EP0521523A1 - Process for running a cupola - Google Patents
Process for running a cupola Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0521523A1 EP0521523A1 EP92111337A EP92111337A EP0521523A1 EP 0521523 A1 EP0521523 A1 EP 0521523A1 EP 92111337 A EP92111337 A EP 92111337A EP 92111337 A EP92111337 A EP 92111337A EP 0521523 A1 EP0521523 A1 EP 0521523A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- zone
- cupola
- furnace
- wind
- gas
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/16—Arrangements of tuyeres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/02—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in low shaft furnaces or shaft furnaces
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a cupola furnace for the production of cast iron, in which the furnace shaft of the cupola furnace is filled with a corresponding insert or is constantly topped up and cast iron melt is removed from the bottom, with wind, e.g. Air, and optionally additional oxygen, and the top gas is discharged in the upper shaft area, and the furnace shaft can be divided into a charging zone, a preheating zone, a melting zone, a wind zone and an oven zone during operation.
- wind e.g. Air
- a cupola furnace is loaded with an insert of 500 kg, which is composed of 440 kg of pig iron and scrap, 47 kg of coke and 13 kg of additives, e.g. limestone.
- This insert gradually sinks in the shaft of the cupola furnace and heats up in the preheating zone due to the gases flowing in countercurrent, which initially causes the thermal dissociation of the aggregates, i.e. that of the limestone according to the equation, at approx CaCO3 ---> CaO + CO2 he follows. Melting of the iron insert then begins in the melting zone adjoining the preheating zone. The temperatures there are of the order of approx. 1400 ° C and the coke in use is already incandescent in this zone.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a possibility (s) of being able to influence the CO content in cupola furnaces, regardless of The level of the coke in the furnace and the proportion of coke in the oven vary and can be set to a certain desired value.
- This object is achieved according to the invention in that in order to set a desired CO content in the cupola furnace, in particular in the melting zone, a coal gas (CO2 or CO) in a suitable amount at a suitable point, preferably in the region of the wind or melting zone, in the Cupola is introduced.
- a coal gas CO2 or CO
- the CO level is increased precisely in the zone in which CO is formed anyway by reduction.
- the CO level in the melting zone in the cupola furnace can be effectively increased with just a few cubic meters per hour, in particular to largely compensate for the phases of low CO formation, for example when the filling coke level is low.
- carbon monoxide is an expensive supply gas and the process will therefore not be used in this form.
- Another advantageous variant of the method according to the invention is that the coal gas is introduced in the wind zone in a quantity-controlled manner, so that an approximately constant CO level is achieved in the cupola furnace.
- the regulation of an approximately constant level of CO can be achieved by increasing the addition of carbon gas as the filling coke height decreases.
- the addition of carbon gas is carried out on a scale that allows a reduction in the amount of coke.
- These are gas supply quantities in the order of 30 to 500 m3 per hour, depending on the size of the coke reduction and the size of the furnace. In this way, savings on batch coke in the order of 1 to 3% are possible with the further advantage that melting capacity increases are achieved, because according to the Jungblut network diagram, less batch coke means a higher melting capacity.
- CO2 in most variants of the invention is advantageous for price and technical reasons, but it can also be beneficial to supply CO and CO2 simultaneously. Since CO2 introduced in the wind zone of a cupola furnace acts as a cooling gas, a simultaneous addition of CO to the CO2 supply can be advantageous if the cooling effect is too strong (CO burns in the wind zone, thus provides energy and at the same time increases the CO2 amount, which in turn is available for reduction).
- the carbon gases are provided in storage containers for the applications according to the invention reliably, with a constant composition and with optimal meterability.
- a sometimes beneficial option is there in that the coal gases, especially CO2, are obtained from burner exhaust gases, in particular the exhaust gases from the cupola recuperator burner, and thus provide at least part of the required amount of gas.
- the figure shows a cupola furnace on which an embodiment of the invention is shown.
- a cupola shaft 11 with a loading opening 12, a top stage 13, a wind ring 14 with wind nozzles 15a and 15b, a bottom flap 16 as well as an iron tapping 17 and a slag tapping 18 is shown.
