EP0543704A1 - Method and arrangement to improve the vaporization of fuel in an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method and arrangement to improve the vaporization of fuel in an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0543704A1
EP0543704A1 EP92403040A EP92403040A EP0543704A1 EP 0543704 A1 EP0543704 A1 EP 0543704A1 EP 92403040 A EP92403040 A EP 92403040A EP 92403040 A EP92403040 A EP 92403040A EP 0543704 A1 EP0543704 A1 EP 0543704A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
auxiliary
intake
auxiliary duct
pipe
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Granted
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EP92403040A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0543704B1 (en
Inventor
Bertrand Gatellier
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/17—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system
    • F02M26/20—Feeding recirculated exhaust gases directly into the combustion chambers or into the intake runners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/41—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories characterised by the arrangement of the recirculation passage in relation to the engine, e.g. to cylinder heads, liners, spark plugs or manifolds; characterised by the arrangement of the recirculation passage in relation to specially adapted combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/36—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with means for adding fluids other than exhaust gas to the recirculation passage; with reformers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for improving the efficiency of an internal combustion engine and controlled ignition by promoting the vaporization of fuel during the intake phases.
  • the main objective of the improvement sought is to reduce the harmful components in the exhaust gases of the cylinders and in particular nitrogen oxides, as well as unburnt hydrocarbons.
  • each combustion chamber is connected in a controlled manner with the intake pipe or the exhaust pipe by an auxiliary duct opening into one or the other in the immediate vicinity of the intake valve or exhaust.
  • an auxiliary duct opening into one or the other in the immediate vicinity of the intake valve or exhaust According to a mode in communication with the combustion chamber can be established by opening the auxiliary duct therein by interposing an auxiliary valve and / or a control valve.
  • the auxiliary duct communicates the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe in the immediate vicinity of their respective valves, the communication being controlled by a valve or a plug interposed on this auxiliary duct.
  • This direct communication between the two pipes allows a better dosage of the fraction of burned gases reinjected which is the richest in harmful discharges.
  • the method according to the invention essentially aims to promote the vaporization of fuel in an internal combustion engine with positive ignition comprising at least one cylinder associated with a fuel mixture intake pipe, an exhaust pipe and an auxiliary duct. associated with control means, allowing to carry out during the admission phases, a controlled recycling of a fraction of burnt gases.
  • It is characterized in that it comprises an injection of fuel into a flow of burnt gases readmitted at each cycle via said auxiliary duct, so as to take advantage of their high temperature to facilitate vaporization of the fuel.
  • Fuel is injected, for example, into the flow of burnt gas intermittently escaping from each cylinder in the auxiliary duct when an auxiliary control valve is opened.
  • a multi-point injection is carried out, the fuel being injected into each intake pipe of the engine, in a flow of burnt gases coming from an auxiliary duct. corresponding.
  • fuel can be injected into the flow of burnt gas from a common exhaust manifold with several cylinders, connected to each intake pipe by a specific auxiliary duct.
  • said fuel injection is carried out sequentially during the closing time of each intake valve.
  • the essential idea of the invention is to take advantage of the high temperature of the recycled burnt gases to better vaporize the fuel. This being injected in a time interval where a stream of recycled hot burnt gases from a specific auxiliary duct or not, circulates towards the combustion chambers, a much better vaporization is obtained than in the conventional case where the injection takes place in a stream of fresh air in a mixture comprising mainly fresh air and a relatively small portion of recycled burnt gases. The combustion and the engine efficiency are therefore significantly improved.
  • the invention also relates to an implementation device for promoting the vaporization of fuel in an internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder associated with a fuel mixture intake pipe, an exhaust pipe and an auxiliary duct associated with control means, making it possible to carry out, during the intake phases, a controlled recycling of a fraction of burnt gases.
  • This device is characterized in that it includes fuel injection means arranged so that the injected fuel is in contact with the burnt gases recycled through the auxiliary conduit.
  • the device comprises for example multi-point injection means, auxiliary conduits associated respectively with each cylinder, each of the conduits towards its end communicating with the corresponding intake pipe, being curved so that the flow of recycled gas is directed towards the intake valve, the injection means being arranged substantially at said end of each auxiliary duct.
  • each auxiliary duct is arranged to establish communication between an intake pipe and an exhaust manifold for one or more cylinders.
  • each auxiliary duct is arranged for example to establish communication between an intake pipe and the interior of a cylinder via a control valve.
  • the device comprises for example single-point injection means and the auxiliary duct is arranged to establish communication between an exhaust manifold for one or more cylinders and a manifold intake for one or more cylinders.
  • Fig.1 and 2 an application of the device to an engine comprising at least one cylinder 1 in which slides a piston 2, which communicates by a valve 3 with an exhaust pipe 4.
  • the cylinder also communicates by intermediate an intake valve 5 with cyclic opening with an intake pipe 6.
  • the two valves 3 and 5 are associated with control means of a known type not shown, such as cam lifters for example.
  • an auxiliary conduit 7 communicates each intake pipe to the corresponding exhaust pipe.
  • a control means such as a plug 8 is interposed on the auxiliary conduit 7 for the establishment at each cycle of an intermittent communication between the two pipes 4 and 6, as described in the aforementioned European patent application , in order to recycle a determined fraction of the gases burned during the previous cycle.
  • an injector 9 in the connection area of the auxiliary duct 7 with the intake pipe 6.
  • the nose of the injector 9 is preferably placed at the same level as the intersection between the duct 7 and the pipe 6 and the fuel injection is synchronized with an opening of the plug 8 so that the fuel is injected into the flow of hot burnt gases leaving the auxiliary duct 7.
  • the latter is advantageously curved so that the flow of burnt gases entrains the vaporized fuel towards the intake valve 5.
  • the auxiliary duct 7 communicates the combustion chamber 1 with the intake pipe, the recycling of burnt gases being controlled by an auxiliary valve 10 whose lifting time interval LR , (Fig.3) is intermediate between the LE and admission LA time intervals, as described in the aforementioned European patent application.
  • this window LR can be moved more or less between two offset positions LR1 and LR2 to either of the LE and LA intake and exhaust time intervals.
  • a control valve 8 can also be interposed on the auxiliary duct for metering the fraction of recycled burnt gas, in which the fuel is vaporized by means of the injector 9.
  • the method according to the invention is implemented in the context of an injection of the typemono-point.
  • the burnt gases helping to improve vaporization of the fuel are taken from the exhaust manifold 11 of an engine M.
  • an auxiliary duct 12 provided with a controlled communication means 13 such as a plug or a valve, they are introduced into the intake manifold 14.
  • an injector 9 is disposed in the vicinity of the branch between the intake manifold 14 and the conduit 12, so that the fuel is injected into the flow of burnt gases recycled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

