EP0523062A1 - Sheathed-element glow plug for internal combustion engines. - Google Patents
Sheathed-element glow plug for internal combustion engines.Info
- Publication number
- EP0523062A1 EP0523062A1 EP91904691A EP91904691A EP0523062A1 EP 0523062 A1 EP0523062 A1 EP 0523062A1 EP 91904691 A EP91904691 A EP 91904691A EP 91904691 A EP91904691 A EP 91904691A EP 0523062 A1 EP0523062 A1 EP 0523062A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- resistance
- glow plug
- combustion chamber
- cobalt
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a glow plug for arrangement in the combustion chamber of air-compressing internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a glow plug which in principle has the same structure and the same function as the glow plug according to the above-mentioned DE-PS 28 02 625, but for the control element a cobalt-iron alloy or a nickel Iron alloy used, the iron content of which is 20 to 35 percent by weight.
- These two alloys mentioned above have a body-centered cubic structure at room temperature, whereas when heated in the range between room temperature and 1000 ° C they change into a face-centered cubic structure. It has been shown that these latter glow plugs have only a relatively short service life due to the disruption of the control element material, lead to undesirable malfunctions and, moreover, cause costs for eliminating the malfunction.
- control element of the resistance element consists of a cobalt-iron alloy, the iron content of which is 12 to 14 percent by weight.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the region of a glow plug on the combustion chamber side in an enlarged view according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a cobalt-iron diagram which shows the
- the glow plug 10 shown in Figure 1 is provided for arrangement in a combustion chamber, not shown, of air-compressing internal combustion engines.
- This glow plug 10 has a tubular metal housing 11, in the longitudinal bore 12 of which a glow plug 13 is fixed with a part of its length.
- This glow plug 13 has a corrosion-resistant, thin-walled glow tube 14 which is closed at its end on the combustion chamber side with a base 15.
- an electrical resistance element 17 extends, which extends in the axial direction, is embedded in insulating material 18 (e.g.
- the resistance coil 20 on the combustion chamber side serves as a heating element and the resistance coil 21 remote from the combustion chamber acts, as is known, as a regulating element due to its high positive temperature resistance coefficient; While the resistance coil 20 serving as a heating element consists in a known manner of a wire material with an essentially temperature-independent resistance behavior (e.g. of a chromium-aluminum-iron alloy), the resistance coil 21 acting as a control element is selected from a cobalt-iron alloy . According to the invention, this resistance coil 21 serving as a control element is composed of such a coil
- this resistance coil 21 With less than 6 percent by weight of iron in the cobalt-iron alloy, this resistance coil 21 would initially have a hexagonal material structure ( ⁇ ) at room temperature, which - depending on the iron content - only has a face-centered cubic material structure ( ⁇ ) would take. With more than 18 percent by weight of iron in a cobalt-iron alloy, this material would have a body-centered cubic structure ( ⁇ ), namely up to at least 400 ° C, but mostly in the range between 800 and 900 ° C before it was converted into a face-centered cubic structure ( ⁇ ).
- the preferred range for a cobalt-iron alloy which is suitable for a resistance coil 21 serving as a control element, contains 12 to 14 percent by weight of iron. In the diagram for cobalt-iron alloys shown in FIG.
- the functional lines 22 and 23 shown in this diagram separate the areas of different material structures from one another.
- the function line 21 separates the area between the hexagonal material structure ( ⁇ ) from the area of the cubic face-centered material structure ( ⁇ ), while the function line 23 separates the areas of the cubic body-centered material structure ( ⁇ ) from the area of the cubic face-centered material structure ( ⁇ ).
- the preferred cobalt-iron alloy for this purpose which contains 12 to 14 percent by weight iron, is identified in the diagram in FIG. 2 as a hatched area 24.
- the desired behavior of the resistance element 17 with respect to temperature and time can be adapted to the desired course even more precisely by means of other known measures.
