EP0546459B1 - Oil pressure switch - Google Patents

Oil pressure switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0546459B1
EP0546459B1 EP92120688A EP92120688A EP0546459B1 EP 0546459 B1 EP0546459 B1 EP 0546459B1 EP 92120688 A EP92120688 A EP 92120688A EP 92120688 A EP92120688 A EP 92120688A EP 0546459 B1 EP0546459 B1 EP 0546459B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
control slide
pressure
pressure switch
slide valve
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP92120688A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0546459A1 (en
Inventor
Max Lüftl
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Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG
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Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0546459A1 publication Critical patent/EP0546459A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/18Indicating or safety devices
    • F01M1/20Indicating or safety devices concerning lubricant pressure
    • F01M1/22Indicating or safety devices concerning lubricant pressure rendering machines or engines inoperative or idling on pressure failure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oil pressure switch for oil-lubricated engines with a hydraulic work space that can be hydraulically connected to the pressure oil system via a pressure oil inlet, a work element that is biased by means of a spring against the pressure in the hydraulic work space, and a switching element that is coupled to the work element (see DE-A-1115523).
  • Such oil pressure switches are used to switch off the engine when the pressure in the lubricating oil system drops below a permissible value, or at least to indicate the pressure drop via a control lamp.
  • known pressure oil switches are constructed in such a way that the hydraulic working space limited on one side by the working element, in particular a membrane or a piston, is connected to the pressure side of the pressure oil system via the pressure oil inlet. The same pressure is therefore present in the hydraulic work space as at the outlet of the lubricating oil pump.
  • the oil pressure switch, in particular the spring for biasing the working element against the Pressure in the hydraulic work space is designed so that the work element is displaced against the force of the spring when the pressure in the hydraulic work space exceeds a predetermined limit pressure.
  • the movement of the working element is transmitted to the switching element coupled to it; in the event that a fuel shut-off valve is provided as the switching element, it is open when the pressure in the hydraulic work space exceeds the predetermined limit pressure, whereas the fuel valve is closed as long as the pressure in the hydraulic work space is below the predetermined limit pressure.
  • known oil pressure switches are unsatisfactory, especially when used on engines which are operated over a wide speed range. Because while on the one hand the pressure and the throughput in the pressure oil system increase with increasing speed of the pressure oil pump and on the other hand the minimum pressure in the pressure oil system, which is required for damage-free operation of the engine, also depends on the engine speed, known oil pressure switches always switch at the same pressure in the pressure oil system. After the known Oil pressure switch can therefore not take into account the fact that the oil pressure that arises in the damage-free pressure oil system increases with increasing engine speed, the limit pressure at which the oil pressure switch switches must be set so low that the engine is not yet switched off even at minimum speed.
  • the limit pressure of the oil pressure switch is set so that it is below the pressure that is set in a damage-free pressure oil system at the minimum engine speed.
  • the minimum pressure in the lubricating oil system which is required for damage-free operation of the engine at high speeds, is greater than the normal operating pressure in the pressure oil system when the engine is idling, the engine can be damaged if the pressure in the engine is damaged at high engine speeds Pressure oil system drops below the minimum pressure required for damage-free operation at the corresponding speed, but without falling to the set limit pressure. Because in this case the oil pressure switch does not respond.
  • Known oil pressure switches are therefore not able to reliably protect oil-lubricated engines in all operating states Protect damage caused by a drop in the lubricating oil pressure.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a generic oil pressure switch which, in all operating states of the engine, prevents its damage as a result of a drop in the lubricating oil pressure.
  • US-A-3 176 672 is also concerned with this task
  • a flow channel through which pressure oil can flow is provided, into which the pressure oil inlet of the hydraulic working space opens, and in the flow channel, between a rest position and a working position, a flow-through control slide is accommodated, which has a bore running in the longitudinal direction an inflow-side inflow opening and an outflow-side outflow opening which is smaller than the inflow opening and has a connecting opening on its circumference, the connecting opening of the control slide connecting the bore to the pressure oil inlet in its working position, and that the control slide by means of a Control spool spring is biased against the direction of flow of the pressure oil flowing through the bore of the control spool, so that in its rest position it releases a hydraulic connection of the pressure oil inlet with the flow channel in the flow direction behind the control spool.
  • the oil pressure switch according to the invention thus has an inlet with which it can be connected to the pressure side of the lubricating oil system, and an outlet through which the oil flowing through the oil pressure switch flows into an unpressurized area, especially into the sump. Since the oil flow through the oil pressure switch depends on the speed of the oil pump, the flow conditions within the oil pressure switch also depend on the oil pump speed and thus on the engine speed. In particular, the pressure conditions within the flow channel and within the bore of the control slide change depending on the oil throughput through the oil pressure switch as a result of the pressure losses dependent on the flow speed.
  • the characteristic curve of the oil pressure switch according to the invention depends in particular on the cross-sectional ratio of the inflow and outflow opening of the control slide and the characteristic of the control slide spring and is designed in individual cases depending on the characteristic which indicates the minimum lubricating oil pressure over the engine speed.
  • the oil pressure switch according to the invention works in such a way that the control spool is moved against the force of the control spool spring as the pressure in the pressure oil system rises as a result of the engine and the lubricating oil pump starting up until the connection opening sweeps over the pressure oil supply to the hydraulic work space and thus the hydraulic work space with the bore of the control spool hydraulic connects.
  • the hydraulic pressure prevailing in the bore of the control slide is acted upon by the hydraulic working chamber, and the working element is moved against the force of the spring that biases it and switches the switching element coupled to it. In this case, the spool takes up its working position.
  • the control slide moves due to the action of the control slide spring in the direction of its rest position until it assumes a new equilibrium state.
  • the equilibrium position of the control spool resulting from the prevailing pressure upstream of the oil pressure switch depends, as already explained, on the throughput of pressure oil through the oil pressure switch, in particular through the control spool, and is therefore a consequence of the engine speed. If the pressure in the pressure oil system falls below the limit pressure dependent on the throughput, the new equilibrium position is so far in the direction of the idle position of the control slide that the connection opening is no longer hydraulically connected to the pressure oil supply.
  • the distance between the connecting opening of the control slide and its end face on the outflow side is approximately the same size as the diameter of the pressure oil inlet. This ensures that the hydraulic working chamber is depressurized almost simultaneously with the interruption of the connection between the hydraulic working chamber and the bore of the control slide, by connecting the pressure oil inlet to the flow channel in the flow direction behind the control slide. This measure promotes the sudden response of the oil pressure switch; a flutter it is surely avoided.
  • the sudden switching of the oil pressure switch can be further promoted by the fact that, in the rest position of the control slide, its bore is connected to the rear of the working element via the connection opening and via a connection channel; as a result, the residual pressure in the lubricating oil system acts on the rear of the working element (piston, membrane or the like) and supports the spring when the working element is displaced in order to actuate the switching element.
  • the space behind the work item i.e. opposite the hydraulic working space is expediently connected to the flow channel in the flow direction behind the control slide via a relief channel.
  • a connection allows the volume enclosed on the rear side of the working element to be compensated for when the working element is displaced as a result of displacement of the oil present there.
  • a control sleeve is preferably provided, in which the flow channel runs and which receives the control slide and the control slide spring. With such a control sleeve the required openings and bores can be produced with less effort than directly in the housing of the oil pressure switch.
