EP0538733A1 - Use of a cartridge for the loading and the firing of a diabolo type projectile - Google Patents

Use of a cartridge for the loading and the firing of a diabolo type projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0538733A1
EP0538733A1 EP92117602A EP92117602A EP0538733A1 EP 0538733 A1 EP0538733 A1 EP 0538733A1 EP 92117602 A EP92117602 A EP 92117602A EP 92117602 A EP92117602 A EP 92117602A EP 0538733 A1 EP0538733 A1 EP 0538733A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cartridge
projectile
cartridge according
gas
primer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92117602A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0538733B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Phys. Matysik
Walter Heitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wilhelm Brenneke KG Fabrikation von Jagdgeschossen
Mayer and Grammelspacher Dianawerk GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Wilhelm Brenneke KG Fabrikation von Jagdgeschossen
Mayer and Grammelspacher Dianawerk GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Wilhelm Brenneke KG Fabrikation von Jagdgeschossen, Mayer and Grammelspacher Dianawerk GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Wilhelm Brenneke KG Fabrikation von Jagdgeschossen
Publication of EP0538733A1 publication Critical patent/EP0538733A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0538733B1 publication Critical patent/EP0538733B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/04—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/60—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/02—Cartridges
    • F42B8/04—Blank cartridges, i.e. primed cartridges without projectile but containing an explosive or combustible powder charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cartridge for a hand weapon according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is based on the idea of improving a cartridge of this type in such a way that the projectile remains intact despite the high pressure which arises when the gaseous medium is ignited.
  • a chamber is provided between the projectile and the primer for the expansion of the gaseous agent formed during the ignition process.
  • the pressure of the gaseous medium that is the pressure surge, is reduced so strongly and extended in its action time that the pressure acting on the projectile can be kept within tolerable limits.
  • this expansion chamber depends on the respective circumstances; if necessary, it can be determined empirically. With certain requirements a volume of approximately 100 mm3 has proven to be expedient.
  • the following substances can be provided as gas-generating agents: picric acid, tricinate, tetrazene, barium nitrate, calcium silicide, lead azide and lead resorcinate.
  • baffle-like internals are arranged in the expansion chamber, which influence the gas pressure buildup on the floor in a favorable manner.
  • the end of the cartridge on the projectile side with a thin membrane is advantageous. Like. Covered in order to switch off any contaminants entering the expansion chamber from the outside and to make manipulations more difficult.
  • a predetermined breaking point can be provided on the cartridge, which responds immediately at a freely selectable maximum pressure. This predetermined breaking point is of great importance, if the amount of the gas-generating agent in the primer or the addition in the expansion chamber increases the output by manipulation.
  • the cartridge of the invention can be used for a number of purposes, including also used in pest control. Use in the vehicle sector to trigger any switching and control processes is also conceivable.
  • the cartridge of a hand weapon for. B. an air rifle
  • 2 indicates the primer, which in the illustrated embodiment consists of a suitably deep-drawn bowl 3 made of metal, which gas generating agent 4 takes.
  • This gas-generating agent 4 which can be, for example, picric acid, tricinate, tetrazene, barium nitrate, calcium silicide, lead azide and lead resorcinate, is covered with a film 5 in order to prevent harmful environmental influences from the outset.
  • the primer 2 is inserted into a sleeve 6, the component of which is an anvil 7, which is surrounded by a plurality of bores 8 which are concentric to it and through which the gaseous agent 4 formed during the ignition process passes.
  • a projectile is indicated, which has a diabolic shape in the present case.
  • an expansion chamber 10 is provided, in which, depending on their size, the gases entering through the bores 8 are relaxed to such an extent that the floor 9 remains undamaged in any case.
  • baffled internals are expediently provided.
  • a filter 11 is selected for this purpose, which retains any ash residues and the filling of high-energy substances, e.g. B. nitrocellulose powder prevented.
  • a filter 10 has been dispensed with, the baffle-like internals being indicated by the reference number 14.
  • the end of the cartridge on the projectile side is covered with a thin membrane 13.
  • predetermined breaking points 15 are provided on the cartridge which, when a predetermined maximum pressure is exceeded, discharge the gases via corresponding channels in the barrel of the handgun.
  • the handgun is loaded and operated as follows: First, the breech 16 of the hand weapon is opened and the projectile 9 is inserted into the barrel 17 by being pressed in with the cartridge 1, whereby a pre-calibration is carried out. Subsequently, the cartridge 1 is inserted into the barrel 17 as disclosed in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawing. By triggering the firing pin 18 and striking the primer 2, the gas-generating agent 4 is ignited, the gases which form thereby entering the expansion chamber 10 via the bores 8. As a result, the gases acting on the floor 9 are reduced to such an extent that damage or destruction thereof is avoided in all cases.
  • the anvil 7 is replaced by an insert 19 which has obliquely outwardly pointing arms which are firmly connected to the bowl 3 at their ends.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Lighters Containing Fuel (AREA)
  • Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
  • Optical Record Carriers And Manufacture Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cartridge for a handgun, according to the precharacterising clause of Claim 1. <??>In order neither to damage nor to destroy the round despite the high-pressure gaseous medium produced during detonation, it is proposed according to the invention to provide between the round and the detonating capsule a chamber for expansion of the gaseous medium which is produced during the detonation process.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kartusche für eine Handwaffe nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a cartridge for a hand weapon according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die Praxis hat gezeigt, daß durch den nach der Zündung entstehenden hohen Druck in der kurzen Zeit der Gasentwicklung des gaserzeugenden Mittels die Massenträgheit des Geschosses nicht überwunden wird, so daß es beim Abschuß beschädigt oder gar zerstört wird.Practice has shown that the high inertia of the projectile is not overcome by the high pressure arising after the ignition in the short period of gas evolution of the gas-generating agent, so that it is damaged or even destroyed when fired.

