EP0547995A1

EP0547995A1 - Grinding and beveling machine

Info

Publication number: EP0547995A1
Application number: EP92500022A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Antonio Sanchez Alarcon
Original assignee: Sistemas Electro-Mecanicos Sa Poligono Ind "el Mijares"
Current assignee: Sistemas Electro-Mecanicos Sa Poligono Ind "el Mijares"
Priority date: 1991-11-29
Filing date: 1992-03-10
Publication date: 1993-06-23

Abstract

Grinding and beveling machine designed and manufactured to square any type of ceramic material, stone, granite, marbles and the like, comprising a tie-up system of the material between two belts (3,4), the workpiece access and continuous advance being allowed without relative movement of the workpieces during their transport. The grinding system comprises some grinders (8) and bevelers (9) mutually opposed, in this way both are concurrently operating and controlling the grinding to be parallel, some mechanical slides (7) are also provided with which the wear of the teeth or stones used for the grinding can be ground. The function of this machine is to improve any workpiece which had been deformed during its processing and for this the machine is provided with some work locators (5,3) which both at a first stage and at a subsequent stage are technically designed to locate the workpieces and grind these shape variations in the workpiece to be processed. This machine does piecemeal grinding in continuous advance, thereby allowing correction of the material position at both sides and at the second stage, a correction of the grinding operation on the sides so that the quadrature of the workpiece reamins perfectly ground.

Description

The present Invention Patent application refers to a grinding and beveling machine exhibiting remarkable advantages and innovations as opposed to those presently used with equal or similar purposes.
More particularly in the present invention has been devised a machine designed and manufactured based on the requirements that some products have in view of the strain sustained in their manufacturing processes. These products are compact stoneware, porcelain stoneware, ceramic stoneware, all them used for floorings and porous stoneware for coverings.
Said materials while being processed, its pressing and compacting differences, granulometry variations in the performance processes of raw materials and subsequent cooking undergo measurement and quadrature strains being classified now in the ceramic field according to their dimension and off-square for subsequent location.
This machine has been designed based on these requirements and more particularly for these strained materials.
The prior art machines to perform this kind of work are not that similar at all as related to this new technique, they are used and bidden from the marble sector and when the material comes on for the grinding operation, this material is practically already at measure and squared since it arrives from a perfectly squared cutting machine.
The grinding and beveling machine, object of the present invention, ties up the material for continuous transport between two belts because it has to remove much more material and in this case even harder, whereas the present machines do not tie up the material, instead they only are transporting the material on a belt or band.
The proposed machine at its first stage centers the material used since its sides become quite differently strained from the remaining machines which do not mechanically center the material, instead they only guide the material using steel side guides. The new machine both at first and at a second stage centers the workpiece and guides are not used at all because workpieces are held well tied-up.
Tne present invention's machine at the second stage centers and squares the workpiece based on the two faces already ground and performs this operation piecemeal. The other machines do not either center nor square, the workpiece is only guided quite differently from the new machine which squares piecemeal whereas the prior art machines guide the workpiece and push themselves against, so the workpieces are not duly squared.
Definitely, the present invention's machine ties up the material and works it piecemeal, centers it also piecemeal and at the second atage centers and squares it piecemeal and all that is achieved in a continuous cycle whereas the conventional machines, even also working in a continuous cycle, do not either tie-up, square, center and not even run piecemeal operations.
To facilitate a detailed description of the present invention, reference shall be made to the attached drawings wherein is illustrated by way of a non-exhaustive example, a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings:

Figures 1 and 2 show respective side views of the grinding and beveling machine.
Figure 3 show a detail of the machine.

