EP0535504B1 - Method and apparatus for image transfer onto coated surfaces - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for image transfer onto coated surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0535504B1
EP0535504B1 EP92116174A EP92116174A EP0535504B1 EP 0535504 B1 EP0535504 B1 EP 0535504B1 EP 92116174 A EP92116174 A EP 92116174A EP 92116174 A EP92116174 A EP 92116174A EP 0535504 B1 EP0535504 B1 EP 0535504B1
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fact
polymer layer
station
low molecular
transfer medium
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0535504A1 (en
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Jürgen Dr. Kramer
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KRAMER, JUERGEN, DR.
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/001—Special chemical aspects of printing textile materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5209—Coatings prepared by radiation-curing, e.g. using photopolymerisable compositions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
    • B41M7/0027—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using protective coatings or layers by lamination or by fusion of the coatings or layers

Definitions

  • the method relates to a method for Image transfer to coated surfaces, in particular those of wood-based materials, the surface with coated with a hardenable polymer layer and the Polymer layer under the influence of heat with a color pigment carrying transfer medium is brought into intimate contact. Furthermore, an apparatus for performing the method described.
  • wood-based materials are in this Connection, for example, chipboard with or without veneer or primer, medium density fibreboard, plywood and to understand any solid wood parts.
  • a method of the type described above is known from the Article "The Reproprint Process” (wood and furniture industry, DRW-Verlag, Stuttgart edition 1/88, pages 83 to 85) known.
  • the surface is first in solvent dissolved polymers, i.e. coated with a varnish. This paint is dried, with the applied polymer layer hardens. Then a printed paper as Transfer medium placed on the hardened polymer layer.
  • a press for example a vacuum press, a Calender, a cycle press or a double belt press can, there is an intimate contact between the transfer medium and the polymer layer and the transfer medium warmed up. In doing so, they sublime onto the transfer medium applied color pigments from the paper and diffuse into the polymer layer.
  • Lightfast color pigments have recently become available on the market which are lightfast and have sufficiently high diffusion rates in the polymer layer even at diffusion temperatures down to 150 ° C. These color pigments therefore do not have to be exposed to extreme temperatures above 200 ° C.
  • the maximum amount of the color transferred from the transfer medium into the polymer layer is also limited for these color pigments using the known method. The maximum value is approximately 4 g of color per m 2 of surface of the polymer layer.
  • the invention has for its object a method of type described at the outset so that the Restrictions on the choice of color pigments largely eliminated and a larger amount of paint can be transferred is.
  • the polymer layer is composed of low molecular weight polymers which are crosslinked after the polymer layer has come into intimate contact with the transfer medium in order to harden the polymer layer. With the new process, the image is already transferred into the not yet hardened polymer layer. It is essential here that the polymer layer does not consist of polymers dissolved in a solvent, but of low molecular weight polymers without the addition of solvents, since a solvent passes into the vapor phase when exposed to heat during the intimate contact of the transfer medium with the polymer layer and makes image transfer impossible would.
  • the polymer layer composed of low molecular weight polymers offers the advantage of a relatively low viscosity even at low temperatures.
  • the viscosity now directly determines the diffusion rate of the color pigments in the polymer layer via the Stokes-Einstein relation, so that the color pigments penetrate far into the polymer layer at relatively low temperatures and in a relatively short time.
  • the absorption capacity of the polymer layer for the color pigments increases, so that the maximum amount of color that can be introduced into the polymer layer is more than 14 g / m 2 .
  • the diffusion of the color pigments is even so rapid that, during normal transfer times, the surface located under the polymer layer can also be colored.
  • Mono- and / or oligomers can be on the surface are applied, the mono- and / or oligomers finally pre-cross-linked to the low molecular weight polymers will.
  • the Polymer layer from the low molecular weight polymers without the Solvents are used. This is in terms of solvents outgoing workplace and environmental pollution a big one Advantage.
  • Temperature 150 ° C When exposed to heat can be used as an upper limit for the Temperature 150 ° C can be selected. A warming up of the Color pigments above this temperature are due to their high Diffusion speed in the polymer layer low molecular weight polymers not necessary. Until the Temperature of 150 ° C is a large number of lightfast Color pigments temperature resistant.
  • the maximum temperature when exposed to heat can even be so be limited that the color pigments do not exceed 100 ° C be warmed up.
  • the color temperature is ultimately on the Diffusion speed of the color pigments in the Polymer layer and that for the transfer of the picture for To coordinate available time.
  • the pre-crosslinking of the monomers or oligomers can be carried out using Irradiation can be carried out with electrons.
  • the Pre-crosslinking of the mono- or oligomers by irradiation with Electrons are advantageously associated with the possibility that Perform pre-crosslinking in a very controlled manner. As a measure of the pre-networking is that of the mono- or Radiation dose absorbed by oligomers is suitable.
  • a radiation dose of 5 to 40 kGy can be advantageous for the Pre-crosslinking of the mono- or oligomers can be used. Basically, the radiation dose is based on the condition of the Starting materials and the desired degree of pre-crosslinking vote.
  • the crosslinking of the low molecular weight polymers can also by means of irradiation with electrons.
  • the Electron beam hardening is also an advantage. With this However, the procedural step would also apply to the application of others To think of curing techniques. When pre-networking the mono- or Oligomers play the advantage of being controllable However, electron beam hardening is extremely large Role. Unless another process is controlled Curing or partial crosslinking of mono- or Oligomers are suitable, but there are no concerns against its application.
  • A can be used for crosslinking the low molecular weight polymers Radiation dose of 40 to 80 kGy can be used. Here are the degree of pre-crosslinking of the polymers and the to take into account the desired final state.
  • the contact pressure when the polymer layer is in intimate contact with the transfer medium can be less than 500 hPa. Already at this low contact pressure can be surprisingly Large quantities of paint can be easily transferred to the polymer layer.
  • a device for the continuous implementation of the new Method with a transport device, one Coating station, a feed device for the Transfer medium, a contact press and a curing station is characterized in that the Curing station is arranged behind the contact press.
  • the curing station has a source for high-energy electrons. It is also convenient a pre-networking station in front of the feeder for the Transfer medium provided. This pre-networking station too can have a source of high energy electrons.
  • there is another one after the contact press and before the Curing station arranged coating station is an advantage.
  • the device is transported by the device Marked presence of a pre-networking station.
  • This device can also, in particular, with regard to sources advantageously designed for high-energy electrons be.
  • the device 1 shown in the figure for the continuous implementation of the method for image transmission has a transport device 1 for chipboard 3.
  • the particle boards 3 are pretreated in a known manner and, for example, veneered, coated with a primer film or lacquer-primed. It is only essential that there is an object with a coatable surface 6, which can also be profiled, ie three-dimensionally equipped.
  • the chipboard 3 In the working direction of the transport device 2, which is indicated by an arrow 4, the chipboard 3 first passes through a coating station 5. In the coating station 5, 3 monomers and oligomers are applied to the surface 6 of the chipboard. These mono- and oligomers are pre-cross-linked in a subsequent pre-cross-linking station 7 by irradiation with electrons.
  • a source for high-energy electrons with a filament 8 and an acceleration path having a cathode 9 and an anode 10 is used.
  • the electrons emerge from the filament 8 and are accelerated between the cathode and the anode by an acceleration voltage of approximately 180 to 300 kV.
  • the acceleration voltage determines the energy of the accelerated electrons and thus their possible penetration depth into the monomers or oligomers applied to the surface 6 of the chipboard. Covering the surface 6 with 400 g / m 2 typically requires an acceleration voltage of 230 to 250 kV so that the electrons penetrate the entire applied layer.
  • the mono- or oligomeric molecular weights applied to the surface 6 have between 500 and 5,000, this results, after the pre-crosslinking station 7, in a polymer layer 11 made of low molecular weight polymers with molecular weights between approximately 50,000 and 100,000.
  • a transfer medium 13 coated with color pigments and coming from a feed device 12 is then drawn onto this polymer layer 11. Together with the transfer medium 13, which is usually a printed paper, the chipboards 3 pass through a double belt press 14.
  • the transfer medium 13 and the polymer layer 11 are brought into intimate contact and heated so that the color pigments are exposed to heat diffuse into the polymer layer.
  • a double belt press is particularly suitable for the new process if the throughput of the area to be printed is very large. However, a double belt press, for example, is not suitable for shaped surfaces 6. Vacuum presses are preferred for printing on shaped, in particular profiled surfaces 6, but their operation is only discontinuous.
  • the transfer medium 13 is again pulled off from the chipboard 3 or the polymer layer 11 by means of a winding station 15. In a last step, the low molecular weight polymers of the polymer layer 11 are then crosslinked. A curing station 16 is provided for this purpose.
  • the curing station 16 has a source for high-energy electrons, which can easily be of identical design.
  • the polymer layer 11 is composed of polymers with molecular weights greater than 1,000,000. This prevents further diffusion of the color pigments in the polymer layer 11 and good surface stability is achieved.
  • the polymer layer 11 has only a low surface stability after the pre-crosslinking station 7 until the curing station 16 has been reached, but this was sufficient for the double belt press 14 to pass through without damage while the image was being transferred from the transfer medium 13.
  • the image quality obtained by the new method on or in the polymer layer 11 on the surface 6 of the chipboard 3 is brilliant. This is due in particular to the possibility of using a large number of color pigments and the transfer of large amounts of color pigments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Decoration By Transfer Pictures (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)