- The invention relates to a method and a device for improving the vaporisation of fuel injected into an internal combustion engine so as to decrease the poisonous waste products in the exhaust gases. The engine includes at least one cylinder (1) with an intake pipe (6), an exhaust pipe (4), an auxiliary duct (7) provided with a cock connecting, for example, the two pipes so as to recycle to the admission side a fraction of the burnt gases which is richer in unburnt hydrocarbons. The method which is implemented here consists essentially in locating a fuel injector (9) close to the intersection of the intake pipe (6) with the auxiliary duct (7) so as to benefit from the high temperature of the recycled gases in order better to vaporise the fuel and to entrain it towards the combustion chamber. - Application to controlled-ignition and injection engines. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour améliorer le rendement d'un moteur à combustion interne et allumage commandé en favorisant la vaporisation de carburant durant les phases d'admission.The present invention relates to a method and a device for improving the efficiency of an internal combustion engine and controlled ignition by promoting the vaporization of fuel during the intake phases.

L'amélioration recherchée a essentiellement pour objet de réduire les composants nocifs dans les gaz d'échappement des cylindres et notamment les oxydes d'azote, ainsi que les hydrocarbures imbrûlés.The main objective of the improvement sought is to reduce the harmful components in the exhaust gases of the cylinders and in particular nitrogen oxides, as well as unburnt hydrocarbons.