- the numerical zone 5 Within the furnace, the numerical zone 5, the preheating zone 4, the melting zone 3, the wind zone 2 and finally the hearth zone 1 are indicated by the numbers 1 to 5 and the associated dashed lines.
- Lances 20a, b are arranged in the wind nozzles 15a and 15b for the furnace wind and are connected to an oxygen supply and a carbon dioxide supply outside the furnace.
- a cupola furnace operation is now carried out, in which an application as described in the introduction is used. Only the amount of coke is significantly reduced and is significantly lower at around 37 kg (around 7% of the operating weight). 200 m3 of carbon dioxide per hour are now fed to the cupola furnace on lances 20a and 20b. With around 10 sets of insert that pass through the furnace per hour, this corresponds to a gas volume of 20 m3 per insert. The main part of the coke produced in the oven CO2 is thus replaced by the direct supply of CO2 gas.
- the gas supply can be carried out constantly with little equipment - installation of a valve and a flow meter in the CO2 supply.
- a gas supply synchronized with the addition of the inserts is also comparatively simple, whereby starting from a lowest supply value shortly after the furnace has been loaded with a new insert, the gas quantity is increased linearly up to a maximum value for the next loading, although the total the same amount of gas is maintained as with constant supply.
- oxygen can also be supplied via the lances 20a and b, the amount of wind in correlation can thus be suitably reduced and thus higher furnace temperatures can be maintained in spite of the reduction in coke and CO2 addition.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kupolofens zur Erzeugung von Gußeisen, bei dem der Ofenschacht des Kupolofens mit einem entsprechenden Einsatz gefüllt ist bzw. ständig nachgefüllt wird und bodenseitig Gußeisenschmelze entnommen wird, wobei dem Ofenschacht im unteren Bereich Wind, z.B. Luft, und gegebenenfalls zusätzlich Sauerstoff zugeführt und im oberen Schachtbereich das Gichtgas abgeführt wird und wobei der Ofenschacht im Betrieb von oben nach unten in eine Beschickungszone, eine Vorwärmzone, eine Schmelzzone, eine Windzone sowie eine Herdzone einteilbar ist.The invention relates to a method for operating a cupola furnace for the production of cast iron, in which the furnace shaft of the cupola furnace is filled with a corresponding insert or is constantly topped up and cast iron melt is removed from the bottom, with wind, e.g. Air, and optionally additional oxygen, and the top gas is discharged in the upper shaft area, and the furnace shaft can be divided into a charging zone, a preheating zone, a melting zone, a wind zone and an oven zone during operation.
Im Standardbetrieb wird ein Kupolofen beispielsweise mit einem Einsatz von 500 kg beschickt, der sich aus 440 kg Roheisen und Schrott, 47 kg Koks und 13 kg Zuschlagstoffen, z.B. Kalksteinen, zusammensetzt. Dieser Einsatz sinkt nach und nach im Schacht des Kupolofens ab, erwärmt sich dabei in der Vorwärmzone durch die im Gegenstrom zum Einsatz fließenden Gase, wodurch bei ca. 900 bis 1000°C zunächst die thermische Dissoziation der Zuschlagstoffe, also die des Kalksteins gemäß der Gleichung
CaCO₃ ---> CaO + CO₂
erfolgt. In der sich an die Vorwärmzone anschließenden Schmelzzone beginnt dann das Schmelzen des Eiseneinsatzes. Die Temperaturen dort sind in der Größenordnung von ca. 1400°C und der im Einsatz befindliche Koks ist in dieser Ofenzone bereits weißglühend. Dessen Verbrennung erfolgt jedoch erst in der noch tiefer liegenden Windzone des Kupolofens, da erst dort der zur Verbrennung notwendige Sauerstoff vorhanden ist. Aus der Verbrennung des Kokses gemäß der Gleichung
C + O₂ ---> CO₂
geht Kohlendioxid hervor, das mit dem von der Windzufuhr herrührenden Gasstrom im Ofen weitertransportiert wird. Dieses CO₂ durchläuft beim Aufsteigen im Kupolofen die höher liegende Schmelzzone und wird in dieser von dem glühenden, dort noch nicht verbrannten Koks gemäß Boudouard Reaktion reduziert, wodurch Kohlenmonoxid (CO) entsteht:
CO₂ + C <---> CO.
