EP0529390B1 - Means for detecting gear position and means for correction - Google Patents

Means for detecting gear position and means for correction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0529390B1
EP0529390B1 EP92113613A EP92113613A EP0529390B1 EP 0529390 B1 EP0529390 B1 EP 0529390B1 EP 92113613 A EP92113613 A EP 92113613A EP 92113613 A EP92113613 A EP 92113613A EP 0529390 B1 EP0529390 B1 EP 0529390B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
hour
motor
disc
mechanism according
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EP92113613A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0529390A3 (en
EP0529390A2 (en
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Jürgen Allgaier
Wolfgang Ganter
Roland Maurer
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Junghans Uhren GmbH
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Junghans Uhren GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/14—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means incorporating a stepping motor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device is known from DE 38 28 810. It essentially consists of a reflex light barrier with a rotating diaphragm disk system in front of a rotating mirror pattern that extends over different arc lengths. On the irradiation side, the diaphragm disk system has an interrupted mirror coating on the hour wheel of a pointer mechanism, which interacts with its intermediate wheel designed as a pinhole in the beam path of the light barrier. For unambiguous angular position detection results, an aperture disc combination is arranged in front of the minute wheel mirroring, which consists of the second wheel and its intermediate wheel.
  • the light barrier evaluation of the different shading and passage positions of the diaphragm openings in the beam path is quite complex in terms of equipment and requires a comparatively large amount of time for the swiveling in of all the pointers connected to the gears in a geared or torsionally rigid manner into a defined reference position, from which to the angular position for the current pointer time display in front of the scale of a radio clock of the type described in more detail in US 4,645,357 is described, can be switched.
  • the implementation of a light barrier in the wheel area of the movement makes it possible to do without a visually disturbing direct optronic pointer angle position query in the dial of the watch; but the generic pinhole system is still not optimal in terms of the structure of the plant and the effort for the motor controls.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a device of the generic type in such a way that a simpler position query and transfer of the display elements into a predetermined display position, in particular into a reference position, can be realized.
  • the wheel mirrored on the irradiation side is the hour wheel of the clockwork.
  • This hour wheel is the first in the radiation path and can be moved independently of the wheels for the other display elements, preferably via its own motor.
  • a movable deflection mirror (or fixed behind a movable pinhole) is provided as the rear reflector in the radiation path.
  • the minute wheel and the second wheel are arranged coaxially behind the hour wheel, so that the tried and tested, inexpensive construction of a standard pointer mechanism can be used.
  • the rear mirror function for the beam path deflection is performed by the small bottom wheel behind the idler gear, both of which are eccentrically mounted with respect to the pointer shaft axes, in order to be able to maintain the tried-and-tested, easy-to-assemble standard structure of a watch wheel train.
  • drive motors which can be actuated act on one with its rotor pinion the idler gear to the second gear and also via the gear coupling of the small ground gear to the minute gear; while a separate motor with a reduction is provided for driving the hour display, which does not interfere with the beam path.
  • the drive motors in accordance with the technology commonly found today in electromechanical clockworks are bipolar stepper motors, they are expediently first both subjected to a pulse of the randomly given polarity at the start of operation, so that they react uniformly during the subsequent control with reversed polarity, if then the beam barrier diaphragm system is to be adjusted in a defined manner in order to be able to move into a clear reference position from a randomly given, not yet clear reflex situation.
  • a reflex signal can initially stem from the fact that the beam path up to the rear mirror is cleared through all pinholes; however, it can also be due to the fact that the mirroring of the foremost wheel on the input side lies in the beam path, that is to say that the foremost wheel is not in the reference position (with the perforated apertures located behind it in any position). If the reflex signal should not come from the input mirroring, but from the rear mirror, then it would have to disappear when the rear diaphragm disks are moved out of the current position. For this reason, their gears are temporarily moved. If this does not yet lead to the interruption of the reflex signal, then this can only be due to the fact that the beam path is already reflected at the input mirroring.
  • the reference position of the hour aperture and the display means (for example, an hour hand) coupled to it can be reached. If the reflex signal has now disappeared, the other pinhole diaphragms are then moved again until they align their holes with the hole interruption in the entrance mirroring, so that the beam path now passes through the rear mirror is continuous and the reflex signal appears again at the barrier.
  • the other display means minute and second hands are thus also pivoted into the reference position, from which the display position corresponding to the absolutely given time can now be moved in, as is known as such in radio-controlled clocks.
  • the movement 11, sketched in broken longitudinal section through its pointer shaft axis 10, for a radio clock 12 with a pointer time display holds a second hand shaft 14 in a carrier plate 13, the torsionally rigid is connected to a second wheel 15 arranged behind it.
  • this is driven continuously or preferably discontinuously via an intermediate wheel 16 by a so-called second motor 17, of which the stator 19 comprised in the sectional plane of FIG. 1 Rotor 20 is.
  • Concentric with the second wheel 15, the carrier plate 13 is held opposite, between the latter and a circuit board 21 delimiting the front 11, the minute wheel 22 with minute hand shaft 23 and the hour wheel 24 with hour hand shaft 25.
  • the hour wheel 24 While the minute wheel 22 is driven by the second wheel 15 via a small bottom wheel 28 located eccentrically at the back in the factory 11, the hour wheel 24 has its own motor 26 to avoid a gear change (FIG. 2).
  • a reduction gear 27 is expediently connected downstream of it, so that the hour hand is moved further, for example, with the step sequence of 1/60 Hz (ie one step per minute).
  • the circuit board 21 carries in particular the radio clock circuit 29 for receiving and decoding absolute time information, a control circuit 30 for time-keeping and, if necessary, also for corrective drive of the movement 11, and a reflex barrier 31 with a transmitting part 32 and a receiving part 33 for the visible or invisible spectral range Pointer position detection, including the wiring between these electrical functional components.