Die Erfindung geht von der Überlegung aus, eine Kartusche dieser Art so zu verbessern, daß das Geschoß trotz des hohen Druckes, der bei der Zündung des gasförmigen Mittels entsteht, unversehrt bleibt.The invention is based on the idea of improving a cartridge of this type in such a way that the projectile remains intact despite the high pressure which arises when the gaseous medium is ignited.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei der Kartusche nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 dadurch gelöst, daß zwischen dem Geschoß und der Zündkapsel eine Kammer zur Expansion des beim Zündvorgang entstehenden gasförmigen Mittels vorgesehen ist. Durch die Expansionskammer wird der Druck des gasförmigen Mittels, also der Druckstoß, so stark abgebaut und in seiner Einwirkungszeit so verlängert, daß der auf das Geschoß zur Einwirkung gelangende Druck in erträglichen Grenzen gehalten werden kann.This object is achieved in the cartridge according to the preamble of claim 1 in that a chamber is provided between the projectile and the primer for the expansion of the gaseous agent formed during the ignition process. Through the expansion chamber, the pressure of the gaseous medium, that is the pressure surge, is reduced so strongly and extended in its action time that the pressure acting on the projectile can be kept within tolerable limits.

Die Größe dieser Expansionskammer hängt von den jeweiligen Gegebenheiten ab; sie kann ggf. empirisch ermittelt werden. Bei bestimmten Vorgaben hat sich ein Volumen von etwa 100 mm³ als zweckmäßig herausgestellt.The size of this expansion chamber depends on the respective circumstances; if necessary, it can be determined empirically. With certain requirements a volume of approximately 100 mm³ has proven to be expedient.

Als gaserzeugendes Mittel können folgende Stoffe vorgesehen werden: Pikrinsäure, Trizinat, Tetrazen, Bariumnitrat, Kalziumsilizid, Bleiazid und Bleiresorzinat.The following substances can be provided as gas-generating agents: picric acid, tricinate, tetrazene, barium nitrate, calcium silicide, lead azide and lead resorcinate.

Die Erfindung ist aber auf diese Stoffauswahl keineswegs beschränkt.However, the invention is by no means restricted to this selection of substances.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung sind in der Expansionskammer schikaneartige Einbauten angeordnet, welche den Gasdruckaufbau am Geschoß in günstiger Weise beeinflussen.According to a further feature of the invention, baffle-like internals are arranged in the expansion chamber, which influence the gas pressure buildup on the floor in a favorable manner.

