EP0547458B1 - Funkalarmanlage - Google Patents

Funkalarmanlage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0547458B1
EP0547458B1 EP92120806A EP92120806A EP0547458B1 EP 0547458 B1 EP0547458 B1 EP 0547458B1 EP 92120806 A EP92120806 A EP 92120806A EP 92120806 A EP92120806 A EP 92120806A EP 0547458 B1 EP0547458 B1 EP 0547458B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radio
signal
code
alarm
central unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92120806A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0547458A1 (de
Inventor
Willi Päffgen
Norbert Dipl.-Ing. Schaaf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Verwaltungs Stiftung
Original Assignee
Diehl GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Diehl GmbH and Co filed Critical Diehl GmbH and Co
Publication of EP0547458A1 publication Critical patent/EP0547458A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0547458B1 publication Critical patent/EP0547458B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/16—Security signalling or alarm systems, e.g. redundant systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems

Definitions

  • Alarm systems or alarm systems are used to secure and monitor buildings, objects or the like.
  • Alarm systems or systems of this type such as are described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,511,887 or US Pat. No. 4,603,325, consist in any case of a control center, the so-called alarm center, and various detectors, such as opening detectors or motion detectors and the so-called alarm transmitters, such as outdoor and indoor sirens or strobe lights.
  • transmission facilities are part of such systems, which in the event of a report forward the information via telephone lines to a constantly manned security service or to police stations.
  • the alarm centers with the respective detectors, arming devices and alarm devices form a self-contained unit with functionally coordinated system components, which guarantee the function maintenance of the system in any case and at the same time prevent tampering from unauthorized parties, even from outside the closed system. can be made.
  • manipulation from the outside is impossible or very difficult if all system components with the exception of the alarm device, the external siren and strobe lights are located within the enclosed space. Tampering with the external system parts is also very difficult since the housings of the alarm devices are secured by tamper contacts or similar signaling devices that respond to unauthorized manipulation. This applies without restriction to wired alarm systems.
  • the radio alarm center consists of the control unit 20a, a voltage supply device 20b, a radio receiver 20c and a radio transmitter 20d.
  • An infrared motion detector 21a is connected to a voltage supply device 21b and to a radio transmitter 21c.
  • the motion detector 21a issues a control command to the radio transmitter 21c.
  • the latter then sends a so-called data telegram to the radio receiver 20c.
  • the wireless alarm center handles the further processing.
  • an opening contact 22a for example on a door, which is connected to a voltage supply device 22b and a radio transmitter 22c.
  • a bolt switch lock 23a is used, which is connected to a mechanical blocking element 23e, a radio transmitter 23c, control electronics 23d and a voltage supply device 23b.
  • a radio pulse is emitted to the radio receiver 20c of the alarm center via the radio transmitter 23c, whereupon the system is activated.
  • a telephone dialing device 24a is provided, which is connected to a radio receiver 24c, a voltage supply device 24b (for example a power supply unit with a battery emergency power supply) and to a radio transmitter 24d.
  • the central station controls the radio transmitter 20d, which emits a radio signal to the radio receiver 24c.
  • This radio receiver 24c controls the telephone dialer 24a via an output. The same applies to the radio transmitter 24d: this transmits a sabotage message to the radio receiver 20c of the alarm center.
  • an external siren 25a is provided, which is connected to control electronics 25d, a voltage supply device 25b, a radio receiver 25c and a radio transmitter 25e.
  • the external siren 25a receives a signal via the radio transmitter 20d and the receiver 25c.
  • the receiver 25c controls the external siren 25a via the control electronics 25d.
  • the radio transmitter 25e is used to transmit a sabotage message to the radio receiver 20c of the alarm center.
  • a detector 30 opens or closes its alarm contact and thus controls a switching logic 31.
  • a fixed coding which is set, for example, with dip-switch switches or can also be hard-wired, is modulated together with the switching states in a modulation stage 34 and via the transmitter 35 as already mentioned data telegram sent.
  • This data telegram is received by the receiver 36 and demodulated in the demodulation stage 41.
  • the switching logic 42 controls the outputs 38, 39 or 40, for example.
  • 10 bits are used for transmitter identification (coding), so that 1024 codings are possible.
  • the alarm system according to US Pat. No. 4,511,887 can also be operated as a two-way system, the control center sending out a request signal which is answered by the addressed detector after a period of time which characterizes it.
  • Such a request signal is also known from US-A-4,477,800.
  • the radio alarm system consists of a control center which has a receiving unit, a computer unit and a transmitting unit, and at least one detector which has a transmitting unit, a computer unit, a reporting unit and a receiving unit.
  • the signaling unit can be a motion detector, for example.
  • the reception unit of the control center is matched to the radio signal or radio signals of the transmitter unit of the detector and accordingly the reception unit of the detector to the radio signal or radio signals of the transmitter unit of the control center.
  • the transmitter unit of the detector sends a first radio signal to the control center.
  • the signal is received by their receiving unit, whereupon the central unit triggers the generation of a request signal for the detector to repeat the first radio signal.
  • a random generator generates a code in the control center, which code is stored in the memory of the processing unit of the control center and is used for the signal form and the signal content of the radio signal representing the request signal. The latter is then emitted by the central control unit.
  • the radio signal emitted by the control center is received by the detector's receiving unit and passed on to its computer unit, whereupon the latter prepares the repeat signal of the first radio signal using or processing the code received by the control center.
  • the transmitter unit of the detector then emits the repeat signal to the control center.
  • the reception unit of the control center then receives the repeat signal and forwards it to the computer unit, in which the received code is filtered out of the signal and compared with the code previously stored in its memory. If the received code differs from the stored code, a fault alarm signal is generated by the control center, whereas if both codes are identical, the message is processed in accordance with its content and the status of the control center, since it is then certain that the message has not occurred arbitrarily or accidentally.