  • the beam path 34 traverses a plurality of pinholes, of which a carrier hole 13 'is formed in the carrier plate 13, that is to say is arranged fixed to the device.
  • the rear hole 28 ' has the function of a reversal in the beam path 34 and is therefore deposited in the illustrated passage position of the pinhole diaphragms by a mirror 35 which (see FIG.
  • the front pane 24 ′′ closest to the transmitting / receiving parts 32/33 of the barrier 31 is provided with a mirror coating 37 at least over a circular ring width in the beam path 34, but interrupted by a hole 24 ′.
  • the three movable perforated diaphragm disks 22 ′′, 15 ′′ and 16 ′′ arranged in the path 34 behind them are only equipped with diaphragm through holes 22 ′, 15 ′ and 16 ′.
  • the motors 17, 26 are bipolar stepper motors which are driven with pulses of alternating pulse polarity
  • a rotor position detector should actually be provided, which when the clock 12 is started up (for example by inserting one Battery 39) pre-sets the driver circuit 40 so that the first drive pulse 41 to be emitted also has the polarity that is at the current rotor position produces a torque.
  • the use of such a detector circuit would be too complex in terms of the price requirements for a consumer watch. This effort is now avoided by starting a clock pulse 42 for a single drive pulse 41 with currently occurring polarity on the motors 17, 26 with their randomly given rotor position.
  • the reflex signal 38 already appears without it being possible to tell whether it is due to a reflection on the front mirror 37 or on rear mirror 35 is based.
  • the aperture system is therefore initially to be adjusted so that no reflex signal 38 occurs due to the lack of a continuous beam path 34.
  • the reflex signal 38 therefore drives the driver 40 for the second motor 17, with a polarity which is now reversed with respect to the drive pulse 41 mentioned above, so that the motor 17 takes a step out of the given position and thereby the idler wheel disk 16 '' shifted by at least the arch path taken by its hole 16 '.
  • the instantaneous reflection of an hour position detector 46 is queried from the reflex signal 38, which preferably counts the increments of the motor 26 accumulated from a reference position, in order to avoid a more complex absolute angle encoder for the hour disc 24.
  • the motor 26 is activated until a full hour hand cycle is counted, in order to then reset the detector 46 to zero by means of a reset signal 48, and the previous play of the query and switching is repeated, as if through the loop 3 illustrated upward to the left of the center.
  • the query as the hour position detector 46 inevitably provides instantaneous values below the reference position, which is preferably (as taken into account in FIG.
  • the hour motor 26 is switched on until the reflex signal 38 disappears in order to emit an hour reset signal 48 'again. Then the hour motor 26 continues to be operated until its position detector 46 identifies a predetermined number of x indexing steps, which represents approximately the center of the interruption in the front mirror 37 and thus ensures that the beam path 34 is stable released (while only a tangential release can be interrupted by gear play and could lead to malfunctions).
  • the hour disc 24 (in the case of a hand watch, the hour wheel 24 with the hour hand connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner) has been moved centrally into the reference position, the second motor 17 will continue to be operated until the barrier 31 has a continuous beam path 34 again and the second Position detector 45 is reset to the zero position. Now all the pointers are in their reference position, and from now on the pointer movement is counted in order to be able to turn it into rapid time into an absolute time information received and decoded in the radio clock 12 and then to be able to move it out of it in a time-keeping manner.
  • a manually triggerable stop circuit 49 is provided in dashed lines in FIG. 2 and in FIG. 3, which essentially results in bridging the query of the hourly position detector 46. This has the effect that the hour wheel 24 stops when the reference position is reached for the first time, if the beam path 34 is blocked behind the mirroring hole 24 'on the input side. Thereupon, the query of the barrier 31 leads to the further rotation of these rear diaphragm disks up to the coaxial position of their openings, so that the beam path 34 to the rear mirror 35 is released.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine derartige Einrichtung ist aus der DE 38 28 810 bekannt. Sie besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Reflexlichtschranke mit rotierendem Blendenscheibensystem vor einem rotierenden, sich über unterschiedliche Bogenlängen erstreckenden Spiegelmuster. Das Blendenscheibensystem weist einstrahlungsseitig eine unterbrochene Verspiegelung auf dem Stundenrad eines Zeigerwerks auf, das mit seinem als Lochblende ausgestalteten Zwischenrad im Strahlenweg der Lichtschranke zusammenwirkt. Für eindeutige Winkelstellungs-Detektionsergebnisse ist vor der Minutenrad-Verspiegelung noch eine Blendenscheibenkombination angeordnet, die aus dem Sekundenrad und seinem Zwischenrad besteht. Die Lichtschrankenauswertung der unterschiedlichen Abschattungs- und Durchgangs-Stellungen der Blendenöffnungen im Strahlenweg ist allerdings apparativ recht aufwendig und bedingt einen vergleichsweise großen Zeitaufwand für das Einschwenken aller mit den Rädern getrieblich oder drehstarr verbundener Zeiger in eine definierte Referenzstellung, aus der heraus in die Winkelstellung für die aktuelle Zeiger-Zeitanzeige vor der Skala einer Funkuhr der Art, wie sie in der US 4,645,357 näher beschrieben ist, weitergeschaltet werden kann. Die Realisierung einer Lichtschranke im Räderbereich des Werkes ermöglicht es zwar, auf eine visuell störende direkte optronische Zeigerwinkelstellungsabfrage im Zifferblatt der Uhr zu verzichten; aber das gattungsbildende Lochblendensystem ist durchaus noch nicht optimal in Hinblick auf den Werkaufbau und den Aufwand für die Motorsteuerungen.Such a device is known from DE 38 28 810. It essentially consists of a reflex light barrier with a rotating diaphragm disk system in front of a rotating mirror pattern that extends over different arc lengths. On the irradiation side, the diaphragm disk system has an interrupted mirror coating on the hour wheel of a pointer mechanism, which interacts with its intermediate wheel designed as a pinhole in the beam path of the light barrier. For unambiguous angular position detection results, an aperture disc combination is arranged in front of the minute wheel mirroring, which consists of the second wheel and its intermediate wheel. However, the light barrier evaluation of the different shading and passage positions of the diaphragm openings in the beam path is quite complex in terms of equipment and requires a comparatively large amount of time for the swiveling in of all the pointers connected to the gears in a geared or torsionally rigid manner into a defined reference position, from which to the angular position for the current pointer time display in front of the scale of a radio clock of the type described in more detail in US 4,645,357 is described, can be switched. The implementation of a light barrier in the wheel area of the movement makes it possible to do without a visually disturbing direct optronic pointer angle position query in the dial of the watch; but the generic pinhole system is still not optimal in terms of the structure of the plant and the effort for the motor controls.