Abstract

In the case of a method for image transfer onto coated surfaces, in particular those of wood materials, the surface is coated with a polymer layer to be cured and, under the effect of heat, the polymer layer is brought into intimate contact with a transfer medium bearing colour pigments. The polymer layer is in this case composed of polymers of low molecular weight which, after the intimate contact of the polymer layer with the transfer medium, are crosslinked for the curing of the polymer layer. <IMAGE>

Description

Das Verfahren bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Bildübertragung auf beschichtete Oberflächen, insbesondere diejenigen von Holzwerkstoffen, wobei die Oberfläche mit einer auszuhärtenden Polymerschicht beschichtet und die Polymerschicht unter Wärmeeinwirkung mit einem Farbpigmente tragenden Transfermedium in innigen Kontakt gebracht wird. Ferner wird eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens beschrieben. Unter Holzwerkstoffen sind in diesem Zusammenhang beispielsweise Spanplatten mit oder ohne Furnier oder Grundierung, mitteldichte Faserplatten, Sperrholzplatten und beliebige Massivholzteile zu verstehen.The method relates to a method for Image transfer to coated surfaces, in particular those of wood-based materials, the surface with coated with a hardenable polymer layer and the Polymer layer under the influence of heat with a color pigment carrying transfer medium is brought into intimate contact. Furthermore, an apparatus for performing the method described. Among wood-based materials are in this Connection, for example, chipboard with or without veneer or primer, medium density fibreboard, plywood and to understand any solid wood parts.