Wenn man als schikaneartige Einbauten einen Filter vorsieht, dann hat man den zusätzlichen Vorteil, etwaige in dem gasförmigen Mittel nach der Zündung enthaltene Verunreinigungen, z. B. in Form von Ascheresten, zurückzuhalten.If you provide a filter as baffle-like internals, then you have the additional advantage of any impurities contained in the gaseous medium after ignition, for. B. in the form of ash residues.

Vorteilhaft ist das geschosseitige Ende der Kartusche mit einer dünnen Membran u. dgl. abgedeckt, um etwaige, von außen in die Expansionskammer eindringende Verunreinigungen von vorn herein auszuschalten und Manipulationen zu erschweren.The end of the cartridge on the projectile side with a thin membrane is advantageous. Like. Covered in order to switch off any contaminants entering the expansion chamber from the outside and to make manipulations more difficult.

Schließlich kann nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung an der Kartusche eine Sollbruchstelle vorgesehen werden, welche bei einem frei wählbaren maximalen Druck sofort anspricht. Diese Sollbruchstelle ist namentlich dann von großer Bedeutung, wenn durch Manipulation die Menge des in der Zündkapsel befindlichen gaserzeugenden Mittels oder durch Zusätze in der Expansionskammer die Leistung erhöht wird.Finally, according to a further feature of the invention, a predetermined breaking point can be provided on the cartridge, which responds immediately at a freely selectable maximum pressure. This predetermined breaking point is of great importance, if the amount of the gas-generating agent in the primer or the addition in the expansion chamber increases the output by manipulation.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kartusche läßt sich für eine Reihe von Zwecken, u.a. auch in der Schädlingsbekämpfung einsetzen. Auch der Einsatz im Fahrzeugbereich zur Auslösung irgendwelcher Schalt- und Steuervorgänge ist denkbar.The cartridge of the invention can be used for a number of purposes, including also used in pest control. Use in the vehicle sector to trigger any switching and control processes is also conceivable.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kartusche ist nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher veranschaulicht. Die Zeichnung zeigt in rein schematischer Weise:

  • Figur 1 einen senkrechten Schnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform der Kartusche gemäß der Erfindung, wobei das dazugehörige Geschoß in strichpunktiertem Linienzug dargestellt ist,
  • Figur 2 ein der Anordnung nach Figur 1 entsprechender Schnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform der Kartusche gemäß der Erfindung,
  • Figur 3 einen Teilschnitt durch eine etwas abgewandelte Form der Zündkapsel der erfindungsgemäßen Kartusche.
The cartridge according to the invention is illustrated below with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows in a purely schematic manner:
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through a first embodiment of the cartridge according to the invention, the associated projectile being shown in dash-dotted lines,
  • FIG. 2 shows a section corresponding to the arrangement according to FIG. 1 through a second embodiment of the cartridge according to the invention,
  • 3 shows a partial section through a somewhat modified form of the primer of the cartridge according to the invention.

Mit 1 ist die Kartusche einer Handwaffe, z. B. eines Luftgewehres bezeichnet, während mit 2 die Zündkapsel angedeutet ist, welche bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform aus einem zweckmäßig tiefgezogenen Napf 3 aus Metall besteht, der das gaserzeugende Mittel 4 aufnimmt. Dieses gaserzeugende Mittel 4, welches beispielsweise Pikrinsäure, Trizinat, Tetrazen, Bariumnitrat, Kalziumsilizid, Bleiazid und Bleiresorzinat sein kann, ist mit einem Film 5 abgedeckt, um schädliche Umwelteinflüsse von vorn herein fernzuhalten. Die Zündkapsel 2 ist in eine Hülse 6 eingesetzt, deren Bestandteil ein Amboß 7 ist, der von mehreren konzentrisch zu ihm liegenden Bohrungen 8 umgeben ist, durch welche das beim Zündvorgang entstehende gasförmige Mittel 4 hindurchtritt.With 1 the cartridge of a hand weapon, for. B. an air rifle, while 2 indicates the primer, which in the illustrated embodiment consists of a suitably deep-drawn bowl 3 made of metal, which gas generating agent 4 takes. This gas-generating agent 4, which can be, for example, picric acid, tricinate, tetrazene, barium nitrate, calcium silicide, lead azide and lead resorcinate, is covered with a film 5 in order to prevent harmful environmental influences from the outset. The primer 2 is inserted into a sleeve 6, the component of which is an anvil 7, which is surrounded by a plurality of bores 8 which are concentric to it and through which the gaseous agent 4 formed during the ignition process passes.