In Erkenntnis dieser Gegebenheiten liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung gattungsgemäßer Art derart auszugestalten, daß sich eine einfachere Positionsabfrage und Überführung der Anzeigeorgane in eine vorgegebene Anzeigestellung, insbesondere in eine Referenzstellung, realisieren läßt.In recognition of these circumstances, the invention is based on the object of designing a device of the generic type in such a way that a simpler position query and transfer of the display elements into a predetermined display position, in particular into a reference position, can be realized.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß im wesentlichen dadurch gelöst, daß die gattungsgemäße Einrichtung gemäß dem Kennzeichnungsteil des Anspruches 1 ausgestaltet ist.This object is essentially achieved in that the generic device is designed according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Nach dieser Lösung ist das einstrahlungsseitig (bis auf die Blendenöffnung) verspiegelte Rad das Stundenrad des Zeigerwerks. Dieses Stundenrad liegt als erstes im Strahlungswege und ist unabhängig von den Rädern für die anderen Anzeigeorgane, vorzugsweise über einen eigenen Motor, bewegbar. Als rückwärtiger Reflektor ist im Strahlungsweg ein beweglicher (oder hinter einer beweglichen Lochblende feststehender) Umlenkspiegel vorgesehen. Dazwischen sind hinter dem Stundenrad koaxial das Minutenrad und das Sekundenrad angeordnet, so daß insoweit auf den bewährten, preisgünstigen Aufbau eines Standard-Zeigerwerks zurückgegriffen werden kann. Die hintere Spiegelfunktion für die Strahlweg-Umlenkung wird vom Kleinbodenrad hinter dem Zwischenrad wahrgenommen, die beide exzentrisch bezüglich der Zeigerwellenachsen gelagert sind, um auch insoweit den bewährten montagefreundlichen Standard-Aufbau eines Uhren-Räderwerks beibehalten zu können. Im Falle von zwei unabhängig voneinander im Eilgang, und nach der Zeigerstellungs-Korrektur dann über eine elektronische Kopplung zeithaltend, ansteuerbaren Antriebsmotoren wirkt einer mit seinem Rotor-Ritzel über das Zwischenrad auf das Sekundenrad sowie weiterhin über die getriebliche Kopplung des Kleinbodenrades auf das Minutenrad; während für den Antrieb der Stundenanzeige ein eigener Motor mit einer Untersetzung vorgesehen ist, die nicht in den Strahlenweg eingreift.According to this solution, the wheel mirrored on the irradiation side (except for the aperture) is the hour wheel of the clockwork. This hour wheel is the first in the radiation path and can be moved independently of the wheels for the other display elements, preferably via its own motor. A movable deflection mirror (or fixed behind a movable pinhole) is provided as the rear reflector in the radiation path. In between, the minute wheel and the second wheel are arranged coaxially behind the hour wheel, so that the tried and tested, inexpensive construction of a standard pointer mechanism can be used. The rear mirror function for the beam path deflection is performed by the small bottom wheel behind the idler gear, both of which are eccentrically mounted with respect to the pointer shaft axes, in order to be able to maintain the tried-and-tested, easy-to-assemble standard structure of a watch wheel train. In the case of two independently of each other in rapid traverse, and after the pointer position correction then time-controlled via an electronic coupling, drive motors which can be actuated act on one with its rotor pinion the idler gear to the second gear and also via the gear coupling of the small ground gear to the minute gear; while a separate motor with a reduction is provided for driving the hour display, which does not interfere with the beam path.