Dieses Kohlenmonoxid wiederum ist für die Funktion und Produktqualität des Kupolofens wichtig, da es dem Abbrand des Einsatzeisens, also der FeO-Bildung, entgegenwirkt und auch eine vorteilhafte Wirkung bezüglich der Schlackebasizität besitzt.In standard operation, for example, a cupola furnace is loaded with an insert of 500 kg, which is composed of 440 kg of pig iron and scrap, 47 kg of coke and 13 kg of additives, e.g. limestone. This insert gradually sinks in the shaft of the cupola furnace and heats up in the preheating zone due to the gases flowing in countercurrent, which initially causes the thermal dissociation of the aggregates, i.e. that of the limestone according to the equation, at approx
CaCO₃ ---> CaO + CO₂
he follows. Melting of the iron insert then begins in the melting zone adjoining the preheating zone. The temperatures there are of the order of approx. 1400 ° C and the coke in use is already incandescent in this zone. However, its combustion only takes place in the wind zone of the cupola furnace, which is even lower, since the oxygen necessary for combustion is only available there. From the combustion of the coke according to the equation
C + O₂ ---> CO₂
carbon dioxide is produced, which is transported further in the furnace with the gas stream resulting from the wind supply. This CO₂ passes through the higher melting zone when it rises in the cupola furnace and is reduced in it by the red-hot, not yet burned coke according to the Boudouard reaction, whereby carbon monoxide (CO) is formed:
CO₂ + C <---> CO.
This carbon monoxide in turn is important for the function and product quality of the cupola furnace, since it counteracts the burn-off of the insert iron, i.e. the formation of FeO, and also has an advantageous effect with regard to the slag basicity.
Hierbei ist zu berücksichtigen, daß die CO-Bildung in der Schmelzzone stark vom Füllstand des Füllkokses in der Kupolofensäule abhängt und diese im Gleichgewicht mit dem Satzkoksanteil steht. D.h. niedriger Füllkoksstand und ggfs. niedriger Satzkoksanteil bedingen einen sehr niedrigen CO-Gehalt im oberen Kupolofenbereich. In der Folge sind auch die oben ausgeführten, vorteilhaften Effekte nicht mehr gewährleistet. Dies gilt heute umso mehr, als durch die ökonomisch immer weiter verbesserten Kupolofenanlagen ohnehin vergleichsweise niedrige Satzkoksanteile möglich sind.It must be taken into account here that the CO formation in the melting zone is strongly dependent on the filling level of the filling coke in the cupola furnace column and that this is in equilibrium with the batch coke portion. I.e. low filling coke level and possibly low batch coke content result in a very low CO content in the upper cupola area. As a result, the advantageous effects set out above are no longer guaranteed. This is all the more true today, since the economically continuously improved cupola furnace systems make comparatively low coke levels possible.
Die Aufgabenstellung vorliegender Erfindung besteht daher darin, eine Möglichkeit(en) anzugeben, den CO-Gehalt in Kupolöfen beeinflussen zu können, diesen unabhängig vom Füllstand des Kokses im Ofen und vom Anteil des Satzkokses variieren und auf einen bestimmten gewünschten Wert einstellen zu können.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a possibility (s) of being able to influence the CO content in cupola furnaces, regardless of The level of the coke in the furnace and the proportion of coke in the oven vary and can be set to a certain desired value.
Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß zur Einstellung eines gewünschten CO-Gehalts im Kupolofen, insbesondere in der Schmelzzone, ein Kohlengas (CO₂ oder CO) in geeigneter Menge an geeigneter Stelle, vorzugsweise im Bereich von Wind- oder Schmelzzone, in den Kupolofen eingebracht wird.This object is achieved according to the invention in that in order to set a desired CO content in the cupola furnace, in particular in the melting zone, a coal gas (CO₂ or CO) in a suitable amount at a suitable point, preferably in the region of the wind or melting zone, in the Cupola is introduced.
