EP0539309A1 - Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Lastregelung eines Kessels mit mechanischer Feuerungsroste - Google Patents

Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Lastregelung eines Kessels mit mechanischer Feuerungsroste Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0539309A1
EP0539309A1 EP92430025A EP92430025A EP0539309A1 EP 0539309 A1 EP0539309 A1 EP 0539309A1 EP 92430025 A EP92430025 A EP 92430025A EP 92430025 A EP92430025 A EP 92430025A EP 0539309 A1 EP0539309 A1 EP 0539309A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power
fuel
boiler
value
theoretical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92430025A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0539309B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Gauthier
Raymond Egéa
Michel Garin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Original Assignee
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA filed Critical Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Publication of EP0539309A1 publication Critical patent/EP0539309A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0539309B1 publication Critical patent/EP0539309B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/105—Furnace arrangements with endless chain or travelling grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
    • F23G2900/55009—Controlling stoker grate speed or vibrations for waste movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/08—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water
    • F23N1/10—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water and with air supply or draught
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
    • F23N2221/02—Pretreatment or prehandling using belt conveyors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/48—Learning / Adaptive control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/16—Controlling secondary air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2239/00—Fuels
    • F23N2239/02—Solid fuels

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a method and device for regulating charge for a boiler with a mechanical grate.
  • the technical sector of the invention is the field of mechanical grate boilers using solid fuel.
  • One of the main applications of the invention is the production of equipment allowing the power regulation of a boiler with a mechanical grate according to the needs of the use, while ensuring optimal combustion and despite possible variations in physical quality and solid fuel chemical.
  • some grate boilers are provided with a charge regulation system intended to maintain a vapor pressure or a constant water temperature at the outlet of boiler, as required.
  • This maintenance is carried out by varying the fuel flow by acting on the speed of the grate, by means of a regulator, as well as on the primary air flow, to maintain a ratio of air flow by compared to that of sufficient fuel.
  • the measurement in the event of a change in the apparent density of the fuel, its humidity and / or its calorific value, due for example to a change in particle size or source of supply, the measurement, entering the speed regulators of the grate and / or air flow, is not affected, while the amount of heat released is different.
  • a known device can be the use of an oxygen meter for measuring the oxygen content in the flue gases, content linked to the excess combustion air and which therefore makes it possible to carry out an automatic correction on the air flow after comparison of the value of the actual measurement with the theoretical value.
  • the problem posed is therefore to find a self-adapting device and method of regulation, which make it possible to overcome variations in the physical or chemical quality of the solid fuel, guaranteeing the maintenance of the optimal air / fuel ratio over the entire power range. of the boiler, without human intervention for at least 24 hours, making it possible to automatically adapt the power supplied by the boiler to the needs of the use, and this without the heating parameters, exceeding acceptable safety limits.
  • the height of the layer taking into account maximum and minimum speeds of the grid admissible for combustion, the secondary air flow as a function of the load and / or the position of the flaps. distribution of primary air in the blowing boxes under the grate, taking into account the oxygen content in the flue gases.
  • the regulation diagram as described in the present invention in FIG. 3 below, introduces perfect operational safety by making it possible, in particular, to ensure permanently during the rise or fall of the load, that the air flow remains greater than that necessary for the corresponding fuel flow, even in the event of mechanical failure on one of the actuators of the air supply and / or of the fuel.
  • Figure 1 is a simplified section known from the hearth of a mechanical grate boiler.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional diagram of a fuel layer.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of the operation of a regulation device and of a method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a known simplified section of a boiler with a mechanical grate 1 for solid fuel 2.
  • a grate 1 as a heating equipment allowing the displacement of the coal 2 in a thick layer 3 on a movable belt, and the combustion of this coal in the form of grains, without relative displacement relative to the support 1. It is a static combustion as opposed to combustions in sprayed form or in a fluidized bed which fall under the suspended mode.
  • the ignition of the coal takes place from top to bottom, thanks to an ignition vault 10, at the entrance of the hearth and the main oxidant circulates from bottom to top, thanks to primary air inlets 7 located under the grid. 1.
  • This consists of an endless chain forming a carpet and carrying the layer 3 of charcoal. It is driven by toothed wheels 11, mounted on a motor shaft connected to any mechanism drive not shown. Its movement is uniform and its speed adjustable "V".
  • the coal 2 flows by gravity from a hopper 4 placed at the entrance to the grid 1.
  • the height of fresh coal 13 or height of the layer deposited "h" at the entrance of the grid, is controlled by a flap 5 (door or regulator), whose opening can be adjusted.
  • the primary air 7 is blown under the grid, and the coal ignites thanks to the ignition vault 10 as soon as it arrives on the grid 1: if the speed thereof and the air flows are properly adjusted , the charcoal is completely burnt when it reaches the opposite end of the grate.