Wenn es sich bei den Antriebsmotoren gemäß der heute allgemein anzutreffenden Technik elektromechanischer Uhrwerke um bipolare Schrittmotoren handelt, werden diese zweckmäßigerweise zu Betriebsbeginn zunächst beide mit einem Impuls der zufällig gegebenen Polarität beaufschlagt, damit sie bei der danach folgenden Ansteuerung mit umgekehrter Polarität einheitlich reagieren, wenn dann das Strahlschranken-Blendensystem definiert verstellt werden soll, um aus einer zufällig gegebenen, noch nicht eindeutigen Reflexsituation heraus in eine eindeutige Referenzstellung einfahren zu können. Denn das Vorhandensein eines Reflexsignales kann zunächst daher rühren, daß der Strahlenweg bis zum rückwärtigen Spiegel durch alle Lochblenden hindurch freigegeben ist; es kann aber auch daher rühren, daß die eingangsseitige Verspiegelung des vordersten Rades im Strahlenweg liegt, das vorderste Rad also (bei beliebiger Stellung der dahinterliegenden Lochblenden) nicht in Referenzstellung steht. Wenn das Reflexsignal nicht von der Eingangsverspiegelung, sondern vom rückwärtigen Spiegel herrühren sollte, dann müßte es verschwinden, wenn die hinteren Blendenscheiben aus der Momentanstellung herausbewegt werden. Dafür wird deshalb vorübergehend deren Getriebe bewegt. Wenn das aber noch nicht zur Unterbrechung des Reflexsignales führt, dann kann dieses nur noch daher rühren, daß der Strahlenweg bereits an der Eingangsverspiegelung reflektiert wird. Es wird deshalb dann deren Blendenscheibe für Verstellung bis zur Unterbrechung der Eingangsverspiegelung angetrieben. So ist die Referenzstellung der Stundenblende und des daran gekoppelten Anzeigemittels (beispielsweise eines Stundenzeigers) erreichbar. Bei nun verschwundenem Reflexsignal werden daraufhin die anderen Lochblenden wieder bewegt, bis sie ihre Löcher fluchten lassen mit der Lochunterbrechung in der Eingangsverspiegelung, so daß der Strahlenweg jetzt über den rückwärtigen Spiegel durchgängig ist und das Reflexsignal an der Schranke wieder erscheint. Damit sind auch die weiteren Anzeigemittel (Minuten- und Sekundenzeiger) in die Referenzstellung eingeschwenkt, aus der heraus nun in die der absolut gegebenen Zeit entsprechende Anzeigenstellung eingefahren werden kann, wie als solches bei Funkuhren bekannt.If the drive motors in accordance with the technology commonly found today in electromechanical clockworks are bipolar stepper motors, they are expediently first both subjected to a pulse of the randomly given polarity at the start of operation, so that they react uniformly during the subsequent control with reversed polarity, if then the beam barrier diaphragm system is to be adjusted in a defined manner in order to be able to move into a clear reference position from a randomly given, not yet clear reflex situation. Because the presence of a reflex signal can initially stem from the fact that the beam path up to the rear mirror is cleared through all pinholes; however, it can also be due to the fact that the mirroring of the foremost wheel on the input side lies in the beam path, that is to say that the foremost wheel is not in the reference position (with the perforated apertures located behind it in any position). If the reflex signal should not come from the input mirroring, but from the rear mirror, then it would have to disappear when the rear diaphragm disks are moved out of the current position. For this reason, their gears are temporarily moved. If this does not yet lead to the interruption of the reflex signal, then this can only be due to the fact that the beam path is already reflected at the input mirroring. It is then their aperture disc is driven for adjustment until the input mirroring is interrupted. In this way, the reference position of the hour aperture and the display means (for example, an hour hand) coupled to it can be reached. If the reflex signal has now disappeared, the other pinhole diaphragms are then moved again until they align their holes with the hole interruption in the entrance mirroring, so that the beam path now passes through the rear mirror is continuous and the reflex signal appears again at the barrier. The other display means (minute and second hands) are thus also pivoted into the reference position, from which the display position corresponding to the absolutely given time can now be moved in, as is known as such in radio-controlled clocks.

Zusätzliche Alternativen und Weiterbildungen sowie weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Ansprüchen und, auch unter Berücksichtigung der Darlegungen in der Zusammenfassung, aus nachstehender Beschreibung eines in der Zeichnung unter Beschränkung auf das Wesentliche aber angenähert maßstabsgerecht skizzierten bevorzugten Realisierungsbeispiels zur erfindungsgemäßen Lösung. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1,
in abgebrochener Längsschnitt-Darstellung durch die Zeigerwellen-Achse und einen zweier unabhängig voneinander ansteuerbarer Motore, die Integration der erfindungsgemäßen Detektionseinrichtung in ein mit einer Zeigeranzeige ausgestattetes Funkuhrwerk,
Fig. 2
zur Erläuterung der Funktion der Detektionseinrichtung nach Fig. 1 eine abstrahierte Darstellung der getrieblichen Kopplung von Lochscheiben, dargestellt durch Räder des Werkes nach Fig. 1, und
Fig. 3
nach Art eines Ablaufdiagrammes die wechselweise Ansteuerung der beiden Motoren zum Auffinden der Anzeige-Referenzstellung nach Inbetriebnahme der Uhr.
Additional alternatives and further developments as well as further features and advantages of the invention result from the further claims and, also taking into account the explanations in the summary, from the following description of a preferred implementation example for the solution according to the invention outlined in the drawing, but limited to the essential but approximately to scale. It shows:
Fig. 1
in a broken longitudinal sectional view through the pointer shaft axis and one of two independently controllable motors, the integration of the detection device according to the invention in a radio clockwork equipped with a pointer display,
Fig. 2
1 to explain the function of the detection device according to FIG. 1, an abstract representation of the gear coupling of perforated disks, represented by wheels of the plant according to FIG. 1, and
Fig. 3
in the manner of a flow chart, the alternate activation of the two motors to find the display reference position after the clock has been started.

Das in abgebrochener Längsschnitt-Darstellung durch seine Zeigerwellen-Achse 10 skizzierte Werk 11 für eine Funkuhr 12 mit Zeiger-Zeitanzeige haltert in einer Trägerplatte 13 eine Sekundenzeigerwelle 14, die drehstarr mit einem dahinter angeordneten Sekundenrad 15 verbunden ist. Dieses wird, wie als solches aus der Technologie der schrittmotor-betriebenen Quarzuhr-Räderwerke bekannt, über ein Zwischenrad 16 kontinuierlich oder vorzugsweise diskontinuierlich von einem hier sogenannten Sekunden-Motor 17 angetrieben, von dem in der Schnittebene der Fig. 1 der vom Stator 19 umfaßte Rotor 20 liegt. Konzentrisch mit dem Sekundenrad 15 werden der Trägerplatte 13 gegenüber, zwischen dieser und einer frontseitig das Werk 11 begrenzenden Leiterplatte 21, das Minutenrad 22 mit Minutenzeigerwelle 23 und das Stundenrad 24 mit Stundenzeigerwelle 25 gehaltert. Während das Minutenrad 22 vom Sekundenrad 15 über ein exzentrisch zuhinterst im Werk 11 gelegenes Kleinbodenrad 28 angetrieben wird, verfügt das Stundenrad 24 zur Vermeidung einer Getriebeumschaltung über einen eigenen Motor 26 (Fig. 2). Aus Gründen der Drehmomentenbilanz ist ihm zweckmäßigerweise ein Untersetzungsgetriebe 27 nachgeschaltet, so daß der Stundenzeiger beispielsweise mit der Schrittfolge von 1/60 Hz (d.h. ein Schritt pro Minute) weiterbewegt wird.The movement 11, sketched in broken longitudinal section through its pointer shaft axis 10, for a radio clock 12 with a pointer time display holds a second hand shaft 14 in a carrier plate 13, the torsionally rigid is connected to a second wheel 15 arranged behind it. As is known as such from the technology of the stepper motor-operated quartz clock wheelworks, this is driven continuously or preferably discontinuously via an intermediate wheel 16 by a so-called second motor 17, of which the stator 19 comprised in the sectional plane of FIG. 1 Rotor 20 is. Concentric with the second wheel 15, the carrier plate 13 is held opposite, between the latter and a circuit board 21 delimiting the front 11, the minute wheel 22 with minute hand shaft 23 and the hour wheel 24 with hour hand shaft 25. While the minute wheel 22 is driven by the second wheel 15 via a small bottom wheel 28 located eccentrically at the back in the factory 11, the hour wheel 24 has its own motor 26 to avoid a gear change (FIG. 2). For reasons of the torque balance, a reduction gear 27 is expediently connected downstream of it, so that the hour hand is moved further, for example, with the step sequence of 1/60 Hz (ie one step per minute).