Beispielsweise durch die Zufuhr von Kohlenmonoxid in die Schmelzzone 3 des Kupolofens wird erreicht, daß gerade in der Zone, in der ohnehin CO durch Reduktion gebildet wird, das CO-Niveau erhöht wird. Auf diese Weise läßt sich mit bereits wenigen Kubikmetern pro Stunde das CO-Niveau in der Schmelzzone im Kupolofen effektiv erhöhen, um insbesondere die Phasen niedriger CO-Bildung,beispielsweise bei niedrigem Füllkoksstand, in weitreichendem Ausmaß auszugleichen. Kohlenmonoxid stellt prinzipiell allerdings ein teures Liefergas dar und das Verfahren wird demzufolge in dieser Form nicht bevorzugt zur Anwendung kommen.For example, by supplying carbon monoxide to the
Im wesentlichen die gleichen Effekte werden mit einer Kohlendioxidzugabe in der Windzone des Kupolofens erreicht, denn durch die CO₂-Zugabe wird dem durch die Verbrennung des Kokses entstehenden CO₂-Gas ein weiterer Anteil CO₂ hinzugefügt und aus dem so vergrößerten CO₂-Angebot in der Schmelzzone, in der ja eine CO₂-Reduktion gemäß der Boudouard Reaktion erfolgt, eine größere Menge Kohlenmonoxid erzeugt. In der Folge steigt wiederum das CO-Niveau mit den positiven Wirkungen wie Abbrandvermeidung und vorteilhafter Schlackenbildung. Beispielsweise die konstante Zufuhr von CO₂-Gas, aber auch die von CO, in die Windzone des Kupolofens ist deshalb eine günstige Variante des erfindunsgemäßen Verfahrens.Essentially the same effects are achieved with an addition of carbon dioxide in the wind zone of the cupola furnace, because the addition of CO₂ adds a further portion of CO₂ to the CO₂ gas resulting from the combustion of the coke and from the increased CO₂ supply in the melting zone, in which a CO₂ reduction takes place according to the Boudouard reaction, produces a larger amount of carbon monoxide. As a result, the CO level in turn increases with the positive effects such as prevention of burn-up and advantageous slag formation. For example, the constant supply of CO₂ gas, but also that of CO, in the wind zone of the cupola furnace is therefore an inexpensive variant of the process according to the invention.
Eine andere vorteilhafte Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, daß das Kohlengas in der Windzone in mengengeregelter Weise eingebracht wird, so daß ein etwa gleichbleibendes CO-Niveau im Kupolofen erzielt wird. Die Einregelung eines etwa gleichbleibenden Niveaus an CO kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß mit abnehmender Füllkokshöhe die Kohlengaszugabe entsprechend erhöht wird.Another advantageous variant of the method according to the invention is that the coal gas is introduced in the wind zone in a quantity-controlled manner, so that an approximately constant CO level is achieved in the cupola furnace. The regulation of an approximately constant level of CO can be achieved by increasing the addition of carbon gas as the filling coke height decreases.
In einer weiteren und weitergehenden Erfindungsvariante wird eine Kohlengas-Zugabe in einer Größenordnung durchgeführt wird, die eine Absenkung der Satzkoksmenge zuläßt. Dabei handelt es sich um Gaszufuhrmengen in der Größenordnung von 30 bis 500 m³ pro Stunde, abhängig von der Größe der Satzkoksreduzierung und der Ofengröße. Auf diese Weise werden Einsparungen an Satzkoks in einer Größenordnung von 1 bis 3 % mit dem weiteren Vorteil möglich, daß Schmelzleistungserhöhungen erzielt werden, denn nach dem Netzdiagramm von Jungblut bedeutet weniger Satzkoks eine höhere Schmelzleistung.In a further and further variant of the invention, the addition of carbon gas is carried out on a scale that allows a reduction in the amount of coke. These are gas supply quantities in the order of 30 to 500 m³ per hour, depending on the size of the coke reduction and the size of the furnace. In this way, savings on batch coke in the order of 1 to 3% are possible with the further advantage that melting capacity increases are achieved, because according to the Jungblut network diagram, less batch coke means a higher melting capacity.
