EP0540124B1 - Antennensystem für Satelliten-Kommunikation - Google Patents

Antennensystem für Satelliten-Kommunikation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0540124B1
EP0540124B1 EP19920203336 EP92203336A EP0540124B1 EP 0540124 B1 EP0540124 B1 EP 0540124B1 EP 19920203336 EP19920203336 EP 19920203336 EP 92203336 A EP92203336 A EP 92203336A EP 0540124 B1 EP0540124 B1 EP 0540124B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unit
antenna
satellite
antenna system
antenna elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19920203336
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0540124A1 (de
Inventor
Aurinsalo Jouko
Ismo Huhtinen
Arto Hujanen
Kalevi Laukkanen
Ilkka Marttila
Risto Mutanen
Ilkka Pitkänen
Tapio Salminen
Stefan Tallquist
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Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus
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Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus
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Publication of EP0540124A1 publication Critical patent/EP0540124A1/de
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Publication of EP0540124B1 publication Critical patent/EP0540124B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
    • H01Q3/242—Circumferential scanning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a satellite antenna system defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • This known steerable antenna system is suitable to be used for mobile communications.
  • the invention aims to propose an antenna system of the above-mentioned kind which is economical in production costs and does suitable for mass production, can be fitted in a small space and retains the advantages obtained by the configuration as proposed in the above-mentioned publication.
  • the specific structure as described in claim 3 not only has the advantage of being stiff, but also provides a good isolation between neighbouring antenna elements. Furthermore, there is a stabilizing effect on the impedance of the feedpoint.
  • each active antenna unit composed of two antenna elements
  • the beam of each active antenna unit can be adjusted at, for instance, ⁇ 7° with respect to the average normal direction of the antenna elements, so that flexible and reliable tracking of a satellite is possible.
  • the beam of each active antenna unit composed of two antenna elements
  • the circular configuration at least twice the number (thus 24) of beams can be produced, which cover the azimuth plane without any gaps.
  • the elevation angles of all antenna elements are set to the same position in the azimuth plane, so that the elevation angles of all the beams of the antenna elements are correct with respect to the location of the satellite.
  • the satellite acquisition routines function rapidly after switching the system on.
  • the system also takes into account a fairly large steering error of the radiator unit, with respect to the band width and gain loss of the antenna element.
  • an advantage of the system is that the signal to noise ratio is small.
  • the antenna system functions reliably irrespective of changes in short and long term signal levels.
  • Yet another advantage of the antenna system is that it is rapidly recovered from disturbance situations.
  • the antenna system causes a minimal amount of distortion to communication channels.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 are schematical illustrations of a satellite antenna system of the invention.
  • the antenna system comprises a radiator unit 1', with a number of identical antenna elements 1; 1 1 - 1 12 and their ground planes 9; 9 1 - 9 12 , which are arranged on a disc-like base element 2. They are installed adjacently in a circular configuration, on the periphery of the base element 2. They are arranged at regular intervals from each other, so that they cover the whole circumference sector by sector.
  • the radiator unit 1' is formed of twelve antenna elements 1 1 - 1 12 and twelve ground planes 9 1 - 9 12 .
  • the antenna system also includes support members 3, whereby the elements 1 1 - 1 12 and their ground planes 9 1 - 9 12 of the radiator unit 1' are arranged at a suitable elevation angle ⁇ with respect to the base element 2.
  • the support members 3 are for instance support bars, which are adjustable in length, either stepwise or continuously, manually or by means of a suitable actuator, in order to adjust the elevation angle ⁇ .
  • the antenna system also includes the control unit 4 and the switching unit 5.
  • the antenna elements 1 1 - 1 12 to one and the same active antenna unit, for instance 6, there belong simultaneously two antenna elements 1 7 , 1 8 , which are chosen by means of the control unit 4 and the switching unit 5 to receive circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation from a desired direction, and to transmit the same to essentially the same direction.
  • the satellite antenna system is provided with a radome 7 in order to protect the antenna elements 1 1 - 1 12 and other equipment pertaining to the antenna system.