  • Such a control sleeve can also serve at the same time to fasten the oil pressure switch to the crankcase of the engine or at another suitable location, in that the control sleeve has an external thread on the portion protruding from the housing of the oil pressure switch, which screwed into an internal thread provided on the crankcase or the like becomes.
  • the same oil pressure switch housing can also be used in this case for different engines with different characteristics of the minimum lubricating oil pressure over the speed, and only the unit comprising the control sleeve, control slide and control slide spring, which is relevant for the characteristic of the oil pressure switch according to the invention, is adapted to the respective engine.
  • the oil pressure switch according to FIGS. 1 and 2 has a housing 1, comprising an upper part 1a and a lower part 1b. Both parts of the housing are connected to one another in that an edge 2 of the upper part is flanged in a manner that overlaps a peripheral edge 3 of the lower part.
  • a membrane 4 is arranged in the parting plane of the upper part and lower part. It is clamped along its circumference between opposing flat surfaces of the upper part and the lower part.
  • the hydraulic working space 5 is located above the membrane, ie bounded by the membrane 4 and the upper part 1a of the housing.
  • the upper part 1 a of the housing is penetrated by the control sleeve 6.
  • This has an inlet 7 and an outlet 8 for the pressure oil, the pressure of which is to be monitored.
  • the control sleeve 6 On the inlet side, the control sleeve 6 has an external thread 9 and on the outlet side a collar 10.
  • the housing of the oil pressure switch can thus be mounted on a crankcase (not shown) by means of the control sleeve.
  • Two seals are provided for sealing, a first seal 11 between the upper part 1a of the housing and the crankcase (not shown) of the engine and a second seal 12 between the upper part 1a of the housing and the collar 10 of the control sleeve 6.
  • the control sleeve 6 is in the area which lies within the hydraulic working space 5, provided with a transverse bore 13 to form a pressure oil supply which connects the hydraulic working space 5 with the interior of the control sleeve 6, ie connects the flow channel for the pressure oil.
  • the control slide 14 is mounted inside the control sleeve 6 so as to be displaceable in the axial direction. It has a bore 15 running in its longitudinal direction with an inflow opening 16 and an outflow opening 17.
  • the inflow opening 16, measured in terms of its area, is approximately 4 times as large as the outflow opening 17.
  • the control slide 14 is pierced transversely to form two connecting openings 18 in the peripheral surface of the control slide.
  • the distance between the connecting openings 18 and the end face 19 of the control slide on the outflow side is slightly smaller than the diameter of the bores 13 in the control sleeve which represent the pressure oil inlet.
  • the control slide spring 21 is tensioned between the downstream face 19 of the control slide 14 and a shoulder 20 inside the control sleeve 6. Falling out of the control slide 14 from the control sleeve at its inlet end is prevented by the projections 22 provided in the inlet 7.
  • the control slide is secured against rotation about its longitudinal axis, so that the bores 13 of the control sleeve and the connecting openings 18 of the control slide are always in the same plane.
  • the working position (Fig. 2) of the control slide (14) is defined by a corresponding stop.
  • a pressure plate 23 is provided, which is fastened on a plunger 24, which is guided in a vertically displaceable manner in the lower part 1b of the housing.
  • the stamp serves to couple the membrane 4, which represents the working element, to the switching element, which is designed as a fuel cut-off valve.
  • an inlet connection 25, an outlet connection 26 and a valve chamber 27 are formed in the lower part 1b of the housing.
  • a pressure ring 28 is provided on the tappet 24, which presses the valve sealing ring 29 against the seat 30 in the locked position of the valve.
  • a compression spring 32 is clamped between the pressure ring 28 and the plug 31 closing the valve chamber 27.
  • This compression spring serves both to close the fuel valve and to bias the membrane 4 against the pressure in the hydraulic working space 5; the characteristic of the compression spring 32 is such that the pressure plate 23 and the plunger 24 are moved downward against the action of the compression spring 32 as soon as the pressure in the hydraulic working space exceeds 0.5 bar.
  • FIG. 1 shows the control spool 14 in its rest position, in which the hydraulic working space is connected via the bores 13 to the region of the flow channel which is behind the control spool 14 and is depressurized
  • FIG. 2 shows the control spool 14 in its working position, in which the hydraulic working chamber 5 is connected to the bore 15 of the control slide via the bores 13 of the control sleeve forming the pressure oil inlet and the connection openings 18 of the control slide.
  • the pressure prevailing in the bore of the control slide thus also acts in the hydraulic working space and presses the diaphragm 4, the pressure plate 23 and the tappet 24 down against the force of the compression spring 32 and opens the fuel valve.
  • the basic construction of the oil pressure switch according to FIGS. 3 and 4 corresponds to that according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a housing 1 is penetrated by a control sleeve 6, which receives a control slide 14 and a control slide spring 21.
  • the hydraulic work space 5 not around the control sleeve 6, but rather it is arranged in the housing 1 at a distance from the bore which receives the control sleeve 6.
  • the pressure oil supply which connects the hydraulic working chamber 5 with the flow channel inside the control sleeve, includes both the transverse bore 13 through the control slide and the bore 33 through the housing.
  • the working element is designed as a piston 34 which is guided in a cylindrical bore 35 in the housing 1.
  • the piston 34 is sealed against the bore 35 by a sealing ring 36.
  • the compression spring 32 acting on the piston 34 is arranged on the rear side thereof and is supported on the end wall 37 of the housing.
  • the space delimited by the piston 34, the cylindrical bore 35 and the end wall 37 of the housing on the rear side of the piston 34 is hydraulically connected to the flow channel downstream of the control slide regardless of the position of the control slide 14, specifically via the holes 38, 39 and 40, the annular groove 41 on the control sleeve, the bores 42, 43 and 44, the circumferential annular groove 45 on the Control sleeve 6 and the transverse bore 46 through the control sleeve.
  • the ends of the bores in the housing are each blocked, the plugs 47 and 48 which block the bores 39 and 43 being visible in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the flow path formed by the bores 38, 39 and 40 and the annular groove 41 also connects, in the rest position of the control slide shown in FIG.
  • valve housing 50 In the housing 1, the valve housing 50 is inserted, into which the feed connector 25 and the outlet connector 26 for the fuel opens. Inside the valve housing 50, two sealing sleeves 51 and 52 and a guide 53 for the tappet 24, which is connected to the piston 34, are arranged.
  • the Shut-off valve interrupts the fuel flow through the supply nozzle 25, the valve chamber 27 and the outflow nozzle 26 when the tappet 24 bears against the sealing sleeve 51 due to a drop in pressure in the hydraulic working chamber 5 and the action of the compression spring 32.
  • a start-up device can also be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, by means of which the fuel shut-off valve can be opened briefly manually in order to flood the injection pump.
  • a release lever 54 is provided in the hydraulic working space, which acts on the end face 55 of the piston 34.
  • the release lever 54 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the external actuating lever 56 via a shaft (not shown) which extends through the housing 1.
  • the actuating lever 56 is biased by a spring 57 into the position in which the piston 34 can move freely.
  • control slide 14 While the control slide 14 is in its rest position in FIG. 4 and thus releases a connection between the pressure oil inlet and the flow channel in the flow direction behind the control slide, so that the hydraulic working chamber 5 is depressurized, the control slide is in its working position according to FIG. 4.
  • the bore 15 in the interior of the control slide 14 is connected to the hydraulic working chamber 5 through the housing via the connecting openings 18 and the bores 13 in the control sleeve 6, the circumferential groove 58 and the bore 33 forming the pressure oil inlet.
  • the piston 34 is displaced to the left by the pressure in the hydraulic working space against the force of the compression spring 32, and the tappet 24, which is also displaced to the left, enables fuel to pass through the fuel shut-off valve.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Öldruckschalter für druckölgeschmierte Motoren mit einem über einen Druckölzulauf an das Druckölsystem hydraulisch anschließbaren hydraulischen Arbeitsraum, einem mittels einer Feder gegen den Druck im hydraulischen Arbeitsraum vorgespannten Arbeitselement und einem mit dem Arbeitselement gekoppelten Schaltelement (siehe DE-A-1115523).The present invention relates to an oil pressure switch for oil-lubricated engines with a hydraulic work space that can be hydraulically connected to the pressure oil system via a pressure oil inlet, a work element that is biased by means of a spring against the pressure in the hydraulic work space, and a switching element that is coupled to the work element (see DE-A-1115523).