Die Leiterplatte 21 trägt insbesondere die Funkuhrenschaltung 29 zum Empfang und zur Dekodierung absoluter Zeitinformationen, eine Steuerschaltung 30 für zeithaltenden und erforderlichenfalls auch für korrigierenden Antrieb des Werkes 11 sowie eine im sichtbaren oder unsichtbaren Spektralbereich arbeitende Reflex-Schranke 31 mit Sendeteil 32 und Empfangsteil 33 für die Zeigerstellungs-Detektion, einschließlich der Verdrahtung zwischen diesen elektrischen Funktionskomponenten. Der Strahlenweg 34 durchquert mehrere Lochblenden, von denen ein Trägerloch 13' in der Trägerplatte 13 ausgebildet, also gerätefest angeordnet ist. Das rückwärtige Loch 28' hat die Funktion einer Umkehr im Strahlenweg 34 und ist deshalb in der zeichnische dargestellten Durchgangsposition der Lochblenden von einem Spiegel 35 hinterlegt, der (vgl. Fig. 2) auch dahinter gerätefest an der Werk-Rückwand 36 angeordnet sein kann. Aufgrund dieser Funktion kann der Umkehr-Spiegel 35 aber auch auf der Vorderseite der rückwärigen Scheibe 28.2' gehaltert sein (und damit die Ausbildung eines rückwärtigen Loches 28' erübrigen), wie in Fig. 1 angegeben. Die den Sende-Empfangsteilen 32/33 der Schranke 31 am nächsten gelegene, vordere Scheibe 24'' ist zumindest über eine Kreisring-Breite im Strahlenweg 34 mit einer Verspiegelung 37 ausgestattet, jedoch unterbrochen durch ein Loch 24'. Die drei im Weg 34 dahinter angeordneten beweglichen Lochblenden-Scheiben 22'', 15'' und 16'' sind lediglich mit Blendendurchgangs-Löchern 22', 15' und 16' ausgestattet.The circuit board 21 carries in particular the radio clock circuit 29 for receiving and decoding absolute time information, a control circuit 30 for time-keeping and, if necessary, also for corrective drive of the movement 11, and a reflex barrier 31 with a transmitting part 32 and a receiving part 33 for the visible or invisible spectral range Pointer position detection, including the wiring between these electrical functional components. The beam path 34 traverses a plurality of pinholes, of which a carrier hole 13 'is formed in the carrier plate 13, that is to say is arranged fixed to the device. The rear hole 28 'has the function of a reversal in the beam path 34 and is therefore deposited in the illustrated passage position of the pinhole diaphragms by a mirror 35 which (see FIG. 2) can also be arranged behind it on the back wall 36 of the factory. Due to this function, the reversing mirror 35 can also be on the front of the rear window 28.2 'to be held (and thus make the formation of a rear hole 28' unnecessary), as indicated in Fig. 1. The front pane 24 ″ closest to the transmitting / receiving parts 32/33 of the barrier 31 is provided with a mirror coating 37 at least over a circular ring width in the beam path 34, but interrupted by a hole 24 ′. The three movable perforated diaphragm disks 22 ″, 15 ″ and 16 ″ arranged in the path 34 behind them are only equipped with diaphragm through holes 22 ′, 15 ′ and 16 ′.

In einer einzigen nach jeweils zwei Umläufen des Minutenrades 22 sich wiederholenden Relativstellung, der sogenannten Referenzstellung, fluchten alle Löcher 24'-22'-15'-16'-28' (letzteres ersetzbar durch den davorliegenden Spiegel 35), um einen ununterbrochenen Stahlenweg 34 zwischen Sendeteil 32 und Empfangsteil 33 der Reflex-Schranke 31 darzustellen. Für diesen Fall liefert die Schranke 31 ein Reflexsignal 38 an die Steuerschaltung 30. Dieses erscheint allerdings auch dann, wenn die vordere, einstrahlseitig verspiegelte Scheibe 24'' irgendeine andere Stellung als in der Zeichnung dargestellt, einnimmt, weil dann unabhängig davon, ob der Strahlenweg 34 tatsächlich voll durchlässig ist, stets an der vorderen Verspiegelung 37 ein Reflex auftritt. Nur dann erscheint kein Reflexsignal 38, wenn die Unterbrechung in dieser Verspiegelung 37, also das vordere Loch 24', vor der Schranke 31 steht und dahinter wenigstens eine der weiteren Scheiben so verschoben ist, daß der Strahlenweg 34 zum rückwärtigen Spiegel 35 unterbrochen ist.In a single relative position, the so-called reference position, which repeats after two revolutions of the minute wheel 22, all holes 24'-22'-15'-16'-28 '(the latter can be replaced by the mirror 35 in front of it) are aligned by an uninterrupted steel path 34 between the transmitting part 32 and the receiving part 33 of the reflex barrier 31. In this case the barrier 31 supplies a reflex signal 38 to the control circuit 30. However, this also appears when the front pane 24 ″ mirrored on the irradiation side assumes any position other than that shown in the drawing, because then regardless of whether the beam path 34 is actually fully permeable, a reflection always occurs on the front mirror 37. Only then does no reflex signal 38 appear when the interruption in this mirroring 37, that is to say the front hole 24 ', is in front of the barrier 31 and at least one of the further panes is displaced behind it in such a way that the beam path 34 to the rear mirror 35 is interrupted.