  • the antenna elements 1; 1 1 - 1 12 are identical, discrete travelling-wave type air dielectric elements, as is illustrated in figures 3a and 3b.
  • Each antenna element 1 is formed of a thin plate 8 made of some conductive material, advantageously metal such as copper or brass.
  • the antenna element 1 includes a platelike part, i.e. curved part 8a, which has a standard width and is essentially circular in shape. This curved part 8a fills a 270° sector of the circle. The nominal electric length of the curved part 8a is near the employed wavelength.
  • the curved part 8a is fitted at a standard distance h from the ground plane 9.
  • narrowing points 8b, 8c advantageously having the shape of an isosceles triangle.
  • the points 8b, 8c are arranged, with respect to the plane of the curved part 8a, at an angle towards the ground plane 9. They are advantageously made of the same uniform plate material as the curved part 8a and bent thereof. In between the points 8b, 8c there is a slot 10.
  • the tips of the points 8b, 8c are formed to be blunt, and are advantageously cut as straight blunt tips 8d, 8e, as is illustrated in figure 3a. In the vicinity of the straight-cut tips 8d, 8e, unsymmetrically with respect to the medium lines D-D, E-E of the points 8b, 8c, i.e.
  • poles 11, 12 there are arranged the poles 11, 12.
  • One pole serves as the feed pole, and the other as the load.
  • the points 8b, 8c as blunt points, particularly as straight-cut blunt tips 8d, 8e, and by placing the poles 11, 12 in an unsymmetrical fashion, there is achieved an optimal matching (roughly 50 ohm) in between the antenna elements 14, 15 and the feed/reception circuit.
  • the antenna element is symmetrical with respect to the straight line F-F running in the middle of the slot 10 and parallelly thereto.
  • both poles 11, 12 can serve either as feed or load poles.
  • Coupling pins lead from the poles 11, 12 through the ground plane 9, electrically insulated therefrom, to the other side of the ground plane, where they are connected to the switching unit 5 and to the matched loads 15 (cf. figure 4).
  • the antenna element 1 is attached, by means of coupling pins, to the ground plane 9 serving as the base, but in such a fashion that an electrical connection is not created, i.e. an insulating plate or film is left in the coupling.
  • the antenna element 1 is supported, most advantageously in the middle of the curved part 8a, by an electrically insulating support 10a against the ground plane 9.
  • the radiation power of the antenna element 1; 1 1 - 1 12 can be adjusted by adjusting the width b of the curved part 8a of the plate 8, as well as its distance h from the ground plane 9.
  • An optimal antenna gain is achieved, when roughly 90% of the power fed in the antenna element produces radiation and 10% is absorbed in the matched load.
  • the active antenna unit for instance 6 in figure 1, is formed electrically by choosing two adjacent antenna elements, such as 1 7 , 1 8 from among the antenna elements 1 1 - 1 12 .
  • two adjacent antenna elements such as 1 7 , 1 8 from among the antenna elements 1 1 - 1 12 .
  • an optimal gain value and optimal width of the beam depend on the shape and size of the ground plane 9; 9 1 - 9 12 .
  • the direction of the main beam maximum is somewhat dependent on the used frequency, and deviates from the ground plane normal for about 5 - 15°. This angle deviation is also dependent on the shape of the ground plane.
  • the ground plane 9 is a trapezoid plane, the edges 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d whereof are turned upwards, so that the ground plane forms a shallow trough (note: in figure 3a, the edges are turned to horizontal plane for illustrative purposes).
  • the central width 1 of the ground plane 9 is of the same order as the total width of the plate 8 and the distance a between the antenna elements, and the length k of the ground plane in turn is of the order 1.5 - 2.0 x a.
  • the depth s of the trough-like ground plane is of the order 0.1a.
  • the ground plane 9 is made of some suitable conductive material, such as aluminium.
  • FIG 4 is a block diagram of the satellite antenna system of the invention.
