EP0535375B1 - Installation for carrying wrongly directed thrash from a rainwater-channel into a sewer-channel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for preventing wrongly directed flows out of a rainwater channel (2) from being introduced into a receiving channel. The process is characterised in that the wrongly directed flows out of the rainwater channel (2) are transferred into a waste-water channel (4). The wrongly directed flows thus do not pass into the receiving channel but are transferred to the waste-water channel (4) connected to the sewage-treatment installation. An installation for carrying out the process has a rainwater channel (2) and a waste-water channel (4) and, furthermore, a connecting line (5) therebetween having a flow slope towards the waste-water channel. A sill (18) for channelling liquid away into the connecting line is arranged in the rainwater channel, and a regulator (20) regulates the throughflow through the connecting line (5). When the water in the rainwater channel (2) exceeds a defined level, the regulator (20) blocks off said channel towards the waste-water channel (4) and opens it again when the water falls below said level. Instead of a regulator (20) a pump (34) may also be provided which conveys the liquid from the rainwater channel (2) to the waste-water channel (4). <IMAGE>

Description

• 1. Die Wassermenge ist ausreichend, um bis zum Vorfluter zu gelangen und tritt dort, bedingt durch die Fließverzögerung, als "Trielwasser" in nicht meßbarer Menge über Stunden aus, oder
• 2. die eingeleitete Wassermenge wird in den Ablagerungen des Regenwasserkanals aufgenommen und erst bei einsetzendem Regen als Schmutzstoß ausgewaschen.

In the past there have been repeated reports and reports of water pollution from rainwater outlets from separation systems. There are many reasons. Ignorance of the citizens is often the cause. Contamination from incorrect connections occurs during renovation work in companies or households. Through confusion, dirty water sources are connected to the rain water sewer system. The search for these incorrect connections using a remote eye or signal fog is very time-consuming, costly and personnel-intensive. Other not to be underestimated The causes are washing up consisting of oil, fuel residues, tire abrasion from roads, as well as distributions in the domestic area, draining waste tanks from coaches or mobile homes, construction work or facade cleaning or car washing on the roadside. With all incorrect discharges of wastewater or wastewater, also referred to below as drain water, into the rainwater system, two things can happen:

• 1. The amount of water is sufficient to get to the receiving water and there, due to the flow delay, emerges as "tap water" in immeasurable amounts over hours, or
• 2. The amount of water introduced is taken up in the deposits of the rainwater channel and only washed out as a burst of dirt when it starts to rain.

Finally, when rain starts, floating substances can be flushed into the rainwater channel via street inlets and transported to the receiving water.

A system for transferring incorrect discharges from a rainwater channel into a dirty water channel according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE-A-3636358.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a system with which it is largely possible to prevent incorrect discharges from reaching a drainage channel from a rainwater channel.

The object is achieved by a system having the features of claim 1. The invention takes advantage of the fact that a separating water system, which is connected to the sewage treatment plant, is routed parallel to the rainwater channel in separation systems. By removing the incorrect discharges from the rainwater sewer and transferring them into the sewage sewer, the sewage or waste water is extracted from the rainwater sewer and fed to the sewage treatment plant. To ensure that incorrect discharges into the sewage system are disposed of up to the receiving water faulty discharges should be transferred from the rainwater channel to the dirty water channel shortly before the receiving water.

According to one form of the invention, it is provided that the incorrect discharges are transferred into the latter due to a flow gradient between the rainwater channel and the dirty water channel. This takes advantage of the fact that in a separation system the dirty water channel is always lower than the rain water channel and thus the dirty or waste water in the rain water channel can get into the dirty water channel due to the natural flow gradient. There is also the possibility of pumping the incorrect discharges from the rainwater channel into the dirty water channel. In this case, the dirty water channel could even be arranged higher than the rain water channel.

The transfer of the incorrect discharges from the rainwater channel into the dirty water channel is to be regulated in such a way that the trickle water carried in the rainwater channel and the dirty water initially occurring during a rain event get from the rainwater channel into the dirty water channel. If a defined water level in the rainwater channel is exceeded, it is then shut off towards the waste water channel, and opened again when the water level falls below the defined level. This means that after the drainage or waste water has been drained off, the clean rainwater flowing through the rainwater channel in the event of a rain event is completely conducted to the receiving water. Only when the amount of rainwater decreases again does the transition to the sewage channel open, so that the remaining rainwater that accumulates at the end of the rain event is transported back to the sewage outlet. The exact water level at which the rainwater channel to the dirty water channel is shut off depends on how much rainwater, ie water that is no longer contaminated with the dirt, should run out directly. In any case, the rainwater channel to the dirty water channel must remain open for so long that all water from the drain is transferred to the dirty water channel.