Ein Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Art ist aus dem Artikel "Das Reproprint-Verfahren" (Holz- und Möbelindustrie, DRW-Verlag, Stuttgart Ausgabe 1/88, Seiten 83 bis 85) bekannt. Die Oberfläche wird zuerst mit in Lösungsmittel gelösten Polymeren, also einem Lack beschichtet. Dieser Lack wird getrocknet, wobei die aufgebrachte Polymerschicht aushärtet. Anschließend wird ein bedrucktes Papier als Transfermedium auf die ausgehärtete Polymerschicht aufgelegt. In einer Presse, die beispielsweise eine Vakuumpresse, eine Kalander, eine Taktpresse oder eine Doppelbandpresse sein kann, wird ein inniger Kontakt zwischen dem Transfermedium und der Polymerschicht hergestellt und das Transfermedium erwärmt. Hierbei sublimieren die zuvor auf das Transfermedium aufgebrachten Farbpigmente von dem Papier ab und diffundieren in die Polymerschicht ein. Auf diese Weise bildet sich das auf das Papier aufgedruckte Negativ als Positiv auf, bzw. in der Polymerschicht ab. Nach Verlassen der Presse liegt das fertige Verfahrensprodukt vor. Die Auswahl der Farbpigmente gestaltet sich bei diesem bekannten Verfahren als äußerst schwierig. Zum einen sollten grundsätzlich nur solche Farbpigmente Verwendung finden, die lichtecht sind. Bei diesen stellt sich jedoch in aller Regel eine gewisse Molekülgröße ein, die für die Diffusionsgeschwindigkeit in die Polymerschicht nicht förderlich ist. Dementsprechend muß das Eindiffundieren der Farbpigmente in die Polymerschicht bei relativ hohen Temperaturen erfolgen. Hierdurch entstehen wiederum Einschränkungen bei der Wahl der Farbpigmente da nun auch eine Resistenz gegenüber der Diffusionstemperatur zu fordern ist. Die Diffusionstemperatur bei dem bekannten Verfahren beträgt über 200 °C. Bei dieser Temperatur zersetzt sich bereits eine Vielzahl der bekannten lichtechten Farbpigmente. Vorteilhaft bei dem bekannten Verfahren ist die Brillianz des auf bzw. in der Polymerschicht entstehenden Bildes. Bei Wahl eines klaren Lacks lassen sich sogar dreidimensionale Effekte erzielen. Ebenso ist die Bildübertragung auf profilierte, d. h. dreidimensionale Oberflächen bekannt. Hierzu muß natürlich das zu übertragende Bild zur Ausbildung des Negativs auf dem Transfermedium in eine geeignete zweidimensionale Vorform überführt werden.A method of the type described above is known from the Article "The Reproprint Process" (wood and furniture industry, DRW-Verlag, Stuttgart edition 1/88, pages 83 to 85) known. The surface is first in solvent dissolved polymers, i.e. coated with a varnish. This paint is dried, with the applied polymer layer hardens. Then a printed paper as Transfer medium placed on the hardened polymer layer. In a press, for example a vacuum press, a Calender, a cycle press or a double belt press can, there is an intimate contact between the transfer medium and the polymer layer and the transfer medium warmed up. In doing so, they sublime onto the transfer medium applied color pigments from the paper and diffuse into the polymer layer. In this way it forms Negatives printed on the paper as positive on or in the polymer layer. After leaving the press, that's it finished process product. The choice of color pigments turns out to be extremely in this known method difficult. For one thing, basically only such Color pigments are used that are lightfast. At however, this usually faces a certain one Molecular size, which is the diffusion rate in the polymer layer is not beneficial. Accordingly the diffusion of the color pigments into the polymer layer take place at relatively high temperatures. This creates again restrictions in the choice of color pigments there now also resistance to the diffusion temperature demand is. The diffusion temperature in the known Process is over 200 ° C. Decomposed at this temperature a variety of known lightfastness Color pigments. The advantage of the known method is Brilliance of the resulting on or in the polymer layer Picture. If you choose a clear varnish, you can even achieve three-dimensional effects. The same is true Image transfer to profiled, d. H. three-dimensional Known surfaces. To do this, of course, the one to be transferred Image for the formation of the negative on the transfer medium in a suitable two-dimensional preform is transferred.

In jüngster Zeit sind auf dem Markt lichtechte Farbpigmente erhältlich, die lichtecht sind und bereits bei Diffusionstemperaturen von bis hinab zu 150 °C hinreichend große Diffusionsgeschwindigkeiten in der Polymerschicht aufweisen. Diese Farbpigmente müssen daher nicht den extremen Temperaturen über 200 °C ausgesetzt werden. Andererseits ist die Maximalmenge der von dem Transfermedium in die Polymerschicht übertragenen Farbe auch bei diesen Farbpigmenten in Anwendung des bekannten Verfahrens begrenzt. Als Maximalwert sind ca. 4 g Farbe pro m2 Oberfläche der Polymerschicht anzusehen.Lightfast color pigments have recently become available on the market which are lightfast and have sufficiently high diffusion rates in the polymer layer even at diffusion temperatures down to 150 ° C. These color pigments therefore do not have to be exposed to extreme temperatures above 200 ° C. On the other hand, the maximum amount of the color transferred from the transfer medium into the polymer layer is also limited for these color pigments using the known method. The maximum value is approximately 4 g of color per m 2 of surface of the polymer layer.