  • the ashes 16 are tilted into an ashtray 9 via the scraper 8.
  • the length of the fire on the grid 1 can also be modified by adjusting the distribution of the primary air 7 in the blowing boxes 24, and the loss or ascent of the fire fixes anyway as indicated above, minimum and maximum values for the speed "V" of the grid.
  • Q b is the power released, for example in kcal / h
  • V is the linear speed of the grid, for example in m / h h the height of the fuel layer 3, for example in
  • the self-adapting regulation device and method object of the invention has the effect of automatically correcting, thanks to the calculation unit 25 integrated in said device, the value of Ko to make it equal to the real value K, without know the precise instantaneous characteristics of the fuel that are ⁇ , d and PCI.
  • the process is based on the permanent comparison between the theoretical flow or burned power, calculated by the above formula and the power actually transmitted to the use circuit and measurable Qm, which is, for example for a hot water boiler from characteristics noted directly in the exchanger 17:
  • Qm Qeau x (Ts - Te) where: Qm is the power measured in Kcal / h; Qeau is the water flow rate passing through the exchanger 17 in Kg / h; Ts and Te are respectively the outlet and inlet temperatures of the water in this exchanger 17.
  • the correction made to the coefficient Ko according to the process could be very slow and discontinuous, such as for example 1% maximum with each correction occurring in a time interval which can also be 15 or 30 min, and up to to reach the new value of K, making the values of the above equality terms identical.
  • the maximum correction can be usefully capped.
  • the device as shown in this FIG. 3 is a load regulating device 26 for a mechanical boiler 1 with adjustable drive speed V, using solid fuel 2 supplied through a height regulator 5 of height "h" of layer 3 , and able to transmit to an exchanger circuit 17 an adjustable and measurable thermal power in a given range.
  • this device 26 essentially comprises a calculation unit 25 connected at least to different sensors for measuring said height "h", said speed "V” and the operating parameters of said exchanger circuit 17, and in which is stored in memory a coefficient Ko specific to the category and the quality of the fuel 2 used and depending on the characteristics of the latter, essentially its apparent density and its calorific value, and its filling coefficient, and its width on the grid 1
  • An improvement of the device and of the process according to the invention can be constituted by taking into account the oxygen content in the fumes 21, for the decision to correct the coefficient K. For this, it must be considered that indeed a coefficient Overestimated K leads to introducing overestimated burned power into the regulation, therefore causing too much air flow, which will result in a positive difference between the measured oxygen and the theoretical oxygen an underestimated K leads to reverse operation.
  • a device according to the invention comprises a member 28 such that it makes it possible to measure the oxygen content in the fumes 21 and to compare them 28 with the value of the theoretical oxygen content necessary in function of the power requested 191 by the regulator 18 of the exchanger 17 of the supply circuits: if the difference between the two said values is less than 10% by a signal sent by said member 28 for measurement and comparison with the system 291 control and air flow control 7, the oxygen content is first corrected by a corresponding variation in the air flow 7 sent to the combustion chamber 26 of said boiler before any correction of the coefficient K.
  • the height of the layer is modified in the limits allowed and discontinuously, in order to maintain the speed of the grid also within the authorized ranges, according to the constraints previously enacted.
  • the central operating range therefore corresponds to the ideal layer height "ho" and if the gate speed becomes too great such that with a large demanded power, the height goes to the high value to reduce it and conversely, if the speed of grid 1 becomes too low with a low power demand, the height changes to the low value to increase it.
  • a waiting time or hysteresis is provided on each threshold so as to avoid any beating between the two positions.
  • the secondary air flow 20 is essentially linked to the volatile matter content of the fuel 2, the latter emerging in the first part of the grid 1, as the heating and ignition of the fuel layer over its entire thickness.
  • this flow can be constant, but for others, it must be modified according to the load or the real power.
  • a solution according to the invention consists in providing a servomotor for controlling the supply flap of this secondary air 20, the position of which is fixed as a function of the load by a law programmed for example, in the calculation module 25, according to the quantity of coal or heat burned, effectively representative of the power and the actual load, as mentioned above.
  • the primary air to be judiciously distributed under the grid 1 according to the needs of the shape of the combustion layer 27 of FIG. 2, this primary air is supplied through boxes 24 located under said grid, or four to six boxes depending on the dimension thereof.
  • the spread of the fire on the grate also depends on the combustion layer 27 of the charge, because at 100% the line of fire will be a few tens of cm from the end of the grate, while at 25%, only the first half of the grate will be occupied by combustion, the second being only covered with ash.
  • Each position curve as a function of the load can be memorized for each box 24, the flap 23 of which will then be positioned, by a servomotor for example, as a function of the burnt coal flow rate, either of the power or of the load calculated previously: this will automatically give an ideal distribution of the primary combustion air for a given fuel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
EP92430025A 1991-10-25 1992-10-20 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Lastregelung eines Kessels mit mechanischer Feuerungsroste Expired - Lifetime EP0539309B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9113541A FR2683027B1 (fr) 1991-10-25 1991-10-25 Procede et dispositif de regulation de charge pour chaudiere a grille mecanique.
FR9113541 1991-10-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0539309A1 true EP0539309A1 (de) 1993-04-28
EP0539309B1 EP0539309B1 (de) 1995-09-20

