which the surface layer is formed may comprise an iron, nickel or cobalt based alloy, for example stainless steel and the substrate may comprise similar alloys, but more usually an alloy of leaner composition.
- the deposition of the powder may be carried out in the presence of a nitrogenous gas.
- a nitrogenous gas may comprise pure nitrogen, nitrogen plus less than 5 v / o hydrogen, or nitrogen plus an inert carrier gas such as argon which acts as a diluent.
- EPO patent specification number 363047 A1 describes the use of the Osprey process as means of obtaining a metal preform in which the donor powder is contained. This is achieved by injecting the donor powder into the atomising gas used in the Osprey process during spraying so as to be dispersed into the preform.
- a natural consequence of this process is that the metal powder that does not impinge on the substrate to form a preform, termed "overspray", also contains donor material encapsulated within the metal powder particles.
- This overspray powder can also be consolidated as per the methods stated in the above patent or by using a hot isostatic pressing operation to produce dissociation of the donor and formation of the nitride.
- the process can be used to produce quantities of powder consisting of donor material encapsulated within the metal. This powder can then be used to provide coatings by methods embodying the present invention and as described later.
- the particles are applied to a stainless steel substrate body by plasma spraying.
- the CrN dissociates to provide free nitrogen which reacts with aluminium or yttrium from the MCrA1Y to form the appropriate nitrides and also provides a source of nitrogen for additional coating and substrate hardening.
- the MCrA1Y alloy is arranged to contain sufficient aluminum to ensure that after pre-oxidation there will continue to be in use oxidation protection by the formation of alumina scale.
- the MCrA1Y alloy also may contain up to 3 v / o titanium, which will react to form a nitride before the aluminium thus ensuring that some aluminium remains in the MCrA1Y alloy to enable an alumina scale to form in use.
- the CrN may be incorporated into the MCrA1Y alloy particles by the method disclosed in our co-pending European patent application EPO 363047 A1 to which previous reference has been made. Alternatively it can be incorporated by the already mentioned use of "Osprey” process overspray material, or it can be incorporated by a technique called Mechano Fusion where the donor CrN coats the alloy powder by a mechanical fusing process.
- the powder is made of the cobalt based hard surfacing alloy known as Stellite produced by Deloro Stellite Limited.
- Stellite cobalt based hard surfacing alloy
- chromium nitride is incorporated as a nitrogen donor and titanium is included as a nitride forming material.
- the powder is applied by means of plasma spraying, or some other powder deposition technique and the dissociation of the chromium nitride is achieved thermally during the deposition phase, or subsequently.
- a further heat treatment step such as a thermal anneal, laser glaze or hot isostatic pressing process may be found to be necessary to achieve the complete dissociation of the chromium nitride and the formation of the titanium nitride.
- the powder is made of the nickel-based alloy known as Deloro, also produced by Deloro Stellite Limited. Again, chromium nitride and titanium are used as the nitrogen donor and the nitride former respectively, and the deposition process is as before.
- the powder is made of the iron-based alloy known as Delchrome, again produced by Delloro Stellite Limited, but as before the nitrogen donor is chromium nitride and the nitride former is titanium.
- the deposition process is as for examples 2 and 3.
- the deposition can be done in an atmosphere of nitrogen or nitrogen-containing gas.
- nitrogen donor material will provide an excess of nitrogen in solid solution in the final alloy layer and the interface region of the substrate upon which it is deposited. This excess of nitrogen will provide strengthening of the coating and the interfacial region of the substrate as well as the bond between them. Also the corrosion resistance of the alloy coating will be improved.