Returning again to the figures, it is illustrated in the preferred embodiment a grinding and beveling machine as being manufactured for grinding and beveling ceramic materials such as stone, granite and marbles, its function to be the grinding of both sides of the material, by leaving them to the required dimension whet her the workpiece is squared or rectangular.
The machine is manufacturated on a wide flanged double-T-shaped structure -1- assisted by 15 mm planes at its upper side for machining and grinding, this surface remaining perfectly flat and all its holes parallel at both sides to fit heads.
Bedframe width and length remain contingent to the requirements specified in the material to be worked. Depending on the formats, the bedframe -1- will be more or less wide; said bedframe will lengthwardly be subordinated to the material depending on its hardness and quality and production specifications. The more requirements in all these specifications, the more number of heads shall be incorporated to the bedframe -1-; therefore the latter shall always be longer in these cases.
All this construction of the bedframe-1-, whichever the cases, will always have its first stage equal to the second one.
Said machine comprises two parts. the first is the one designed for guiding and beveling two sides of the workpiece, being the workpiece collected at the beginning of the machine and centered by a mechanical and electronic mechanism which function is to locate all the workpieces and always the two sides which are to be ground and beveled. This work locator -5- will perform two centerings, at the two ends of the workpiece, leaving it squared for introduction into the machine and they will remain perfectly squared and dimensioned so that the right and left-hand grinders -8- tear off the same quantity of material.
Subsequent to this first stage of the machine, a workpiece rotator-12- will be incorporated with a 90Q degrees rotation or any other required degrees if the workpieces are not squared, the two earlier ground sides remain at a front position in the access for the second stage.
This machine's second stage consists in the grinding and beveling of the two remaining sides of the workpiece, with the difference that the machine's work locator -13- must perform the same function shown for the first stage -5- as regards to centering the two remaining sides of the workpiece.
In turn, this same work locator -13- will perform a longitudinal motion and bear the workpiece against the rear ground side and on the workpiece's quadrature adjusting slippers which in turn will be operated as a support for inserting the workpiece inside the machine, until being fully fixed and tied up for transport in the grinding operation. This work locator-13-is essential for machine operations since through side centerings, aligning the quadrature slippers with the workpiece, and introduction inside the machine, a perfect quadrature will be achieved. The motions of this work locator -13- are driven by electronic and pneumatic mechanism, all them interlocked for their perfect operation.
These work locators -5-, -13- at its first stage (static work locator) (5) and at its second stage (movable work locator) (13), the transversal shiftings and also the longitudinal shiftings are manufacturated as ground and quenched guides which shifting is made by sealed bearings driven by pneumatic pistons.
The slipper adjustment for the quadrature fitting is manufactured on a grooved shaft so that any possible variation errors could be avoided by making a rotation to provide support and abutting to the workpieces.
Said work locators -5- and -13- will perform its operation by acting on a single piece at each motion.
Workpiece pulling and transport, both at the first as in the second stage is performed through a double conveying belt -3- and -4-, the workpiece remaining tied up between the two belts, the lower or base belt-3- PVC manufactrured at its upper side engraved with a seizing pattern and its body and bottom with polyester and polyester nets, the workpiece base and transport stresses being loaded on said belt, an upper belt-4- manufactured with the same specifications as the lower belt-3- and being externally covered with Linatex. Its function by means of the soft Linatex covering is to held up and press the workpiece on the lower belt-3-, being this belt--3- fixed and the upper belt -4- adjustable, for pressure through mechanical spindles. These belts -3- and -4- will be driven and pulled by variable speed motoreducing motors -2-, which in turn will have the bottom belt fixed and the upper belt adjustable so that the material can thus be pressed. Pulling of both belts will be at the same linear speed, for both the bottom and upper belts.
These belts -3- and -4- will be shifted on a perfectly flat base -6-, both the bottom and upper belts, this base being PVP covered to ease its shifting; in turn said belts -3- and -4- will be guided along their pitch line, both the bottom and upper belts, on two cured side guides at the own belts and inwardly, whereas both the base and the drums will be machined and adjusted for the shifting and guiding of said belts.
The grinders-8- and the bevelers -9- are fitted by units on a fixed adjusting base -6-, both the grinder - 8- and the beveler -9-, the latter however having a vertically 45° degrees base for t he beveling operation whereas in turn on these bases are fitted the linear slides -7- for adjustment and being manufactured with anticorrosive and oil-bathed materials for their protection.
The manufacture of this slide -7- comprises two aluminium plates constructed with 4.5 to 5% magnesium to avoid any corrosion and among them an adjustable solid body is formed using two dovetails at the end of each plate. the bottom or base plate being male and the upper and motor base being the female. They are shifted by means of a stainless steel spindle and bronze nut to avoid any clogging of this mechanism. This slide -7- is protected with a lower and internal tray while concurrently said slide -7- is in turn located inwardly to have it oil-bathed while an external and upper tray prevents any possible water splashes on this mechanism, thereby a perfect operation is thus obtained.
The function of these slides -7- is to adjust and correct any wear differences detected in the diamonds or stones to be used in the operating and processing of said machine.These diamonds and stones are directly fitted to the motor designed and manufactured for this function, the motor power rating limiting however the stress to be encountered. Any turns number will be specified according to the diamonds and stones used.
Switchboards are manufactured as per any standards specified at the time and to the requirements of the function of said machine as regards to safety, being all them located off reach of any wet environment. both its power and driving -11- being all them well protected with the electrical components specified at the time by the Ministry of Industry, for selling both in the domestic market and abroad.
This machine is designed to individually switch off each grinder-8- or beveler-9- to the full, just to put up the utmost safety in its handling or eventual failure.
Finally, the machine is manufactured with a water circuit -10- for cooling the diamonds and stones, all that duly protected with an individual pressure for each grinder -8- and beveler -9- with its individual switching off and cancellation.
The present invention within its essentially can practically be carried out in other ways of embodiment differing only in detail from the one shown herein by way of example in the description and to which these other embodiments will also be reached the protection being sought after here. Therefore, the present invention can be manufactured in any shape and size with the most suitable materials available, since all that is included in the scope of the claims.

Claims

1.- Grinding and beveling machine designed and manufactured to square any type of ceramic material, stone, granite, marbles and the like, essentially characterized in that it comprises a perfect tie-up system of the material between two belts, one fixed and another movable, the workpiece access and continuous advance being allowed without moving the workpieces during their transport; the grinding system comprising some grinders and bevelers mutually opposed and concurrently operating and assisting so that the grinding to be parallel; and in that the machine exhibits some electromechanical mechanisms making making up respective work locators which both at a first stage and in a subsequent stage are technically designed to locate the workpiece and grind any possible dimensioning strains which the former might have undergone during its processing.

2.- Grinding and beveling machine, according to the previous claim, characterized in that a continuous advance piecemeal grinding has been provided, allowing to correct the material position at both sides and at the second stage to correct its grinding on the sides so that in this way the workpiece quadrature can perfectly be ground.

3.- Grinding and beveling machine, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises some mechanical slides suitably arranged to grind any wear of the diamonds or stones being used in the grinding operation.