- measures include B. the arrangement of an annular gap 25 between the metal housing 11 and part of the length of the glow plug 13 (see Figure 1); Such an annular gap 25 is mostly used when the free length of the glow plug 13 protruding from the combustion chamber side of the metal housing 11 is to be as short as possible and therefore part of the resistance coil 21 serving as a control element projects into the area of the glow plug 13 surrounded by the metal housing 11.
- the axial length of the resistance filament 21 can usually be made relatively short, so that the control filament (and of course the heating filament on the combustion chamber side) are completely outside the area of the glow plug 13 surrounded by the metal housing 11 can be accommodated; this latter embodiment of a glow plug is to be regarded as the preferred embodiment.
- the following can also be used as further measures for adapting the temperature / time profile of the glow plug 10: adjusting the wire diameter of the resistance filaments 20 and 21, changing the slopes of the resistance filaments 20 and 21, varying the distance between the resistance filament 20 and the resistance filament 21, using Insulating materials 18 of different thermal conductivity (in particular in the area between the two resistance coils 20 and 21), arrangement of electrically conductive, heat but poorly conductive intermediate pieces (not shown) between the resistance coil 20 and the resistance coil 21, etc.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) conçue pour être montée dans la chambre de combustion de moteurs à combustion interne du type à compression d'air. Comme dans l'état antérieur de la technique, la bougie-crayon de préchauffage comprend une résistance (17) dans sa gaine (13), la résistance (17) étant constituée de deux enroulements (20, 21) montés en série. Tandis que l'enroulement (20) se trouvant le plus près de la chambre de combustion constitue un enroulement chauffant gardant une résistance essentiellement constante à toutes les températures de fonctionnement, l'enroulement de résistance (21), qui est formé de spires de fil, qui est le plus éloigné de la chambre de combustion, et agit comme élément régulateur, possède un haut coefficient température-résistance. Selon l'invention, cet enroulement de résistance (21) fonctionnant comme élément régulateur est constitué d'un alliage, cobalt/fer dont la structure n'est pas détruite quand il est soumis aux températures que l'on a dans un moteur à combustion interne. Cet alliage est choisi de façon qu'il conserve une structure cubique à faces centrées dans toutes les conditions de fonctionnement de la bougie-crayon (10); la teneur en fer de cet alliage cobalt/fer étant de 6 à 18 % en poids, de préférence de 12 à 14 % en poids. La résistance (17) constituée d'enroulement de fil est, selon l'état antérieur de la technique, noyée dans une matière (18) isolant électriquement mais conduisant bien la chaleur.Glow plug (10) designed for installation in the combustion chamber of internal combustion engines of the air compression type. As in the prior state of the art, the glow plug-pencil comprises a resistor (17) in its sheath (13), the resistor (17) consisting of two windings (20, 21) connected in series. While the coil (20) closest to the combustion chamber constitutes a heating coil keeping resistance substantially constant at all operating temperatures, the resistance coil (21), which is formed of turns of wire , which is furthest from the combustion chamber, and acts as a regulating element, has a high temperature-resistance coefficient. According to the invention, this resistance winding (21) functioning as a regulating element consists of an alloy, cobalt / iron, the structure of which is not destroyed when it is subjected to the temperatures which one has in a combustion engine. internal. This alloy is chosen so that it retains a face-centered cubic structure under all the operating conditions of the spark plug (10); the iron content of this cobalt / iron alloy being 6 to 18% by weight, preferably 12 to 14% by weight. The resistance (17) consisting of a winding of wire is, according to the prior art, embedded in a material (18) which is electrically insulating but which conducts heat well.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4010479A DE4010479A1 (en) | 1990-03-31 | 1990-03-31 | GLOW PLUG FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
DE4010479 | 1990-03-31 | ||
PCT/DE1991/000181 WO1991015717A1 (en) | 1990-03-31 | 1991-03-01 | Sheathed-element glow plug for internal combustion engines |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0523062A1 true EP0523062A1 (en) | 1993-01-20 |
EP0523062B1 EP0523062B1 (en) | 1994-09-28 |
Family
ID=6403531
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91904691A Expired - Lifetime EP0523062B1 (en) | 1990-03-31 | 1991-03-01 | Sheathed-element glow plug for internal combustion engines |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5319180A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0523062B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2936147B2 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4010479A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1991015717A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1213540A2 (en) | 2000-12-05 | 2002-06-12 | Vacuumschmelze GmbH & Co. KG | Sheated element glow plug for internal combustion engines |