Derartige Öldruckschalter dienen dazu, bei Absinken des Druckes im Schmierölsystem unter einen zulässigen Wert den Motor abzuschalten, zumindest aber über eine Kontrolleuchte den Druckabfall anzuzeigen. Dazu sind bekannte Druckölschalter in der Weise aufgebaut, daß der einseitig von dem Arbeitselement, insbesondere einer Membran oder einem Kolben begrenzte hydraulische Arbeitsraum über den Druckölzulauf an die Druckseite des Druckölsystems angeschlossen ist. In dem hydraulischen Arbeitsraum liegt somit der gleiche Druck vor wie am Ausgang der Schmierölpumpe. Der Öldruckschalter, insbesondere die Feder zur Vorspannung des Arbeitselementes gegen den Druck im hydraulischen Arbeitsraum ist dabei so ausgelegt, daß das Arbeitselement gegen die Kraft der Feder verschoben wird, wenn der Druck im hydraulischen Arbeitsraum einen vorgegebenen Grenzdruck überschreitet. Die Bewegung des Arbeitselementes wird auf das mit ihm gekoppelte Schaltelement übertragen; in dem Falle, daß als Schaltelement ein Kraftstoffabsperrventil vorgesehen ist, ist dieses geöffnet, wenn der Druck im hydraulischen Arbeitsraum den vorgegebenen Grenzdruck überschreitet, wohingegen das Kraftstoffventil geschlossen ist, solange der Druck im hydraulischen Arbeitsraum unterhalb des vorgegebenen Grenzdruckes liegt.Such oil pressure switches are used to switch off the engine when the pressure in the lubricating oil system drops below a permissible value, or at least to indicate the pressure drop via a control lamp. For this purpose, known pressure oil switches are constructed in such a way that the hydraulic working space limited on one side by the working element, in particular a membrane or a piston, is connected to the pressure side of the pressure oil system via the pressure oil inlet. The same pressure is therefore present in the hydraulic work space as at the outlet of the lubricating oil pump. The oil pressure switch, in particular the spring for biasing the working element against the Pressure in the hydraulic work space is designed so that the work element is displaced against the force of the spring when the pressure in the hydraulic work space exceeds a predetermined limit pressure. The movement of the working element is transmitted to the switching element coupled to it; in the event that a fuel shut-off valve is provided as the switching element, it is open when the pressure in the hydraulic work space exceeds the predetermined limit pressure, whereas the fuel valve is closed as long as the pressure in the hydraulic work space is below the predetermined limit pressure.

Die Funktion der bekannten Öldruckschalter ist insbesondere bei ihrer Verwendung an Motoren, welche über einen großen Drehzahlbereich betrieben werden, nicht zufriedenstellend. Denn während einerseits der Druck und der Durchsatz im Druckölsystem mit steigender Drehzahl der Druckölpumpe anwachsen und andererseits der Mindestdruck im Druckölsystem, welcher für einen schadenfreien Betrieb des Motors erforderlich ist, ebenfalls von der Motordrehzahl abhängig ist, schalten bekannte Öldruckschalter stets bei demselben Druck im Druckölsystem. Nachdem die bekannten Öldruckschalter somit der Tatsache, daß der sich im schadenfreien Druckölsystem einstellende Öldruck mit wachsender Motordrehzahl steigt, nicht Rechnung tragen können, muß der Grenzdruck, bei welchem der Öldruckschalter schaltet, so niedrig eingestellt werden, daß auch bei Minimaldrehzahl der Motor noch nicht ausgeschaltet wird. Das heißt, der Grenzdruck des Öldruckschalters wird so eingestellt, daß er unterhalb des Druckes liegt, welcher sich bei einem schadenfreien Druckölsystem bei Minimaldrehzahl des Motors einstellt. Nachdem jedoch der Mindestdruck im Schmierölsystem, der zum schadenfreien Betrieb des Motors bei hohen Drehzahlen erforderlich ist, größer ist als der normale Betriebsdruck im Druckölsystem bei unterem Leerlauf des Motors, kann der Motor somit Schaden nehmen, wenn bei hohen Drehzahlen infolge einer Leckage der Druck im Druckölsystem unter den bei der entsprechenden Drehzahl erforderlichen Mindestdruck für schadenfreien Betrieb absinkt, ohne jedoch auf den eingestellten Grenzdruck zu fallen. Denn in diesem Fall spricht der Öldruckschalter nicht an. Bekannte Öldruckschalter sind somit nicht in der Lage, druckölgeschmierte Motoren bei sämtlichen Betriebszuständen sicher vor Schäden infolge Absinkens des Schmieröldruckes zu schützen.The function of the known oil pressure switches is unsatisfactory, especially when used on engines which are operated over a wide speed range. Because while on the one hand the pressure and the throughput in the pressure oil system increase with increasing speed of the pressure oil pump and on the other hand the minimum pressure in the pressure oil system, which is required for damage-free operation of the engine, also depends on the engine speed, known oil pressure switches always switch at the same pressure in the pressure oil system. After the known Oil pressure switch can therefore not take into account the fact that the oil pressure that arises in the damage-free pressure oil system increases with increasing engine speed, the limit pressure at which the oil pressure switch switches must be set so low that the engine is not yet switched off even at minimum speed. That is, the limit pressure of the oil pressure switch is set so that it is below the pressure that is set in a damage-free pressure oil system at the minimum engine speed. However, since the minimum pressure in the lubricating oil system, which is required for damage-free operation of the engine at high speeds, is greater than the normal operating pressure in the pressure oil system when the engine is idling, the engine can be damaged if the pressure in the engine is damaged at high engine speeds Pressure oil system drops below the minimum pressure required for damage-free operation at the corresponding speed, but without falling to the set limit pressure. Because in this case the oil pressure switch does not respond. Known oil pressure switches are therefore not able to reliably protect oil-lubricated engines in all operating states Protect damage caused by a drop in the lubricating oil pressure.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgemäßen Öldruckschalter bereitzustellen, welcher bei sämtlichen Betriebszuständen des Motors dessen Beschädigung infolge Absinken des Schmieröldruckes verhindert. Mit dieser Aufgabe befaßt sich auch die US-A-3 176 672The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a generic oil pressure switch which, in all operating states of the engine, prevents its damage as a result of a drop in the lubricating oil pressure. US-A-3 176 672 is also concerned with this task