Wenn es sich, wie bei elektrometachnischen Uhren heute allgemein üblich, bei den Motoren 17, 26 um bipolare Schrittmotore handelt, die mit Impulsen abwechselnder Impulspolarität angetrieben werden, dann müßte eigentlich ein Rotorstellungsdetektor vorgesehen sein, der bei Inbetriebnahme der Uhr 12 (beispielsweise durch Einlegen einer Batterie 39) die Treiberschaltung 40 so voreinstellt, daß der erste abzugebende Antriebspuls 41 auch jeweils die Polarität aufweist, die bei der momentanen Rotorstellung ein Drehmoment hervorruft. Der Einsatz einer solchen Detektorschaltung wäre aber zu aufwendig in Hinblick auf die Preisanforderungen an eine Konsumuhr. Dieser Aufwand wird hier nun dadurch umgangen, daß mit der Inbetriebnahme der Uhr 12 zunächst einmal über einen Einzelpulsgeber 44 ein Einschaltimpuls 42 für einen einzigen Antriebspuls 41 momentan beliebig anstehender Polarität auf die Motoren 17, 26 mit ihrer zufällig gerade gegebenen Rotorstellung ausgelöst wird. Wenn diese Polaritätszuordnung ein Drehmoment aufbaut, wird der Rotor um einen Schritt (Halbdrehung) weitergedreht, also in die Stellung, in der diese Polarität des Antriebspulses 41 kein Drehmoment aufbauen würde. Wenn dagegen bei einem Motor 17 oder 26 die Polarität dieses ersten Antriebspulses 41 noch kein Drehmoment aufbaut, steht der Rotor bereits in jener angestrebten Stellung und wird nicht gedreht, bleibt also in dieser Stellung stehen. Der nächste Impuls umgekehrter Polarität führt bei diesen Rotorstellungen dann auf jeden Fall zum Weiterschalten um einen Schritt. So ist durch den einen eingangs ausgelösten Einschaltimpuls 42 sichergestellt, daß danach dann beide Motore 17, 26 die gleiche Ausgangsstellung in bezug auf die Ansteuerpolarität haben und somit bei der späteren Ansteuerung aus den Treiberschaltungen 40 gleiches Schaltverhalten zeigen.If, as is common today in electro-mechanical clocks, the motors 17, 26 are bipolar stepper motors which are driven with pulses of alternating pulse polarity, then a rotor position detector should actually be provided, which when the clock 12 is started up (for example by inserting one Battery 39) pre-sets the driver circuit 40 so that the first drive pulse 41 to be emitted also has the polarity that is at the current rotor position produces a torque. However, the use of such a detector circuit would be too complex in terms of the price requirements for a consumer watch. This effort is now avoided by starting a clock pulse 42 for a single drive pulse 41 with currently occurring polarity on the motors 17, 26 with their randomly given rotor position. If this polarity assignment builds up a torque, the rotor is rotated further by one step (half rotation), that is to say into the position in which this polarity of the drive pulse 41 would not build up any torque. If, however, the polarity of this first drive pulse 41 does not yet build up torque in a motor 17 or 26, the rotor is already in that desired position and is not rotated, so it remains in this position. The next pulse of reversed polarity then leads to a step-by-step switching in these rotor positions. It is thus ensured by the switch-on pulse 42 triggered at the outset that both motors 17, 26 then have the same starting position with respect to the control polarity and thus show the same switching behavior during the subsequent control from the driver circuits 40.

Sollte nun der Durchgang des Strahlenweges 34 durch die Momentanstellung der Räder 15, 16, 22, 24, 28 zufällig gegeben sein, dann erscheint bereits das Reflexsignal 38, ohne daß daraus erkennbar wäre, ob es auf einem Reflex an der vorderen Verspiegelung 37 oder am rückwärtigen Spiegel 35 beruht. Das Blendensystem ist deshalb zunächst so zu verstellen, daß mangels eines durchgehenden Strahlenweges 34 kein Reflexsignal 38 auftritt. Das Reflexsignal 38 steuert deshalb den Treiber 40 für den Sekunden-Motor 17 an, mit einer gegenüber dem zuvor erwähnten Antriebspuls 41 nun umgekehrten Polarität, so daß der Motor 17 aus der gegebenen Stellung heraus einen Schritt ausführt und dadurch die Zwischenrad-Scheibe 16'' um mindestens den von ihrem Loch 16' eingenommenen Bogenweg verlagert.If the passage of the beam path 34 through the momentary position of the wheels 15, 16, 22, 24, 28 is given by chance, then the reflex signal 38 already appears without it being possible to tell whether it is due to a reflection on the front mirror 37 or on rear mirror 35 is based. The aperture system is therefore initially to be adjusted so that no reflex signal 38 occurs due to the lack of a continuous beam path 34. The reflex signal 38 therefore drives the driver 40 for the second motor 17, with a polarity which is now reversed with respect to the drive pulse 41 mentioned above, so that the motor 17 takes a step out of the given position and thereby the idler wheel disk 16 '' shifted by at least the arch path taken by its hole 16 '.

Steht zufällig gerade die Unterbrechung der Eingangs-Verspiegelung 37 mit dem Stundenscheiben-Loch 24' im Strahlenweg 34, dann wird der Stundenmotor 26 noch um die Lochweite weitergeschaltet, so daß die Eingangsverspiegelung 37 wieder ein Reflexsignal 38 hervorruft, wie in der Mitte des Signalfuß-Diagrammes gemäß Fig. 3 (unter Übernahme der Bezugsziffern aus Fig. 2) angegeben.If, by chance, there is just the interruption of the input mirroring 37 with the hourglass hole 24 'in the beam path 34, then the hour motor 26 is switched further by the hole width, so that the input mirroring 37 again produces a reflex signal 38, as in the middle of the signal base. 3 (taking over the reference numbers from FIG. 2) indicated.

