EP0521058B1 - An external insulating layer - Google Patents

An external insulating layer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0521058B1
EP0521058B1 EP19910906503 EP91906503A EP0521058B1 EP 0521058 B1 EP0521058 B1 EP 0521058B1 EP 19910906503 EP19910906503 EP 19910906503 EP 91906503 A EP91906503 A EP 91906503A EP 0521058 B1 EP0521058 B1 EP 0521058B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating layer
sheets
layer
mineral fibre
mineral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19910906503
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0521058A1 (en
Inventor
Jorgen Skjold Petersen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rockwool AS
Original Assignee
Rockwool International AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8096602&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0521058(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Rockwool International AS filed Critical Rockwool International AS
Priority to AT91906503T priority Critical patent/ATE93947T1/en
Publication of EP0521058A1 publication Critical patent/EP0521058A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0521058B1 publication Critical patent/EP0521058B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1662—Inverted roofs or exteriorly insulated roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an insulating layer provided on the exterior side of a building and composed of mineral fibre sheets, each sheet comprising a layer of mineral fibres bonded together by a binder, the outer surface of said insulating layer being coated with a fibre binding layer.
  • DK patent specification No. 141,736 discloses a process for providing roofs comprising a waterproof membrane with an external insulation.
  • a layer of binder-containing mineral fibre sheets is placed on top of the waterproof membrane of the roof, said sheets being provided with a dampproof film on the side facing the waterproof membrane of the roof.
  • the dampproof film prevents water entering in between the insulating sheets and the waterproof membrane of the roof from evaporating and diffusing up through the mineral fibre sheets and thus deteriorating their insulating power.
  • DK patent specification No. 143,574 discloses a further development of the process described above wherein a layer of mineral fibre sheets is placed on top of the waterproof membrane of the roof, said sheets being covered with a dampproof film on the side facing the waterproof membrane of the roof and on a portion of the sides of the mineral fibre sheets.
  • Such loosening of mineral fibres from an external pitched roof or an upright wall of the kind described above may cause the thickness of the insulating layer to be reduced by about 1 mm a year.
  • the sunlight may cause decomposition of the mineral oil which is often added to mineral fibre sheets of the kind denomd above in order both to reduce generation of dust during the manufacture of the mineral fibre sheets and to increase the hydrophobicity of the mineral fibre sheets.
  • the decomposition of the mineral oil may thus result in a reduction of the hydrophobicity of the mineral fibre sheets and hence in an increased evaporation of water and consequently a reduction in the heat insulating power of the mineral fibre sheets.
  • GB patent specification No. 2,107,371 describes mineral fibre sheets which are i.a. intended for the formation of an external insulating layer on houses, at least the one side of said mineral fibre sheets having been rigidified by coating of the fibres with a binder in such a manner that the porosity of the mineral fibre sheets and consequently also their low resistance to the diffusion of vapour are maintained.
  • the insulating layer according to the invention which insulating layer is characterized in that the fibre binding surface layer has an air flow resistance of from 0.25 to 8.0 N ⁇ h/m3.
  • the invention is based on the discovery that by use of such mineral fibre sheets for the formation of an external insulating layer, the difference in pressure on opposite sides of the sheets are rapidly compensated for, and thus the propensity of the sheets to loosen from the support is reduced simultaneously with the surface of the sheet being reinforced to such an extent that said loosening of fibres from the sheet is minimized.
  • a further advantage of the insulating layer according to the invention is that it is resistant to damage occurring during mounting of the insulating layer and that it tolerates moderate walking without being damaged and that the insulating layer exhibits a considerable sound insulating power.
  • the air permeable surface layer may be a porous coat of paint which is formed by applying a coherent coat of paint to the one side of a mineral fibre sheet and by optionally drawing air through the coat of paint and the sheet before the coat of paint is dried
  • the application of the coat of paint may e.g. be carried out by means of anti-setoff rollers whereby a suitable penetration depth of e.g. 3-4 mm can be obtained.
  • This application method is suitable in connection with water-based paints, e.g. paints based on a polyvinylacetate binder and a pigment, such as a dolomite pigment.
  • the surface layer may also be obtained by using paints based on organic solvents, such as toluene, white spirit and alcohol, and in that case the application of the coat of paint on the mineral fibre sheet surfaces may conveniently be effected by means of a varnish coat apparatus or conventional spray painting equipment as said paints due to their low surface tension are absorbed in the surfaces of the mineral fibre sheets under the influence of capillary forces.
  • organic solvents such as toluene, white spirit and alcohol
  • the amount of solid matter present in the paint should normally be less than 40% in order to obtain the desired porosity after evaporation of the solvent.
  • This may be effected by positioning the mineral fibre sheets on top of a suction box wherein a subatmospheric pressure of 100-1500 N/m2 is maintained, depending i.a. on the density of the mineral fibre sheets.
  • the desired porosity may in these instances be obtained by treating the mineral fibre sheet surface coated with paint with a spike roller or the like.
  • the air permeable surface layer may also consist of a perforated layer, e.g. a perforated plastic film attached to the surface by means of a binder.
  • One embodiment of the insulating layer according to the invention which is particularly suitable for external insulation of roofs with a maximum pitch of 5° and provided with a waterproof membrane, consists of mineral fibre sheets as described above and provided with a dampproof membrane on the internal side of the insulating layer, which dampproof membrane prevents the insulating power of the insulating layer from being reduced by reducing the evaporation of water from the roof surface and the diffusion of water up through the insulating layer.
  • the above air flow resistance may be determined by inserting the object to be measured into a pipe and blowing air through said pipe while the pressure difference and the amount of air blown through the pipe are measured.
  • the paint was applied in an amount of 3 kg/m2 and with a penetration depth of 3-4 mm.
  • the sheets were then carried to a kiln with a temperature of 150°C thereby evaporating the water while binder and pigment remained in the outermost 3-4 mm of the mineral fibre sheet.
  • the air flow resistance of the surface layer formed was determined to be 5 N ⁇ h/m3.
  • the sheets thus produced were positioned without anchoring means and in the form of a coherent insulation layer on a pitched roof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Abstract