If there is a risk that dirty water can pass from the dirty water channel into the rainwater channel, it is expediently provided that the dirty water channel is blocked off from the rainwater channel. If the rainwater channel to the dirty water channel is not closed off, water can thus pass from the rainwater channel to the dirty water channel, but not vice versa.

The connecting line should also be assigned a shut-off element that shuts off the dirty water channel towards the rain water channel.

The controller assigned to the connecting line advantageously has a throttle element which can be moved in front of the inlet opening of the connecting line and which is controlled as a function of the liquid level in the rainwater channel, in such a way that it fades the inlet opening more with increasing liquid level until it completely closes the inlet opening when the defined water level is exceeded. In this position, all water flowing through the rainwater channel reaches the receiving water via its outlet. The throttle element can be designed as a throttle orifice which is connected to a float via a float arm.

The main function of the controller described is thus Throttling the connecting line to a defined value. This freely defined value, which depends on the performance of the waste water system, should be maintained until the closing value is reached. After reaching the overflow mark, which corresponds to the closing value, the controller closes the connecting line until the tidal wave of the rainwater channel has expired. The float measures continuously and opens the controller after the wave has decayed, expedient if the set amount of water is maintained until it fully opens. When the controller begins to open, water is discharged from the rainwater channel through the connecting line in the manner of a bypass to the dirty water channel. Due to the small opening and the relatively high water level, a high flow rate is achieved under the throttle element. The bypass and the sump in front of the connecting line are cleaned, and after the regulator is fully opened, the floating materials are also rinsed off to the dirty water system.

The main function of the threshold is to divert the tap water to the connecting pipe. The roof-shaped design results in favorable hydraulic conditions. Another advantage of the threshold is its storage capacity. In the event of a short-term backwater in the dirty water channel and thus the connection line being closed, the water from the tap can be temporarily stored in dry weather and then drained off. The threshold level is preferably adjustable.

The rainwater channel expediently has a shaft, the bottom of the rainwater channel being arranged above the shaft bottom and the rainwater channel inside the shaft having a lateral opening, the threshold in the region of the opening also being arranged obliquely to the extent of the channel in this and the shaft bottom is arranged at the same level as the sole of the inlet opening of the connecting line. The creation of a swamp as a result of different Levels of the bottom of the rainwater channel and the bottom of the manhole have the disadvantage of losing the difference in height between the rainwater and sewage channels, but also many advantages. The sump is used to absorb the water from the drain before it is transferred, there is an acceleration of the heavy substances and thus keeping the sump and regulator clean, the sump is used to absorb the flushing impulse when it starts to rain and creates an intermediate buffer. The resulting pressure drop ultimately increases the flow rate in the connecting line.

It is considered particularly advantageous if a baffle is arranged between the rainwater outlet and the connecting line. Contaminants that reach the swamp during the start-up phase of a rain through the rainwater canal are removed through the connecting line. For floating materials or oil deposits, however, due to their specific weight, this is only possible with the top of the connecting line exposed. The floating materials in the shaft are swirled and discharged. By using a baffle, which can be designed to be fixed, removable, for example as a push-in wall, or as a floating baffle, the floating materials that have once entered the swamp zone are retained until the connecting line is opened and transported away by the latter.

The shut-off element associated with the connecting line is advantageously designed as a check valve. This must always form a secure seal between the dirty water channel and the rain water channel, regardless of the water level in the dirty water channel and the flow conditions when using an appropriate dirty water shaft.

The object is further achieved by a system with the features of claim 11.

This corresponds to that previously discussed, with the difference that instead of the controller and the connecting line arranged downstream of it, a pump conveys the tap water via a line into the dirty water channel. In order to ensure the secure sealing of the dirty water channel to the rain water channel, a check valve is expediently arranged in the flow connection from the pump to the dirty water channel.

Figur 1

eine schematische Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform der Anlage zum Überführen der Fehleinleitungen, verdeutlicht für die Fließverhältnisse bei Trockenwetter,

Figur 2

eine Anlage gemäß Figur 1, verdeutlicht für die Fließverhältnisse bei Regenwetter,

Figur 3

eine Anlage gemäß Figur 1, verdeutlicht für die Fließverhältnisse bei einem Rückstau bei Trockenwetter,

Figur 4

eine Anlage gemäß Figur 1, verdeutlicht für die Fließverhältnisse bei einem Rückstau bei Regenwetter,

Figur 5

ein Grundriß des in den Figuren 1 bis 4 gezeigten Schachtes mit Regenwasserkanal und Verbindungsleitung,