  • the feed points 11; 11 1 - 11 12 of the antenna elements 1; 1 1 - 1 12 of the radiator unit 1' are connected to the two switch groups 13, 14 of the switching unit 5, and respectively the second points 12; 12 1 - 12 12 are connected to the matched loads 15; 15 1 - 15 12 .
  • the antenna elements 1 1 - 1 12 are grouped so that adjacent elements 1 1 , 1 2 ; 1 2 , 1 3 ; 1 3 , 1 4 , ... are connected to different switch groups 13, 14. Thus the antenna elements 1 1 - 1 12 are connected alternately to the first switch group 13 or to the second switch group 14.
  • each switch group 13, 14, has six outputs 13; 13 1 - 13 6 and 14; 14 1 - 14 6 .
  • the switch groups are controlled so that two adjacent elements 1 1 , 1 2 ; 1 2 , 1 3 ; ... can always be chosen to function simultaneously as an active antenna unit.
  • the inputs 16, 17 of the switch groups 13, 14 are connected to the power divider and phase shifter unit 18.
  • the power divider and phase shifter unit 18 comprises two phase shifters, i.e. the first phase shifter 19 and the second phase shifter 20, and a 180° hybrid 21.
  • the first input 21a of the hybrid 21 is the input of the power divider and phase shifter unit 18, and it is connected to the detecting and measuring unit 29, as well as to the receiver-transmitter unit (not illustrated in the drawing).
  • the second of the inputs of the hybrid 21 is grounded through the load 22.
  • the outputs 21c, 21d of the hybrid 21 are respectively connected to the input of the first phase shifter 19 and to the input of the second phase shifter 20.
  • the hybrid 21 is schematically illustrated in figure 5.
  • the input and output ports are denoted with the same reference numbers as in figure 4.
  • the input port 21a is a difference or D-port
  • the input port 21b is a sum or S-port.
  • the phase shifters 19, 20 are realized by means of transmission cables and switch members, as is seen in figure 6.
  • the phase shifter 19, 20 includes two parallel transmission cables 23a, 23b and 24a, 24b connected at one end to both the input and output port P1, P2, and transmission cables 25a, 25b connected in between the ports.
  • the phase shifter 19, 20 comprises switch members 28a and 28b installed at both ports P1, P2, at the ends of the matching cables 26a, 26b; 27a, 27b.
  • the switch members 28a, 28b are realized by means of suitable diodes, and they can be switched to on and off positions. Both switch members 28a, 28b are simultaneously in the same state, so that the phase shifter 19, 20 is symmetrical in structure.
  • the shifting properties of the phase shifter 19, 20 from the port P1 to the port P2 or vice versa are thus similar.
  • Such a loaded line type phase shifter 19, 20 has small losses and a wide frequency band.
  • the phase shifter has good matching properties.
  • a preferred embodiment of the power divider and phase shifter unit 18 is illustrated as a layout in figure 7.
  • the hybrid 21 and the phase shifters 19, 20 are produced on the same substrate by using the microslip method.
  • the phase shifters 19, 20 are optimized to create a 33° phase shift. This means a roughly 14° ( ⁇ 7° from straight middle line) angle difference for the beams obtained from the active antenna unit.
  • the phase shifters 19, 20 are utilized in steering the beam while performing the satellite tracking.
  • the switches 28a, 28b of the phase shifter 19, 20 By suitably manipulating the switches 28a, 28b of the phase shifter 19, 20, it is possible to move from the "right” beam to the "left” beam or to the middle beam “mid”, which beams are illustrated in figure 8a.
  • the switching from the "right” beam to the "left” beam of vice versa is realized so, that the states of both switch members 28a, 28b of the phase shifters 19, 20 are changed.
  • the phase shifters become mirror images as regards their properties.
  • the state of only one switch member, either 28a or 28b is changed, the beam is shifted from the middle beam "mid” either to the "right” or “left” beam.
  • the width of the beams is somewhat affected by the elevation angle ⁇ , and also the employed reception and transmission band.
