EP0537074B1 - Leistungsschalter mit Umhüllung aus zusammengesetztem Material, welcher mit einer Überwachungsvorrichtung ausgerüstet ist - Google Patents

Leistungsschalter mit Umhüllung aus zusammengesetztem Material, welcher mit einer Überwachungsvorrichtung ausgerüstet ist Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0537074B1
EP0537074B1 EP92402750A EP92402750A EP0537074B1 EP 0537074 B1 EP0537074 B1 EP 0537074B1 EP 92402750 A EP92402750 A EP 92402750A EP 92402750 A EP92402750 A EP 92402750A EP 0537074 B1 EP0537074 B1 EP 0537074B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
circuit
cylinder
fluorescent
breaker according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92402750A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0537074A1 (de
Inventor
Van Doan Pham
Alain Girodet
Joseph Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Holdings SA
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom SA
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Publication date
Application filed by GEC Alsthom SA filed Critical GEC Alsthom SA
Publication of EP0537074A1 publication Critical patent/EP0537074A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0537074B1 publication Critical patent/EP0537074B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/668—Means for obtaining or monitoring the vacuum

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit breaker with a composite material casing equipped with a monitoring device. More specifically, it relates to a circuit breaker comprising a cut-off chamber with a casing of composite insulating material consisting of a cylinder made of glass fibers impregnated with epoxy resin provided externally with a polymer coating forming fins and metal collars at its ends.
  • circuit breakers are currently undergoing significant development and, in general, composite insulators used as a support insulator and as an enclosure for an interrupting chamber are increasingly used given their advantageous properties of lightness, good resistance to high pressure, capacity explosion-proof and their competitive cost.
  • These insulators generally comprise a cylinder made of glass fibers impregnated with epoxy resin protected on the outside by a coating with fins of polymer, silicone or EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer).
  • fluorescent plastic optical fibers are used for the detection of the arc duration in a dielectric gas circuit breaker, in particular at SF6.
  • the optical fiber is mounted inside the circuit breaker in the ceramic support column, each of the ends of said fiber being connected to a photo-diode.
  • This arrangement has the disadvantages that the fiber is in contact with the breaking gas and that a sealed outlet of the fiber is necessary.
  • the present invention relates to a new application of these fibers to the monitoring of circuit breakers with a composite envelope.
  • the circuit breaker comprises an arc detection means constituted by a fluorescent optical fiber, one end of which is disposed outside and close to said cylinder in a space without coating and the other end of which is connected to a photodiode or to a photodetector.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to detect from the outside the arc in the breaking chamber during the operations of the circuit breaker equipped with composite insulators.
  • the fiber is placed at a location where it can detect the arc and, preferably, it is mounted near the lower collar of the breaking chamber.
  • the epoxy glass cylinder lets in the light created by the cutting arc.
  • the method of mounting the optical fiber which comes first to mind is to drown the fiber placed on this cylinder when the polymer fins are placed on the cylinder.
  • this operation requires a temperature greater than 100 ° C. and a fluorescent plastic optical fiber can only permanently withstand a temperature less than or equal to approximately 70 ° C. It is therefore impossible to operate in this direct way.
  • the fiber is directly wound on the cylinder in a space left empty, after completion of the polymer coating with fins, between the collar and the lower end of the coating and embedded in a layer of translucent polymer, an opaque protective layer being disposed on the layer.
  • the fiber is housed in the blind hole of a small transparent cylinder, glued with a transparent adhesive on the cylinder before the coating of the polymer coating with fins and coated in the latter, an opaque sleeve ensuring the seal.
  • the breaking chamber is carried by a composite support insulator of identical constitution to that of the breaking chamber and the fluorescent fiber is connected to an ordinary silica optical fiber, which is embedded in the polymer coating along the cylinder of the isolator supporting the breaking chamber, the lower end of the fiber being connected to the photodetector.
  • the breaking chamber is carried by a support and the fluorescent fiber is introduced into an insulator adjacent to the support, its end being connected to the photodetector, at the outlet of this insulator.
  • the voltage can be detected with the same optical fiber used for monitoring the arc duration.
  • the voltage detection means is interposed between the mounting arrangement of the fiber and the photodetector.
  • the breaking chamber preferably, it consists of a metal plate rigidly connected to the socket of the breaking chamber, supporting an insulating bell, tight, opaque, filled with dielectric gas at atmospheric pressure, for example dry air or nitrogen, and crossed by the fiber also passing through an orifice of the plate, a metal rod being fixed vertically on the plate at a certain distance from the fiber.
  • dielectric gas at atmospheric pressure, for example dry air or nitrogen
  • the fiber is protected by a transparent glass tube, inside the bell.
  • a second fluorescent fiber can be installed next to the first, its free end opening into the bell.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are detailed views of this circuit breaker according to a first mounting variant of the optical fiber.
  • Figure 4 is a detail view of the voltage detection arrangement.
  • Figure 5 is a detailed view of this circuit breaker according to a second mounting variant of the optical fiber.
  • Figures 6 and 7 are views in longitudinal section of a second embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 the interrupting chamber 1 comprising inside a fixed contact, a movable contact and sockets 4 and 5.
  • the envelope of this interrupting chamber is made of composite material, namely made of a cylinder 100 made of glass fibers impregnated with epoxy resin protected on the outside by a coating 101 forming fins made of polymer, silicone or EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer).