Beim lösungsmittelfreien Drucken ist es bekannt, Farben mit mono-, oligo- oder niedermolekular polymeren Basissubstanzen nach dem Aufbringen auf das zu bedruckende Objekt mittels Bestrahlung mit Elektronen auszuhärten. Hierbei vernetzen die mono-, oligo- bzw. niedermolekular polymeren Substanzen zu hochmolekularen, festen Schichten. Statt der Anwendung von Elektronenstrahlung ist zur Vernetzung auch die Anwendung von UV-Strahlung bekannt. Hierbei ist jedoch nachteilig, daß die Farbpigmente der Farben die Vernetzung stören und zusätzlich Fotoinitiatoren zur Absorption und Umwandlung der ultravioletten Strahlung der Farbe zugesetzt werden müssen. In solvent-free printing, it is known to use colors mono-, oligo- or low molecular weight polymeric base substances after application to the object to be printed on Cure radiation with electrons. The network mono-, oligomeric or low molecular weight polymeric substances high molecular weight, solid layers. Instead of using Electron radiation is also used for networking UV radiation known. However, it is disadvantageous that the Color pigments of the colors interfere with the networking and additionally Photoinitiators for absorption and conversion of the ultraviolet radiation must be added to the color.

In dem aus der FR-A-2309665 bekannten Verfahren werden bei etwa 180°C submlimierende Farbstoffe von dem Transfermaterial auf eine nicht lösungsmittelfreie Melamin-Formaldehyd-Harzschicht übertragen und fixiert, welche gleichzeitig ausgehärtet wird.In the process known from FR-A-2309665 at about 180 ° C. sublimating dyes from the transfer material to a non solvent-free melamine-formaldehyde resin layer transferred and fixed, which is cured at the same time.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Art derart weiterzuentwickeln, daß die Einschränkungen hinsichtlich der Wahl der Farbpigmente weitgehend wegfallen und eine größere Farbmenge übertragbar ist.The invention has for its object a method of type described at the outset so that the Restrictions on the choice of color pigments largely eliminated and a larger amount of paint can be transferred is.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 und durch eine Vorrichtung zu seiner Durchführung gemäß Anspruch 7 erreicht. Dabei ist die Polymerschicht aus niedermolekularen Polymeren zusammengesetzt ist, die nach dem innigen Kontakt der Polymerschicht mit dem Transfermedium zur Aushärtung der Polymerschicht vernetzt werden. Bei dem neuen Verfahren wird das Bild bereits in die noch nicht ausgehärtete Polymerschicht übertragen. Hierbei ist wesentlich, daß die Polymerschicht nicht aus in einem Lösungsmittel gelösten Polymeren, sondern aus niedermolekularen Polymeren ohne die Beimischung von Lösungsmitteln besteht, da ein Lösungsmittel bei der Wärmeeinwirkung während des innigen Kontakts des Transfermediums mit der Polymerschicht in die Dampfphase übergehen und die Bildübertragung unmöglich machen würde. Hingegen bietet die aus niedermolekularen Polymeren zusammengesetzte Polymerschicht den Vorteil einer bereits bei geringen Temperaturen relativ niedrigen Viskosität. Die Viskosität bestimmt nun über die Stokes-Einstein-Relation direkt die Diffusionsgeschwindigkeit der Farbpigmente in der Polymerschicht, so daß die Farbpigmente bei relativ tiefen Temperaturen und in relativ kurzer Zeit sicher weit in die Polymerschicht eindringen. Zudem erhöht sich die Aufnahmefähigkeit der Polymerschicht für die Farbpigmente, so daß die maximal in die Polymerschicht einbringbare Farbmenge mehr als 14 g/m2 beträgt. Die Diffusion der Farbpigmente läuft sogar derart schnell ab, daß bei normalen Übertragungszeiten auch die unter der Polymerschicht liegende Oberfläche mit eingefärbt werden kann. Das Vernetzen der niedermolekularen Polymere zu hochmolekularen Polymeren nach dem Übertragen des Bildes führt zu einer vollständigen Aushärtung der Polymerschicht. Das Bild ist somit zuverlässig fixiert und geschützt. Ferner kann die Aushärtung der Polymerschicht sehr weit getrieben werden, was bei den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren nicht möglich war, da anschließend noch die Eindiffusion der Farbpigmente erfolgen mußte. Darüberhinaus stellt sich als vorteilhaft heraus, daß bei dem neuen Verfahren der Anpressdruck des Transfermediums an die Polymerschicht bei der Bildübertragung deutlich geringer gehalten werden kann. Dies und die geringere Temperatur bei der Bildübertragung lassen die Verwendung dünneren Papiers für das Transfermedium zu.According to the invention, this is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and by an apparatus for carrying it out according to claim 7. The polymer layer is composed of low molecular weight polymers which are crosslinked after the polymer layer has come into intimate contact with the transfer medium in order to harden the polymer layer. With the new process, the image is already transferred into the not yet hardened polymer layer. It is essential here that the polymer layer does not consist of polymers dissolved in a solvent, but of low molecular weight polymers without the addition of solvents, since a solvent passes into the vapor phase when exposed to heat during the intimate contact of the transfer medium with the polymer layer and makes image transfer impossible would. In contrast, the polymer layer composed of low molecular weight polymers offers the advantage of a relatively low viscosity even at low temperatures. The viscosity now directly determines the diffusion rate of the color pigments in the polymer layer via the Stokes-Einstein relation, so that the color pigments penetrate far into the polymer layer at relatively low temperatures and in a relatively short time. In addition, the absorption capacity of the polymer layer for the color pigments increases, so that the maximum amount of color that can be introduced into the polymer layer is more than 14 g / m 2 . The diffusion of the color pigments is even so rapid that, during normal transfer times, the surface located under the polymer layer can also be colored. The crosslinking of the low molecular weight polymers to high molecular weight polymers after the transfer of the image leads to a complete hardening of the polymer layer. The image is thus reliably fixed and protected. Furthermore, the curing of the polymer layer can be carried out very far, which was not possible with the methods known from the prior art, since the color pigments then had to be diffused in again. In addition, it turns out to be advantageous that with the new method the contact pressure of the transfer medium against the polymer layer can be kept significantly lower during image transfer. This and the lower temperature during image transfer allow the use of thinner paper for the transfer medium.