  • the above explained power divider and phase shifter unit 18 is mainly designed for the frequency band 1,5 - 1,7 GHz.
  • An active antenna unit is formed of two adjacent antenna elements 1 1 , 1 2 ; 1 2 , 1 3 , ...
  • the active antenna unit there can be arranged two beams as was explained above, the said beams deviating up to even 15°.
  • the radiator unit 1 By means of the radiator unit 1, a twofold number of beams is produced on the circle as compared to the number of the antenna elements 1 1 - 1 12 .
  • 24 beams can be produced with 12 antenna elements, the said beams being spaced essentially evenly in a circular configuration in the azimuth plane. This is illustrated in figure 8b.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates, in the form of a block diagram, the steering unit 30 together with the connector and peripheral devices.
  • the steering unit 30 comprises a data processing unit 31a and a connected memory unit 31b.
  • To the data processing unit 31a there is further connected, by a suitable bus 32, a number of peripheral devices through the intermediation of the connector units, for instance the elevation angle detector 33 by intermediation of its connector unit 34, the A/D converter 35 of the detecting and measuring unit 29, the phase shifter switching unit 36 and the control 37 of the support members.
  • the control unit 4 of the switching unit 5 also is connected to the bus 32 of the steering unit 30.
  • the steering unit 30 includes a connector unit 38 for feeding information, such as programming and other information for the steering device, and a connector unit 39 for connecting the steering unit to external systems.
  • the steering unit 30 advantageously comprises a compass connector unit 40 in order to connect a compass 41 to the system.
  • the connector unit 34 of the elevation angle detector is connected to the elevation angle detector 33 measuring the elevation angle a of the antenna elements 1, and the said detector 33 is arranged in between the base element 3 and the antenna elements 1; 1 1 - 1 12 (cf. figure 2).
  • the detecting and measuring unit 29 contains an intermediate frequency unit and a rf-detector, as well as a measuring unit for measuring the rf-level. This measuring signal is fed to the steering unit via the A/D converter 35.
  • the switching unit 36 is connected to the switch members 28a, 28b of the phase shifters 19 and 20 of the power divider and phase shifter unit 18.
  • the support members 3 are provided with an actuator 42 (cf. figure 2), such as electric motor, in order to lengthen and shorten the support members 3.
  • the control 37 of the support members is connected to the actuator 42 of the support members.
  • the acquisition and tracking of the satellite is carried out as follows.
  • the elevation angle a of the elements 1 1 - 1 12 of the radiator unit 1 is checked. If the elevation angle a does not correspond the location of the land terminal with respect to the latitude and the satellite, it is adjusted for instance at 10° intervals between 10 - 50°. The form and width of the beam is such, that the 10° adjusting steps are sufficient for a good antenna gain and signal to noise ratio.
  • the correcting of the elevation angle ⁇ is carried out by adjusting the length of the support members 3 to be suitable by means of the actuator 42 of the support members, so that the desired elevation angle ⁇ is achieved.
  • the information of the elevation angle ⁇ is sent to the steering unit 30 through the elevation angle detector 33.
  • the radio frequency level, i.e. rf-level of the satellite is measured by means of the detecting and measuring unit 29, by activating a pair of antenna elements 1 1 , 1 2 ; 1 2 , 1 3 ; 1 3 , 1 4 ; etc, one pair at a time, so that all of the antenna elements 1 1 - 1 12 are checked.
  • the measured rf-level values, obtained from the said antenna units activated in succession, are recorded in the memory 31b. During this measurement, the beams of each pair of antenna elements are observed, both the right and the left beam, so that the azimuth plane will be scanned throughout by the beams illustrated in figure 8b.
  • the radiator unit 1' When the first series of measurements is made, in the radiator unit 1' there is activated that pair of antenna elements which gave the maximum rf-level signal. Thereafter the system proceeds to tracking.
  • the tracking phase is based on the tracking of the rf-signal level by means of two beams, i.e. the left and the right beam, as was explaned above in connection with the devider and phase shifter unit.