An external insulating layer of mineral fibre sheets which each comprises a layer of mineral fibres bonded together by a binder and which is on the outer side of the insulating layer provided with a fibre binding surface layer having an air flow resistance of from 0.25 to 8.0 N.h/m3.

Description

  • The present invention relates to an insulating layer provided on the exterior side of a building and composed of mineral fibre sheets, each sheet comprising a layer of mineral fibres bonded together by a binder, the outer surface of said insulating layer being coated with a fibre binding layer.
  • DK patent specification No. 141,736 discloses a process for providing roofs comprising a waterproof membrane with an external insulation. In this known process a layer of binder-containing mineral fibre sheets is placed on top of the waterproof membrane of the roof, said sheets being provided with a dampproof film on the side facing the waterproof membrane of the roof. The dampproof film prevents water entering in between the insulating sheets and the waterproof membrane of the roof from evaporating and diffusing up through the mineral fibre sheets and thus deteriorating their insulating power.
  • DK patent specification No. 143,574 discloses a further development of the process described above wherein a layer of mineral fibre sheets is placed on top of the waterproof membrane of the roof, said sheets being covered with a dampproof film on the side facing the waterproof membrane of the roof and on a portion of the sides of the mineral fibre sheets.
  • It is a serious drawback of external roof insulating layers and other external mineral fibre insulating layers of the kind disclosed above that the binder which bonds the mineral fibres together is decomposed under the influence of the sunlight and in particular ultra violet rays in the surface layer of the mineral fibre sheets. Thus mineral fibres are loosened and consequently the heat insulating power of the mineral fibre sheets is reduced.
  • Such loosening of mineral fibres from an external pitched roof or an upright wall of the kind described above may cause the thickness of the insulating layer to be reduced by about 1 mm a year.
  • Furthermore, the sunlight may cause decomposition of the mineral oil which is often added to mineral fibre sheets of the kind descrised above in order both to reduce generation of dust during the manufacture of the mineral fibre sheets and to increase the hydrophobicity of the mineral fibre sheets.
  • The decomposition of the mineral oil may thus result in a reduction of the hydrophobicity of the mineral fibre sheets and hence in an increased evaporation of water and consequently a reduction in the heat insulating power of the mineral fibre sheets.
  • GB patent specification No. 2,107,371 describes mineral fibre sheets which are i.a. intended for the formation of an external insulating layer on houses, at least the one side of said mineral fibre sheets having been rigidified by coating of the fibres with a binder in such a manner that the porosity of the mineral fibre sheets and consequently also their low resistance to the diffusion of vapour are maintained.
  • Attempts to use such surface-treated mineral fibre sheets for the construction of external roof insulating layers have proved-that under the influence of a vacuum generated by strong winds the sheets are liable to loosen from the roof and blow away.
  • It is the object of the invention to provide an external insulating layer of the kind described in the introduction which is both weatherproof and less susceptible to be torn away when subjected to the influence of strong winds than the known external insulating layers.
  • This object is obtained with the insulating layer according to the invention which insulating layer is characterized in that the fibre binding surface layer has an air flow resistance of from 0.25 to 8.0 N·h/m³.
  • The invention is based on the discovery that by use of such mineral fibre sheets for the formation of an external insulating layer, the difference in pressure on opposite sides of the sheets are rapidly compensated for, and thus the propensity of the sheets to loosen from the support is reduced simultaneously with the surface of the sheet being reinforced to such an extent that said loosening of fibres from the sheet is minimized.