Family

ID=9418567

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92430025A Expired - Lifetime EP0539309B1 (de) 1991-10-25 1992-10-20 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Lastregelung eines Kessels mit mechanischer Feuerungsroste

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0539309B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69204960T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2683027B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19820038A1 (de) * 1998-05-05 1999-11-25 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zum Regeln der Feuerleistung von Verbrennungsanlagen

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6918487B2 (en) 2003-02-12 2005-07-19 Graphic Packaging International, Inc. Dispensing system for double stack carton
US7614497B2 (en) 2003-10-15 2009-11-10 Graphic Packaging International, Inc. Display/vending carton
DE102020005202A1 (de) * 2020-08-25 2022-03-03 Maxitrol GmbH & Co. KG Einrichtung zur elektronischen Regelung für Kaminöfen mit unterem Abbrand

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4408569A (en) * 1981-11-18 1983-10-11 Phillips Petroleum Company Control of a furnace
US4545009A (en) * 1981-11-30 1985-10-01 Kurashiki Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel combustion control system
US4576570A (en) * 1984-06-08 1986-03-18 Republic Steel Corporation Automatic combustion control apparatus and method
US4676734A (en) * 1986-05-05 1987-06-30 Foley Patrick J Means and method of optimizing efficiency of furnaces, boilers, combustion ovens and stoves, and the like

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59164823A (ja) * 1983-03-10 1984-09-18 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 移動床ドラム形石炭焚ボイラ

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4408569A (en) * 1981-11-18 1983-10-11 Phillips Petroleum Company Control of a furnace
US4545009A (en) * 1981-11-30 1985-10-01 Kurashiki Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel combustion control system
US4576570A (en) * 1984-06-08 1986-03-18 Republic Steel Corporation Automatic combustion control apparatus and method
US4676734A (en) * 1986-05-05 1987-06-30 Foley Patrick J Means and method of optimizing efficiency of furnaces, boilers, combustion ovens and stoves, and the like