  • Metal collars 105, lower and upper, arranged at the ends of the envelope reinforce the latter.
  • This chamber 1 is placed on an insulating support 6, of the same constitution as the envelope.
  • a fluorescent plastic optical fiber 102 is placed around the composite cylinder 100 and leaves tangentially thereto, by an arrangement which will be described precisely below. To avoid disturbing the voucher operation of the insulating envelope, this fiber 102 is preferably installed as close as possible to the metal collar 105.
  • the fiber 102 protected by an opaque sheath 106 enters a bell 107 mounted on a support insulator 109 composite of small diameter arranged next to it of the support 6. The precise arrangement of the bell 107 will be specified below.
  • a metal rod 110 the free end of which is rounded and which has a fairly small diameter, is mounted vertically in the bell 107 on a metal plate connected to the socket 5. It is dimensioned to create weak visual aromas by the crown effect, at the minimum phase-to-earth network voltage.
  • a suitable photodiode or photodetector 112 is mounted at the outlet of the fiber 102 from the support insulator 109.
  • the fiber 102 permanently picks up the weak light emitted under the crown effect of the rod 110 and sends it to the photodiode 112 which allows the detection of the voltage.
  • the fiber 102 captures the light from the arc along its length surrounding the cylinder 100, through it. This relatively large light is thus added to that rather weak coming from the bell 107 and its analysis makes it possible to determine the duration of the arc and to evaluate the intensity of the corresponding current.
  • the support 109 can be used for other applications, for example for the passage of opto-powered optical fibers used with electronic components for the measurement of current and voltage.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 A first embodiment of the mounting of the fiber 102 on the envelope of the breaking chamber 1 is now described with FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the polymer coating 101 is produced on the cylinder 100 of glass fibers and resin so as to be interrupted at a distance of approximately 5 mm from the metal collar 105. Once this coating has been produced, the fiber 102 is directly wound on the cylinder 100 in the space left empty between the collar 105 and the lower end of the coating 101. It is then embedded in a layer 103 of transparent or translucent polymer crosslinking at a temperature less than or equal to 70 ° C., for example in epoxy resin of the "Araldite" type (R), this layer 103 filling the space left previously empty. An opaque protective layer 104 is then placed on the layer 103, so as to prevent any passage of the light from the fiber towards the outside of the chamber and vice versa. For example, this last layer 104 is made of silicone sealant or polyurethane.
  • the fiber 102 leaves tangentially to the cylinder 100 in order to avoid an excessively large radius of curvature which would be detrimental to its proper functioning. Just before it leaves layers 103 and 104, it is protected by the opaque sheath 106.
  • Figure 4 shows in more detail the voltage detection arrangement.
  • a metal plate 108 is mounted above the support insulator 109 and rigidly connected to the socket 5 of the switching chamber 1 as shown in Figure 1. It supports the insulating bell 107, closed, sealed and perfectly opaque which the fiber 102 passes through which arrives from the periphery of the interrupting chamber 1 protected from its opaque sheath 106. The bare fiber 102 passes through an orifice in the plate 108, to descend along the support insulator 109.
  • a rod 110 is fixed vertically on the plate 108 at a certain distance from the fiber 102.
  • the fiber 102 is protected by a tube 116 made of transparent glass.
  • the interior space of the bell 107 is filled with dry air or nitrogen at atmospheric pressure.
  • a desiccant 111 for example "Silicagel” (R), is deposited inside the bell 107.
  • a second fluorescent fiber 102 ′ can be installed next to the first, its free end opening into the bell inside the tube 116.
  • This fiber 102 ′ allows a visual check of the presence of voltage, by simple vision of the light at its end at its lower outlet from the support insulator 109.
  • This fiber 114,114 ′ is connected to the fluorescent fiber 102,102 ′ by conventional junctions 113,113 ′.
  • FIG. 5 A second embodiment of the mounting of the fiber 102 on the envelope of the breaking chamber 1 is now described with FIG. 5.
  • This embodiment is suitable for the case where the light emitted by the cutting arc is sufficient even for a weak current. It is then not necessary to capture the light around the entire periphery of the cylinder 100 made of glass fibers and resin.
  • a small transparent glass cylinder 120 with a diameter of approximately 10 mm and a length of approximately 3 cm, having a blind hole 121 is bonded with a transparent adhesive to the cylinder 100, before the polymer coating is produced. with fins 101. Its end in contact with the cylinder 100 is slightly concave to match the external surface of the latter.
  • the cylinder 120 When the coating 101 is put in place, the cylinder 120 is coated by its peripheral surface in the polymer. After polymerization of the coating 101, the end of the fluorescent fiber 102 is introduced and immobilized in the blind hole 121. It is, on the outside, protected by the opaque sheath 103 and by an opaque sleeve 122 made of elastomer, which seals.
  • Fiber 102 has a diameter of about 1 mm.
  • the light from the cutting arc passes through the cylinder 100 and the small cylinder 120 and is captured by the fiber 102 over a length of the order of 2.5 mm and on its transverse end surface.
  • Figures 6 and 7 are views in longitudinal section of a second preferred embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • a second support insulator 109 is not used.
  • the fluorescent fiber 102 protected by its opaque sheath is connected by a connector 202 to an ordinary optical fiber 200, for example at silica, which is embedded in the polymer coating along the glass fiber and resin cylinder of the support insulator 6 of the breaking chamber 1.
  • the lower end of the fiber 200 is connected to a photodiode or to a photodetector 112.
  • FIG. 7 represents an analog circuit breaker, with a voltage detection device identical to that described above and mounted in an analogous manner, interposed at the end of the fluorescent fiber 102 before the connection of the latter with the ordinary fiber 200 by connector 202.