Vom nun wieder erschienenen Reflexsignal 38 wird die Momentanstellung eines Stunden-Stellungsdetektors 46 abgefragt, der bevorzugt die von einer Referenzstellung aus akkumulierten Fortschaltschritte des Motors 26 zählt, um einen aufwendigeren absoluter Winkelkodierer für die Stundenscheibe 24 zu vermeiden. Über eine Abfragestufe 47 wird der Motor 26 solange angesteuert, bis ein voller Stundenzeiger-Umlauf abgezählt ist, um daraufhin mittels eines Reset-Signales 48 den Detektor 46 auf Null rückzusetzen, und das bisherige Spiel der Abfrage und Weiterschaltung wiederholt sich, wie durch die Schleife links der Mitte in Fig. 3 nach oben veranschaulicht. Nun erbringt, aufgrund der vorangegangenen Rücksetzung, die Abfrage als Stunden-Stellungsdetektors 46 zwangsläufig zunächst wieder Momentanwerte unter der Referenzstellung, die bevorzugt (wie in Fig. 3 berücksichtigt) die 12-Uhr-Stellung des Stundenzeigers auf einem zwölfstündigen Zifferblatt ist. Der Stunden-Motor 26 wird weitergeschaltet, bis das Reflexsignal 38 verschwindet, um erneut ein Stunden-Resetsignal 48' abzugeben. Sodann wird der Stundenmotor 26 noch solange weiterbetrieben, bis sein Stellungsdetektor 46 eine vorgegebene Anzahl von x Fortschaltschritten ausweist, die etwa die Mitte der Unterbrechung in der vorderen Verspiegelung 37 repräsentiert und somit sicherstellt, daß der Strahlenweg 34 stabil freigegeben ist (während eine nur tangierende Freigabe durch Getriebespiel wieder unterbrochen werden und dadurch zu Fehlfunktionen führen könnte).The instantaneous reflection of an hour position detector 46 is queried from the reflex signal 38, which preferably counts the increments of the motor 26 accumulated from a reference position, in order to avoid a more complex absolute angle encoder for the hour disc 24. Via a query stage 47, the motor 26 is activated until a full hour hand cycle is counted, in order to then reset the detector 46 to zero by means of a reset signal 48, and the previous play of the query and switching is repeated, as if through the loop 3 illustrated upward to the left of the center. Now, due to the previous reset, the query as the hour position detector 46 inevitably provides instantaneous values below the reference position, which is preferably (as taken into account in FIG. 3) the 12 o'clock position of the hour hand on a twelve-hour dial. The hour motor 26 is switched on until the reflex signal 38 disappears in order to emit an hour reset signal 48 'again. Then the hour motor 26 continues to be operated until its position detector 46 identifies a predetermined number of x indexing steps, which represents approximately the center of the interruption in the front mirror 37 and thus ensures that the beam path 34 is stable released (while only a tangential release can be interrupted by gear play and could lead to malfunctions).

Nachdem nun so die Stundenscheibe 24' (im Falle einer Zeigeruhr das Stundenrad 24 mit dem drehfest damit verbundenen Stundenzeiger) mittig in die Referenzstellung bewegt wurde, wird fortan der Sekundenmotor 17 solange betrieben, bis die Schranke 31 wieder durchgehenden Strahlenweg 34 aufweist und der Sekunden-Stellungsdetektor 45 in die Nullstellung zurückgesetzt wird. Nun stehen alle Zeiger in ihrer Referenzstellung, und fortan wird die Zeigerbewegung mitgezählt, um sie zunächst im Eilgang in eine durch die in der Funkuhr 12 empfangene und dekodierte absolute Zeitinformation eindrehen und danach aus dieser zeithaltend weiterbewegen zu können.Now that the hour disc 24 '(in the case of a hand watch, the hour wheel 24 with the hour hand connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner) has been moved centrally into the reference position, the second motor 17 will continue to be operated until the barrier 31 has a continuous beam path 34 again and the second Position detector 45 is reset to the zero position. Now all the pointers are in their reference position, and from now on the pointer movement is counted in order to be able to turn it into rapid time into an absolute time information received and decoded in the radio clock 12 and then to be able to move it out of it in a time-keeping manner.