  • the radio alarm system according to the invention is therefore excluded in that the request signal for repetition of the first radio signal is given a randomly selected code by the detector, which code is sent back by the detector in the repeat signal back to the control center, in which the correspondence of the received code with the expected code is checked. It is of no use in a manipulation attempt, for example to receive the request signal from the control center from the outside with a high level of technical complexity and to generate a corresponding repetition signal, since the time period for determining and evaluating as well as for generating such a signal is much too long to be confirmed - or to send a repeat signal before the system's own detector has already done so. The control center will issue a different code for the next message event.
  • the security of the system can be increased further in that the random generator generates a number as a code with which an algorithm function stored in the computer unit of the central unit is calculated and the result of this calculation is stored in the memory of this computer unit of the central unit.
  • the code is again transmitted to the detector with the request signal for repeating the first radio signal, in whose computer unit the same algorhithmic function is stored with which the received function is used to calculate the same function.
  • the result is radioed to the control center together with the repeat signal of the first radio signal.
  • the central processing unit then compares the calculation result with the result stored in it.
  • the algorithmic function itself can also be the result of a random process, which further increases security.
  • the coefficients of a polynomial can first be generated by the random generator.
  • the code can also be a sequence of alphanumeric characters, with depths of up to 100 bits being technically feasible without any problems.
  • the code can precede the data telegrams contained in the radio signals or, alternatively, the code itself can influence the structure of the data telegrams contained in the radio signals, for example by convolution, multiplication or the like.
  • the incoming message from a detector is first processed by the control center in the manner described. All other incoming messages are buffered and processed one after the other.
  • the detector does not receive a request signal from the control center for repeating the radio signal which it first emits, then, according to an advantageous development, it again sends its first radio signal within a certain time interval. This can be repeated until a request signal from the control center is registered in the detector.
  • the control center requests the detector for the second time to send a repeat signal to the control center, which has previously sent a message to the control center.
  • the control center sends a new code in order to exclude the possibility of manipulation by analyzing the first request signal and by simulating a corresponding repetition signal. If the newly requested repeat signal fails to appear, the control center must assume that an attempt to tamper with an identical detector has been attempted, which is why the control center then - if it is armed - for example an alarm message or - if it is unset - for Example triggers a fault message.
  • control center can assume that the detector is defective and proceed in the same way as it would if a manipulation attempt were accepted.
  • the control center informs the detector of its switching state by means of a radio signal, that is to say whether it is switched on or off.
  • An identification code can be assigned to each detector, which is also transmitted with each radio signal. This identification code is then stored in advance in the memory of the computer unit of the control center during the commissioning of the system.
  • a radio signal is received from a detector, the belonging of the detector to the radio alarm system is checked by comparing the incoming identification code with the stored identification code. If the two codes are not identical, a corresponding signal is triggered, which indicates this fact.
  • the identification code specific to each detector can also be used for coding the repetition signal, for example in such a way that the identification code specifically processes the random code received from the control center.
  • the identification code could specify the coefficients of a polynomial to be calculated.
  • the identification code of each detector stored in the control center can be sent with the request signal from the control center to the addressed detector, so that the corresponding detector "knows" that only it is addressed.
  • the radio alarm system consists of a control center 1 with the integrated components receiving unit 2, computing unit 3 and transmitting unit 8.
  • the detector 4 has the components reporting unit 5, computing unit 6, transmitting unit 7 and receiving unit 12.
  • a differentiated temperature change is ascertained by the signaling unit 5, for example a passive infrared motion detector, according to its physical mode of operation, this message is passed on to the computer unit 6 and processed by it, a data telegram is prepared and the modulation is then prepared for the transmission unit 7 .
  • the transmitting unit 7 then sends a data telegram to the receiving unit 2 of the control center 1.
  • the receiving unit 2 receives this data telegram and forwards it to the computer unit 3 of the control center 1, where it is processed and evaluated.
  • the computer unit 3 randomly determines a number or a sequence of numbers, compiles a data telegram and carries out the modulation for the transmission unit 8 and then sends a request signal for repeating the first radio signal to the detector 4.
  • This request signal is received by the receiving unit 12 of the detector 4 and processed in the computer unit 6, the The number or sequence of numbers supplied, which was generated at random by the computer unit in the control center, is used to be used in an algorhithmic function that has been programmed into the computer unit 6, the computer unit 6 performing this algorhithmic function with the aid of this number resolves and includes the result in the confirmation message sent by the transmitter unit 7. Since the computer unit 3 of the central unit 1 has programmed the same algorithmic function and has already carried out the same calculation and has stored the result in a memory, this computer unit 3 expects a defined one-time data telegram from the detector, including the number previously sent.
  • a sequence of numbers or a sequence of letters can also be programmed into the computer unit, so that the number which is determined by the computer unit purely by chance indicates, for example, a position or number in a programmed sequence of numbers or letters.
  • the number that was determined by the computer unit 3 at random can also continue to be used to change the bit sequence of the data telegram, which is generated by the computer unit 6 of the detector, according to certain predetermined patterns.
  • the simplest way of using the number determined by the computer unit 3 of the control center 1 by random principle is to have the number used directly by the computer unit 6 of the detector.
  • a first radio signal is sent from the detector 4 to the control center 1 on the radio link 9.
  • the request signal is transmitted from the control center 1 on the radio link 10 to repeat the first radio signal from the detector 4.
  • the radio link 11 is provided for transmitting the repetition signal of the first radio signal from the detector to the control center.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
EP92120806A 1991-12-12 1992-12-05 Funkalarmanlage Expired - Lifetime EP0547458B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4141035 1991-12-12
DE4141035A DE4141035C1 (es) 1991-12-12 1991-12-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0547458A1 EP0547458A1 (de) 1993-06-23
EP0547458B1 true EP0547458B1 (de) 1997-05-21