Figur 6

einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie VI-VI in Figur 5,

Figur 7

einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie VII-VII in Figur 5,

Figur 8

eine Ausführungsform, bei der die Regleranlage auf der vom Schmutzwasserkanal abgewandten Seite des Regenkanals errichtet ist,

Figur 9

eine Ausführungsform, bei der für den Regenwasserkanal und den Schmutzwasserkanal ein gemeinsamer Schacht mit Trennwand vorgesehen ist,

Figur 10

eine schematische Darstellung zur grundsätzlichen Verdeutlichung der Funktion der Regleranlage und

Figur 11

eine Ausführungsform der Anlage unter Verwendung einer Pumpe.

The invention is illustrated in the figures on the basis of several embodiments, without being limited to these. It shows:

Figure 1

2 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of the installation for transferring the incorrect discharges, illustrating the flow conditions in dry weather,

Figure 2

a plant according to Figure 1, clarifies the flow conditions in rainy weather,

Figure 3

2 shows a system according to FIG. 1, illustrating the flow conditions in the case of a backwater in dry weather,

Figure 4

2 shows a system according to FIG. 1, clarifying the flow conditions in the case of a backwater in rainy weather,

Figure 5

1 shows a plan of the shaft shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 with a rainwater channel and a connecting line,

Figure 6

5 shows a section along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5,

Figure 7

5 shows a section along the line VII-VII in FIG. 5,

Figure 8

an embodiment in which the controller system is installed on the side of the rain channel facing away from the dirty water channel,

Figure 9

an embodiment in which a common shaft with a partition is provided for the rainwater channel and the dirty water channel,

Figure 10

a schematic representation to illustrate the basic function of the controller and

Figure 11

an embodiment of the system using a pump.

1 shows a shaft 1, to which a rainwater channel 2 is assigned, a shaft 3 to which a dirty water channel 4 is assigned, and a connecting line 5, which connects the shaft 1 and the shaft 3 to one another. The two shafts 1 and 3 are closed by covers 6 and 7, the reference number 8 denotes the surface of the earth.

The bottom 9 of the rainwater channel 2 is located above the bottom 10 of the shaft 1. The dirty water channel 4 is formed by a groove-like depression in the shaft 1, the bottom 11 of the dirty water channel 4 lies below the bottom 10 of the shaft 1. An end wall 12 of the shaft 1 is provided with an opening 13 which forms the inlet opening for the connecting line 5. The opening 13 is located below the base 9 of the rainwater channel 2 and coincides with the base 10 of the shaft 1. Starting from the opening 13, the connecting line 5 runs at a constant slope to the shaft 3 and passes through the side wall 14 adjacent to the shaft 1. The connecting line 5 projects partially into the shaft space 15, the opening of which is assigned to the shaft 3 and is located above the dirty water channel 4, e.g. closed by means of a shut-off valve designed as a check valve 16.

As can be seen from the illustration in FIGS. 5 to 7 for a slightly modified embodiment, the Rainwater channel 2, which is designed as a tube outside the shaft 1 and is guided inside the shaft 1 in a channel bed 19, has a lateral opening 17 in the shaft 1, in the area of which, starting from the bottom 9 of the rainwater channel 2, a threshold 18 is arranged is, which extends obliquely to the longitudinal extent of the rainwater channel 2. The threshold 18 serves to divert the water flowing upstream of the shaft 1 through the rainwater channel 2 into the sump 30 of the shaft 1.

A regulator 20, which is shown in detail in FIG. 10, is provided as an example for regulating or completely closing the opening 13 in the shaft 1. This has a throttle diaphragm 21, which is guided above the channel opening 13 and is connected to a drive pulley 22, which are rotatably mounted on a common fixed axis 23. A rope 24 runs over a second disk 25, which in turn is rotatably mounted on a fixed axis 26. This axis 26 and the axis 23 are fastened to a common base plate 27, which in turn is connected to the end wall 12 of the shaft 1. Furthermore, a float arm 28 is connected to the disk 25, the end of which, remote from the axis 26, receives a float 29. FIG. 10 shows the throttle orifice 21, the float arm 28 and the float 29 with solid lines for the case of minimal fluid accumulation or no fluid accumulation in the shaft 1, the non-solid lines the parts mentioned with increased fluid accumulation. In the first case, the throttle diaphragm 21 completely opens the opening 13, while a pivoting movement of the float arm 28 reaches a position in which, as can be seen from the broken line of the throttle diaphragm 21, the throttle diaphragm 21 closes the opening 13 completely. Between these two extreme positions, there are intermediate positions in which the throttle diaphragm 21 more or less blocks the opening 13. - For the sake of simplicity, FIGS. 1 to 4 and 6 have omitted the detailed illustration of the controller 20 and only the float arm 28 and the float 29 are shown. The upper end positions of the float 29 also differ.