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Leistungsschalter mit einer Trennkammer (1), die einen Mantel aus isolierendem Verbundmaterial mit einem Zylinder (100) aus mit Epoxyharz imprägnierten Glasfasern, der außen eine rippenförmige Beschichtung aus Polymermaterial (101) bildet, und Metallflansche (105) an den Enden des Zylinders aufweist, wobei der Schalter ein Mittel zur Erfassung des Lichtbogens bestehend aus einer fluoreszierenden Lichtleitfaser (102) enthält, deren eines Ende außerhalb und in der Nähe des Zylinders (100) in einem Raum liegt, der keine Beschichtung (101) besitzt, während das andere Ende dieser Faser an eine Fotodiode oder einen Lichtdetektor (102) gekoppelt ist.
  2. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser (102) in der Nähe des unteren Flansches (105) der Trennkammer (1) montiert ist.
  3. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser (102) direkt auf den Zylinder (100) in einem bei der Herstellung der Polymerbeschichtung (101) mit den Rippen freibleibenden Bereich zwischen den Metallflansch (105) und das untere Ende der Beschichtung (101) aufgewikkelt und in eine lichtdurchlässige Polymerschicht (103) eingebettet ist, wobei eine lichtundurchlässige Schutzschicht (104) auf dieser lichtdurchlässigen Schicht (103) angebracht ist.
  4. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser (102) in einem Sackloch (121) eines kleinen transparenten Zylinders (120) liegt, der mit einem transparenten Kleber auf den Zylinder (100) vor der Herstellung der Polymerbeschichtung (101) mit Rippen aufgeklebt wird und von dieser Beschichtung umhüllt wird, wobei eine lichtundurchlässige Manschette (122) die Dichtheit gewährleistet.
  5. Leistungsschalter nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dessen Trennkammer (1) auf einem Stützisolator (6) vom Verbundtyp ähnlich dem der Trennkammer montiert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die fluoreszierende Faser (102) ausgangsseitig mit einer normalen Siliziumoxid-Lichtleitfaser (200) gekoppelt ist, die in die Polymerbeschichtung entlang des Zylinders des Stützisolators (6) für die Trennkammer (1) eingebettet ist, wobei das untere Ende der Faser (200) an die Fotodiode oder den Lichtdetektor (112) gekoppelt ist.
  6. Leistungsschalter nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dessen Trennkammer (1) von einem Stützisolator (6) getragen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die fluoreszierende Faser (102) ausgangsseitig durch einen neben dem Stützisolator (6) stehenden Isolator (109) verläuft, wobei ihr Ende am Ausgang dieses Isolators (109) an die Fotodiode oder den Lichtdetektor (112) gekoppelt ist.
  7. Leistungsschalter nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Mittel zur Erfassung der Spannung zwischen die Anordnung der fluoreszierenden Faser (102) und die Fotodiode oder den Lichtdetektor (112) eingefügt ist.
  8. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mittel zur Erfassung der Spannung aus einer Metallplatte besteht, die starr an den Stromanschluß (5) der Trennkammer (1) angeschlossen ist und eine isolierende, dichte, lichtundurchlässige und mit einem dielektrischen Gas bei Atmosphärendruck gefüllte Glocke (107) trägt, wobei die Faser (102) durch diese Glocke und dann durch eine Öffnung in der Platte verläuft, und daß ein Metallstift (110) senkrecht auf der Platte in einem gewissen Abstand von der fluoreszierenden Faser (102) befestigt ist.
  9. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser (102) von einem Rohr (116) aus transparentem Glas im Inneren der Glocke (107) geschützt wird.
  10. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zweite fluoreszierende Faser (102') neben der ersten angeordnet wird, wobei das freie Ende dieser zweiten Faser in die Glocke (107) mündet.
EP92402750A 1991-10-10 1992-10-08 Leistungsschalter mit Umhüllung aus zusammengesetztem Material, welcher mit einer Überwachungsvorrichtung ausgerüstet ist Expired - Lifetime EP0537074B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9112472A FR2682527B1 (fr) 1991-10-10 1991-10-10 Disjoncteur a enveloppe en materiau composite equipe d'un dispositif de surveillance.
FR9112472 1991-10-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0537074A1 EP0537074A1 (de) 1993-04-14
EP0537074B1 true EP0537074B1 (de) 1996-07-10