Im allgemeinen ist die Anwendung von CO₂ in den meisten Varianten der Erfindung aus preislichen und technischen Gründen vorteilhaft, es kann jedoch auch die gleichzeitige Zufuhr von CO und CO₂ günstig sein. Da in der Windzone eines Kupolofens eingebrachtes CO₂ als Kühlgas wirkt, kann, bei zu starker Kühlwirkung, eine gleichzeitige CO-Zugabe zur CO₂-Zufuhr vorteilhaft sein (CO verbrennt in der Windzone, liefert also Energie und erhöht gleichzeitig so auch die CO₂-Menge, die wiederum zur Reduktion zur Verfügung steht).In general, the use of CO₂ in most variants of the invention is advantageous for price and technical reasons, but it can also be beneficial to supply CO and CO₂ simultaneously. Since CO₂ introduced in the wind zone of a cupola furnace acts as a cooling gas, a simultaneous addition of CO to the CO₂ supply can be advantageous if the cooling effect is too strong (CO burns in the wind zone, thus provides energy and at the same time increases the CO₂ amount, which in turn is available for reduction).
Zuverlässig, mit gleichbleibender Zusammensetzung und mit optimaler Dosierbarkeit werden die Kohlengase in Speicherbehältern für die erfindungsgemäßen Anwendungen bereitgestellt. Eine manchmal vorteilhafte Möglichkeit besteht darin, die Kohlengase, vor allem CO₂, aus Brennerabgasen, insbesondere den Abgasen des Kupolofen-Rekuperator-Brenners, zu gewinnen und so zumindest ein Teil der benötigten Gasmenge bereitzustellen.The carbon gases are provided in storage containers for the applications according to the invention reliably, with a constant composition and with optimal meterability. A sometimes beneficial option is there in that the coal gases, especially CO₂, are obtained from burner exhaust gases, in particular the exhaust gases from the cupola recuperator burner, and thus provide at least part of the required amount of gas.
Anhand der Figur soll beispielhaft die Erfindung näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the figure.
Die Figur zeigt einen Kupolofen, an dem eine Ausführung der Erfindung gezeigt ist. Zunächst ist ein Kupolofenschacht 11 mit einer Beschickungsöffnung 12, einer Gichtbühne 13, einem Windring 14 mit Winddüsen 15a und 15b, einer Bodenklappe 16 sowie einem Eisenabstich 17 und einem Schlackenabstich 18 gezeigt.The figure shows a cupola furnace on which an embodiment of the invention is shown. First of all, a
Innerhalb des Ofens sind mit den Ziffern 1 bis 5 sowie zugehörigen gestrichelten Linien die Gattierungszone 5, die Vorwärmzone 4, die Schmelzzone 3, die Windzone 2 und letztlich die Herdzone 1 angedeutet.Within the furnace, the
In den Winddüsen 15a und 15b für den Ofenwind sind Lanzen 20a,b angeordnet, die außerhalb des Ofens mit einer Sauerstoffversorgung und einer Kohlendioxidversorgung verbunden sind.Lances 20a, b are arranged in the wind nozzles 15a and 15b for the furnace wind and are connected to an oxygen supply and a carbon dioxide supply outside the furnace.