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß ein vom Drucköl durchströmbarer Strömungskanal vorgesehen ist, in welchen der Druckölzulauf des hydraulischen Arbeitsraumes mündet, daß in dem Strömungskanal, zwischen einer Ruhestellung und einer Arbeitsstellung längsverschieblich, ein durchströmbarer Steuerschieber aufgenommen ist, welcher eine in Längsrichtung verlaufende Bohrung mit einer zuflußseitigen Zuströmöffnung und einer abflußseitigen, gegenüber der Zuströmöffnung kleineren Abströmöffnung und auf seinem Umfang eine Verbindungsöffnung aufweist, wobei die Verbindungsöffnung des Steuerschiebers in dessen Arbeitsstellung die Bohrung mit dem Druckölzulauf verbindet, und daß der Steuerschieber mittels einer Steuerschieberfeder entgegen der Strömungsrichtung des die Bohrung des Steuerschiebers durchströmenden Drucköls vorgespannt ist, so daß er in seiner Ruhestellung eine hydraulische Verbindung des Druckölzulaufs mit dem Strömungskanal in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Steuerschieber freigibt. Anders als bekannte Öldruckschalter, welche einen einzigen Anschluß an den Schmierölkreislauf aufweisen und nicht vom Drucköl durchströmt sind, besitzt der erfindungsgemäße Öldruckschalter somit einen Zulauf, mit welchem er an die Druckseite des Schmierölsystems anschließbar ist, und einen Ablauf, durch welchen das den Öldruckschalter durchströmende Öl in einen drucklosen Bereich, insbesondere in den Sumpf abfließt. Nachdem der Öldurchfluß durch den Öldruckschalter von der Drehzahl der Ölpumpe abhängt, hängen auch die Strömungszustände innerhalb des Öldruckschalters von der Ölpumpendrehzahl und somit von der Motordrehzahl ab. Insbesondere verändern sich die Druckverhältnisse innerhalb des Strömungskanals und innerhalb der Bohrung des Steuerschiebers in Abhängigkeit von dem Öldurchsatz durch den Öldruckschalter infolge der von der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit abhängigen Druckverluste. Es wird somit zwischen dem Öldruck im hydraulischen Arbeitsraum des Öldruckschalters einerseits und dem Öldruck an der Stelle des Druckölsystems, an welcher der Öldruckschalter angeschlossen ist, andererseits eine von der Motordrehzahl abhängige Beziehung hergestellt. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß der Grenzdruck im hydraulischen Arbeitsraum, bei welchem das Arbeitselement das Schaltelement schaltet, bei hohen Motordrehzahlen größer ist als bei niedrigen Drehzahlen. Die Kennlinie des erfindungsgemäßen Öldruckschalters im einzelnen hängt dabei insbesondere von dem Querschnittsverhältnis der Zuströmöffnung und der Abströmöffnung des Steuerschiebers und der Kennlinie der Steuerschieberfeder ab und wird im Einzelfall je nach der Kennlinie, welche den Mindestschmieröldruck über der Motordrehzahl angibt, ausgelegt.This object is achieved in that a flow channel through which pressure oil can flow is provided, into which the pressure oil inlet of the hydraulic working space opens, and in the flow channel, between a rest position and a working position, a flow-through control slide is accommodated, which has a bore running in the longitudinal direction an inflow-side inflow opening and an outflow-side outflow opening which is smaller than the inflow opening and has a connecting opening on its circumference, the connecting opening of the control slide connecting the bore to the pressure oil inlet in its working position, and that the control slide by means of a Control spool spring is biased against the direction of flow of the pressure oil flowing through the bore of the control spool, so that in its rest position it releases a hydraulic connection of the pressure oil inlet with the flow channel in the flow direction behind the control spool. Unlike known oil pressure switches, which have a single connection to the lubricating oil circuit and are not flowed through by the pressure oil, the oil pressure switch according to the invention thus has an inlet with which it can be connected to the pressure side of the lubricating oil system, and an outlet through which the oil flowing through the oil pressure switch flows into an unpressurized area, especially into the sump. Since the oil flow through the oil pressure switch depends on the speed of the oil pump, the flow conditions within the oil pressure switch also depend on the oil pump speed and thus on the engine speed. In particular, the pressure conditions within the flow channel and within the bore of the control slide change depending on the oil throughput through the oil pressure switch as a result of the pressure losses dependent on the flow speed. It is therefore between the oil pressure in the hydraulic Working space of the oil pressure switch on the one hand and the oil pressure at the point of the pressure oil system to which the oil pressure switch is connected, on the other hand, a relationship dependent on the engine speed is established. This ensures that the limit pressure in the hydraulic work space, in which the working element switches the switching element, is greater at high engine speeds than at low speeds. The characteristic curve of the oil pressure switch according to the invention depends in particular on the cross-sectional ratio of the inflow and outflow opening of the control slide and the characteristic of the control slide spring and is designed in individual cases depending on the characteristic which indicates the minimum lubricating oil pressure over the engine speed.

Der erfindungsgemäße Öldruckschalter funktioniert in der Weise, daß der Steuerschieber bei ansteigendem Druck im Druckölsystem infolge Hochfahrens des Motors und der Schmierölpumpe entgegen der Kraft der Steuerschieberfeder verschoben wird, bis die Verbindungsöffnung den Druckölzulauf zum hydraulischen Arbeitsraum überstreicht und somit den hydraulischen Arbeitsraum mit der Bohrung des Steuerschiebers hydraulisch verbindet. Hierdurch wird der hydraulische Arbeitsraum mit dem in der Bohrung des Steuerschiebers herrschenden Öldruck beaufschlagt, und das Arbeitselement wird entgegen der Kraft der es vorspannenden Feder bewegt und schaltet das mit ihm gekoppelte Schaltelement. Der Steuerschieber nimmt in diesem Falle seine Arbeitsstellung ein. Sinkt der Druck im Druckölsystem vor dem Öldruckschalter, so verschiebt sich der Steuerschieber infolge der Wirkung der Steuerschieberfeder in Richtung auf seine Ruhestellung, bis er einen neuen Gleichgewichtszustand einnimmt. Die bei dem jeweils herrschenden Druck vor dem Öldruckschalter sich ergebende Gleichgewichtsstellung des Steuerschiebers hängt, wie bereits dargelegt, von dem Durchsatz an Drucköl durch den Öldruckschalter, insbesondere durch den Steuerschieber ab und ist somit eine Folge der Motordrehzahl. Unterschreitet der Druck im Druckölsystem den vom Durchsatz abhängigen Grenzdruck,liegt die neue Gleichgewichtsstellung soweit in Richtung auf die Ruhestellung des Steuerschiebers, daß die Verbindungsöffnung nicht mehr mit dem Druckölzulauf hydraulisch verbunden ist. Die hydraulische Verbindung des hydraulischen Arbeitsraumes mit der Bohrung des Steuerschiebers wird unterbrochen, so daß in dem hydraulischen Arbeitsraum nicht mehr der Schmieröldruck in der Bohrung des Steuerschiebers herrscht. Das Arbeitselement wird infolge der auf ihn wirkenden Feder verschoben und schaltet das Schaltelement. Bei einem entsprechend niedrigen Druck am Öldruckschalter nimmt der Steuerschieber seine Ruhestellung ein, in welcher der hydraulische Arbeitsraum mit dem Strömungskanal hinter dem Steuerschieber verbunden und somit drucklos ist.The oil pressure switch according to the invention works in such a way that the control spool is moved against the force of the control spool spring as the pressure in the pressure oil system rises as a result of the engine and the lubricating oil pump starting up until the connection opening sweeps over the pressure oil supply to the hydraulic work space and thus the hydraulic work space with the bore of the control spool hydraulic connects. As a result, the hydraulic pressure prevailing in the bore of the control slide is acted upon by the hydraulic working chamber, and the working element is moved against the force of the spring that biases it and switches the switching element coupled to it. In this case, the spool takes up its working position. If the pressure in the pressure oil system in front of the oil pressure switch drops, the control slide moves due to the action of the control slide spring in the direction of its rest position until it assumes a new equilibrium state. The equilibrium position of the control spool resulting from the prevailing pressure upstream of the oil pressure switch depends, as already explained, on the throughput of pressure oil through the oil pressure switch, in particular through the control spool, and is therefore a consequence of the engine speed. If the pressure in the pressure oil system falls below the limit pressure dependent on the throughput, the new equilibrium position is so far in the direction of the idle position of the control slide that the connection opening is no longer hydraulically connected to the pressure oil supply. The hydraulic connection of the hydraulic Working space with the bore of the control spool is interrupted, so that there is no longer the lubricating oil pressure in the bore of the control spool in the hydraulic working space. The working element is displaced as a result of the spring acting on it and switches the switching element. With a correspondingly low pressure at the oil pressure switch, the control slide assumes its rest position, in which the hydraulic working space is connected to the flow channel behind the control slide and is therefore depressurized.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Öldruckschalters ist der Abstand der Verbindungsöffnung des Steuerschiebers von dessen abflußseitiger Stirnfläche etwa von gleicher Größe wie der Durchmesser des Druckölzulaufs. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß nahezu gleichzeitig mit dem Unterbrechen der Verbindung zwischen dem hydraulischen Arbeitsraum und der Bohrung des Steuerschiebers der hydraulische Arbeitsraum drucklos gemacht wird, indem der Druckölzulauf mit dem Strömungskanal in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Steuerschieber verbunden wird. Diese Maßnahme fördert das schlagartige Ansprechen des Öldruckschalters; ein Flattern desselben wird sicher vermieden. Das schlagartige Schalten des Öldruckschalters kann weiterhin dadurch begünstigt werden, daß in der Ruhestellung des Steuerschiebers dessen Bohrung über die Verbindungsöfffnung und über einen Verbindungskanal mit der Rückseite des Arbeitselementes in Verbindung steht; hierdurch wirkt der Restdruck im Schmierölsystem auf die Rückseite des Arbeitselementes (Kolben, Membran oder dgl.) und unterstützt die Feder beim Verschieben des Arbeitselementes zur Betätigung des Schaltelementes.In a preferred embodiment of the oil pressure switch according to the invention, the distance between the connecting opening of the control slide and its end face on the outflow side is approximately the same size as the diameter of the pressure oil inlet. This ensures that the hydraulic working chamber is depressurized almost simultaneously with the interruption of the connection between the hydraulic working chamber and the bore of the control slide, by connecting the pressure oil inlet to the flow channel in the flow direction behind the control slide. This measure promotes the sudden response of the oil pressure switch; a flutter it is surely avoided. The sudden switching of the oil pressure switch can be further promoted by the fact that, in the rest position of the control slide, its bore is connected to the rear of the working element via the connection opening and via a connection channel; as a result, the residual pressure in the lubricating oil system acts on the rear of the working element (piston, membrane or the like) and supports the spring when the working element is displaced in order to actuate the switching element.