Family

ID=6446911

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92120806A Expired - Lifetime EP0547458B1 (de) 1991-12-12 1992-12-05 Funkalarmanlage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0547458B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE153466T1 (es)
DE (1) DE4141035C1 (es)
ES (1) ES2101788T3 (es)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4310690C2 (de) * 1993-04-01 1998-07-02 Lempe Wilfried Einrichtung zum Sichern von Kraftfahrzeugen gegen Einbruch und Diebstahl
FR2708774A1 (fr) * 1993-08-05 1995-02-10 Guillo Jean Dispositif de sécurité à liaison radio bi-directionnelle.
DE4344120C1 (de) * 1993-12-23 1994-12-08 Grundig Emv Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Störsicherheit einer Funkalarmanlage
DE4417632C2 (de) * 1994-05-19 1998-10-22 Diehl Stiftung & Co Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Funkalarmanlage
DE4426653A1 (de) * 1994-07-15 1996-01-18 Funkwerk Dabendorf Gmbh Mobiles, funkgesteuertes Alarmsystem
FR2729239B1 (fr) * 1995-01-10 1997-04-04 Sgs Thomson Microelectronics Systeme de protection de biens contre le vol
DE19517037A1 (de) * 1995-05-10 1996-11-14 Telenot Electronic Gmbh Funk-Alarmanlage

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3713142A (en) * 1972-01-17 1973-01-23 Signatron Alarm system
DE2811358A1 (de) * 1978-03-16 1979-09-27 Merk Gmbh Telefonbau Fried Schaltungsanordnung fuer gefahrenmeldeanlagen
SE7803437L (sv) * 1978-03-28 1979-09-29 Saab Scania Ab Forfarande for att vid en anleggning vars enheter er sammanbundna medelst en kommunikationsledning for informationsberande signaler, kontinuerligt overvaka tillstandet for de till kommunikationsledningen anslutna ...
US4511887A (en) * 1981-09-14 1985-04-16 Radionics, Inc. Long range wireless alarm monitoring system
US4477800A (en) * 1981-12-07 1984-10-16 General Instrument Corporation Security system
GB2124002B (en) * 1982-06-30 1986-04-16 Secom Co Ltd A portable emergency-indicating apparatus
AU565801B2 (en) * 1983-10-19 1987-10-01 Vital Communications Pty. Ltd. Radio alarm system
US4603325A (en) * 1984-06-05 1986-07-29 Pittway Corporation Evaluation apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4141035C1 (es) 1992-12-17
ES2101788T3 (es) 1997-07-16
ATE153466T1 (de) 1997-06-15
EP0547458A1 (de) 1993-06-23

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