Mono- und/oder Oligomere können auf die Oberfläche aufgebracht werden, wobei die Mono- und/oder Oligomere abschließend zu den niedermolekularen Polymeren vorvernetzt werden. Mit Hilfe von Mono- und/oder Oligomeren kann die Polymerschicht aus den niedermolekularen Polymeren ohne die Verwendung von Lösungsmitteln hergestellt werden. Dies ist hinsichtlich der von den Lösungsmitteln üblicherweise ausgehenden Arbeitsplatz- und Umweltbelastungen ein großer Vorteil.Mono- and / or oligomers can be on the surface are applied, the mono- and / or oligomers finally pre-cross-linked to the low molecular weight polymers will. With the help of mono- and / or oligomers, the Polymer layer from the low molecular weight polymers without the Solvents are used. This is in terms of solvents outgoing workplace and environmental pollution a big one Advantage.

Bei der Wärmeeinwirkung können als Obergrenze für die Temperatur 150 °C gewählt werden. Ein Erwärmen der Farbpigmente über diese Temperatur ist ob ihrer hohen Diffusionsgeschwindigkeit in der Polymerschicht aus niedermolekularen Polymeren nicht notwendig. Bis zu der Temperatur von 150 °C ist eine große Anzahl lichtechter Farbpigmente temperaturbeständig. When exposed to heat can be used as an upper limit for the Temperature 150 ° C can be selected. A warming up of the Color pigments above this temperature are due to their high Diffusion speed in the polymer layer low molecular weight polymers not necessary. Until the Temperature of 150 ° C is a large number of lightfast Color pigments temperature resistant.

Die Maximaltemperatur bei der Wärmeeinwirkung kann sogar so begrenzt werden, daß die Farbpigmente nicht über 100 °C aufgewärmt werden. Die Farbtemperatur ist letztlich auf die Diffusionsgeschwindigkeit der Farbpigmente in der Polymerschicht und die zur Übertragung des Bildes zur Verfügung stehende Zeit abzustimmen.The maximum temperature when exposed to heat can even be so be limited that the color pigments do not exceed 100 ° C be warmed up. The color temperature is ultimately on the Diffusion speed of the color pigments in the Polymer layer and that for the transfer of the picture for To coordinate available time.

Die Vorvernetzung der Mono- bzw. Oligomere kann mittels Bestrahlung mit Elektronen durchgeführt werden. Die Vorvernetzung der Mono- bzw. Oligomere durch Bestrahlung mit Elektronen ist vorteilhaft mit der Möglichkeit verbunden, die Vorvernetzung sehr kontrolliert durchzuführen. Als Maß für die Vorvernetzung ist hierbei die von den Mono- bzw. Oligomeren aufgenommene Strahlendosis geeignet.The pre-crosslinking of the monomers or oligomers can be carried out using Irradiation can be carried out with electrons. The Pre-crosslinking of the mono- or oligomers by irradiation with Electrons are advantageously associated with the possibility that Perform pre-crosslinking in a very controlled manner. As a measure of the pre-networking is that of the mono- or Radiation dose absorbed by oligomers is suitable.

Vorteilhaft kann eine Strahlendosis von 5 bis 40 kGy für die Vorvernetzung der Mono- bzw. Oligomere eingesetzt werden. Grundsätzlich ist die Strahlendosis auf den Zustand der Einsatzstoffe und das gewünschte Maß der Vorvernetzung abzustimmen.A radiation dose of 5 to 40 kGy can be advantageous for the Pre-crosslinking of the mono- or oligomers can be used. Basically, the radiation dose is based on the condition of the Starting materials and the desired degree of pre-crosslinking vote.

Auch die Vernetzung der niedermolekularen Polymere kann mittels Bestrahlung mit Elektronen durchgeführt werden. Bei der Aushärtung der Polymerschicht ist die Elektronenstrahlhärtung ebenfalls von Vorteil. Bei diesem Verfahrensschritt wäre jedoch auch an die Anwendung anderer Aushärtetechniken zu denken. Bei der Vorvernetzung der Mono- bzw. Oligomere spielt der Vorteil der Kontrollierbarkeit der Elektronenstrahlhärtung jedoch eine ausgesprochen große Rolle. Sofern ein weiteres Verfahren zur kontrollierten Aushärtung bzw. teilweisen Vernetzung von Mono- bzw. Oligomeren geeignet ist, bestünden jedoch keine Bedenken gegen dessen Anwendung.The crosslinking of the low molecular weight polymers can also by means of irradiation with electrons. At the curing of the polymer layer is the Electron beam hardening is also an advantage. With this However, the procedural step would also apply to the application of others To think of curing techniques. When pre-networking the mono- or Oligomers play the advantage of being controllable However, electron beam hardening is extremely large Role. Unless another process is controlled Curing or partial crosslinking of mono- or Oligomers are suitable, but there are no concerns against its application.

Für die Vernetzung der niedermolekularen Polymere kann eine Strahlendosis von 40 bis 80 kGy eingesetzt werden. Hierbei sind wiederum der Grad der Vorvernetzung der Polymere und der gewünschte Endzustand zu berücksichtigen.A can be used for crosslinking the low molecular weight polymers Radiation dose of 40 to 80 kGy can be used. Here are the degree of pre-crosslinking of the polymers and the to take into account the desired final state.