Der Raum hinter dem Arbeitselement, d.h. gegenüber dem hydraulischen Arbeitsraum ist zweckmäßigerweise über einen Entlastungskanal mit dem Strömungskanal in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Steuerschieber verbunden. Eine derartige Verbindung gestattet den Ausgleich des auf der Rückseite des Arbeitselementes eingeschlossenen Volumens bei der Verschiebung des Arbeitselementes infolge einer Verdrängung des dort vorhandenen Öls.The space behind the work item, i.e. opposite the hydraulic working space is expediently connected to the flow channel in the flow direction behind the control slide via a relief channel. Such a connection allows the volume enclosed on the rear side of the working element to be compensated for when the working element is displaced as a result of displacement of the oil present there.

Bevorzugt ist eine Steuerhülse vorgesehen, in welcher der Strömungskanal verläuft und welche den Steuerschieber und die Steuerschieberfeder aufnimmt. Bei einer derartigen Steuerhülse sind die erforderlichen Öffnungen und Bohrungen mit geringerem Aufwand herzustellen als unmittelbar in dem Gehäuse des Öldruckschalters. Eine derartige Steuerhülse kann zudem gleichzeitig der Befestigung des Öldruckschalters an dem Kurbelgehäuse des Motors oder an einer anderen geeigneten Stelle dienen, indem die Steuerhülse an dem aus dem Gehäuse des Öldruckschalters herausragenden Abschnitt ein Außengewinde aufweist, welches in ein am Kurbelgehäuse oder dgl. vorgesehenes Innengewinde eingeschraubt wird. Zudem kann in diesem Falle auch für verschiedene Motoren mit unterschiedlichen Charakteristiken des Mindest-Schmieröldruckes über der Drehzahl dasselbe Öldruckschaltergehäuse verwendet werden, und es wird lediglich die für die Charakteristik des erfindungsgemäßen Öldruckschalters maßgebliche Einheit aus Steuerhülse, Steuerschieber und Steuerschieberfeder an den jeweiligen Motor angepaßt.A control sleeve is preferably provided, in which the flow channel runs and which receives the control slide and the control slide spring. With such a control sleeve the required openings and bores can be produced with less effort than directly in the housing of the oil pressure switch. Such a control sleeve can also serve at the same time to fasten the oil pressure switch to the crankcase of the engine or at another suitable location, in that the control sleeve has an external thread on the portion protruding from the housing of the oil pressure switch, which screwed into an internal thread provided on the crankcase or the like becomes. In addition, the same oil pressure switch housing can also be used in this case for different engines with different characteristics of the minimum lubricating oil pressure over the speed, and only the unit comprising the control sleeve, control slide and control slide spring, which is relevant for the characteristic of the oil pressure switch according to the invention, is adapted to the respective engine.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Öldruckschalters, wobei sich der Steuerschieber in seiner Ruhestellung befindet,
Fig. 2
einen Längsschnitt gemäß Fig. 1, wobei sich der Steuerschieber in seiner Arbeitsstellung befindet,
Fig. 3
einen Längsschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Öldruckschalters, wobei sich der Steuerschieber in seiner Ruhestellung befindet und
Fig. 4
den Schnitt gemäß Fig. 3, wobei sich der Steuerschieber in seiner Arbeitsstellung befindet.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the oil pressure switch according to the invention, the Control spool is in its rest position,
Fig. 2
2 shows a longitudinal section according to FIG. 1, the control slide being in its working position,
Fig. 3
a longitudinal section through a second embodiment of the oil pressure switch according to the invention, wherein the control slide is in its rest position and
Fig. 4
the section of FIG. 3, wherein the spool is in its working position.

Der Öldruckschalter gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 besitzt ein Gehäuse 1, umfassend ein Oberteil 1a und ein Unterteil 1b. Beide Teile des Gehäuses werden dadurch miteinander verbunden, daß ein Rand 2 des Oberteils in einer eine umlaufende Kante 3 des Unterteils übergreifenden Weise umgebördelt wird. In der Trennebene von Oberteil und Unterteil ist eine Membran 4 angeordnet. Sie ist längs ihres Umfangs zwischen einander gegenüberliegenden ebenen Flächen des Oberteils und des Unterteils eingespannt. Oberhalb der Membran, d.h. umgrenzt von der Membran 4 und dem Oberteil 1a des Gehäuses befindet sich der hydraulische Arbeitsraum 5.The oil pressure switch according to FIGS. 1 and 2 has a housing 1, comprising an upper part 1a and a lower part 1b. Both parts of the housing are connected to one another in that an edge 2 of the upper part is flanged in a manner that overlaps a peripheral edge 3 of the lower part. A membrane 4 is arranged in the parting plane of the upper part and lower part. It is clamped along its circumference between opposing flat surfaces of the upper part and the lower part. The hydraulic working space 5 is located above the membrane, ie bounded by the membrane 4 and the upper part 1a of the housing.