On connaît des procédés permettant de réduire les échappements nocifs dont le principe essentiel consiste à recycler une partie des gaz brûlés issus des chambres de combustion d'un moteur. Le recyclage peut être extérieur, les gaz brûlés étant recyclés par des conduites reliant les pipes d'échappement aux pipes d'admission, sous le contrôle de vannes par exemple, ou bien encore intérieur par l'effet d'un calage de distribution particulier ou au moyen de soupapes supplémentaires etc. L'utilisation de l'injection dans les moteurs pour obtenir un meilleur contrôle de la richesse du mélange carbûré, a pour effet de dégrader la qualité de celui-ci et d'augmenter les rejets d'hydrocarbures imbrûlés.There are known methods for reducing harmful exhausts, the main principle of which is to recycle part of the burnt gases from the combustion chambers of an engine. Recycling can be external, the burnt gases being recycled by pipes connecting the exhaust pipes to the intake pipes, under the control of valves for example, or even inside by the effect of a particular distribution timing or by means of additional valves etc. The use of injection into the engines to obtain better control of the richness of the fuel mixture has the effect of degrading the quality of the latter and of increasing the discharge of unburnt hydrocarbons.

Dans la demande de brevet européen EP-A-484206 par exemple, sont décrits un procédé et un dispositif permettant le recyclage contrôlé en fonction de la charge, d'une fraction des gaz brûlés prélevés dans la pipe d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne, de façon à augmenter le rendement du moteur et réduire les rejets nocifs. A cet effet, on relie de façon contrôlée chaque chambre de combustion avec la pipe d'admission ou la pipe d'échappement par un conduit auxiliaire débouchant dans l'une ou l'autre à proximité immédiate de la soupape d'admission ou d'échappement. Suivant un mode de réalisation la communication avec la chambre de combustion peut être établie en faisant déboucher le conduit auxiliaire dans celle-ci en interposant une soupape auxiliaire et/ou un boisseau de commande. Suivant un autre mode de réalisation, le conduit auxiliaire fait communiquer la pipe d'admission et la pipe d'échappement au voisinage immédiat de leurs soupapes respectives, la communication étant contrôlée par une soupape ou un boisseau interposé sur ce conduit auxiliaire. Cette communication directe entre les deux pipes permet un meilleur dosage de la fraction de gaz brûlés réinjectée la plus riche en rejets nocifs.In the European patent application EP-A-484206 for example, a method and a device are described allowing the controlled recycling, depending on the load, of a fraction of the burnt gases taken from the exhaust pipe of an engine with internal combustion, so as to increase engine efficiency and reduce harmful emissions. For this purpose, each combustion chamber is connected in a controlled manner with the intake pipe or the exhaust pipe by an auxiliary duct opening into one or the other in the immediate vicinity of the intake valve or exhaust. According to a mode in communication with the combustion chamber can be established by opening the auxiliary duct therein by interposing an auxiliary valve and / or a control valve. According to another embodiment, the auxiliary duct communicates the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe in the immediate vicinity of their respective valves, the communication being controlled by a valve or a plug interposed on this auxiliary duct. This direct communication between the two pipes allows a better dosage of the fraction of burned gases reinjected which is the richest in harmful discharges.

La méthode selon l'invention a essentiellement pour objet de favoriser la vaporisation de carburant dans un moteur à combustion interne à allumage commandé comportant au moins un cylindre associé à une pipe d'admission de mélange carburé, une pipe d'échappement et un conduit auxiliaire associé à des moyens de contrôle, permettant d'effectuer durant les phases d'admission, un recyclage contrôlé d'une fraction de gaz brûlés.The method according to the invention essentially aims to promote the vaporization of fuel in an internal combustion engine with positive ignition comprising at least one cylinder associated with a fuel mixture intake pipe, an exhaust pipe and an auxiliary duct. associated with control means, allowing to carry out during the admission phases, a controlled recycling of a fraction of burnt gases.

Elle est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une injection de carburant dans un flux de gaz brûlés réadmis à chaque cycle via ledit conduit auxiliaire, de façon à profiter de leur température élevée pour faciliter la vaporisation du carburant.It is characterized in that it comprises an injection of fuel into a flow of burnt gases readmitted at each cycle via said auxiliary duct, so as to take advantage of their high temperature to facilitate vaporization of the fuel.

L'injection de carburant s'effectue par exemple dans le flux de gaz brûlés échappant par intermittence de chaque cylindre dans le conduit auxiliaire à l'ouverture d'une soupape auxiliaire de contrôle.Fuel is injected, for example, into the flow of burnt gas intermittently escaping from each cylinder in the auxiliary duct when an auxiliary control valve is opened.