Nach dem innigen Kontakt der Polymerschicht mit dem Transfermedium, aber vor deren Vernetzen, kann eine weitere Schicht von Mono-, Oligo- und/oder niedermolekularen Polymeren auf die Oberfläche aufgebracht werden. In Einzelfällen mag es sinnvoll sein, das auf bzw. in die Polymerschicht übertragene Bild mit einer weiteren Polymerschicht abzudecken. Vorteilhaft wäre diese in Form von Mono-, Oligo- und/oder niedermolekularen Polymeren dann vor dem endgültigen Aushärten, d. h. Vernetzen, der ersten Polymerschicht aufzubringen.After intimate contact of the polymer layer with the Transfer medium, but before networking, can be another Layer of mono-, oligo- and / or low molecular weight Polymers are applied to the surface. In In individual cases it may make sense to move this to or into the Polymer layer transferred image with another Cover polymer layer. This would be advantageous in the form of Mono-, oligo- and / or low molecular weight polymers then before the final curing, d. H. Connect the first Apply polymer layer.

Der Anpreßdruck beim innigen Kontakt der Polymerschicht mit dem Transfermedium kann kleiner als 500 hPa sein. Bereits bei diesem niedrigen Anpreßdruck lassen sich überraschenderweise große Farbmengen problemlos in die Polymerschicht übertragen.The contact pressure when the polymer layer is in intimate contact with the transfer medium can be less than 500 hPa. Already at this low contact pressure can be surprisingly Large quantities of paint can be easily transferred to the polymer layer.

Eine Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Durchführung des neuen Verfahrens mit einer Transporteinrichtung, einer Beschichtungsstation, einer Zuführeinrichtung für das Transfermedium, einer Kontaktpresse und einer Aushärtestation ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aushärtestation hinter der Kontaktpresse angeordnet ist. Hierbei weist die Aushärtestation eine Quelle für energiereiche Elektronen auf. Ferner ist günstigerweise eine Vorvernetzungsstation vor der Zuführeinrichtung für das Transfermedium vorgesehen. Auch diese Vorvernetzungsstation kann eine Quelle für energiereiche Elektronen aufweisen. Letztlich ist eine weitere nach der Kontaktpresse und vor der Aushärtestation angeordnete Beschichtungsstation von Vorteil.A device for the continuous implementation of the new Method with a transport device, one Coating station, a feed device for the Transfer medium, a contact press and a curing station is characterized in that the Curing station is arranged behind the contact press. The curing station has a source for high-energy electrons. It is also convenient a pre-networking station in front of the feeder for the Transfer medium provided. This pre-networking station too can have a source of high energy electrons. Ultimately, there is another one after the contact press and before the Curing station arranged coating station is an advantage.

Bei einer diskontinuierlichen Durchführung des neuen Verfahrens ohne Verwendung einer durchgehenden Transporteinrichtung ist die Vorrichtung durch das Vorhandensein einer Vorvernetzungsstation gekennzeichnet. Auch diese Vorrichtung kann insbesondere hinsichtlich Quellen für energiereiche Elektronen vorteilhaft weiter ausgestaltet sein.If the new is carried out discontinuously Procedure without using a continuous The device is transported by the device Marked presence of a pre-networking station. This device can also, in particular, with regard to sources advantageously designed for high-energy electrons be.

Das neue Verfahren soll nun anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert und beschrieben werden. Hierbei zeigt die Figur den schematischen Aufbau der Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Durchführung des Verfahrens.The new method should now be based on an embodiment are explained and described in more detail. Here shows the Figure the schematic structure of the device for continuous implementation of the process.