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 9, no. 18 (M-353)(1741) 25 Janvier 1985 & JP-A-59 164 823 ( MITSUBISHI JUKOGYO ) 19 Septembre 1984 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19820038A1 (de) * 1998-05-05 1999-11-25 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zum Regeln der Feuerleistung von Verbrennungsanlagen
EP0955499A3 (de) * 1998-05-05 2000-02-02 MARTIN GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zum Regeln der Feuerleistung von Verbrennungsanlagen
DE19820038C2 (de) * 1998-05-05 2000-03-23 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zum Regeln der Feuerleistung von Verbrennungsanlagen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0539309B1 (de) 1995-09-20
FR2683027B1 (fr) 1994-02-04
DE69204960T2 (de) 1996-04-25
DE69204960D1 (de) 1995-10-26
FR2683027A1 (fr) 1993-04-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5037291A (en) Method and apparatus for optimizing fuel-to-air ratio in the combustible gas supply of a radiant burner
FR2665941A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour regler le rapport combustible-air de l'alimentation en gaz inflammable d'un bruleur a rayonnement.
US20090148798A1 (en) Method for Starting a Combustion Device Under Unknown Basic Conditions
FR2605388A1 (fr) Bruleur
FR2461200A1 (fr) Systeme de chauffage a cheminee d'echappement
CA2764748C (fr) Procede de regulation d'un four de cuisson d'anodes et four adapte a sa mise en oeuvre
FR2477267A1 (fr) Procede et appareil d'optimisation d'une zone de combustion a tirage naturel
EP0012091A1 (de) Verfahren und Anlage zur Behandlung von Industriemüll
EP0971171B1 (de) Verbrennunungsverfahren eines Brennstoffes mit einem sauerstoffreichen Oxidationsmittel
EP0539309B1 (de) Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Lastregelung eines Kessels mit mechanischer Feuerungsroste
FR2531724A1 (fr) Dispositif de broyage, de sechage et de transport d'un combustible broye destine a un haut fourneau
EP0665407A1 (de) System zum Einspritzen von Schlamm zur Verbrennung in einem Müllverbrennungsofen, Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb und Ofen
FR2975463A1 (fr) Dispositif et procede de regulation de la combustion d'une chaudiere a biomasse
FR2538506A1 (fr) Capteur d'ionisation electronique pour la commande automatique de la demande d'air dans un appareil chauffe au gaz
EP4055325B1 (de) Verbrennungsvorrichtung
EP0375494B1 (de) Automatisches Regel-Verfahren und Einrichtung für einen Festbrennstoff-Heizkessel mit unterbrochener Ladung und erzwungenem Zug, insbesondere für Holz-Heizkessel
FR2661733A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif de controle et de commande de la combustion d'un combustible solide qui se deplace en nappe dans un foyer.
FR2590001A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour la production d'air chaud, dans lesquels on produit des gaz chauds auxquels on ajoute de l'eau qui s'evapore et est melangee aux gaz
ES2265927T3 (es) Un proceso de incineracion de material solido combustible.
EP3819543A1 (de) Regelvorrichtung einer verbrennungsanlage sowie entsprechende verbrennungsanlage
FR2545935A1 (fr) Procede et moyen pour mesurer la temperature des cendres dans une unite de gazeification
EP0088717A1 (de) Verfahren zum Optimieren des Betriebes eines Ofens
FR2507289A1 (fr) Procede et dispositifs pour reguler simultanement l'allure de marche d'un bruleur et d'un gazogene alimentant ce bruleur
CA1285179C (en) Method for controlling incineration in combustor for radioactive wastes
FR2732756A1 (fr) Chaudiere a couche posee et procede de conduite de chaudiere avec reduction des emissions d'oxydes d'azote

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE DE ES GB IT LU NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19930421

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19950113

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE DE ES GB IT LU NL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19950920

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 19950920

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19950920

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19950920

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69204960

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19951026

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19951031

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19951031

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]

Effective date: 19950920

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: ENTREPRISE GENERALE DE CHAUFFAGE INDUSTRIEL PILLA

Effective date: 19951031

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19961230

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980701