Mit 9 ist ein Geschoß angedeutet, welches im vorliegenden Falle Diaboloform hat. Zwischen dem Geschoß 9 und der Zündkapsel 2 ist eine Expansionskammer 10 vorgesehen, in welcher entsprechend ihrer Größe die über die Bohrungen 8 eintretenden Gase so weit entspannt werden, daß das Geschoß 9 auf alle Fälle unebschädigt bleibt.With 9 a projectile is indicated, which has a diabolic shape in the present case. Between the floor 9 and the primer 2, an expansion chamber 10 is provided, in which, depending on their size, the gases entering through the bores 8 are relaxed to such an extent that the floor 9 remains undamaged in any case.

In der Expansionskammer 10 sind zweckmäßig schikaneartige Einbauten vorgesehen. Bei der in Fig. 1 der Zeichnung dargestellten Verwirklichungsform ist hierfür ein Filter 11 gewählt, welcher eventuelle Aschereste zurückhält und das Einfüllen von energiereichen Stoffen, z. B. Nitrozellulosepulver, verhindert.In the expansion chamber 10, baffled internals are expediently provided. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing, a filter 11 is selected for this purpose, which retains any ash residues and the filling of high-energy substances, e.g. B. nitrocellulose powder prevented.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 2 wurde auf ein Filter 10 verzichtet, wobei die schikaneartigen Einbauten mit der Bezugsziffer 14 angedeutet sind.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, a filter 10 has been dispensed with, the baffle-like internals being indicated by the reference number 14.

Gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1 ist das geschosseitige Ende der Kartusche mit einer dünnen Membran 13 abgedeckt.According to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the end of the cartridge on the projectile side is covered with a thin membrane 13.

Um die Folgen von möglichen Manipulationen zu verhindern, sind an der Kartusche Sollbruchstellen 15 vorgesehen, welche bei Überschreitung eines vorbestimmten Maximaldruckes die Gase über entsprechende Kanäle im Lauf der Handwaffe ableiten.In order to prevent the consequences of possible manipulations, predetermined breaking points 15 are provided on the cartridge which, when a predetermined maximum pressure is exceeded, discharge the gases via corresponding channels in the barrel of the handgun.

Das Laden und der Betrieb der Handwaffe gehen wie folgt vor sich:
Zunächst wird der Verschluß 16 der Handwaffe geöffnet und das Geschoß 9 in den Lauf 17 durch Einpressen mit der Kartusche 1 eingeführt, wodurch ein Vorkalibrieren erfolgt. Anschließend daran wird die Kartusche 1 in den Lauf 17 so eingeführt, wie dies die Figuren 1 und 2 der Zeichnung offenbaren. Durch Auslösen des Schlagbolzens 18 und Schlag gegen die Zündkapsel 2 wird das gaserzeugende Mittel 4 gezündet, wobei die dabei sich bildenden Gase über die Bohrungen 8 in die Expansionskammer 10 eintreten. Hierdurch werden die auf das Geschoß 9 einwirkenden Gase so weit abgebaut, daß eine Beschädigung oder gar Zerstörung desselben auf alle Fälle vermieden wird.The handgun is loaded and operated as follows:
First, the breech 16 of the hand weapon is opened and the projectile 9 is inserted into the barrel 17 by being pressed in with the cartridge 1, whereby a pre-calibration is carried out. Subsequently, the cartridge 1 is inserted into the barrel 17 as disclosed in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawing. By triggering the firing pin 18 and striking the primer 2, the gas-generating agent 4 is ignited, the gases which form thereby entering the expansion chamber 10 via the bores 8. As a result, the gases acting on the floor 9 are reduced to such an extent that damage or destruction thereof is avoided in all cases.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3 ist der Amboß 7 durch einen Einsatz 19 ersetzt, der schräg nach außen weisende Arme hat, die an ihren Enden mit dem Napf 3 fest verbunden sind.In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the anvil 7 is replaced by an insert 19 which has obliquely outwardly pointing arms which are firmly connected to the bowl 3 at their ends.