On peut aussi procéder à l'injection de carburant dans le flux de gaz brûlés issu de la pipe d'échappement reliée à la pipe d'admission par ledit conduit auxiliaire.It is also possible to inject fuel into the flow of burnt gas coming from the exhaust pipe connected to the intake pipe by said auxiliary pipe.

Suivant un premier mode de mise en oeuvre convenant pour un moteur à plusieurs cylindres, on procède à une injection multi-points, le carburant étant injecté dans chaque pipe d'admission du moteur, dans un flux de gaz brûlés issus d'un conduit auxiliaire correspondant.According to a first embodiment suitable for an engine with several cylinders, a multi-point injection is carried out, the fuel being injected into each intake pipe of the engine, in a flow of burnt gases coming from an auxiliary duct. corresponding.

Pour favoriser l'injection de carburant dans un moteur à plusieurs cylindres, on peut procéder à l'injection de carburant dans le flux de gaz brûlés issu d'un collecteur d'échappement commun à plusieurs cylindres, relié à chaque pipe d'admission par un conduit auxiliaire spécifique.To promote the injection of fuel into a multi-cylinder engine, fuel can be injected into the flow of burnt gas from a common exhaust manifold with several cylinders, connected to each intake pipe by a specific auxiliary duct.

De préférence, on procède à ladite injection de carburant de manière séquentielle pendant la durée de fermeture de chaque soupape d'admission.Preferably, said fuel injection is carried out sequentially during the closing time of each intake valve.

Pour favoriser l'injection de carburant dans un moteur à plusieurs cylindres, on peut aussi procéder à une injection du type mono-point, le carburant étant injecté dans le flux de gaz brûlés issu d'un collecteur d'échappement commun à plusieurs cylindres, et recyclés dans un collecteur d'admission commun à plusieurs cylindres par un conduit auxiliaire commun.To favor the injection of fuel into an engine with several cylinders, it is also possible to carry out an injection of the single-point type, the fuel being injected into the flow of burnt gases coming from an exhaust manifold common to several cylinders, and recycled into a common intake manifold with several cylinders by a common auxiliary duct.

L'idée essentielle de l'invention est de profiter de la température élevée des gaz brûlés recyclés pour mieux vaporiser le carburant. Celui-ci étant injecté dans un intervalle de temps où un courant de gaz brûlés chauds recyclés issus d'un conduit auxiliaire spécifique ou non, circule vers les chambres de combustion, on obtient une bien meilleure vaporisation que dans le cas classique où l'injection a lieu dans un courant d'air frais dans un mélange comportant principalement de l'air frais et une portion relativement faible de gaz brûlés recyclés. On améliore donc sensiblement la combustion et le rendement du moteur.The essential idea of the invention is to take advantage of the high temperature of the recycled burnt gases to better vaporize the fuel. This being injected in a time interval where a stream of recycled hot burnt gases from a specific auxiliary duct or not, circulates towards the combustion chambers, a much better vaporization is obtained than in the conventional case where the injection takes place in a stream of fresh air in a mixture comprising mainly fresh air and a relatively small portion of recycled burnt gases. The combustion and the engine efficiency are therefore significantly improved.

L'invention concerne aussi un dispositif de mise en oeuvre pour favoriser la vaporisation de carburant dans un moteur à combustion interne comportant au moins un cylindre associé à une pipe d'admission de mélange carburé, une pipe d'échappement et un conduit auxiliaire associé à des moyens de contrôle, permettant d'effectuer durant les phases d'admission, un recyclage contrôlé d'une fraction de gaz brûlés. Ce dispositif est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens d'injection de carburant disposés de manière que le carburant injecté soit au contact des gaz brûlés recyclés par l'intermédiaire du conduit auxiliaire.The invention also relates to an implementation device for promoting the vaporization of fuel in an internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder associated with a fuel mixture intake pipe, an exhaust pipe and an auxiliary duct associated with control means, making it possible to carry out, during the intake phases, a controlled recycling of a fraction of burnt gases. This device is characterized in that it includes fuel injection means arranged so that the injected fuel is in contact with the burnt gases recycled through the auxiliary conduit.