- TiN/N strengthening phases can be used as well as, or instead of, the strengthening phases which usually are incorporated in the above mentioned alloys. TiN/N strengthening will enhance the performance of cobalt, nickel and iron-based hard facing alloys in the following ways;
- the mixture of nitrogen donor and titanium containing alloy for spraying may be obtained also by a blending of appropriate particles, or by the use of a hollow tube made of a titanium-containing alloy packed with the nitrogen donor material and adapted for use as a plasma spraying consumable in a known manner.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9200880 | 1992-01-16 | ||
GB929200880A GB9200880D0 (en) | 1992-01-16 | 1992-01-16 | A method of producing a surface coating upon a substrate |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0552004A1 true EP0552004A1 (fr) | 1993-07-21 |
Family
ID=10708681
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93300142A Withdrawn EP0552004A1 (fr) | 1992-01-16 | 1993-01-11 | Procédé de dépôt d'une couche de revêtement sur un substrat |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0552004A1 (fr) |
GB (2) | GB9200880D0 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0922786A2 (fr) | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-16 | Fuji Kihan Co., Ltd. | Produit revêtu de céramique et procédé de sa fabrication |
EP1391531A2 (fr) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-02-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Couche de barrière thermique avec particules de nitrures |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1182242A (en) * | 1966-02-11 | 1970-02-25 | United States Borax Chem | Improvements in or relating to Nitrides. |
EP0156760A2 (fr) * | 1984-03-12 | 1985-10-02 | MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé et installation pour la fabrication d'un outil de travail à chaud |
WO1989005870A1 (fr) * | 1987-12-14 | 1989-06-29 | Osprey Metals Limited | Depot par pulverisation |
DE3808285A1 (de) * | 1988-03-12 | 1989-09-21 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung harter und verschleissfester oberflaechenschichten |
EP0363047A1 (fr) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-04-11 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Procédé de préparation d'alliages renforcés par une dispersion de nitrures |
US4961457A (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1990-10-09 | Olin Corporation | Method to reduce porosity in a spray cast deposit |
EP0456847A1 (fr) * | 1987-06-26 | 1991-11-21 | Bernex Gmbh | Procédé pour la fabrication d'un revêtement protecteur, résistant à l'usure et la corrosion, en alliage de fer austénitique et revêtement ainsi fabriqué |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8408901D0 (en) * | 1984-04-06 | 1984-05-16 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Titanium nitride dispersion strengthened alloys |
GB2183676B (en) * | 1985-11-28 | 1989-11-22 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Production of nitride dispersion strengthened alloys |
-
1992
- 1992-01-16 GB GB929200880A patent/GB9200880D0/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-01-11 GB GB9300375A patent/GB2263284B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-01-11 EP EP93300142A patent/EP0552004A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1182242A (en) * | 1966-02-11 | 1970-02-25 | United States Borax Chem | Improvements in or relating to Nitrides. |
EP0156760A2 (fr) * | 1984-03-12 | 1985-10-02 | MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé et installation pour la fabrication d'un outil de travail à chaud |
EP0456847A1 (fr) * | 1987-06-26 | 1991-11-21 | Bernex Gmbh | Procédé pour la fabrication d'un revêtement protecteur, résistant à l'usure et la corrosion, en alliage de fer austénitique et revêtement ainsi fabriqué |
WO1989005870A1 (fr) * | 1987-12-14 | 1989-06-29 | Osprey Metals Limited | Depot par pulverisation |
DE3808285A1 (de) * | 1988-03-12 | 1989-09-21 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung harter und verschleissfester oberflaechenschichten |
EP0363047A1 (fr) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-04-11 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Procédé de préparation d'alliages renforcés par une dispersion de nitrures |
US4961457A (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1990-10-09 | Olin Corporation | Method to reduce porosity in a spray cast deposit |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0922786A2 (fr) | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-16 | Fuji Kihan Co., Ltd. | Produit revêtu de céramique et procédé de sa fabrication |
EP0922786A3 (fr) * | 1997-11-25 | 2001-04-25 | Fuji Kihan Co., Ltd. | Produit revêtu de céramique et procédé de sa fabrication |
US6482467B2 (en) | 1997-11-25 | 2002-11-19 | Fuji Kihan Co., Ltd. | Ceramic coated product, and method for forming the ceramic coated product |
EP1391531A2 (fr) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-02-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Couche de barrière thermique avec particules de nitrures |
EP1391531A3 (fr) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-05-12 | United Technologies Corporation | Couche de barrière thermique avec particules de nitrures |
US7166372B2 (en) | 2002-08-05 | 2007-01-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Thermal barrier coating utilizing a dispersion strengthened metallic bond coat |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB9200880D0 (en) | 1992-03-11 |
GB2263284A (en) | 1993-07-21 |
GB2263284B (en) | 1994-12-21 |
GB9300375D0 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR IT LI NL SE |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19940122 |