Die in der Figur dargestellte Vorrichtung 1 zur kontinuierlichen Durchführung des Verfahrens zur Bildübertragung weist eine Transporteinrichtung 1 für Spanplatten 3 auf. Die Spanplatten 3 sind in bekannter Weise vorbehandelt und beispielsweise furniert, grundierfolienbeschichtet oder lackgrundiert. Wesentlich ist dabei nur, daß ein Objekt mit einer beschichtbaren Oberfläche 6, die auch profiliert, d. h. dreidimensional ausgestattet sein kann, vorliegt. In der Arbeitsrichtung der Transporteinrichtung 2, die durch einen Pfeil 4 angedeutet ist, durchlaufen die Spanplatten 3 zuerst eine Beschichtungsstation 5. In der Beschichtungsstation 5 werden auf die Oberfläche 6 der Spanplatten 3 Mono- und Oligomere aufgetragen. Diese Mono- und Oligomere werden in einer nachfolgenden Vorvernetzungsstation 7 durch die Bestrahlung mit Elektronen vorvernetzt. Hierbei findet eine Quelle für energiereiche Elektronen mit einem Glühdraht 8 und einer eine Kathode 9 und eine Anode 10 aufweisenden Beschleunigungsstrecke Verwendung. Die Elektronen treten aus dem Glühdraht 8 aus und werden zwischen der Kathode und der Anode durch eine Beschleunigungsspannung von etwa 180 bis 300 kV beschleunigt. Die Beschleunigungsspannung bestimmt die Energie der beschleunigten Elektronen und damit deren mögliche Eindringtiefe in die auf die Oberfläche 6 der Spanplatten aufgebrachten Mono- bzw. Oligomere. Eine Flächenbelegung der Oberfläche 6 mit 400 g/m2 erfordert typischerweise eine Beschleunigungsspannung von 230 bis 250 kV, damit die Elektronen die gesamte aufgebrachte Schicht durchdringen. Weisen die auf die Oberfläche 6 aufgebrachten Mono- bzw. Oligomere Molekulargewichte zwischen 500 und 5.000 auf, so resultiert hieraus nach der Vorvernetzungsstation 7 eine Polymerschicht 11 aus niedermolekularen Polymeren mit Molekulargewichten etwa zwischen 50.000 und 100.000. Auf diese Polymerschicht 11 wird sodann ein mit Farbpigmenten beschichtetes, von einer Zuführeinrichtung 12 kommendes Transfermedium 13 aufgezogen. Gemeinsam mit dem Transfermedium 13, das in der Regel ein bedrucktes Papier ist, durchlaufen die Spanplatten 3 eine Doppelbandpresse 14. In der Doppelbandpresse 14 werden das Transfermedium 13 und die Polymerschicht 11 in innigen Kontakt gebracht, sowie erwärmt, so daß unter der Wärmeeinwirkung die Farbpigmente in die Polymerschicht eindiffundieren. Ob der lockeren Struktur der Polymerschicht aus niedermolekularen Polymeren reichen in der Doppelbandpresse 14 ein Anpreßdruck von weniger als 0,5 bar und eine Temperatur von weniger als 150 °C, vorzugsweise weniger als 100 °C aus. Eine Doppelbandpresse ist für das neue Verfahren dann besonders geeignet, wenn der Durchsatz an zu bedruckender Fläche sehr groß ist. Eine Doppelbandpresse eignet sich jedoch beispielsweise nicht für geformte Oberflächen 6. Zum Bedrucken geformter, insbesondere profilierter Oberflächen 6 sind Vakuumpressen, deren Betrieb jedoch nur diskontinuierlich ist, vorzuziehen. Im Anschluß an die Doppelbandpresse 14 wird das Transfermedium 13 mittels einer Aufwickelstation 15 wieder von der Spanplatte 3 bzw. der Polymerschicht 11 abgezogen. In einem letzten Schritt erfolgt nun die Vernetzung der niedermolekularen Polymere der Polymerschicht 11. Hierzu ist eine Aushärtestation 16 vorgesehen. Die Aushärtestation 16 weist wie die Vorvernetzungsstation 7 eine Quelle für energiereiche Elektronen auf, die ohne weiteres identisch ausgebildet sein kann. Nach dem Durchlauf der Aushärtestation 16 setzt sich die Polymerschicht 11 aus Polymeren mit Molekulargewichten größer als 1.000.000 zusammen. Hierdurch wird eine weitergehende Diffusion der Farbpigmente in der Polymerschicht 11 unterbunden und eine gute Oberflächenstabilität erreicht. Die Polymerschicht 11 weist im Anschluß an die Vorvernetzungsstation 7 bis zum Erreichen der Aushärtestation 16 nur eine geringe Oberflächenstabilität auf, die jedoch für ein beschädigungsloses Durchlaufen der Doppelbandpresse 14 unter Übertragung des Bildes von dem Transfermedium 13 ausreichend war. Die durch das neue Verfahren gewonnene Bildqualität auf bzw. in der Polymerschicht 11 auf der Oberfläche 6 der Spanplatte 3 ist brilliant. Dies ist insbesondere auf die Möglichkeit des Einsatzes einer großen Anzahl von Farbpigmenten und die Übertragung großer Farbpigmentmengen zurückzuführen. The device 1 shown in the figure for the continuous implementation of the method for image transmission has a transport device 1 for chipboard 3. The particle boards 3 are pretreated in a known manner and, for example, veneered, coated with a primer film or lacquer-primed. It is only essential that there is an object with a coatable surface 6, which can also be profiled, ie three-dimensionally equipped. In the working direction of the transport device 2, which is indicated by an arrow 4, the chipboard 3 first passes through a coating station 5. In the coating station 5, 3 monomers and oligomers are applied to the surface 6 of the chipboard. These mono- and oligomers are pre-cross-linked in a subsequent pre-cross-linking station 7 by irradiation with electrons. Here, a source for high-energy electrons with a filament 8 and an acceleration path having a cathode 9 and an anode 10 is used. The electrons emerge from the filament 8 and are accelerated between the cathode and the anode by an acceleration voltage of approximately 180 to 300 kV. The acceleration voltage determines the energy of the accelerated electrons and thus their possible penetration depth into the monomers or oligomers applied to the surface 6 of the chipboard. Covering the surface 6 with 400 g / m 2 typically requires an acceleration voltage of 230 to 250 kV so that the electrons penetrate the entire applied layer. If the mono- or oligomeric molecular weights applied to the surface 6 have between 500 and 5,000, this results, after the pre-crosslinking station 7, in a polymer layer 11 made of low molecular weight polymers with molecular weights between approximately 50,000 and 100,000. A transfer medium 13 coated with color pigments and coming from a feed device 12 is then drawn onto this polymer layer 11. Together with the transfer medium 13, which is usually a printed paper, the chipboards 3 pass through a double belt press 14. In the double belt press 14, the transfer medium 13 and the polymer layer 11 are brought into intimate contact and heated so that the color pigments are exposed to heat diffuse into the polymer layer. A contact pressure of less than 0.5 bar and a temperature of less than 150.degree. C., preferably less than 100.degree. C. are sufficient in the double belt press 14 to determine whether the loose structure of the polymer layer made of low molecular weight polymers is sufficient. A double belt press is particularly suitable for the new process if the throughput of the area to be printed is very large. However, a double belt press, for example, is not suitable for shaped surfaces 6. Vacuum presses are preferred for printing on shaped, in particular profiled surfaces 6, but their operation is only discontinuous. Following the double belt press 14, the transfer medium 13 is again pulled off from the chipboard 3 or the polymer layer 11 by means of a winding station 15. In a last step, the low molecular weight polymers of the polymer layer 11 are then crosslinked. A curing station 16 is provided for this purpose. Like the pre-crosslinking station 7, the curing station 16 has a source for high-energy electrons, which can easily be of identical design. After passing through the curing station 16, the polymer layer 11 is composed of polymers with molecular weights greater than 1,000,000. This prevents further diffusion of the color pigments in the polymer layer 11 and good surface stability is achieved. The polymer layer 11 has only a low surface stability after the pre-crosslinking station 7 until the curing station 16 has been reached, but this was sufficient for the double belt press 14 to pass through without damage while the image was being transferred from the transfer medium 13. The image quality obtained by the new method on or in the polymer layer 11 on the surface 6 of the chipboard 3 is brilliant. This is due in particular to the possibility of using a large number of color pigments and the transfer of large amounts of color pigments.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list ::