Das Oberteil 1a des Gehäuses ist von der Steuerhülse 6 durchsetzt. Diese besitzt einen Zulauf 7 und einen Ablauf 8 für das Drucköl, dessen Druck zu überwachen ist. Zulaufseitig weist die Steuerhülse 6 ein Außengewinde 9 auf und ablaufseitig einen Bund 10. Somit kann das Gehäuse des Öldruckschalters mittels der Steuerhülse an einem - nicht dargestellten - Kurbelgehäuse montiert werden. Zur Abdichtung sind dabei zwei Dichtungen vorgesehen, eine erste Dichtung 11 zwischen dem Oberteil 1a des Gehäuses und dem - nicht dargestellten - Kurbelgehäuse des Motors und eine zweite Dichtung 12 zwischen dem Oberteil 1a des Gehäuses und dem Bund 10 der Steuerhülse 6. Die Steuerhülse 6 ist in dem Bereich, welcher innerhalb des hydraulischen Arbeitsraumes 5 liegt, mit einer Querbohrung 13 versehen zur Bildung eines Druckölzulaufs, welcher den hydraulischen Arbeitsraum 5 mit dem Inneren der Steuerhülse 6, d.h. den Strömungskanal für das Drucköl verbindet.The upper part 1 a of the housing is penetrated by the control sleeve 6. This has an inlet 7 and an outlet 8 for the pressure oil, the pressure of which is to be monitored. On the inlet side, the control sleeve 6 has an external thread 9 and on the outlet side a collar 10. The housing of the oil pressure switch can thus be mounted on a crankcase (not shown) by means of the control sleeve. Two seals are provided for sealing, a first seal 11 between the upper part 1a of the housing and the crankcase (not shown) of the engine and a second seal 12 between the upper part 1a of the housing and the collar 10 of the control sleeve 6. The control sleeve 6 is in the area which lies within the hydraulic working space 5, provided with a transverse bore 13 to form a pressure oil supply which connects the hydraulic working space 5 with the interior of the control sleeve 6, ie connects the flow channel for the pressure oil.

Im Inneren der Steuerhülse 6 in axialer Richtung verschieblich gelagert ist der Steuerschieber 14. Er besitzt eine in seiner Längsrichtung verlaufende Bohrung 15 mit einer Zuströmöffnung 16 und einer Abströmöffnung 17.The control slide 14 is mounted inside the control sleeve 6 so as to be displaceable in the axial direction. It has a bore 15 running in its longitudinal direction with an inflow opening 16 and an outflow opening 17.

Die Zuströmöffnung 16 ist, gemessen an ihrer Fläche, etwa 4fach so groß wie die Abströmöffnung 17. Der Steuerschieber 14 ist quer durchbohrt zur Bildung zweier Verbindungsöffnungen 18 in der Umfangsfläche des Steuerschiebers. Der Abstand der Verbindungsöffnungen 18 zur abströmseitigen Stirnfläche 19 des Steuerschiebers ist geringfügig kleiner als der Durchmesser der den Druckölzulauf darstellenden Bohrungen 13 in der Steuerhülse. Zwischen der abströmseitigen Stirnfläche 19 des Steuerschiebers 14 und einem Absatz 20 im inneren der Steuerhülse 6 ist die Steuerschieberfeder 21 gespannt. Ein Herausfallen des Steuerschiebers 14 aus der Steuerhülse an derem zulaufseitigen Ende wird durch die im Zulauf 7 angebrachten Vorsprünge 22 verhindert.The inflow opening 16, measured in terms of its area, is approximately 4 times as large as the outflow opening 17. The control slide 14 is pierced transversely to form two connecting openings 18 in the peripheral surface of the control slide. The distance between the connecting openings 18 and the end face 19 of the control slide on the outflow side is slightly smaller than the diameter of the bores 13 in the control sleeve which represent the pressure oil inlet. The control slide spring 21 is tensioned between the downstream face 19 of the control slide 14 and a shoulder 20 inside the control sleeve 6. Falling out of the control slide 14 from the control sleeve at its inlet end is prevented by the projections 22 provided in the inlet 7.

Der Steuerschieber ist gegen Verdrehen um seine Längsachse gesichert, so daß die Bohrungen 13 der Steuerhülse und die Verbindungsöffnungen 18 des Steuerschiebers stets in derselben Ebene liegen. Die Arbeitsstellung (Fig. 2) des Steuerschiebers (14) ist durch einen entsprechenden Anschlag definiert.The control slide is secured against rotation about its longitudinal axis, so that the bores 13 of the control sleeve and the connecting openings 18 of the control slide are always in the same plane. The working position (Fig. 2) of the control slide (14) is defined by a corresponding stop.

Auf der Seite der Membran 4, welche dem hydraulischen Arbeitsraum 5 gegenüberliegt, ist eine Druckplatte 23 vorgesehen, die auf einem Stößel 24 befestigt ist, welcher in dem Unterteil 1b des Gehäuses vertikal verschieblich geführt ist. Der Stempel dient dabei dazu, die das Arbeitselement darstellende Membran 4 mit dem Schaltelement, welches als Kraftstoffabschaltventil ausgebildet ist, zu koppeln. Zur Bildung des Kraftstoffabsperrventils sind in dem Unterteil 1b des Gehäuses ein Zuströmstutzen 25, ein Abströmstutzen 26 sowie eine Ventilkammer 27 ausgebildet. Auf dem Stößel 24 ist ein Druckring 28 vorgesehen, welcher in der Sperrstellung des Ventils den Ventildichtring 29 gegen den Sitz 30 drückt. Hierzu ist zwischen dem Druckring 28 und dem die Ventilkammer 27 verschließenden Stopfen 31 eine Druckfeder 32 eingespannt. Diese Druckfeder dient sowohl dazu, das Kraftstoffventil zu schließen, als auch dazu, die Membran 4 gegen den Druck in den hydraulischen Arbeitsraum 5 vorzuspannen; die Kennlinie der Druckfeder 32 ist dabei derart, daß die Druckplatte 23 und der Stößel 24 gegen die Wirkung der Druckfeder 32 nach unten bewegt werden, sobald der Druck in dem hydraulischen Arbeitsraum 0,5 bar übersteigt.On the side of the membrane 4, which is opposite the hydraulic working space 5, a pressure plate 23 is provided, which is fastened on a plunger 24, which is guided in a vertically displaceable manner in the lower part 1b of the housing. The stamp serves to couple the membrane 4, which represents the working element, to the switching element, which is designed as a fuel cut-off valve. To form the fuel shut-off valve, an inlet connection 25, an outlet connection 26 and a valve chamber 27 are formed in the lower part 1b of the housing. A pressure ring 28 is provided on the tappet 24, which presses the valve sealing ring 29 against the seat 30 in the locked position of the valve. For this purpose, a compression spring 32 is clamped between the pressure ring 28 and the plug 31 closing the valve chamber 27. This compression spring serves both to close the fuel valve and to bias the membrane 4 against the pressure in the hydraulic working space 5; the characteristic of the compression spring 32 is such that the pressure plate 23 and the plunger 24 are moved downward against the action of the compression spring 32 as soon as the pressure in the hydraulic working space exceeds 0.5 bar.