Erfindungsgemäß wird nun ein Kupolofenbetrieb durchgeführt, bei dem ein Einsatz, wie er in der Einleitung beschrieben ist, eingesetzt wird. Lediglich die Satzkoksmenge ist wesentlich reduziert und liegt mit ca 37 kg (ca. 7% vom Einsatzgewicht) deutlich niedriger. In der Windüsenebene werden dem Kupolofen über die Lanzen 20a und 20b jetzt 200 m³ Kohlendioxid pro Stunde zugeführt. Das entspricht bei ca 10 Sätzen Einsatz, die den Ofen pro Stunde durchlaufen, einer Gasmenge von 20 m³ pro Einsatz. Der Hauptteil des aus dem Satzkoks im Ofen entstehenden CO₂ wird so durch unmittelbare Zufuhr von CO₂-Gas ersetzt.Die Gaszufuhr kann mit geringem apparativem Aufwand - Installation eines Ventils und eines Durchflussmessers in die CO₂-Zufuhr - konstant ausgeführt werden. Auch eine mit der Zugabe der Einsätze synchronisierte Gaszufuhr etwa vom Sägezahntyp ist vergleichsweise einfach, wobei ausgehend von einem niedrigsten Zufuhrwert kurz nach der Beschickung des Ofens mit einem neuen Einsatz die Gasmenge linear bis zu einem Höchstwert bei der nächsten Beschickung gesteigert wird, wobei jedoch insgesamt die gleiche Gasmenge wie bei konstanter Zufuhr eingehalten wird. Zudem kann beim gezeigten Kupolofen Sauerstoff ebenfalls über die Lanzen 20a und b zugeführt werden, die Windemenge in Korrelation damit geeignet reduziert werden und so höhere Ofentemperaturen trotz Satzkoksreduzierung und CO₂-Zugabe aufrechterhalten werden.According to the invention, a cupola furnace operation is now carried out, in which an application as described in the introduction is used. Only the amount of coke is significantly reduced and is significantly lower at around 37 kg (around 7% of the operating weight). 200 m³ of carbon dioxide per hour are now fed to the cupola furnace on lances 20a and 20b. With around 10 sets of insert that pass through the furnace per hour, this corresponds to a gas volume of 20 m³ per insert. The main part of the coke produced in the oven CO₂ is thus replaced by the direct supply of CO₂ gas. The gas supply can be carried out constantly with little equipment - installation of a valve and a flow meter in the CO₂ supply. A gas supply synchronized with the addition of the inserts, for example of the sawtooth type, is also comparatively simple, whereby starting from a lowest supply value shortly after the furnace has been loaded with a new insert, the gas quantity is increased linearly up to a maximum value for the next loading, although the total the same amount of gas is maintained as with constant supply. In addition, in the cupola furnace shown, oxygen can also be supplied via the lances 20a and b, the amount of wind in correlation can thus be suitably reduced and thus higher furnace temperatures can be maintained in spite of the reduction in coke and CO₂ addition.
Ingesamt ergibt sich mit der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Kohlengaszugabe ein weitere Parameter im Kupolofenbetrieb, mit dem auf vielfache Weise vorteilhaft auf die in einem Kupolofen ablaufenden Prozesse eingewirkt werden kann.Overall, the addition of carbon gas proposed according to the invention results in a further parameter in cupola furnace operation, with which the processes taking place in a cupola furnace can be advantageously influenced in many ways.
Claims (8)
wobei dem Ofenschacht im unteren Bereich Wind, z.B. Luft, und ggfs. Zusatzsauerstoff zugeführt und im oberen Schachtbereich das Gichtgas abgeführt wird
und wobei der Ofenschacht im Betrieb von oben nach unten in eine Beschickungszone, eine Vorwärmzone, eine Schmelzzone (3), eine Windzone (4) sowie eine Herdzone einteilbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zur Einstellung eines gewünschten CO-Gehalts im Kupolofen und insbesondere in der Schmelzzone ein Kohlengas (CO₂ oder CO) in geeigneter Menge an geeigneter Stelle, vorzugsweise im Bereich von Wind- oder Schmelzzone, in den Kupolofen eingebracht wird.Method for operating a cupola furnace for producing cast iron, in which the furnace shaft of the cupola furnace is filled with a corresponding insert or is constantly refilled and cast iron melt is removed from the bottom,
whereby wind, for example air, and possibly additional oxygen are fed into the furnace shaft and the top gas is removed in the upper shaft region
and the furnace shaft can be divided from top to bottom into a loading zone, a preheating zone, a melting zone (3), a wind zone (4) and an oven zone,
characterized,
that in order to set a desired CO content in the cupola and in particular in the melting zone, a carbon gas (CO₂ or CO) is introduced in a suitable amount into a suitable place, preferably in the area of the wind or melting zone, into the cupola.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4122381 | 1991-07-05 | ||