11
= Vorrichtung= Device
22nd
= Transporteinrichtung= Transport device
33rd
= Spanplatte= Chipboard
44th
= Pfeil= Arrow
55
= Beschichtungsstation= Coating station
66
= Oberfläche= Surface
77
= Vorvernetzungsstation= Pre-networking station
88th
= Glühdraht= Glow wire
99
= Kathode= Cathode
1010th
= Anode= Anode
1111
= Polymerschicht= Polymer layer
1212th
= Zuführeinrichtung= Feeding device
1313
= Transfermedium= Transfer medium
1414
= Doppelbandpresse= Double belt press
1515
= Aufwickelstation= Winding station
1616
= Aushärtestation= Curing station

Claims (10)

  1. Process to transfer pictures onto coated surfaces, especially those made of wooden materials, - whereby the surface (6) is coated with a polymer coating (11) consisting of low molecular polymers and the polymer coating (11) is to be hardened via electron beam radiation -whereby the polymer coating (11) is brought into intimate contact with a colour-pigment loaded transfer medium (13) under the influence of heat, -characterised by the fact that the colour-pigments diffuse deeply into the polymer coating(11), and - whereby the low molecular polymers after intimate contact of the polymer coating (11) with the transfer medium (13) are cross-linked with electron beam radiation, - in such a way that that the colour-pigments on cross-linking of the low molecular polymers are fixed in the polymer coating (11).
  2. Process according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that monomers and/or oligomers are placed onto the surface (6), which are pre-cross-linked to the low molecular polymers.
  3. Process according to claim 1 and 2, characterised by the fact, that the colour-pigments are not heated beyond 150 degrees C, especially not beyond 100 degrees C.
  4. Process according to claim 2, characterised by the fact, that a radiation dosage of 5 to 40 kGy is used to pre-cross-link the monomers, respectively the oligomers with electron beam radiation.
  5. Process according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised by the fact that a radiation dosage of 40 to 80 kGy is used to cross-link the low molecular polymers with electron beam radiation.
  6. Process according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised by the fact that another layer of monomers/oligomers and/or low molecular polymers is put onto the surface (6) after the intimate contact of the polymer coating (11) with the transfer medium (13), but prior to cross-linking.
  7. Apparatus to perform the process according to one of the claims 1 to 6, having a coating station (5), an unwinding device (12) for the transfer medium (13), a contact press (14) and a hardening station (16), characterised by the fact, that the hardening station (16) is placed after the contact press and has a source (8) of high energy electrons.
  8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterised by the fact that the hardening station (16) has a source for high energy electrons.
  9. Apparatus according to one of the claims 7 or 8, characterised by the fact, that a pre-cross-linking station (7) is positioned prior to the unwinding device (12) for the transfer medium (13) and that the pre-cross-linking station has another source of high energy electrons.
  10. Apparatus according to one of the claims 7 to 9, characterised by the fact, that another coating station is provided alter the contact press and prior to the hardening station (16).
EP92116174A 1991-09-30 1992-09-22 Method and apparatus for image transfer onto coated surfaces Expired - Lifetime EP0535504B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4132484 1991-09-30
DE4132484A DE4132484C1 (en) 1991-09-30 1991-09-30

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EP0535504B1 true EP0535504B1 (en) 1998-07-15

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JP (1) JPH06234266A (en)
AT (1) ATE168328T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4132484C1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6660370B2 (en) 2000-02-02 2003-12-09 Trespa International B.V. Method for making a colored multilayer composite, and colored multilayer composite produced by the method

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES1023769Y (en) * 1993-02-22 1994-03-01 Garbayo Marco PERFECTED PROFILE USED IN PRINTING AND SIMILAR.
MY129788A (en) 1996-01-25 2007-04-30 Innovia Films Ltd Printable film.
DE19751115A1 (en) * 1997-11-18 1999-05-20 Cruciger & Steffens Schreinere Decorated furniture panel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA752573B (en) * 1975-04-22 1976-04-28 British Industrial Plastics Improvements in or relating to colour printing
DE2940370C2 (en) * 1979-10-05 1985-02-21 Peter 8752 Kleinostheim Müser Use of methacrylates as a coating for printing metal sheets using the sublimation printing process
DE3724719A1 (en) * 1987-07-25 1989-02-02 Nortech Chemie Process for printing a substrate by transfer printing

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6660370B2 (en) 2000-02-02 2003-12-09 Trespa International B.V. Method for making a colored multilayer composite, and colored multilayer composite produced by the method

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DE59209417D1 (en) 1998-08-20
EP0535504A1 (en) 1993-04-07
JPH06234266A (en) 1994-08-23
ATE168328T1 (en) 1998-08-15

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