  • the steering unit can be provided with an electric compass 41 or other such detector, so that the turning of the vehicle can be observed, and the steering unit 30 can be effectively helped in maintaining the radiator unit steered to the satellite.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Ein Satelliten-Antennensystem, insbesondere für bewegliche Landfunk-Sprechverbindungen, umfassend eine Strahlereinheit (1'), die zu den Satelliten in der Azimut-Ebene verstellbar und aus einer Anzahl Antennenelemente (1; 11 - 112) und ihren Bodenflächen (9; 91 - 912) gebildet ist, eine Regel- und Steuereinheit (4) und eine Schalteinheit (5), wobei die Antennenelemente (11 - 112) der Strahlereinheit (1') zusammen mit ihren Bodenflächen (91 - 912) zueinander benachbart in einer kreisförmigen Anordnung angeordnet sind, so daß unter den Antennenelementen (11 - 112) gleichzeitig zwei benachbarte Antennenelemente (17, 18) zu einer aktiven Antenneneinheit (6) gehören und die zwei Elemente durch die Steuer- und Regeleinheit (4) und die Schalteinheit (5) ausgewählt sind, um zirkular polarisierte elektromagnetische Strahlung aus einer gewünschten Richtung zu empfangen und in der im wesentlichen gleichen Richtung weiter zu übertragen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    jedes der Antennenelemente (1; 11 - 112) aus einer dünnen Platte (8) aus leitendem Material gebildet ist und daß jedes Antennenelement (1; 11 - 112) ein plattenähnliches, kreisförmiges Teil, z.B. ein gekrümmtes Teil (8a), das eine genormte (Richt-)Weite (b) hat und in einem genormten Abstand (h) von den Bodenflächen (9; 91 - 912) angeordnet ist, und sich verengende, zugespitze Endteile (8b, 8c) umfaßt, die sich an beiden Enden des gekrümmten Teiles (8a) befinden und unter einem Winkel mit Bezug zu der Ebene des gekrümmten Teiles (8a) und zur Bodenfläche (99) hin angeordnet sind, und zwar mit an den Spitzen dieser zugespitzten Enden (8b, 8c) angeordneten Polen (11, 12), von denen der erste mit der Zuführ-/Empfangsschaltung verbunden ist und der zweite mit der Last (15).
  2. Das Satelliten-Antennensystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zugespitzten Enden (8b, 8c) jedes Antennenelementes als stumpfe Spitzen (8d, 8e) ausgebildet sind und daß die Pole (11, 12) in der Nachbarschaft dieser stumpfen Spitzen und unsymmetrisch mit Bezug zu der Form der Spitzen angeordnet sind.
  3. Das Satelliten-Antennensystem nach Anspruch 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bodenflächen (9; 91 - 912) jedes Antennenelementes (1; 11 - 112) als ein wannen- bzw. muldenförmiges Element ausgebildet sind, worin das Antennenelement (1; 11 - 112) installiert ist.
  4. Das Satelliten-Antennensystem nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schalteinheit (5) zwei Schaltergruppen (13, 14) umfaßt, wodurch zwei benachbarte Antennenelemente (11, 12; 12, 13; 13, 14; ...) aus einer gewünschten Stelle auf der kreisförmigen Anordnung ausgewählt werden können.
  5. Das Satelliten-Antennensystem nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Antennensystem einen Leistungsteiler- und eine Phasenschieber-Einheit (18) umfaßt, versehen mit zwei Phasenschiebern (19, 20) und einer 180° Hybrid-Schaltung (21), wobei die Leistungsteiler- und Phasenschieber-Einheit (18) mit der Schalt-Einheit (5) geschaltet ist.
  6. Das Satelliten-Antennensystem nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Phasenschieber (19, 20) zwei parallele Übertragungskabel (23a, 23b; 24a, 24b), die an einem Ende mit den Eingangs-und Ausgangs-Anschlüssen (P1, P2) verbunden sind; Übertragungskabel (25a, 25b), die zwischen den Eingangs- und Ausgangs-Anschlüssen (P1, P2) vorgesehen sind; und Schaltelemente (28a, 28b), die an den Enden der Anpassungskabel (26, 26b; 27a, 27b) installiert sind, die mit den Eingangs- und Ausgangs-Anschlüssen (P1, P2) verbunden sind, umfaßt, um die Phasenverschiebung zu realisieren.