  • Accelerated experiments with the external insulating layers according to the invention have shown that over a period of 25 years the mineral fibre release from such layers is minimal when they are exposed to climatic influences and at the same time the heat insulating power of the layers remains substantially unchanged.
  • A further advantage of the insulating layer according to the invention is that it is resistant to damage occurring during mounting of the insulating layer and that it tolerates moderate walking without being damaged and that the insulating layer exhibits a considerable sound insulating power.
  • The air permeable surface layer may be a porous coat of paint which is formed by applying a coherent coat of paint to the one side of a mineral fibre sheet and by optionally drawing air through the coat of paint and the sheet before the coat of paint is dried
  • The application of the coat of paint may e.g. be carried out by means of anti-setoff rollers whereby a suitable penetration depth of e.g. 3-4 mm can be obtained.
  • This application method is suitable in connection with water-based paints, e.g. paints based on a polyvinylacetate binder and a pigment, such as a dolomite pigment.
  • The surface layer may also be obtained by using paints based on organic solvents, such as toluene, white spirit and alcohol, and in that case the application of the coat of paint on the mineral fibre sheet surfaces may conveniently be effected by means of a varnish coat apparatus or conventional spray painting equipment as said paints due to their low surface tension are absorbed in the surfaces of the mineral fibre sheets under the influence of capillary forces.
  • Both by using water-based paints and paints based on organic solvents the amount of solid matter present in the paint should normally be less than 40% in order to obtain the desired porosity after evaporation of the solvent.
  • When using paints having a higher content of solid matter, which reduces the energy consumption of the solvent removal operation, it is normally necessary to draw air through the coat of paint before the coat of paint is dried.
  • This may be effected by positioning the mineral fibre sheets on top of a suction box wherein a subatmospheric pressure of 100-1500 N/m² is maintained, depending i.a. on the density of the mineral fibre sheets.
  • Alternatively the desired porosity may in these instances be obtained by treating the mineral fibre sheet surface coated with paint with a spike roller or the like.
  • The air permeable surface layer may also consist of a perforated layer, e.g. a perforated plastic film attached to the surface by means of a binder.
  • One embodiment of the insulating layer according to the invention, which is particularly suitable for external insulation of roofs with a maximum pitch of 5° and provided with a waterproof membrane, consists of mineral fibre sheets as described above and provided with a dampproof membrane on the internal side of the insulating layer, which dampproof membrane prevents the insulating power of the insulating layer from being reduced by reducing the evaporation of water from the roof surface and the diffusion of water up through the insulating layer.
  • The above air flow resistance may be determined by inserting the object to be measured into a pipe and blowing air through said pipe while the pressure difference and the amount of air blown through the pipe are measured.
  • The invention will now be described with reference to the following example.
    • Example
  • A water-based paint containing a polyvinylacetate binder and dolomite pigment and silicone in a weight ratio of 8 parts by weight of binder, 33 parts by weight of pigment, 3 parts by weight of silicone and 56 parts by weight of water, which composition corresponds to a content of solid matter of about 40%, was pressed into the surface of mineral fibre sheets having a density of 180 kg/m³ by means of anti-setoff rollers.
  • The paint was applied in an amount of 3 kg/m² and with a penetration depth of 3-4 mm.
  • The sheets were then carried to a kiln with a temperature of 150°C thereby evaporating the water while binder and pigment remained in the outermost 3-4 mm of the mineral fibre sheet.
  • The air flow resistance of the surface layer formed was determined to be 5 N·h/m³.
  • The sheets thus produced were positioned without anchoring means and in the form of a coherent insulation layer on a pitched roof.