The function of the system shown so far is described below:

The conditions resulting from dry weather are illustrated in FIG. 1. The incorrect discharges introduced into the rainwater channel, ie dirty and waste water, are transported through the rainwater channel 2 to the shaft 1. In shaft 1, the incorrect discharges are passed through threshold 18 into the sump 30 of shaft 1. Since the incoming incorrect discharges are so small in quantity that there is no liquid build-up in the sump 30, there is no floating of the float 29, so that the incorrect discharges reach the connecting line 5 through the open regulator and from there with a natural flow gradient to the check valve 16 over into the shaft 3, where they collect in the waste water channel 11 and are discharged to the sewage treatment plant. At the start of a rain event, little rain water initially passes through the rain water channel 2 and is diverted from the threshold 18 into the swamp 30 in the shaft 1. In this start-up phase, deposits and floating substances are loosened in the section of the rainwater channel 2 located upstream of the shaft 1 and, starting from the sump 30, fed to the dirty water channel 4 through the connecting line 5. In the event of prolonged and intensive rain, the water level in the rainwater channel 2 will increase increasingly, so that more water will get into the shaft 1 through the lateral opening 17 and build up there. This leads to the float 29 of the regulator 20 floating up and moving the throttle diaphragm 21 into such a position that it completely closes the opening 13 to the connecting duct 5. The situation in rainy weather is shown in FIG. 2, where the float 20 is flooded by the water in the shaft 1. In rainy weather, no water from the rainwater channel 2 gets into the dirty water channel 4, and the largely clean rainwater led through the rainwater channel 2 becomes directly the Receiving water. After the rain event, the opening point of the regulator is reached again in the sewer phase in the rainwater duct 2, so that it opens the connecting line 5 again. Because of the rain water still flowing in small quantities through the rain water channel 2, the dirty water channel 4 experiences a second flush with rain water through the connecting line 5. Floating substances and contaminants retained by the threshold 18 from the rainwater channel 2 are safely transported away in the dirty water channel 4.

A baffle 31 is additionally shown in shaft 1 in FIG. The lower edge of the baffle 31 lies below the upper edge of the threshold 18. The baffle 31 thus retains floating substances once they have reached the swamp zone, so that they can be safely transported away through the connecting line 5 after opening. The reference number 31 'alternatively designates an insertable baffle. It can be removed so that no second shaft opening is required.

A backlog in dry weather in the waste water channel 4 would inevitably lead to water pollution through the connecting line 5. To prevent this, e.g. a check valve 16 closing the connecting line 5 is provided. The regulator 20 itself offers a second protection, but not sufficient by itself. A backflow from the dirty water channel 4 would raise the float 29 and force the regulator 20 to close. Only the slight difference between the upper limit value of the controller 20 and the upper edge of the threshold 18, which allows the throttle orifice 21 to open automatically, would also allow dirty water to reach the receiving water to a small extent. The conditions of the backflow in dry weather are shown in FIG. 3.

Figure 4 illustrates the conditions in a backwater in rainy weather. The processes described for FIG. 3 occur here. However, the controller 20 is activated from the side of the rainwater channel 2. Both sides of the connecting line 5 close up. Since the sewage channel 4 has a fault anyway, a transfer of rainwater is not useful.

FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate alternative connection forms of rainwater channel 2 and dirty water channel 4. In the embodiment according to FIG. 8, the controller 20 is installed on the side facing away from the dirty water channel 4. The connecting line 5 passes under the rainwater channel 2 and connects to the shaft 3 of the dirty water channel 4. In the embodiment according to FIG. 9, a common shaft 32 with a partition 33 is created for the rainwater channel 2 and the dirty water channel 4. The controller 20 is assigned to the partition 33.

• die Pumpe fördert kontinuierlich weiter, bis der Ausschaltpunkt wieder erreicht ist,
• die Pumpe erhält einen oberen Ausschaltpunkt und schaltet nach abgefallenem Wasserstand wieder ein,
• die Verbindungsleitung wird mit einem Verschlußorgan ausgestattet, dieser verschließt die Verbindungsleitung vom Sumpf zum Schmutzwasserkanal bei einsetzendem Regen. Die Pumpe erhält dabei eine Schwimmersteuerung und entleert nur den tiefer liegenden Sumpf,
• der Sumpf wird als Bypass zum Regenwasserkanal angeordnet, dieser Bypass wird bei einsetzendem Regen verschlossen.