Claims (8)

Kartusche für eine Handwaffe, bei welcher das Geschoß (9) nach Zündung eines gaserzeugenden Mittels (4) in der Zündkapsel (2) aus dem Waffenlauf (17) hinausbewegt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Geschoß (9) und der Zündkapsel (2) eine Kammer (10) zur Expansion des beim Zündvorgang entstehenden gasförmigen Mittels vorgesehen ist.Cartridge for a hand weapon, in which the projectile (9) is moved out of the gun barrel (17) after the ignition of a gas-generating agent (4) in the primer (2), characterized in that between the projectile (9) and the primer (2 ) a chamber (10) is provided for the expansion of the gaseous agent produced during the ignition process. Kartusche nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das gaserzeugende Mittel (4) in axialer Richtung hinter dem Geschoß (9) angeordnet ist.Cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas-generating means (4) is arranged in the axial direction behind the projectile (9). Kartusche nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als gaserzeugendes Mittel (4) beispielsweise Pikrinsäure, Trizinat, Tetrazen, Bariumnitrat, Kalziumsilizid, Bleiazid und Bleiresorzinat vorgesehen ist.Cartridge according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that, for example, picric acid, tricinate, tetrazene, barium nitrate, calcium silicide, lead azide and lead resorcinate is provided as the gas-generating agent (4). Kartusche nach Anspruch 1 - 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Expansionskammer (10) schikaneartige Einbauten angeordnet sind.Cartridge according to claims 1-3, characterized in that baffle-like internals are arranged in the expansion chamber (10). Kartusche nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als schikaneartige Einbauten ein Filter (11) in der Expansionskammer (10) angeordnet ist.Cartridge according to claim 4, characterized in that a filter (11) is arranged in the expansion chamber (10) as baffle-like internals. Kartusche nach Anspruch 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das geschosseitige Ende der Kartusche mit einer dünnen Membran (13) abgedeckt ist.Cartridge according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the end of the cartridge on the projectile side is covered with a thin membrane (13). Kartusche nach Anspruch 1 - 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Kartusche eine Sollbruchstelle (14) vorgesehen ist.Cartridge according to claims 1-6, characterized in that a predetermined breaking point (14) is provided on the cartridge. Kartusche nach Anspruch 1 - 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Geometrie der Kartusche (1) so ausgelegt ist, daß unterschiedlich starke Versionen der gaserzeugenden Mittel (4) nicht austauschbar sind.Cartridge according to claims 1-7, characterized in that the geometry of the cartridge (1) is designed such that versions of the gas-generating means (4) of different strengths are not interchangeable.
EP92117602A 1991-10-25 1992-10-15 Use of a cartridge for the loading and the firing of a diabolo type projectile Expired - Lifetime EP0538733B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4135248 1991-10-25
DE4135248A DE4135248A1 (en) 1991-10-25 1991-10-25 CARTRIDGE FOR A HANDGUN

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0538733A1 true EP0538733A1 (en) 1993-04-28
EP0538733B1 EP0538733B1 (en) 1995-12-13

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US (1) US5309842A (en)
EP (1) EP0538733B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE131594T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2081259A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4135248A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0538733T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2083642T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5309842A (en) 1994-05-10
DE4135248A1 (en) 1993-04-29
DE59204675D1 (en) 1996-01-25
EP0538733B1 (en) 1995-12-13
ES2083642T3 (en) 1996-04-16
CA2081259A1 (en) 1993-04-26
ATE131594T1 (en) 1995-12-15
DK0538733T3 (en) 1996-02-05

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