Claims (3)

  1. Insulating layer provided on the exterior side of a building and composed of mineral fibre sheets, each sheet comprising a layer of mineral fibres bonded together by a binder, the outer surface of said insulating layer being coated with a fibre binding layer, characterized in that the fibre binding surface layer has an air flow resistance of from 0.25 to 8.0 N.h/m³.
  2. Insulating layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibre binding surface layer is a coat of paint.
  3. Insulating layer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner surface of the insulating layer is covered by a vapour-proof membrane.
EP19910906503 1990-03-19 1991-03-19 An external insulating layer Expired - Lifetime EP0521058B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT91906503T ATE93947T1 (en) 1990-03-19 1991-03-19 OUTER INSULATION LAYER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK70690A DK164129C (en) 1990-03-19 1990-03-19 EXTERNAL INSULATION Layer
DK706/90 1990-03-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0521058A1 EP0521058A1 (en) 1993-01-07
EP0521058B1 true EP0521058B1 (en) 1993-09-01

Family

ID=8096602

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910906503 Expired - Lifetime EP0521058B1 (en) 1990-03-19 1991-03-19 An external insulating layer

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0521058B1 (en)
AU (1) AU7542591A (en)
DE (1) DE69100333T2 (en)
DK (1) DK164129C (en)
FI (1) FI924144A0 (en)
LT (1) LTIP214A (en)
LV (1) LV10129A (en)
WO (1) WO1991014897A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9717484D0 (en) 1997-08-18 1997-10-22 Rockwool Int Roof and wall cladding
DE202014103984U1 (en) * 2014-03-10 2015-06-12 Rpc Bramlage Gmbh donor

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE742593A (en) * 1968-12-05 1970-06-03
DE2455691C2 (en) * 1974-11-25 1976-12-16 Gruenzweig Hartmann Glasfaser Mineral fiber board
DK443481A (en) * 1981-10-07 1983-04-08 Rockwool Int INSULATION PLATE
DE3248663C1 (en) * 1982-12-30 1984-06-07 Grünzweig + Hartmann und Glasfaser AG, 6700 Ludwigshafen Coated facade or roof insulation board made of mineral fibers, as well as processes for their production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LV10129A (en) 1994-05-10
AU7542591A (en) 1991-10-21
FI924144A (en) 1992-09-16
LTIP214A (en) 1994-04-25
DE69100333T2 (en) 1993-12-16
FI924144A0 (en) 1992-09-16
DK70690D0 (en) 1990-03-19
DK70690A (en) 1991-09-20
EP0521058A1 (en) 1993-01-07
DE69100333D1 (en) 1993-10-07
WO1991014897A1 (en) 1991-10-03
DK164129C (en) 1992-10-12
DK164129B (en) 1992-05-11

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