Dans le cas d'un moteur à plusieurs cylindres, le dispositif comporte par exemple des moyens d'injection multi-points, des conduits auxiliaires associés respectivement à chaque cylindre, chacun des conduits vers son extrémité communiquant avec la pipe d'admission correspondante, étant recourbé de façon que le flux de gaz recyclés soit dirigé vers la soupape d'admission, les moyens d'injection étant disposés sensiblement au niveau de ladite extrémité de chaque conduit auxiliaire.In the case of an engine with several cylinders, the device comprises for example multi-point injection means, auxiliary conduits associated respectively with each cylinder, each of the conduits towards its end communicating with the corresponding intake pipe, being curved so that the flow of recycled gas is directed towards the intake valve, the injection means being arranged substantially at said end of each auxiliary duct.

Suivant un mode de réalisation, chaque conduit auxiliaire est agencé pour établir une communication entre une pipe d'admission et un collecteur d'échappement pour un ou plusieurs cylindres.According to one embodiment, each auxiliary duct is arranged to establish communication between an intake pipe and an exhaust manifold for one or more cylinders.

Suivant un autre mode de réalisation, chaque conduit auxiliaire est agencé par exemple pour établir une communication entre une pipe d'admission et l'intérieur d'un cylindre par l'intermédiaire d'une soupape de contrôle.According to another embodiment, each auxiliary duct is arranged for example to establish communication between an intake pipe and the interior of a cylinder via a control valve.

Dans le cas d'utilisation pour un moteur à plusieurs cylindres, le dispositif comporte par exemple des moyens d'injection mono-point et le conduit auxiliaire est agencé pour établir une communication entre un collecteur d'échappement pour un ou plusieurs cylindres et un collecteur d'admission pour un ou plusieurs cylindres.In the case of use for an engine with several cylinders, the device comprises for example single-point injection means and the auxiliary duct is arranged to establish communication between an exhaust manifold for one or more cylinders and a manifold intake for one or more cylinders.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la méthode et du dispositif selon l'invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description ci-après de modes de réalisation décrits à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, en se référant aux dessins annexés où :

  • la Fig.1 montre un premier mode de réalisation avec un conduit auxiliaire séparé reliant chaque pipe d'admission et chaque pipe d'échappement correspondante;
  • la fig.2 montre un deuxième mode de réalisation où le conduit auxiliaire communique avec la chambre de combustion par l'intermédiaire d'une soupape auxiliaire; et
  • la Fig.3 montre en fonction de la position angulaire du vilebrequin, les courbes respectives de levée de la soupape d'échappement, de la soupape d'admission et de la soupape auxiliaire, dans le mode de réalisation de la Fig.2.
  • la Fig.4 montre un troisième mode de réalisation dans le cadre d'un moteur à injection mono-point.
Other characteristics and advantages of the method and the device according to the invention will appear better on reading the following description of embodiments described by way of nonlimiting examples, with reference to the appended drawings where:
  • Fig.1 shows a first embodiment with a separate auxiliary duct connecting each intake pipe and each corresponding exhaust pipe;
  • Fig.2 shows a second embodiment where the auxiliary duct communicates with the combustion chamber via an auxiliary valve; and
  • Fig.3 shows according to the angular position of the crankshaft, the respective lifting curves of the exhaust valve, the intake valve and the auxiliary valve, in the embodiment of Fig.2.
  • Fig.4 shows a third embodiment in the context of a single-point injection engine.

On voit sur les Fig.1 et 2 une application du dispositif à un moteur comportant au moins un cylindre 1 dans lequel coulisse un piston 2, qui communique par une soupape 3 avec une pipe d'échappement 4. Le cylindre communique aussi par l'intermédiaire d'une soupape d'admission 5 à ouverture cyclique avec une pipe d'admission 6. Aux deux soupapes 3 et 5 sont associés des moyens de commande d'un type connu non représentés, tels que des poussoirs à cames par exemple.We see in Fig.1 and 2 an application of the device to an engine comprising at least one cylinder 1 in which slides a piston 2, which communicates by a valve 3 with an exhaust pipe 4. The cylinder also communicates by intermediate an intake valve 5 with cyclic opening with an intake pipe 6. The two valves 3 and 5 are associated with control means of a known type not shown, such as cam lifters for example.