Während gemäß Fig. 1 der Steuerschieber 14 sich in seiner Ruhelage befindet, in welcher der hydraulische Arbeitsraum über die Bohrungen 13 mit dem in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Steuerschieber 14 liegenden Bereich des Strömungskanals, welcher drucklos ist, verbunden ist, zeigt die Fig. 2 den Steuerschieber 14 in seiner Arbeitsstellung, in welcher der hydraulische Arbeitsraum 5 über die den Druckölzulauf bildenden Bohrungen 13 der Steuerhülse und die Verbindungsöffnungen 18 des Steuerschiebers mit der Bohrung 15 des Steuerschiebers verbunden ist. Der in der Bohrung des Steuerschiebers herrschende Druck wirkt somit auch im hydraulischen Arbeitsraum und drückt die Membran 4, die Druckplatte 23 und den Stößel 24 entgegen der Kraft der Druckfeder 32 nach unten und öffnet das Kraftstoffventil.1, the control spool 14 is in its rest position, in which the hydraulic working space is connected via the bores 13 to the region of the flow channel which is behind the control spool 14 and is depressurized, FIG. 2 shows the control spool 14 in its working position, in which the hydraulic working chamber 5 is connected to the bore 15 of the control slide via the bores 13 of the control sleeve forming the pressure oil inlet and the connection openings 18 of the control slide. The pressure prevailing in the bore of the control slide thus also acts in the hydraulic working space and presses the diaphragm 4, the pressure plate 23 and the tappet 24 down against the force of the compression spring 32 and opens the fuel valve.

Der Öldruckschalter gemäß den Fig. 3 und 4 entspricht in seinem grundsätzlichen Aufbau demjenigen gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2. Wiederum wird ein Gehäuse 1 von einer Steuerhülse 6 durchsetzt, welche einen Steuerschieber 14 und eine Steuerschieberfeder 21 aufnimmt. Allerdings ist bei dem Öldruckschalter gemäß den Fig. 3 und 4 der hydraulische Arbeitsraum 5 nicht um die Steuerhülse 6 herum, sondern er ist vielmehr in dem Gehäuse 1 mit Abstand zu der Bohrung, welche die Steuerhülse 6 aufnimmt, angeordnet. Demgemäß umfaßt der Druckölzulauf, welcher den hydraulischen Arbeitsraum 5 mit dem Strömungskanal im Inneren der Steuerhülse verbindet, sowohl die Querbohrung 13 durch den Steuerschieber als auch die Bohrung 33 durch das Gehäuse. Das Arbeitselement ist bei dieser Ausführungsform als Kolben 34 ausgestaltet, welcher in einer zylindrischen Bohrung 35 des Gehäuses 1 geführt ist. Der Kolben 34 ist über einen Dichtring 36 gegenüber der Bohrung 35 abgedichtet. Die auf den Kolben 34 wirkende Druckfeder 32 ist auf dessen Rückseite angeordnet und stützt sich an der Stirnwand 37 des Gehäuses ab.The basic construction of the oil pressure switch according to FIGS. 3 and 4 corresponds to that according to FIGS. 1 and 2. In turn, a housing 1 is penetrated by a control sleeve 6, which receives a control slide 14 and a control slide spring 21. However, in the oil pressure switch according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the hydraulic work space 5 not around the control sleeve 6, but rather it is arranged in the housing 1 at a distance from the bore which receives the control sleeve 6. Accordingly, the pressure oil supply, which connects the hydraulic working chamber 5 with the flow channel inside the control sleeve, includes both the transverse bore 13 through the control slide and the bore 33 through the housing. In this embodiment, the working element is designed as a piston 34 which is guided in a cylindrical bore 35 in the housing 1. The piston 34 is sealed against the bore 35 by a sealing ring 36. The compression spring 32 acting on the piston 34 is arranged on the rear side thereof and is supported on the end wall 37 of the housing.

Der von dem Kolben 34, der zylindrischen Bohrung 35 und der Stirnwand 37 des Gehäuses begrenzte Raum auf der Rückseite des Kolbens 34 ist unabhängig von der Stellung des Steuerschiebers 14 hydraulisch an den Strömungskanal in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Steuerschieber angeschlossen, und zwar über die Bohrungen 38, 39 und 40, die Ringnut 41 auf der Steuerhülse, die Bohrungen 42, 43 und 44, die umlaufende Ringnut 45 auf der Steuerhülse 6 sowie die Querbohrung 46 durch die Steuerhülse. Die Enden der Bohrungen in dem Gehäuse sind jeweils verstopft, wobei in den Fig. 3 und 4 die die Bohrungen 39 und 43 verstopfenden Stopfen 47 und 48 ersichtlich sind. Der durch die Bohrungen 38, 39 und 40 sowie die Ringnut 41 gebildete Strömungsweg verbindet darüber hinaus in der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ruhestellung des Steuerschiebers den Raum auf der Rückseite des Kolbens 34 über die Bohrung 49 und die Verbindungsöffnung 18 des Steuerschiebers mit dessen Bohrung 15, so daß der Restdruck im Druckölsystem, welcher beim Übergang des Steuerschiebers in seine Ruhestellung herrscht, auf die Rückseite des Kolbens 34 wirkt und die Betätigung des mit dem Kolben gekoppelten Kraftstoffabsperrventils unterstützt und beschleunigt. Hierzu ist in der Steuerhülse ein Anschlag vorgesehen, welcher die Ruhestellung des Steuerschiebers definiert.The space delimited by the piston 34, the cylindrical bore 35 and the end wall 37 of the housing on the rear side of the piston 34 is hydraulically connected to the flow channel downstream of the control slide regardless of the position of the control slide 14, specifically via the holes 38, 39 and 40, the annular groove 41 on the control sleeve, the bores 42, 43 and 44, the circumferential annular groove 45 on the Control sleeve 6 and the transverse bore 46 through the control sleeve. The ends of the bores in the housing are each blocked, the plugs 47 and 48 which block the bores 39 and 43 being visible in FIGS. 3 and 4. The flow path formed by the bores 38, 39 and 40 and the annular groove 41 also connects, in the rest position of the control slide shown in FIG. 3, the space on the rear side of the piston 34 via the bore 49 and the connection opening 18 of the control slide with its bore 15 , so that the residual pressure in the pressure oil system, which prevails at the transition of the control slide to its rest position, acts on the rear of the piston 34 and supports and accelerates the actuation of the fuel shut-off valve coupled to the piston. For this purpose, a stop is provided in the control sleeve, which defines the rest position of the control slide.

In das Gehäuse 1 ist das Ventilgehäuse 50 eingesetzt, in welches der Zuführstutzen 25 und der Abströmstutzen 26 für den Kraftstoff mündet. Im Inneren des Ventilgehäuses 50 sind zwei Dichtmanschetten 51 und 52 sowie eine Führung 53 für den Stößel 24, welcher mit dem Kolben 34 verbunden ist, angeordnet. Das Absperrventil unterbricht den Kraftstofffluß durch den Zuführstutzen 25, die Ventilkammer 27 und den Abströmstutzen 26, wenn der Stößel 24 sich infolge Druckabfalls in den hydraulischen Arbeitsraum 5 und der Wirkung der Druckfeder 32 gegen die Dichtmanschette 51 anlegt.In the housing 1, the valve housing 50 is inserted, into which the feed connector 25 and the outlet connector 26 for the fuel opens. Inside the valve housing 50, two sealing sleeves 51 and 52 and a guide 53 for the tappet 24, which is connected to the piston 34, are arranged. The Shut-off valve interrupts the fuel flow through the supply nozzle 25, the valve chamber 27 and the outflow nozzle 26 when the tappet 24 bears against the sealing sleeve 51 due to a drop in pressure in the hydraulic working chamber 5 and the action of the compression spring 32.