  7. Das Satelliten-Antennensystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antennenelemente (1; 11 - 112) mit Stützelementen (3) versehen sind, wodurch die Antennenelemente unter einem geeigneten Steigungs- bzw. Neigungswinkel (a) mit Bezug zu der Azimut-Ebene (B-B) auf einem Basiselement (2) angeordnet sind, und daß die Stützelemente (3) vorzugsweise Justierelemente zum Justieren des Steigungs-bzw. Neigungswinkels (α) sind.
  8. Das Satelliten-Antennensystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Antennensystem mit einem Radom (Antennenkuppel) (7) abgedeckt ist.
  9. Das Satelliten-Antennensystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Antennensystem mit einer Steuer- bzw. Verstelleinheit (30) zum Bereitstellen und Verfolgen des Satelliten ausgestattet ist, wobei die Steuereinheit eine Ermittlungs- und Meßeinheit (29) zum Messen des RF-Signalpegels umfaßt, und daß die Steuer-/Verstelleinheit mit einer Steuer- und Regeleinheit (4) und einer Schalteinheit (5) verbunden ist, zum Auswählen von zwei zusammenarbeitenden Antennenelementen (z.B. 6) unter den Antennenelementen (1; 11 - 112), wobei die zwei gewählten Antennenelemente den besten Signalpegel der Datenverbindung mit dem Satelliten aufweisen.
EP19920203336 1991-10-30 1992-10-29 Antennensystem für Satelliten-Kommunikation Expired - Lifetime EP0540124B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI915134 1991-10-30
FI915134A FI91028C (fi) 1991-10-30 1991-10-30 Satelliittiantennijärjestely

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0540124A1 EP0540124A1 (de) 1993-05-05
EP0540124B1 true EP0540124B1 (de) 1998-01-14

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EP19920203336 Expired - Lifetime EP0540124B1 (de) 1991-10-30 1992-10-29 Antennensystem für Satelliten-Kommunikation

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EP (1) EP0540124B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69224033T2 (de)
FI (1) FI91028C (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2110205C (en) * 1992-11-30 1999-11-23 Noboru Toyama Mobile receiver for satellite broadcast
FR2771552B1 (fr) * 1997-11-27 2000-01-21 Univ Lille Sciences Tech Transducteur d'emission-reception d'energie radioelectrique hyperfrequence
DE19834577B4 (de) * 1998-07-31 2011-12-29 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Antennensystem
DE19845868A1 (de) * 1998-10-05 2000-04-06 Pates Tech Patentverwertung Doppelfokusplanarantenne
RU2233017C1 (ru) 2002-12-02 2004-07-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Алгоритм" Антенное устройство с управляемой диаграммой направленности и планарная направленная антенна
JP2014075646A (ja) * 2012-10-02 2014-04-24 Fujikura Ltd アンテナ装置およびスポイラー
KR101709076B1 (ko) * 2015-11-24 2017-02-22 현대자동차주식회사 안테나 장치 및 이를 포함하는 차량
US10128931B2 (en) 2016-07-20 2018-11-13 Kymeta Corporation Antenna combiner
CN106450714B (zh) * 2016-11-24 2019-03-29 电子科技大学 一种适用于阵列的宽带圆极化天线

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DE2839581A1 (de) * 1978-09-12 1980-03-20 Licentia Gmbh Weiche antennenumschaltung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI91028C (fi) 1994-04-25
FI91028B (fi) 1994-01-14
DE69224033D1 (de) 1998-02-19
EP0540124A1 (de) 1993-05-05
FI915134A0 (fi) 1991-10-30
FI915134A (fi) 1993-05-01
DE69224033T2 (de) 1998-08-13

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