Suivant le mode de réalisation de la Fig.1, un conduit auxiliaire 7 fait communiquer chaque pipe d'admission à la pipe d'échappement correspondante. Un moyen de contrôle tel qu'un boisseau 8, est interposé sur le conduit auxiliaire 7 pour l'établissement à chaque cycle, d'une communication intermittente entre les deux pipes 4 et 6, comme il est décrit dans la demande de brevet européen précitée, dans le but de recycler une fraction déterminée des gaz brûlés au cours du cycle précèdent. Pour favoriser la vaporisation du carburant durant la phase d'admission, on dispose un injecteur 9 dans la zone de raccordement du conduit auxiliaire 7 avec la pipe d'admission 6. Le nez de l'injecteur 9 est placé de préférence au niveau même de l'intersection entre le conduit 7 et la pipe 6 et l'on synchronise l'injection de carburant avec une ouverture du boisseau 8 de manière que le carburant soit injecté dans le flux de gaz brûlés chauds sortant du conduit auxiliaire 7. Celui-ci est avantageusement recourbé de façon que le flux de gaz brûlés entraîne le carburant vaporisé vers la soupape d'admission 5.According to the embodiment of Fig.1, an auxiliary conduit 7 communicates each intake pipe to the corresponding exhaust pipe. A control means such as a plug 8, is interposed on the auxiliary conduit 7 for the establishment at each cycle of an intermittent communication between the two pipes 4 and 6, as described in the aforementioned European patent application , in order to recycle a determined fraction of the gases burned during the previous cycle. To promote the vaporization of the fuel during the intake phase, there is an injector 9 in the connection area of the auxiliary duct 7 with the intake pipe 6. The nose of the injector 9 is preferably placed at the same level as the intersection between the duct 7 and the pipe 6 and the fuel injection is synchronized with an opening of the plug 8 so that the fuel is injected into the flow of hot burnt gases leaving the auxiliary duct 7. The latter is advantageously curved so that the flow of burnt gases entrains the vaporized fuel towards the intake valve 5.

Suivant le mode de réalisation de la Fig.2, le conduit auxiliaire 7 fait communiquer la chambre de combustion 1 avec la pipe d'admission, le recyclage de gaz brûlés étant contrôlé par une soupape auxiliaire 10 dont l'intervalle de temps de levée LR, (Fig.3) est intermédiaire entre les intervalles de temps d'échappement LE et d'admission LA, comme il est décrit dans la demande de brevet européen précitée. Par des moyens de commande appropriés, on peut déplacer plus ou moins cette fenêtre LR entre deux positions LR1 et LR2 décalées vers l'un ou l'autre des intervalles de temps d'admission et d'échappement LE et LA. Un boisseau de commande 8 peut aussi être interposé sur le conduit auxiliaire pour le dosage de la fraction de gaz brûlés recyclés, dans lequel on vaporise le carburant au moyen de l'injecteur 9.According to the embodiment of FIG. 2, the auxiliary duct 7 communicates the combustion chamber 1 with the intake pipe, the recycling of burnt gases being controlled by an auxiliary valve 10 whose lifting time interval LR , (Fig.3) is intermediate between the LE and admission LA time intervals, as described in the aforementioned European patent application. By suitable control means, this window LR can be moved more or less between two offset positions LR1 and LR2 to either of the LE and LA intake and exhaust time intervals. A control valve 8 can also be interposed on the auxiliary duct for metering the fraction of recycled burnt gas, in which the fuel is vaporized by means of the injector 9.

Suivant le mode de réalisation de la Fig.4, la méthode selon l'invention est mise en oeuvre dans le cadre d'une injection du typemono-point. Les gaz brûlés aidant à une meilleure vaporisation du carburant sont prélevés dans le collecteur d'échappement 11 d'un moteur M. Par un conduit auxiliaire 12 muni d'un moyen de communication contrôlé 13 tel qu'un boisseau ou un clapet, ils sont introduits dans le collecteur d'admission 14. De la même manière, un injecteur 9 est disposé au voisinage de l'embranchement entre le collecteur d'admission 14 et le conduit 12, de façon que le carburant soit injecté dans le flux de gaz brûlés recyclés.According to the embodiment of FIG. 4, the method according to the invention is implemented in the context of an injection of the typemono-point. The burnt gases helping to improve vaporization of the fuel are taken from the exhaust manifold 11 of an engine M. By an auxiliary duct 12 provided with a controlled communication means 13 such as a plug or a valve, they are introduced into the intake manifold 14. In the same way, an injector 9 is disposed in the vicinity of the branch between the intake manifold 14 and the conduit 12, so that the fuel is injected into the flow of burnt gases recycled.