Family

ID=9417768

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92402750A Expired - Lifetime EP0537074B1 (de) 1991-10-10 1992-10-08 Leistungsschalter mit Umhüllung aus zusammengesetztem Material, welcher mit einer Überwachungsvorrichtung ausgerüstet ist

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0537074B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE140340T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69212101T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2089452T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2682527B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2718883B1 (fr) * 1994-04-19 1996-05-31 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Appareillage électrique à détection de pression intégrée.
FR2731520B1 (fr) * 1995-03-08 1997-04-18 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Mesure de l'intensite electrique dans un appareil subissant un arc electrique
DE19539535A1 (de) * 1995-10-24 1997-04-30 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Drucküberwachung einer Vakuumschaltröhre
US6250432B1 (en) 1996-06-27 2001-06-26 Kelley Company, Inc. Wheel chocking device and method for using the same
AU3718197A (en) 1996-06-27 1998-01-14 Kelley Company Inc. Wheel chocking device and method for using the same
US5736705A (en) * 1996-09-13 1998-04-07 Cooper Industries, Inc. Grading ring insert assembly
DE29723039U1 (de) * 1997-12-22 1998-03-12 Siemens AG, 80333 München Meß- oder Überwachungseinrichtung für einen Hochspannungsleistungsschalter
IT1302147B1 (it) * 1998-08-06 2000-07-31 Abb Adda S P A Dispositivo ottico integrato per la misura di corrente.
SE516725C2 (sv) * 1999-04-14 2002-02-19 Abb Ab Anordning för detektering av ljusbågar samt förfarande för framställning av en sådan anordning.
DE102015208268A1 (de) * 2015-05-05 2016-11-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrisches Schaltgerät und entsprechende Schaltungsanlage
DE102021209975A1 (de) * 2021-09-09 2023-03-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschaltanordnung und Verfahren zum Erkennen eines Lichtbogens

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD276358A1 (de) * 1988-10-21 1990-02-21 Buchwitz Otto Starkstrom Verfahren und anordnung zur ermittlung des innendruckes eines evakuierten gefaessen, insbesondere einer vakuumschaltkammern
FR2640386B1 (fr) * 1988-12-09 1991-04-12 Alsthom Gec Dispositif pour la detection d'effluves visuels dans une enceinte fermee

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2089452T3 (es) 1996-10-01
EP0537074A1 (de) 1993-04-14
DE69212101D1 (de) 1996-08-14
DE69212101T2 (de) 1996-11-21
FR2682527A1 (fr) 1993-04-16
FR2682527B1 (fr) 1993-11-19
ATE140340T1 (de) 1996-07-15

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