Aus den Fig. 3 und 4 ist weiterhin eine Startbereitschaftseinrichtung entnehmbar, mittels welcher das Kraftstoffabsperrventil kurzzeitig manuell geöffnet werden kann, um die Einspritzpumpe zu fluten. Hierzu ist in dem hydraulischen Arbeitsraum ein Ausrückhebel 54 vorgesehen, welcher auf die Stirnseite 55 des Kolbens 34 wirkt. Der Ausrückhebel 54 ist über eine - nicht dargestellte - durch das Gehäuse 1 verlaufende Welle mit dem außenliegenden Betätigungshebel 56 drehfest verbunden. Der Betätigungshebel 56 ist dabei mittels einer Feder 57 in die Stellung vorgespannt, in welcher sich der Kolben 34 frei bewegen kann.A start-up device can also be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, by means of which the fuel shut-off valve can be opened briefly manually in order to flood the injection pump. For this purpose, a release lever 54 is provided in the hydraulic working space, which acts on the end face 55 of the piston 34. The release lever 54 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the external actuating lever 56 via a shaft (not shown) which extends through the housing 1. The actuating lever 56 is biased by a spring 57 into the position in which the piston 34 can move freely.

Während sich in Fig. 4 der Steuerschieber 14 in seiner Ruhelage befindet und somit eine Verbindung zwischen dem Druckölzulauf und dem Strömungskanal in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Steuerschieber freigibt, so daß der hydraulische Arbeitsraum 5 drucklos ist, befindet sich gemäß Fig. 4 der Steuerschieber in seiner Arbeitsstellung. In der Arbeitsstellung ist die Bohrung 15 im Inneren des Steuerschiebers 14 über die Verbindungsöffnungen 18 sowie die den Druckölzulauf bildenden Bohrungen 13 in der Steuerhülse 6, die Umfangsnut 58 und Bohrung 33 durch das Gehäuse mit dem hydraulischen Arbeitsraum 5 verbunden. Der Kolben 34 wird durch den Druck im hydraulischen Arbeitsraum entgegen der Kraft der Druckfeder 32 nach links verschoben, und der ebenfalls nach links verschobene Stößel 24 gibt den Kraftstoffdurchtritt durch das Kraftstoffabsperrventil frei.While the control slide 14 is in its rest position in FIG. 4 and thus releases a connection between the pressure oil inlet and the flow channel in the flow direction behind the control slide, so that the hydraulic working chamber 5 is depressurized, the control slide is in its working position according to FIG. 4. In the working position, the bore 15 in the interior of the control slide 14 is connected to the hydraulic working chamber 5 through the housing via the connecting openings 18 and the bores 13 in the control sleeve 6, the circumferential groove 58 and the bore 33 forming the pressure oil inlet. The piston 34 is displaced to the left by the pressure in the hydraulic working space against the force of the compression spring 32, and the tappet 24, which is also displaced to the left, enables fuel to pass through the fuel shut-off valve.

Claims (10)

  1. Oil pressure switch for engines lubricated by pressure oil with a hydraulic working chamber (5) able to be connected hydraulically by way of a pressure oil inlet (13, 33) to the pressure oil system, a working member (4, 34) pre-tensioned by means of a spring (32) against the pressure in the hydraulic working chamber (5) and a switching member connected to the working chamber (4, 34), characterised in that a flow channel (7, 8) is provided through which the pressure oil is able to flow, in which flow channel the pressure oil inlet (13, 33) of the hydraulic working chamber (5) opens, that received in the flow channel (7, 8) and able to move longitudinally between an inoperative position and a working position is a control slide valve (14) through which fluid may flow, which valve (14) comprises a bore (15) extending in the longitudinal direction with an inlet opening (16) on the inlet side and a discharge opening (17) on the outlet side and which is smaller in comparison with the inlet opening and on its periphery a connecting opening (18), the connecting opening of the control slide valve in its working position connecting the bore (15) to the pressure oil inlet (13, 33), and that the control slide valve (14) is pre-tensioned by means of a control slide valve spring (21) against the flow direction of the pressure oil flowing through the bore (15) of the control slide valve, so that in its inoperative position it releases a hydraulic connection of the pressure oil inlet (13, 33) to the flow channel (8) in the flow direction behind the control slide valve (14).
  2. Oil pressure switch according to Claim 1, characterised in that the chamber on the rear side of the working member is connected hydraulically to the flow channel in the flow direction behind the control slide valve (14).
  3. Oil pressure switch according to Claim 1, characterised in that the distance of the connecting opening (18) from the end face (19) of the control slide valve (14) on the discharge side corresponds essentially to the diameter of the pressure oil inlet in its region adjacent to the control slide valve.
  4. Oil pressure switch according to Claim 1, characterised in that in the inoperative position of the control slide valve (14), the bore (15) located in its interior is connected hydraulically by way of the connecting opening (18) as well as further flow paths to the chamber on the rear side of the working member.
  5. Oil pressure switch according to Claim 1, characterised in that a piston (34) guided in a cylindrical bore (35) is provided as the working member.
  6. Oil pressure switch according to Claim 1, characterised in that a diaphragm (4) is provided as the working member.
  7. Oil pressure switch according to Claim 1, characterised in that a fuel shut-off valve is provided as the switching member.
  8. Oil pressure switch according to Claim 1, characterised in that an electrical switch is provided as the switching member.
  9. Oil pressure switch according to Claim 1, characterised in that a control sleeve (6) is provided, in which the flow channel extends and which receives the control slide valve (14) and the control slide valve spring (21).
  10. Oil pressure switch according to Claim 9, characterised in that the control sleeve (6) completely penetrates the housing of the oil pressure switch and at its end on the inlet side comprises on the section projecting from the housing (1) of the oil pressure switch, an external thread (9) and at its opposite end, a pressure oil outlet (8).
EP92120688A 1991-12-11 1992-12-04 Oil pressure switch Expired - Lifetime EP0546459B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4140749 1991-12-11
DE4140749A DE4140749C2 (en) 1991-12-11 1991-12-11 Oil pressure switch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0546459A1 EP0546459A1 (en) 1993-06-16
EP0546459B1 true EP0546459B1 (en) 1995-06-21

Family

ID=6446746

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92120688A Expired - Lifetime EP0546459B1 (en) 1991-12-11 1992-12-04 Oil pressure switch

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0546459B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3450021B2 (en)
DE (2) DE4140749C2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102140947B (en) * 2011-04-01 2013-12-04 关永友 Bush burning-preventing safe automatic protector of engine

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE424589C (en) * 1924-12-29 1926-01-26 Otto Michalk Flow indicator, especially for oil lubrication lines
DE1115523B (en) * 1956-05-26 1961-10-19 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Safety device for the lubrication of internal combustion engines, in particular two-stroke Otto engines with fuel injection
US3176672A (en) * 1961-11-02 1965-04-06 Gen Motors Corp Low oil pressure sensitive engine governor
DE1476112A1 (en) * 1965-12-30 1969-09-25 Sapp Harold Albert Safety device for internal combustion engines
GB2054101A (en) * 1979-07-17 1981-02-11 Prestcold Ltd Differential pressure valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0546459A1 (en) 1993-06-16
JPH05248339A (en) 1993-09-24
DE4140749A1 (en) 1993-06-17
JP3450021B2 (en) 2003-09-22
DE4140749C2 (en) 1994-02-03
DE59202613D1 (en) 1995-07-27

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