On ne sortirait pas du cadre de l'invention en prélevant les gaz recyclés arrivant par les conduits auxilaires 7, non plus dans chaque pipe d'échappement 6, mais dans le collecteur d'échappement commun à plusieurs cylindres du moteur.It would not go beyond the scope of the invention to withdraw the recycled gases arriving through the auxiliary conduits 7, no longer in each exhaust pipe 6, but in the exhaust manifold common to several cylinders of the engine.

Claims (12)

1) Procédé pour favoriser la vaporisation de carburant dans un moteur à combustion interne à allumage commandé comportant au moins un cylindre (1) associé à une pipe d'admission (6) de mélange carburé, une pipe d'échappement (4) et un conduit auxiliaire (7, 12) associé à des moyens de contrôle (8, 10, 13), permettant d'effectuer durant les phases d'admission, un recyclage contrôlé d'une fraction de gaz brûlés s'échappant du moteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une injection de carburant dans un flux de gaz brûlés réadmis à chaque cycle via ledit conduit auxiliaire de façon à profiter de leur température élevée pour faciliter la vaporisation du carburant. 1) Method for promoting the vaporization of fuel in an internal combustion engine with spark ignition comprising at least one cylinder (1) associated with an intake pipe (6) of fuel mixture, an exhaust pipe (4) and a auxiliary duct (7, 12) associated with control means (8, 10, 13), making it possible to carry out, during the intake phases, a controlled recycling of a fraction of burnt gases escaping from the engine, characterized in what it involves injecting fuel into a stream of burnt gases readmitted to each cycle via said auxiliary duct so as to take advantage of their high temperature to facilitate vaporization of the fuel. 2) Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on procédé à l'injection de carburant dans le flux de gaz brûlés s'échappant par intermittence du cylindre dans le conduit auxiliaire à l'ouverture d'une soupape auxiliaire de contrôle (10). 2) Method according to one of claims 1, characterized in that one injects fuel into the flow of burnt gas escaping intermittently from the cylinder in the auxiliary duct at the opening of a valve control auxiliary (10). 3) Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on procède à l'injection de carburant dans le flux de gaz brûlés issu de la pipe d'échappement reliée à la pipe d'admission par ledit conduit auxiliaire. 3) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that one proceeds to the injection of fuel into the flow of burnt gas from the exhaust pipe connected to the intake pipe by said auxiliary conduit. 4) Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, convenant pour un moteur à plusieurs cylindres, caractérisé en ce que l'on procède à une injection multi-points, le carburant étant injecté dans chaque pipe (6) d'admission du moteur, dans un flux de gaz brûlés issus du conduit auxiliaire correspondant (7). 4) Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, suitable for an engine with several cylinders, characterized in that one proceeds to a multi-point injection, the fuel being injected into each pipe (6) of admission engine, in a flow of burnt gases from the corresponding auxiliary duct (7). 5) Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on procède à l'injection de carburant dans le flux de gaz brûlés issu d'un collecteur d'échappement (11) commun à plusieurs cylindres, relié à chaque pipe d'admission par un conduit auxiliaire spécifique (12). 5) Method according to claim 2, characterized in that one proceeds to the injection of fuel into the flow of burnt gas from an exhaust manifold (11) common to several cylinders, connected to each pipe admission via a specific auxiliary duct (12). 6) Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on procède à ladite injection de carburant de manière séquentielle pendant la durée de fermeture de chaque soupape d'admission. 6) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one proceeds to said fuel injection sequentially during the period of closure of each intake valve. 7) Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on procède à une injection du type mono-point, le carburant étant injecté directement dans le flux de gaz brûlés issu d'un collecteur d'échappement (11) commun à plusieurs cylindres, et recyclés dans un collecteur d'admission (14) commun à plusieurs cylindres par un conduit auxiliaire commun (12). 7) Method according to claim 2, characterized in that one carries out an injection of the single-point type, the fuel being injected directly into the flow of burnt gases from an exhaust manifold (11) common to several cylinders, and recycled into an intake manifold (14) common to several cylinders by a common auxiliary conduit (12). 