FIG. 11 illustrates the conditions for a system in which a pump 34 is arranged in the sump 30 of the shaft 1 instead of a controller 20. The system according to FIG. 11 differs from that according to FIGS. 1 to 7 only in that instead of the regulator 20 the pump 34 is provided which conveys into the shaft 3 via the line 5, with instead of the non-return flap 16 in the connecting line 5 in the flow connection from the pump 34 to the dirty water channel 4, for example a check valve 35 is arranged. Due to the use of the pump, the rainwater channel and the dirty water channel 4 can be at any level to each other, i.e. the dirty water channel 4 is higher than the rainwater channel 2. When rain starts, the following variants are conceivable when using a pump:

• the pump continues to pump until the switch-off point is reached again,
• the pump receives an upper switch-off point and switches on again after the water level has dropped,
• the connecting line is equipped with a locking element, which closes the connecting line from the sump to the dirty water channel when it starts to rain. The pump receives a float control and only empties the lower sump,
• the swamp is arranged as a bypass to the rainwater channel, this bypass is closed when it starts to rain.

Claims (15)

1. System for transferring foul discharges from a rainwater sewer (2) into a dirty-water sewer (4), a connecting conduit (5) being provided between the rainwater sewer (2) and the dirty-water sewer (4), with a flow gradient of the connecting conduit (5) from the higher connection point in the rainwater sewer (2) to the lower connection point in the dirty-water sewer (4), characterized by a sill (18) for diverting liquid into the connecting conduit (5), the said sill being arranged in the rainwater sewer (2) in the region of the connecting conduit (5), and by a regulator (20) which regulates the flow through the connecting conduit (5) and which, when a specific water level in the rainwater sewer (2) is exceeded, shuts off the latter relative to the dirty-water sewer (4) and opens it again if the water falls below the said level.
2. System according to Claim 1, characterized in that the connecting conduit (5) is assigned a shut-off element (16) which shuts off the dirty-water sewer (4) relative to the rainwater sewer (2).
3. System according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the regulator (20) assigned to the connecting conduit (5) has a throttle member (21) which is capable of being moved in front of the inflow orifice (13) of the connecting conduit (5) and which is controlled as a function of the liquid level in the rainwater sewer (2), in such a way that, with a rising liquid level, the said regulator closes the inflow orifice (13) to a greater extent, up to complete closure.
4. System according to Claim 3, characterized in that the throttle member is designed as a throttle diaphragm (21) which is connected to a float (29) via a float arm (28).
5. System according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the overflow level of the sill (18) is adjustable.
6. System according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rainwater sewer (2) has a manhole (1), the floor (9) of the rainwater sewer (2) being arranged above the floor (10) of the manhole (1), and the rainwater sewer (2) having a lateral orifice (17) within the manhole (1), and, furthermore, the sill (18) being arranged in the region of the orifice (17) in the rainwater sewer (2) obliquely relative to the extension of the latter.
7. System according to Claim 6, characterized in that the floor (10) of the manhole (1) is arranged at the same level as the floor of the inflow orifice (13) of the connecting conduit (5).
8. System according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a baffle plate (31, 31'), which reaches below the overflow level of the sill (18), is arranged between the rainwater sewer (2) and the connecting conduit (5).
9. System according to Claim 8, characterized in that the baffle plate (31, 31') has a fixed or removable or floating design.
10. System according to one of Claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the shut-off element assigned to the connecting conduit (5) is designed as a non-return flap (16).
11. System for transferring foul discharges from a rainwater sewer (2) into a dirty-water sewer (4), a connecting conduit (5) being provided between the rainwater sewer (2) and the dirty-water sewer (4), characterized in that the rainwater sewer (2) has a manhole (1), the floor (9) of the rainwater sewer (2) is arranged above the floor (10) of the manhole (1) and the rainwater sewer (2) has a lateral orifice within the manhole (1), and, furthermore, a sill (18) being arranged in the region of the orifice in the rainwater sewer (2) obliquely relative to the extension of the latter, and there being arranged at the floor level of the manhole (1) a pump (34) which is connected to the dirty-water sewer (4) via a conduit (5).
12. System according to Claim 11, characterized in that the overflow level of the sill (18) is adjustable.
13. System according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a baffle plate (31, 31') is arranged between the rainwater sewer (2) and the pump (34).
14. System according to Claim 13, characterized in that the baffle plate (31, 31') is arranged in a fixed or removable or floating manner.
15. System according to one of Claims 11 to 14, characterized in that a non-return valve (35) is arranged in the flow connection from the pump (34) to the dirty-water sewer (4).

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