WO2004040193A1 (en) | 2002-10-19 | 2004-05-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Control coil material for a glowplug |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2806195B2 (en) * | 1993-01-14 | 1998-09-30 | 株式会社デンソー | Glow plug |
DE4301252A1 (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1994-07-21 | Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A | Pole flame glow plug |
DE29506974U1 (en) * | 1995-04-26 | 1995-07-06 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh, 63450 Hanau | Material for the control coil of a glow plug |
JP3802599B2 (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 2006-07-26 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Electrically heated sheathed heater and self-temperature control type glow plug |
DE19603059C2 (en) * | 1996-01-29 | 1999-07-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Glow plug |
DE19604551C2 (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 1999-08-19 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Glow plug |
DE19630402C2 (en) * | 1996-07-26 | 2000-12-28 | Beru Ag | Pole flame glow plug |
US5676100A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1997-10-14 | Caterpillar Inc. | Glow plug assembly |
DE10014526B4 (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2006-07-27 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd., Nagoya | Self-regulating quick heating rod glow plug |
JP2002098333A (en) | 2000-09-26 | 2002-04-05 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Glow plug |
EP2378111A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2011-10-19 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Glow plug |
DE10310255A1 (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2004-09-16 | E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH | Electric heating with a contact hot plate |
DE10314218A1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-14 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electric heating element |
US6878903B2 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2005-04-12 | Fleming Circle Associates, Llc | Glow plug |
DE102004025854B4 (en) * | 2004-05-24 | 2006-09-21 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Glow plug for internal combustion engines |
JP2006300046A (en) * | 2004-08-05 | 2006-11-02 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Glow plug with combustion pressure detecting function |
DE102008043228A1 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-04-29 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Internal combustion setting device |
DE102013101703A1 (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2014-08-21 | Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh | Evaporator |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1082949A (en) * | 1976-06-03 | 1980-08-05 | William F. Schilling | High-temperature austenitic alloys and articles utilizing the same |
DE2802625C3 (en) * | 1978-01-21 | 1985-07-18 | BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg | Glow plug |
US4423309A (en) * | 1982-06-28 | 1983-12-27 | General Motors Corporation | Quick heat self regulating electric glow heater |
US4477717A (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1984-10-16 | Wellman Thermal Systems Corporation | Fast start glow plug |
GB2216952B (en) * | 1988-03-16 | 1991-10-02 | Wellman Automotive Products Li | Glow plugs |
DE3825012A1 (en) * | 1988-07-22 | 1990-01-25 | Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A | MATERIAL FOR AN ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE ELEMENT WITH POSITIVE TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT |
-
1990
- 1990-03-31 DE DE4010479A patent/DE4010479A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-03-01 US US07/862,589 patent/US5319180A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-01 DE DE59103126T patent/DE59103126D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-01 EP EP91904691A patent/EP0523062B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-01 WO PCT/DE1991/000181 patent/WO1991015717A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-03-01 JP JP3504187A patent/JP2936147B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9115717A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1213540A2 (en) | 2000-12-05 | 2002-06-12 | Vacuumschmelze GmbH & Co. KG | Sheated element glow plug for internal combustion engines |
WO2004040193A1 (en) | 2002-10-19 | 2004-05-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Control coil material for a glowplug |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1991015717A1 (en) | 1991-10-17 |
DE4010479A1 (en) | 1991-10-02 |
US5319180A (en) | 1994-06-07 |
JP2936147B2 (en) | 1999-08-23 |
DE59103126D1 (en) | 1994-11-03 |
JPH05505669A (en) | 1993-08-19 |
EP0523062B1 (en) | 1994-09-28 |
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