| DE4122381A DE4122381A1 (en) | 1991-07-05 | 1991-07-05 | METHOD FOR OPERATING A COUPLING OVEN |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0521523A1 true EP0521523A1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
| EP0521523B1 EP0521523B1 (en) | 1995-09-06 |
Family
ID=6435565
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92111337A Expired - Lifetime EP0521523B1 (en) | 1991-07-05 | 1992-07-03 | Process for running a cupola |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0521523B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE127580T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4122381A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2079744T3 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0762068A1 (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1997-03-12 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Process for operating an oxygen-consuming metallurgical shaft furnace and shaft furnace for performing said process |
| EP1997915A1 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-03 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method for controlled coke burning in cupola furnaces |
| CN101428342B (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2013-02-13 | 高尔荣 | Ironmaking casting system |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19509366A1 (en) * | 1995-03-15 | 1996-09-19 | Linde Ag | Iron recovery from dust, esp. fettling dust |
| DE10117962B4 (en) | 2001-04-10 | 2006-12-07 | At.Pro Tec Technologie-Team Gmbh | Process for the thermal treatment of raw materials and for carrying out the process |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE930930C (en) * | 1950-06-10 | 1955-07-28 | Heinrich Dr Ing E H Koppenberg | Process for operating a shaft furnace with highly concentrated oxygen |
| FR1144895A (en) * | 1955-03-28 | 1957-10-18 | Ruhrstahl Ag | Process for saving fuel during operation of blast furnaces, especially low-height shaft furnaces |
| DE2015580A1 (en) * | 1969-04-01 | 1970-10-15 | ||
| DE2315748A1 (en) * | 1973-03-29 | 1974-12-19 | Wests Manchester Ltd | Gas fired vertical furnace - with exhaust partly recycled to burners to produce even combustion |
| US4309024A (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1982-01-05 | Modern Equipment Company | Cupola with auxiliary gas generator |
-
1991
- 1991-07-05 DE DE4122381A patent/DE4122381A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-07-03 DE DE59203547T patent/DE59203547D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-07-03 AT AT92111337T patent/ATE127580T1/en active
- 1992-07-03 EP EP92111337A patent/EP0521523B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-03 ES ES92111337T patent/ES2079744T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE930930C (en) * | 1950-06-10 | 1955-07-28 | Heinrich Dr Ing E H Koppenberg | Process for operating a shaft furnace with highly concentrated oxygen |
| FR1144895A (en) * | 1955-03-28 | 1957-10-18 | Ruhrstahl Ag | Process for saving fuel during operation of blast furnaces, especially low-height shaft furnaces |
| DE2015580A1 (en) * | 1969-04-01 | 1970-10-15 | ||
| DE2315748A1 (en) * | 1973-03-29 | 1974-12-19 | Wests Manchester Ltd | Gas fired vertical furnace - with exhaust partly recycled to burners to produce even combustion |
| US4309024A (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1982-01-05 | Modern Equipment Company | Cupola with auxiliary gas generator |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| GIESSEREI. Bd. 77, Nr. 5, 5. März 1990, DUSSELDORF DE Seiten 142 - 148 F.NEUMANN. 'OPTIMIERUNG DES KUPOLOFENSCHMELZPROZESSES DURCH SAUERSTOFFZUSATZ.' * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0762068A1 (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1997-03-12 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Process for operating an oxygen-consuming metallurgical shaft furnace and shaft furnace for performing said process |
| EP1997915A1 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-03 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method for controlled coke burning in cupola furnaces |
| CN101428342B (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2013-02-13 | 高尔荣 | Ironmaking casting system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2079744T3 (en) | 1996-01-16 |
| DE59203547D1 (en) | 1995-10-12 |
| DE4122381A1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
| ATE127580T1 (en) | 1995-09-15 |
| EP0521523B1 (en) | 1995-09-06 |
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