8) Dispositif pour favoriser la vaporisation de carburant dans un moteur à combustion interne comportant au moins un cylindre (1) associé à une pipe d'admission de mélange carburé (6), une pipe d'échappement (4) et un conduite auxiliaire (7) associée à des moyens de contrôle (8), permettant d'effectuer durant les phases d'admission, un recyclage contrôlé d'une fraction de gaz brûlés, ce dispositif mettant en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, et étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens (9) d'injection de carburant disposés de manière que le carburant soit injecté directement dans un flux de gaz brûlés recyclés par l'intermédiaire du conduit auxiliaire. 8) Device for promoting the vaporization of fuel in an internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder (1) associated with a fuel mixture intake pipe (6), an exhaust pipe (4) and an auxiliary pipe ( 7) associated with control means (8), making it possible to carry out, during the intake phases, a controlled recycling of a fraction of burnt gases, this device implementing the method according to one of claims 1 to 7 , and being characterized in that it comprises fuel injection means (9) arranged so that the fuel is injected directly into a stream of burnt gases recycled through the auxiliary conduit. 9) Dispositif selon la revendication 8, pour un moteur à plusieurs cylindres, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens d'injection multi-points, des conduits auxiliaires associés respectivement à chaque cylindre, chacun d'eux, vers son extrémité communiquant avec la pipe d'admission correspondante, étant recourbé de façon que le flux de gaz recyclés soit dirigé vers la soupape d'admission, les moyens d'injection étant disposés sensiblement au niveau de ladite extrémité de chaque conduit auxiliaire. 9) Device according to claim 8, for an engine with several cylinders, characterized in that it comprises multi-point injection means, auxiliary conduits associated respectively with each cylinder, each of them, towards its end communicating with the corresponding intake pipe, being bent so that the flow of recycled gases is directed towards the intake valve, the injection means being arranged substantially at the level of said end of each auxiliary duct. 10) Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que chaque conduit auxiliaire (12) est agencé pour établir une communication entre une pipe d'admission (14) et un collecteur d'échappement (11) pour un ou plusieurs cylindres. 10) Device according to claim 9, characterized in that each auxiliary duct (12) is arranged to establish communication between an intake pipe (14) and an exhaust manifold (11) for one or more cylinders. 11) Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que chaque conduit auxiliaire (12) est agencé pour établir une communication entre une pipe d'admission (6) et l'intérieur d'un cylindre (1) par l'intermédiaire d'une soupape de contrôle (10). 11) Device according to claim 9, characterized in that each auxiliary duct (12) is arranged to establish communication between an intake pipe (6) and the interior of a cylinder (1) by means of a control valve (10). 12) Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens d'injection mono-point, et en ce que ledit conduit auxiliaire (12) est agencé pour établir une communication entre un collecteur d'échappement (11) pour un ou plusieurs cylindres et un collecteur d'admission (14) pour un ou plusieurs cylindres, les moyens d'injection étant placé directement dans ledit conduit auxiliaire. 12) Device according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises single-point injection means, and in that said auxiliary duct (12) is arranged to establish communication between an exhaust manifold (11) for one or more cylinders and an intake manifold (14) for one or more cylinders, the injection means being placed directly in said auxiliary duct.
EP92403040A 1991-11-18 1992-11-10 Method to improve the vaporization of fuel in an internal combustion engine and engine for implementing such method Expired - Lifetime EP0543704B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9114170 1991-11-18
FR9114170A FR2683862B1 (en) 1991-11-18 1991-11-18 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROMOTING VAPORIZATION OF FUEL IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

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EP0543704A1 true EP0543704A1 (en) 1993-05-26
EP0543704B1 EP0543704B1 (en) 1997-03-19

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EP (1) EP0543704B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05312108A (en)
DE (1) DE69218342T2 (en)
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US5351668A (en) 1994-10-04
DE69218342D1 (en) 1997-04-24
DE69218342T2 (en) 1997-06-26
EP0543704B1 (en) 1997-03-19
FR2683862A1 (en) 1993-05-21
JPH05312108A (en) 1993-11-22

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