In Fig. 2 und in Fig. 3 ist gestrichelt die Wirkung einer manuell auslösbaren Stoppschaltung 49 vorgesehen, die im wesentlichen eine Überbrückung der Abfrage des Stunden-Stellungsdetektors 46 zur Folge hat. Dadurch wird bewirkt, daß das Stundenrad 24 bei erstmaligem Erreichen der Referenzstellung stehenbleibt, wenn der Strahlenweg 34 hinter dem eingangsseitigen Verspiegelungs-Loch 24' versperrt ist. Daraufhin führt die Abfrage der Schranke 31 noch zum Weiterdrehen dieser rückwärtigen Blendenscheiben bis zu koaxialen Stellung ihrer Öffnungen, so daß der Strahlenweg 34 zum rückwärtigen Spiegel 35 freigegeben ist. Im Falle einer Blendenausbildung durch die Räder eines Zeigerwerks stehen diese nun alle in der Referenzstellung, so daß die Sekunden-, Minuten- und Stundenzeiger in ihrer 12-Uhr-Stellung gesetzt werden können, ohne daß für diesen abschließenden Montagevorgang in der Uhrenfertigung das zuvor beschriebene vollständige Spiel der auch relativ zueinander richtig stehenden Räder beider Antriebsmotoren 17, 26 abgewartet werden muß. Diese Wartezeit bis zum Eindrehen in die Zeigersetz-Stellung kann sogar noch halbiert werden, wenn die rückwärtige Scheibe 28'' außer dem bisher berücksichtigten rückwärtigen Strahlenweg-Spiegel 35 einen weiteren (bzw. ein weiteres Loch) um 180° versetzt, also auf dem Kleinbodenrad 28 diametral gegenüber, aufweist. Denn dann ist bei in der Referenzstellung stillgesetztem Stundenrad 24 der Strahlenweg 34 nicht spätestens nach zwei vollständigen Umläufen des Minutenrades freigegeben, sondern schon jeweils nach einem Umlauf. Nach dem Zeigersetzen wird diese Überbrückungsfunktion der Stoppschaltung 49 wieder aufgehoben, und die Blendenlochscheiben bewegen sich in die relativ zueinander durch die Uhrwerkskinematik vorgegebene Referenzstellung, wie oben erläutert.The effect of a manually triggerable stop circuit 49 is provided in dashed lines in FIG. 2 and in FIG. 3, which essentially results in bridging the query of the hourly position detector 46. This has the effect that the hour wheel 24 stops when the reference position is reached for the first time, if the beam path 34 is blocked behind the mirroring hole 24 'on the input side. Thereupon, the query of the barrier 31 leads to the further rotation of these rear diaphragm disks up to the coaxial position of their openings, so that the beam path 34 to the rear mirror 35 is released. In the event of an aperture formation by the wheels of a pointer mechanism, these are now all in the reference position, so that the second, minute and hour hands can be set in their 12 o'clock position without the above-described assembly process in watch manufacture complete play of the wheels of both drive motors 17, 26 which are also correctly positioned relative to one another must be waited for. This waiting time before turning into the pointer setting position can even be halved if the rear disk 28 ″, in addition to the rear beam path mirror 35 previously taken into account, displaces another (or another hole) by 180 °, i.e. on the small ground wheel 28 diametrically opposite. Because then, with the hour wheel 24 stopped in the reference position, the beam path 34 is not released at the latest after two complete rotations of the minute wheel, but after each round. After the pointer has been set, this bridging function of the stop circuit 49 is canceled again, and the diaphragm perforated disks move into the reference position predetermined by the clockwork kinematics, as explained above.

Claims (8)

  1. Mechanism (11) with device for the detection and correction of an indicated position, in particular the position of the hands of a radio timepiece (12), with a reflex radiation barrier (31) in the ray path (34) of apertured discs - rotary coupled with the indicating components - of which one disc (24) has on the irradiation side a metal coating (37) interrupted by an aperture (24') and another disc (28) with an aperture (28') is associated with a rear mirror (35),
    characterized in that
    the apertured metal coating (37) on the irradiation side is formed on an hour disc (24'') located at the beginning of the ray path (34), this hour disc (24'') being movable independently of minute (22''), seconds (15'') and intermediate (16'') apertured discs and of a third wheel apertured disc (28''), which are coupled with one another by gears, whereby between the hour apertured disc (24'') and the third wheel apertured disc (28'') the minute, seconds and intermediate apertured discs (22''), (15''), (16'') are arranged with or in front of the rear deviation mirror (35) of the ray path (34).
  2. Mechanism according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the hour, minute and seconds discs (24'', 22'', 15'') are concentrically arranged one behind the other as wheels and then the intermediate wheel (15) inserted between a motor (17) and the seconds wheel (15) as well as the third wheel (28) inserted between the seconds wheel (15) and the minute wheel (22) are arranged eccentrically in relation to the axis (10) of the motion-work.
  3. Mechanism according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    two rear apertures (28') displaced in relation to one another by one half movement period are provided in the mirror (35) on the third wheel (28).
  4. Mechanism according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a single pulse generator (44) is provided which is effective at the start of operation for respectively releasing a driving pulse (41) of the incidentally prevailing polarity for motors (17, 26) in the structural form of bipolar stepping motors.
  5. Mechanism according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    with the appearance of a reflex signal (38) at the output of the barrier (31) on initial operation, first of all a motor (17) acting on the minute wheel (22) is activated and then, with the disappearance of the reflex signal (38), another motor (26) is activated for movement of the hour wheel (24) until a reflex occurs at the input metal coating (37) so as to reset at zero an hour position detector (46) and to leave the hour wheel (24) in the reference position then reached when the reflex signal (38) disappears again.
  6. Mechanism according to Claim 5,
    characterized in that
    after reaching the hour diaphragm aperture (24') in the input metal coating (37) and zero-setting of the hour position detector (46), the motor (17) for the gear-coupled additional diaphragms is operated until a reflex signal (38) again appears, which then sets at zero the position detector (45) associated with the other motor (17) in the reference position now reached.
  7. Mechanism according to Claim 5 or 6,
    characterized in that
    the motor (26) drives the hour wheel (24) by way of a reduction gear (27) and is only switched off in the reference position when for instance the central area of the hour aperture (24') lies in the ray path (34).
  8. Mechanism according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the motor (26) for the movement of the hour disc aperture (24') is only switched off when the reference position is reached after passing through a complete movement cycle.
EP92113613A 1991-08-29 1992-08-10 Means for detecting gear position and means for correction Expired - Lifetime EP0529390B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4128752A DE4128752C2 (en) 1991-08-29 1991-08-29 Position detection and correction device
DE4128752 1991-08-29

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EP0529390A2 EP0529390A2 (en) 1993-03-03
EP0529390A3 EP0529390A3 (en) 1995-02-22
EP0529390B1 true EP0529390B1 (en) 1997-01-08

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US (1) US5231612A (en)
EP (1) EP0529390B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2941576B2 (en)
DE (2) DE4128752C2 (en)
HK (1) HK69097A (en)

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TW201925824A (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-07-01 原相科技股份有限公司 Optical structure for locating a rotatory object

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EP0529390A3 (en) 1995-02-22
DE59207832D1 (en) 1997-02-20
DE4128752A1 (en) 1993-03-04
JPH05209970A (en) 1993-08-20
JP2941576B2 (en) 1999-08-25
US5231612A (en) 1993-07-27
HK69097A (en) 1997-05-30
DE4128752C2 (en) 1997-12-04
EP0529390A2 (en) 1993-03-03

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